What was the reason for the dissolution of I State Duma?
1) revolutionary sentiments of Duma deputies
2) the establishment of a military dictatorship in the country
3) refusal of the Duma to adopt the Declaration of the Rights of Working and Exploited People
4) expiration of the period of its activity established by law
Explanation.
The reason for the dissolution of the First State Duma in July 1906 was the revolutionary sentiments of the deputies who were in opposition to the government.
Answer: 1
What was the consequence of the events called “Bloody Sunday”?
1) creation of the Supreme Administrative Commission
2) the beginning of the Russo-Japanese War
3) the collapse of the workers’ faith “in the good Tsar-Father”
4) convening of the Constituent Assembly
Explanation.
“Bloody Sunday” - the shooting by tsarist troops of a peaceful demonstration in St. Petersburg on January 9, 1905 - led to the collapse of the workers’ faith “in the good Tsar-Father” and dispelled the monarchical sentiments of the workers.
Answer: 3
Disagreements led to the split of Russian Social Democrats into Bolsheviks and Mensheviks in 1903
1) about the program and charter
2) on participation in the activities of the State Duma
3) about the overthrow of the autocracy
4) about participation in the Congress of the Second International
Explanation.
The split of Russian Social Democrats into Bolsheviks and Mensheviks in 1903 resulted from disagreements about the program and charter at the Second Congress of the RSDLP. As a result, in the elections to the central bodies of the party, Lenin’s supporters received a majority of votes and began to be called Bolsheviks, Martov’s supporters remained in the minority and were called Mensheviks.
The correct answer is indicated by number: 1
Answer: 1
1) limitation of the legislative power of the king
2) nationalization of landowners' land
4) the decision of the Socialist Revolutionary Party to stop fighting the government
Explanation.
The consequences of the publication of the Manifesto on October 17, 1905 include the establishment in Russia of the State Duma - an elected legislative representative body of power. That is, there was a limitation of the king’s legislative power.
The correct answer is indicated by number: 1
Answer: 1
What are the reasons for the defeat of the Russian army in the Russo-Japanese War?
1) economic and military-technical backwardness of Russia
2) commissioning of the Trans-Siberian Railway
3) dissolution of the First State Duma
4) activities of the Entente
Explanation.
The reason for the defeat of the Russian army in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904−1905. there was economic and military-technical backwardness of Russia. The war ended with the signing of the shameful Peace of Portsmouth.
The correct answer is indicated by number: 1
Answer: 1
The defeat of the Russian fleet at Tsushima in 1905 was caused by
1) presence navy USA on Far East
2) military-technical backwardness Russian fleet
3) interference of foreign diplomacy
4) a strike by the lower ranks of the ship's personnel
Explanation.
The defeat of the Russian fleet at Tsushima in 1905 was caused by the military-technical backwardness of the Russian fleet, as well as the economic lag of Russia from European countries and Japan. The question of modernizing the Russian army and navy arose.
Answer: 2
Russia's failures in World War I were caused by
1) international support from Germany
2) crisis in army supplies
3) an agreement on mutual assistance in the event of hostilities with Serbia
4) the creation of the Triple Alliance
Explanation.
Russia's failures in the First World War were caused by a crisis in the supply of the Russian army, which began in 1915. Russia was unable to overcome the crisis (“shell famine”) until the end of the war.
The correct answer is indicated under number: 2
Answer: 2
Source: Demo version of the Unified State Exam 2013 in history.
What was one of the reasons for the First Russian Revolution of 1905−1907?
1) difficult working conditions and lack of rights for industrial workers
2) defeat in the First World War
3) government nationalization of enterprises and banks
4) the growing conflict between the Tsar and the State Duma
Explanation.
First World War- 1914-1918, the nationalization of enterprises and banks began carried out by the Soviet government in 1918. The State Duma appeared during the revolution.
The correct answer is indicated by number: 1
Answer: 1
What event happened during the First World War?
1) Battle of Tsushima
2) Brusilovsky breakthrough
3) defense of Port Arthur
4) defense of Shipka
Explanation.
Battle of Tsushima - 1905, Russo-Japanese War; Brusilov breakthrough - 1916, World War I; defense of Port Arthur - 1904, Russian-Japanese War; defense of Shipka - 1877−1878, Russian-Turkish war.
