Social studies lesson in 11th grade on the topic "Social structure of society"
Goals:
 Educational: explain to students the essence of the social structure of society, types
social groups, modern understanding of social stratification, its influence on the image
life, income, social status of a person; causes of social inequality;


Developmental: to develop the ability to analyze people’s actions in accordance with their
social role, the social structure of any society;
Educational: instill a culture of interpersonal relationships.
Lesson type: Lesson on learning new educational material
Lesson format: lecture with elements of conversation.
Equipment: textbook “Social Studies”.
Lesson plan.
1. Organizational moment. Introduce students to the lesson plan.
2. Social structure. Social groups.
3. Social stratification and differentiation.
4. Criteria for social inequality.
5. Poor sections of society. Middle and upper class.
6. Social mobility.
7. Groups with a specific status.
8. Solving exercises and creative problems (material from the disk is used)
9. Summing up and grading.
10. Homework.
During the lecture, material from the electronic textbook “Social Studies” is used.
Dictionary work is carried out using electronic dictionaries.
1. Social structure - stable, orderly relationships between various
social groups.
A social group is any collection of individuals united by a common interest.
Social groups are divided:
1) by number (large and small).
Small - a family, a team of workers, students of 11 “G”. The big ones are nations, Russian pensioners.
2) by the method of organizing and regulating interaction (formal and informal).
Formal - parties.
Informal - based on interests.
3) to determine the status of a member of society (status groups - classes, layers).
Next, write down the “Social Groups” diagram in your notebook (material from the electronic textbook
"Social science") .
2. Differentiation - stratification expressed in the division of society into lower, middle and higher
layers (classes). There are economic, political and professional differentiation.
Stratification (stratum - layer) is the stratification of society into groups occupying different
position in society.

Social inequality - social conditions, in which people have different access to
social benefits. Social inequality has arisen since the emergence of the first states.
3. Criteria for social inequality:
A) K. Marx: the most important criterion is a person’s possession of property and level of income;
B) M. Weber: subject’s affiliation with political parties and authorities;
B) P. Sorokin: main reason inequalities - uneven distribution of rights, responsibilities,
privileges in society.
It is believed that the basis of the stratification system is natural social
inequality of people. The problem of social stratification is very acute and
controversial in sociology. Many scientists dealt with this problem, among them K. Marx, M.
Weber, P. Sorokin and others. In the process of research, they identified criteria for social
stratification: income, education, power, prestige. Looking at Historical Forms
stratification can be distinguished closed society with low social mobility and
social structure - classes, castes, slavery. AND open society with high social
mobility and class structure of society. In this way, society reproduces
organizes social inequality on several grounds: level of wealth, social
prestige, possession of political power, etc. We can also conclude: all these types
hierarchies are important for society, as they allow regulation of both reproduction
social connections, and direct people’s personal aspirations to acquire significant
status societies. This is how society develops.
Social inequality
A closed social group with its own rights and
inherited responsibilities
Egalitarianism
Stratification
Strata
Slavery
Caste
Estate
Social structure
society
Next we parse the text.
A social group to which a person is required to belong
exclusively to birth
Economic, social and legal form of enslavement
people, bordering on complete lack of rights and extreme
inequalities
Conditions under which people have unequal access to such
social benefits such as money, wealth, power
Utopian theory, reduced to redistribution and equation of private
property based on individual farming
Division of society into strata
A large group of people who differ in their position in the world
social hierarchy of society
The internal structure of society, ordered by certain
norms.
“Inequality” - N. Smelser - modern American sociologist, vice president
International Sociological Association.
Weber identified three components of inequality. He considered them interconnected and yet
independent in significant respects. The first component is wealth inequality.
Wealth means more than just wage; the rich often don't
work, but receive large incomes through property, investment,
real estate or shares and securities. Weber pointed out that representatives of different social
classes - peasants, workers, merchants have unequal opportunities for earning income and
acquisition of goods... However, Weber felt that not everything was about wealth. He revealed the second
component of inequality - groups of people enjoy different degrees of honor and respect and have
unequal prestige: he introduced the concept of “status groups”... But not all status groups consist
only from rich people, they can include people of very different incomes. Wealth plays