The correct answer is indicated under number: 2
Answer: 2
Source: Unified State Examination in History 05/30/2013. Main wave. Center. Option 1.
What was one of the consequences of the All-Russian political strike in October 1905?
1) granting political rights and freedoms to the population of Russia
2) creation of a government responsible to the State Duma
3) convening of the Constituent Assembly
4) creation of factory legislation
Explanation.
On October 17, the Tsar issued a Manifesto on granting political rights and freedoms to the population of Russia and on elections to the State Duma, fearing the unprecedented scale of the strike movement.
The correct answer is indicated by number: 1
Answer: 1
Source: Unified State Examination in History 05/30/2013. Main wave. Siberia. Option 3., Unified State Examination in History 05/30/2013. Main wave. Siberia. Option 3.
1) establishment of a republic in the country
2) creation of factory legislation
3) allowing the legal activities of political parties
4) dissolution of social democratic organizations
Explanation.
With a manifesto of October 17, 1905, the tsar introduced political rights and freedoms in the country and allowed the activities of political parties.
The correct answer is indicated under number: 3
Answer: 3
Source: Unified State Examination in History 05/30/2013. Main wave. Ural. Option 4.
What was one of the consequences of the All-Russian political strike in October 1905?
1) creation of factory legislation
2) allowing the legal activities of political parties
3) dissolution of social democratic organizations
4) establishment of a republic in the country
Explanation.
With the manifesto of October 17, 1905, the tsar introduced political rights and freedoms in the country and allowed the activities of political parties.
The correct answer is indicated under number: 2
Answer: 2
Source: Unified State Examination in History 05/30/2013. Main wave. Ural. Option 5.
What was one of the reasons for Russia's defeat in the First World War?
1) lack of allies in the war
2) crisis in army supplies
3) mutual assistance agreement with Serbia in case of hostilities
4) creation of the Triple Alliance
Explanation.
The main reason for the defeats of the Russian army during the First World War was the crisis in the supply of the army, which arose due to the general crisis in the country.
The correct answer is indicated under number: 2
Answer: 2
Source: Demo version of the Unified State Exam 2014 in history.
What was one of the reasons for the failures of the Russian army in the First World War?
1) significant numerical superiority of enemy troops
2) the inability of domestic industry to meet the needs of the army
3) Japan’s performance on the side of Germany and Austria-Hungary
4) the surrender of France at the early stage of the war and the liquidation of the Western Front
Explanation.
The enemy did not have a significant advantage in the number of troops.
Japan took part in the First World War on the side of the Entente.
France did not capitulate early in the war, and did not capitulate at all, but together with its allies won victory.
But the domestic industry was actually unable to meet the needs of the Russian army.
The correct answer is indicated under number: 2
Answer: 2
What was the consequence of the adoption of the Manifesto on October 17, 1905?
1) limitation of the legislative power of the king
2) the decision of the Socialist Revolutionary Party to stop fighting the government
3) convening of the Constituent Assembly
4) proclamation of Russia as a republic
Explanation.
As a result of the Manifesto, a new legislative body appeared in the country, limiting the power of the king. Everything else is wrong: 2. the Social Revolutionaries never made a decision to stop fighting the government
3. The Constituent Assembly was convened in 1918;
4. Russia was declared a republic in 1917.
The correct answer is indicated by number: 1
Answer: 1
What was one of the consequences of Russia’s socio-economic lag behind leading Western countries at the beginning of the 20th century?
1) lack of railways
2) the need to import food to Russia
3) insignificant volume of oil production in Russia
4) dependence on foreign investment
Explanation.
Due to Russia's lag, the country was forced to attract foreign investment, since its own funds were not enough.
The rest is wrong:
1. There were railways.
2. Russia exported food.
3. The volume of oil production was significant.
Correct answer: 4.
Period 1914–1918 associated primarily with the First World War - a large-scale event that captured the most powerful powers in its whirlpool.
The war began after the assassination of the heir to the Austrian throne, Franz Ferdinand, by Serbian conspirators in the Bosnian city of Sarajevo in June 1914. Austria declared war on Serbia, in response Russia, as the guarantor of Serbia's independence, began mobilization - putting the armed forces on alert.
The real reasons for the outbreak of the war of 1914–1918. there were contradictions between groups of capitalist states, the struggle for spheres of influence, markets, which led to the redivision of the world. On the one hand, it was Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, which formed the Triple Alliance, on the other, England, France and Russia, united in the Entente. Nicholas II believed that Russia was well prepared for war, and therefore could not let its allies down. In the manifesto on entry into the war, Nikolai noted that Russia was ready for war and called on all the people to go to defend the Motherland. The consequence of the declaration of war was a national upsurge in Russia, increased respect for Emperor Nicholas II as the defender of the people, an increase in anti-German sentiment in the country, and the renaming of the capital to Petrograd.
The people perceived the war positively.
However, the development of military operations was weak, already in 1915 the war took on a positional character, the only success of the Allied forces was the disruption of the plan for a lightning attack on Germany. The most striking event of the military campaign was the Brussilovsky breakthrough, the reasons for which were the attempts of the Russian high command to break through and defeat the Austrian troops in the area of Lutsk and Kovel. On July 4, 1916, the troops of the Southwestern Front under the command of General A.A. Brusilova went on the offensive. Brusilov managed to occupy Bukovina and Southern Galicia, overcoming an extremely fortified position that was considered impregnable by the enemies. As a result of the “Brusilov breakthrough,” the Germans urgently withdrew 11 divisions from the Western Front and sent them to help the Austrian troops.
Unfortunately, a single success did not determine the course of the entire war, the army was demoralized, there was no hope for the sovereign, and things had not been calm within the country for a long time. The soldiers left their fronts and after the October Revolution, on March 3, 1918, a separate peace treaty was concluded in Brest, that is, without the participation of the allied countries. The head of the Soviet delegation was Sokolnikov, but big role L.D. played in the signing. Trotsky, who put forward the concept of “no peace, no war, disband the army.” It was because of Trotsky’s idea that Russia lost vast territories without fighting, and signed peace on absolutely unfavorable terms. The consequence of the signing of the Brest-Litovsk Treaty was the isolation of Russia, the loss of a huge part of the territories of the Baltic states, Belarus, Ukraine, and the obligation to pay a huge indemnity. The “predatory peace” entailed dissatisfaction with the policies of the Bolsheviks both inside and outside the country.
Opinions about Russia's role in the First World War vary; for the most part, this war has been forgotten due to the influence of Soviet ideology. Contemporaries, including W. Churchill, believed that Russia suffered the greatest losses in the war, taking the main blow.
Which judgments about this cartoon are correct? Choose 2 judgments from the five proposed. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated in your answer.
1) One of the consequences of the First World War was the collapse of the empire to which this cartoon is dedicated.
2) Russia has never signed international treaties with the empire to which the cartoon is dedicated.
3) The empire to which the cartoon is dedicated was part of the Entente.
4) During the First World War, the Russian army managed to temporarily capture part of the territory of the empire, to which the cartoon is dedicated.
5) The empire to which the cartoon is dedicated included Prussia.
Explanation.
1) One of the consequences of the First World War was the collapse of the empire to which this cartoon is dedicated - YES, that’s right, the Austrian Empire collapsed as a result of the First World War.
2) Russia has never signed international treaties with the empire to which the cartoon is dedicated - NO, incorrect, “Union of Three Emperors.”
3) The empire to which the cartoon is dedicated was part of the Entente - NO, incorrect, it was part of the Triple Alliance.
4) During the First World War, the Russian army managed to temporarily seize part of the territory of the empire, to which the cartoon is dedicated - YES, that’s right, during the Brusilov breakthrough.
5) The empire to which the cartoon is dedicated included Prussia - NO, incorrect, Prussia was part of the German Empire.
Answer: 14.
Establish a correspondence between fragments of historical sources and their brief characteristics: for each fragment indicated by a letter, select two corresponding characteristics indicated by numbers.
FRAGMENTS OF SOURCES
A) “The person in whose name the movement was launched was the Empress, who managed to gain wide popularity, especially in the guards regiments. The emperor lived badly with his wife, threatened to divorce her and even imprison her in a monastery, and in her place put a person close to him, the niece of Chancellor Count Vorontsov. [The Empress] stayed aloof for a long time, patiently enduring her position and not entering into direct relations with the dissatisfied.”