important role, but no less important is prestige, which may be completely independent of wealth...
The mafia boss is rich, but his social prestige is minimal (except for his small
groups).
In addition to wealth and prestige, Weber noted a third factor... It is about power, in its own way.
entities of a political nature. Refers to the ability of a person or group
carry out plans, take actions or pursue certain policies even
despite objections from other people and groups. Weber took into account the important role
political parties and groups united by common interests in the formation of a system of power
in society.
Smelser N. Sociology. – M., 1994. – P. 283–284.
Questions and tasks
1. What aspects of inequality are characterized in the text of the fragment? Explain what the point is
each component of inequality in the social structure.
2. What do you think is the cause of social inequality - ability, wealth
or status?
Poverty is a situation in which a person systematically lacks the means to
satisfy your needs. There are absolute and relative poverty (definitions
Students look up these concepts in an electronic dictionary).
The poverty line is the minimum standard of living required for a person to survive. In Russia it is
called the living wage.
Middle and high class (material from the disk is used).
Social mobility is the transition of a person from one social group to another; This
change by an individual or group of social status, place, place occupied in social
structure of society. There are horizontal and vertical mobility.
Horizontal mobility is the transition of a person to a group located in the same social
level as the previous one (remarriage, change of citizenship, transition from 11 “A” to 11 “B”, transition to
new place of work, but for the same position).
Vertical mobility is the movement of an individual from one social group to another,
different in level.
There are two types of vertical mobility – upward and downward. Examples of upward
mobility - the accountant became the chief accountant, the private became an officer. Descending
mobility - the officer was demoted to the rank and file, the engineer - became a foreman at the factory.
Examples of horizontal and vertical mobility brought by students.
Question for students: What events can lead to major social movements?
How to move from one social group to another? After listening to the students' answers, the teacher leads
P. Sorokin’s point of view: the army, school, church (the so-called social
elevators). Guys, what do you think, in our time, can serve as a social elevator?
Groups with specific status:
1. marginals (occupy an intermediate position between stable layers) –
unemployed, disabled people, people without a place of residence, without a certain type of occupation;
moved to the city, but did not adopt the urban lifestyle.
2.
with illegal behavior (convicts, representatives of the criminal world).
3. lumpen (rags translated from French) - tramps, beggars, homeless people. They are called
declassed elements. Declassification is a process as a result of which a person
loses contact with his class and declines morally.
Question for students: guys, give examples of mass marginalization of society from history.
Creative tasks.

Rental block

Social differentiation is the division of society into groups occupying different social positions and differing in the scope and nature of rights, privileges and responsibilities, prestige and influence.

Types of differentiation Economic: Income level; Standard of living; Poor, rich, middle class

Political: Governing and governed; Political leaders and masses Professional: Professions; Type of activity and occupation; Kudos

Social groups are relatively stable collections of people with their own interests, values ​​and norms of behavior that develop within the framework of a historically specific society.

Social groups Large Small Estates; Classes; Social strata; Ethnic communities; Professional groups Family; School class; Sports team; Company of friends; Brigade of workers

Estates are large groups of people distinguished by rights and responsibilities enshrined in custom or law and transmitted by inheritance.

• Princes;
• Clergy;
• Peasants;
• Townspeople;
• Slaves.

Modern theories in describing social structure Class theory (V.I. Lenin) Theory of stratification

Classes are large groups of people that differ:

By place in the system of social production In relation to the means of production (the main feature) By role in the social organization of labor By methods of obtaining and the amount of available public wealth

The theory of the emergence of classes:

Biological Classes exist due to the eternal biological or psychological inequality of people, the biologically inferior inevitably fall into subordination to the strong, chosen ones Distributive Classes exist due to various sources and amounts of income received (rent, profit, salary) Organizational and technical Classes exist due to the division of people into “organizers” and “executors”, i.e. due to their different roles in the social organization of labor Violence The division of society into classes occurred as a result of political, military violence Marxist-Leninist Class division the result of the emergence (in various ways) of private property, which leads to wealth inequality

Stratification theory (strata) - these are social layers that differ:

• By level and source of income;
• By level of education;
• By profession;
• By living conditions;
• By social prestige;
• In terms of quality of life.

Based on: social distribution of labor results (i.e. social benefits)

Option of social stratification Upper class Economic and political elite Middle class Scientists, engineers, managers, lawyers, economists Lower class Manual workers, unemployed, lumpen

Feudal lords These are large landowners. In Russia I call them landowners: Spiritual (clergy class); Secular (noble class). Peasants: As a class feudal society(dependent or serf peasants); As a professional group (workers on the land, farmers). The bourgeoisie (capitalists) is the class of owners of the means of production using hired labor: Owners of manufactories, factories, factories; Merchants; Owners of banks and securities; Owners land. In Russia they are called kulaks (kurkuls). Proletariat (from Greek, deprived of everything) - these are hired workers: Industrial; Rural, or farm laborers; Proletarians of mental labor. Intelligentsia - this is a social stratum, a layer of people of mental labor: Humanitarian; Scientific; Military; Creative; Engineering and technical. Marginalized is a social stratum of people who have fallen out of their traditional social environment (temporarily or forever): Negative (PhD clears snow); Positive (PhD manager). Lumpens (paupers) - these are people without a specific place of residence, without permanent income, without permanent occupation (homeless people, beggars, poor people).