B) “In the days of the great struggle with the external enemy, who had been striving to enslave our Motherland for almost three years, the Lord God was pleased to send Russia a new ordeal. The outbreak of internal popular unrest threatens to have a disastrous effect on the further conduct of the stubborn war. The fate of Russia, the honor of our heroic army, the good of the people, the entire future of our dear Fatherland demand that the war be brought to a victorious end at all costs. The cruel enemy is straining his last strength, and the hour is already approaching when our valiant army, together with our glorious allies, will be able to finally break the enemy. In these decisive days in the life of Russia, we considered it a duty of conscience to facilitate close unity and rallying of all the people’s forces for our people to achieve victory as quickly as possible, and in agreement with the State Duma, we recognized it as good to abdicate the throne of the Russian state and relinquish supreme power.”
CHARACTERISTICS
1) This text was written by V. O. Klyuchevsky.
2) This excerpt from the manifesto dates back to 1917.
3) The text was written before the start of World War II.
4) This passage refers to the First World War.
5) A contemporary of the events described was L.N. Tolstoy.
6) The events described tell the story of an emperor who was subsequently overthrown as a result of a palace coup.
| Fragment A | Fragment B | ||
Explanation.
1) This text was written by V. O. Klyuchevsky - yes, that’s right, it refers to the text by A.
2) This excerpt from the manifesto refers to 1917 - yes, that’s right, it refers to text B.
3) The text was written before the start of World War II - no, it’s incorrect. Has no relation to these sources.
4) This passage refers to the First World War - yes, that’s right, it refers to text B.
5) A contemporary of the events described was L.N. Tolstoy - no, that’s incorrect. Has no relation to these sources.
6) The events described tell about the emperor, who was subsequently overthrown as a result of a palace coup - yes, that’s right, refers to the text of A.
Answer: 1624.
Establish a correspondence between the names of military leaders and their activities: for each position in the first column, select the corresponding position in the second column. Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.
| MILITARY CHIEF | ACTIVITY | |
| A) A. A. Brusilov B) S. M. Budyonny B) A. N. Kuropatkin D) G. K. Zhukov | 1) commander of the First Cavalry Army during the Civil War 2) First Deputy Supreme Commander-in-Chief during the Great Patriotic War 3) commander of Russian troops in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904−1905. 4) commander of the Southwestern Front in 1916 during the First World War 5) Chief of the General Staff since 1942, commander of Soviet troops in the Far East in 1945. |
| A | B | IN | G |
Explanation.
A) A. A. Brusilov - commander of the Southwestern Front in 1916 during the First World War.
B) S. M. Budyonny - commander of the First Cavalry Army during the Civil War.
C) A. N. Kuropatkin - commander of Russian troops in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904−1905.
D) G.K. Zhukov - First Deputy Supreme Commander-in-Chief during the Great Patriotic War.
Answer: 4132.
Answer: 4132
Write down the numbers in your answer, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters:
| A | B | IN | G |
Explanation.
A) Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolaevich led the Russian army during the First World War.
B) S. Yu. Witte prepared a manifesto on the establishment of the legislative State Duma.
C) S.V. Zubatov was the initiator of the creation of workers' organizations under the control of the police.
Answer: 4215.
Answer: 4215
A) the leadership of the government during the First World War, this is answer number 3
that is, it should be 3215
Ivan Ivanovich
Nikolai Nikolaevich was the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Army in 1914-1915, and the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Ingushetia was led by several people during the First World War: Goremykin, Sturmer, Trepov, Golitsyn.
·Establish a correspondence between the names of military leaders and the names of the wars in which they became famous: for each position in the first column, select the corresponding position in the second column.
Write down the numbers in your answer, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters:
| A | B | IN | G |
Explanation.
A) A. A. Brusilov - The First World War.
B) M. D. Skobelev - Russian-Turkish war of 1877−1878.
B) P. S. Nakhimov - Crimean War.
D) A.V. Suvorov - Russian-Turkish war of 1768−1774.
Answer: 5431.
Answer: 5431
Source: Unified State Examination in History 05/30/2013. Main wave. Siberia. Option 3., Unified State Examination in History 05/30/2013. Main wave. Siberia. Option 3.
Fill in the blank cells of the table using the information provided in the list below. For each lettered cell, select the number of the desired element.
| Title of the document, speech, proclamation | Content | Year |
|---|---|---|
| __________(A) | Speech by an English politician containing calls for the unity of Western countries in the face of the threat of the spread of Soviet influence in the world | __________(B) |
| __________(IN) | Appeal of deputies with calls for passive resistance to the actions of the authorities after the dissolution of the first convocation of the State Duma | 1906 |
| "April Theses" | __________(G) | 1917 |
| "Milyukov's Note" | __________(D) | __________(E) |
Missing elements:
2) “Fulton Speech”
4) a program to help European countries recover their economies after World War II
5) “Vyborg Appeal”
7) a statement of the intentions of the Provisional Government to continue fulfilling its obligations to the allies in the First World War
8) Truman Doctrine
9) the action program of the Bolshevik Party, containing the task of transferring all state power to the Soviets of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies
Write down the numbers in your answer, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters:
| A | B | IN | G | D | E |
Explanation.
A)−B) In 1946 in Fulton, W. Churchill called for resistance to the USSR and the Cold War.
C) The Vyborg Appeal of 1906 contained an appeal from deputies calling for passive resistance to the actions of the authorities after the dissolution of the first convocation of the State Duma.
D) The April Theses of 1917 contained the program of action for the Bolsheviks.
E)−F) In 1917, Miliukov announced the intentions of the Provisional Government to continue fulfilling its obligations to the allies in the First World War.
Answer: 235971.
Answer: 235971
1) the beginning of the First Russian Revolution
2) Russia’s entry into the First World War
3) publication of a manifesto on the legislative State Duma
4) the beginning of the Russo-Japanese War
Explanation.
Started earlier than others Russo-Japanese War- January 1904. First Russian revolution began in January 1905. The manifesto on the legislative State Duma was signed in October 1905. Russia entered World War I in August 1914.
The correct answer is indicated under number: 4
Answer: 4
Write down the numbers in your answer, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters:
| A | B | IN | G |
Explanation.
A) P.I. Bagration was a military commander Patriotic War 1812.
B) M. D. Skobelev - general Russian-Turkish War 1877-1878
B) P.S. Nakhimov commanded the defense of Sevastopol during the Crimean War.
D) A. A. Brusilov - military commander of the First World War 1914-1918.
Answer: 2314.
Answer: 2314
Which judgments related to the events indicated on the map are correct? Choose three judgments from the six proposed. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the table.
1) The map depicts the events of the final stage of the war.
2) The Red Army was assisted by its allies in the First World War.
3) The period of the war indicated on the map includes the passage through the Sivash Bay.
4) In the west, the Red Army is fighting against the troops of General N. Yudenich.
5) The war ended with the signing of the Brest Peace Treaty.
6) The troops of the Red Army in the south were commanded by M.V. Frunze.
Explanation.
1) The map depicts the events of the final stage of the war - YES, that’s right, the map of the civil war depicts the events of the final stage of the war - the Soviet-Polish war of 1920 and the defeat of the troops of General P. Wrangel in the Crimea.
2) The Red Army was assisted by its allies in the First World War - NO, incorrect.
3) The war period indicated on the map includes the passage through the Sivash Bay - YES, that’s right, in the fall of 1920.
4) In the west, the Red Army is fighting against the troops of General N. Yudenich - NO, incorrect.
5) The war ended with the signing of the Brest Peace Treaty - NO, incorrect.
6) The Red Army troops in the south were commanded by M.V. Frunze - YES, that’s right.
Answer: 136.
Answer: 136
Elena Aleksandrovna Dergunova
In 1920, the civil war ended in the main territory of Russia. On the outskirts of the country it continued until 1922.
Guest 05.05.2013 15:18
The answer number 1 is given incorrectly. Civil War was divided into 3 stages and 1920 belonged to the second stage (November 1918 - March 1920). The third stage of the war lasted until October 1922, until the capture of the city of Vladivostok, where anti-Bolshevik formations were based at that time with the support of Japanese troops. I don’t think it’s fair that 1920 is considered the end of the war here, because right up to the defeat of the Siberian Volunteer Squad in 1923, military clashes took place on Russian territory.
Valentin Ivanovich Kirichenko
The point of view you cited has a right to life; moreover, it was dominant in Soviet historiography. But at the moment, most historians are of the opinion that the Civil War ended in 1920.
Caricature of European powers on the eve of the First World War
1914 – 1918 – period of participation Russian Empire in the First World War.
Beginning of the First World War
The reason for the outbreak of World War I was the assassination of the heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary, Franz Ferdinand, in Sarajevo by a Serbian terrorist. After the terrorist attack, the Emperor of Austria-Hungary issued an ultimatum to the Serbian government, and after Serbia refused to accept its conditions, declared war on it. Russia supported Serbia and announced mobilization. Austria-Hungary, in turn, enlisted the support of Germany, and on August 1, 1914, the German Empire declared war on Russia.
Fighting on the Eastern Front
Russian army in the First World War
Fighting in 1914
In 1914 the main fighting deployed on the Western Front. Germany concentrated its main forces against France, and Russia did not have time to complete mobilization and was faced with a shortage of ammunition.
In the summer of 1914, the 1st and 2nd Russian armies, commanded by Generals Rennenkampf and Samsonov, launched an offensive against East Prussia. The Southwestern Front under the command of General Ivanov completed a successful offensive, capturing Galicia and defeating the troops of Austria-Hungary, thereby saving Serbia from defeat from the superior forces of the Austrians.
Fighting in 1915
In 1915, Germany transferred its main forces to Eastern front, seeking to bring Russia out of the war. In April-June 1915, Russian troops were driven out of Galicia, and in June-August 1915 - from Poland, but Russia was not defeated. On August 10, 1915, Nicholas II removed Prince Nikolai Nikolaevich, popular among the troops, from command and assumed the duties of Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Army, which subsequently negatively affected the authority of the emperor.
Fighting in 1916
In May-July 1916, the Brusilov breakthrough took place - a successful offensive of the Russian army in Galicia against the Austrians. In the same year, during the war with Central block Romania entered, but was almost immediately defeated by Austrian troops, which only worsened the situation on the Eastern Front.
Events of 1917
In 1917, a revolution broke out in Russia. The emperor announced his abdication from the throne. The provisional government that replaced the emperor told the allies to continue the war with the Central Powers until victory. In June 1917, Russia launched an offensive against Austria-Hungary, but due to the collapse of the army and revolutionary propaganda it ended in failure. After the defeat of the Russian troops and the complete disintegration of the army, large-scale operations at the front were no longer carried out.
Results of the First World War in Russian history
The defeats of the Russian army and the unsuccessful decisions of the imperial government led to public discontent, which resulted in the revolution of 1917. As a result, Russia emerged from the period 1914–1918 defeated in the war, with a destroyed statehood and a beginning revolution.
Assessments of the period 1914 - 1918 by historians
Russian historians, for example, A. A. Danilov, assess the period 1914-1918 - the period of the First World War - mostly negatively. Russia was drawn into a world war for which it was poorly prepared and for which it had no definite goals.
Unified State Examination on the topic “The First World War. February Revolution of 1917"
Part A.
1. What are the causes of the First World War?
a) the desire of the leading world powers to redraw the world map in their interests
b) the desire of the governments of countries involved in the war to distract their people from the revolutionary struggle
c) the desire of the participating countries to take away colonies from the largest colonial power, Great Britain
2. What was the main result of the military campaign of 1914?
a) signing of a separate peace by Germany and England
b) Germany failed to implement its plan for a lightning war
c) Alsace and Lorraine were returned to France
3. When did the February 1917 revolution begin in Petrograd?
4. What are the main results of the February Revolution?
a) the monarchy fell b) dual power arose
c) democratization of the country began d) the Constituent Assembly was convened
5. What is the meaning of order No. 1?
a) the establishment of dictatorships in the proletariatb) democratization of the army beganc) the State Duma was liquidated
6. What appeared main reason April crisis of the Provisional Government?
a) Miliukov’s note on the continuation of the warb) Lenin's speech at the First Congress of Soviets
c) breakthrough on the front of General Brusilov
7. Why did the Russian army fail during the First World War?
a) poor supply of the army with weapons and ammunition
b) there was scattered action of the fronts
c) England and France violated the treaty of alliance
8. What are the results of the First World War for Russia?
a) the internal political and economic situation in the country has sharply deteriorated
b) Russia achieved the goals for which it participated in the war
c) during the war in Russia the First Russian Revolution will occur
9. What events became the reason for the riots in February 1917 in Petrograd?
a) demonstration of women in honor of International Women's Day
b) the dismissal of 30,000 striking workers from the Putilov plant
c) performance of soldiers of the Petrograd garrison
10. What two authorities appeared in Petrograd during the February Revolution?
a) Constituent Assembly
b) Petrograd Soviet of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies
c) Provisional Government
d) State Council
11. What changes did the Declaration of the Provisional Government, adopted on March 3, 1917, bring to the life of Russia?
a) introduced broad civil rights and freedoms
b) provided the peasants with land
c) brought Russia out of the First World War
12.What was the composition of the Entente on the eve of the war?
a) England, USA, France; b) England, Russia, France; c) England, Russia, Italy.
13. Germany declared war on Russia:
a) June 28, 1914; b) 07/28/1914; c) August 1, 1914; d) 08/3/1914
14. The Brusilov breakthrough took place in:
15. The Verdun operation took place in:
a) 1914, b) 1915; c) 1916; d) 1917
Part B
1. Arrange events by year:
A) 1914; b) 1916; c) 1918
1. Battle of the Somme; 2. Brusilovsky breakthrough; 3. first gas attack near the city of Ypres; 4. US entry into the war; 5; Battle of the Marne; 6. Battle of Jutland; 7. Battle of Verdun; 8. Miliukov’s note on Russia’s participation in the war to a victorious end; 9. Peace of Brest-Litovsk; 10. Truce of Compiegne;
2.Write the name of the historical event.
Russia renounced all territories occupied by German troops. It was obliged to demobilize the army and pay compensation for damage caused to the property of German citizens on its territory.
3. Reasons February revolution become.
1 . The agrarian question was not resolved
2. Russian participation in the First World War
3. Lack of labor legislation
4. Creation of the Provisional Government
5. Creation of the Council of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies
4. Relate.
1. G.E. Lvov A. Minister of Justice
2. A.I. Guchkov B. Minister of Foreign Affairs
3. P.N. Milyukov V. Chairman of the Provisional Government
4. A.F. Kerensky G. Minister of Military Affairs
D. Minister of Finance
5.The reasons for the June and July crises were the authorities.
1. Mass protests by workers
2. Unsuccessful counter-offensive at the front
3. A sharp deterioration in the economic situation of the country
4. Abdication of Nicholas II from the throne
5. Resignation of G.E. Lvov
6. Select events related to the 1917 revolution.
1. Bloody Sunday
2. The fall of the autocracy
3. Establishment of dual power
4. Manifesto “On Improving Public Order”
5. Kronstadt uprising
Part C
Read the text and complete the tasks.
To the garrison of the Petrograd district to all soldiers of the guard, army, artillery, navy for immediate and precise execution, and to the workers of Petrograd for information.
- The Council of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies decided:
- 1. In all companies, battalions, regiments, batteries, squadrons and individual services of various types of military departments and on naval vessels, immediately select committees from elected representatives from the lower ranks of the above military units
- 2. In all military units that have not yet elected their representatives to the Council of Workers’ Deputies, elect one representative from each company, who will present themselves with written certificates to the State Duma building by 10 a.m. on March 2
- 3. In all its political speeches, the military unit is subordinate to the council of workers' and soldiers' deputies and its committees
- 6. In the ranks and when performing official duties, soldiers must observe the strictest military discipline
- 7. Rough treatment of soldiers of all military ranks and, in particular, addressing them as “you” is prohibited
C1. Write the title of the document and the date of its adoption.
C2. Reveal the main provisions of the document characterizing relations with the military.
C3. What event led to the adoption of this document and what is its significance for the military?
C4. Below are 2 points of view on the signing of the Brest-Litovsk Treaty. Indicate which of the above points of view seems preferable to you. Give at least three facts and provisions that can serve as arguments confirming your chosen point of view.
- The signing of the Brest-Litovsk Peace was forced measure Soviet government.
- The signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was beneficial for the Bolsheviks, since they were afraid of losing power.
C5. . Compare historical events the revolution of 1905 and the revolution of 1917. Name at least 2 general provisions and at least 3 differences in their activities.
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