Social mobility is the transition of people from one social group to another.

Social mobility Horizontal Vertical This is a transition to a group of the same level This is a transition from one level of the social hierarchy (ladder) to another Moving from one city to another, remarriage, etc. Up: from a worker to a factory owner Down: from a factory owner to an employee manager

The higher the social mobility, the more open the society is.

Social elevators are social mechanisms, moving people from one social class to another.

Social elevators (P. Sorokin)Army Church School (education)G. K. Zhukov, Napoleon, J. Washington Patriarch Nikon, Pope Gregory VIIM. V. Lomonosov, M. Luther Additional social elevators Means mass media(media)Party or social activity Marriage with representatives of the upper classA. Kashpirovsky, A. RazinA. Hitler, J.V. Stalin, C. de Gaulle P. Kovaleva-Zhemchugova, Catherine I

Social structure is internal organization society, a set of interconnected and interacting human communities and relationships between them.

Social relations are diverse connections between social groups, classes, nations, as well as within them, in the process of economic, social, political, cultural life and activity.

Nomenklatura is a privileged, dominant and ruling, exploitative class that exercises dictatorship in hierarchical societies and owns collective property.

Bureaucracy is a special social group of officials who carry out state power.

Elite is the highest, privileged layer (layers) of the social structure of society, implementing state, socio-economic and cultural policies.

Types of elites Political Economic Intellectual Exercises power and organizes public administration Influences the authorities with material resources, participates in decision-making Develops science and culture, has an ideological and moral influence on the authorities

Society. Social science. Consciousness and activity. Spiritual life of society. Socialization of personality. Politics and political culture. Law and legal culture. Economy. Basic definitions and concepts in condensed content. Summary.

We have the largest information database in RuNet, so you can always find similar queries

§1. SOCIAL STRUCTURE AND SOCIAL RELATIONS

Goals and objectives: 1) introduce three types of social stratification, social mobility, show what social “elevators” contribute to a person’s social movements, identify trends in the development of social relations for various groups; 2) develop the ability to carry out a comprehensive search, systematize social information on a topic, compare, analyze, draw conclusions, and rationally solve cognitive and problematic problems; participate in discussions, work with documents; 3) form an attitude towards the problems of social inequality.

Equipment: diagrams, package of documents.

Type of lessons: introductory lesson.

Lesson Plan

1. Social stratification.
2. Social stratification according to K. Marx and M. Weber.
3. Social mobility and social “elevators”.
4. Lumpens and outcasts.
5. Trends in the development of social relations.

1. Social stratification

Society consists of various groups.The division of society into groups is calledsocial differentiation.

1. In all societies without exception, even at the stage primitive society, social stratification or social differentiation is observed. 2. At subsequent stages of development, social stratification became more complicated and became more and more obvious. 3. Differences in groups are expressed in their unequal access to economic resources. 4. Differences in groups are reflected in their unequal access to political power. 5. Differences in groups are reflected in their unequal access to education and other social benefits.)

Reasons for inequality:1. Differences in innate abilities. 2. Differences in attitude towards work. 3. Discrimination in the labor market. 4. Property differences. 5. Luck and misfortune, etc.)

Currently biga group of people in a certain position is called stratum (layer), and a set of vertically arranged social layers –social stratification.

It is customary to distinguish the following types of social stratification:

• economic stratification (expressed in differences in income, living standards, the existence of rich, poor and middle layers of the population);
• political stratification (dividing society into managers and governed, political leaders and the masses);
• professional stratification (identification of different groups in society according to their type of activity, occupation).

2. Social stratification according to K. Marx, M. Weber and from the point of view of other sociologists

Social structure according to K. Marx: Main form social stratification →

social class.

The main class-forming feature → relationships

ownership of the means of production.

Conclusion: Objective, primarily economic, factors determine the class stratification of society.

Social structure according to M. Weber

Type of stratification based on power

Social stratification from the point of view of modern sociologists

Therefore, analyzing the differences between stratification and class approaches to the analysis of social structure, we can identify the following criteria for identifying social groups that are used in one case or another.

The strata differ:	The classes differ:
By income level; The main features of the lifestyle; Inclusion in power structures; Property relations; Social prestige; Self-assessment of your position in society.	By place in the system of social production; Attitude to the means of production; Roles in the social organization of labor; According to the methods and amounts of wealth obtained.

3. Social mobility and social “elevators”

People are in constant motion, and society is in development. The totality of social movements of people in society is calledsocial mobility.

Social mobility (lat. mobilis - mobile) - the movement of groups or individuals in the social structure of society, a change in their status.

Mobility classification

Vertical – movement upward (upward mobility) or downward (downward mobility) on the socio-economic scale, associated with a change in place in the social hierarchy.	Horizontal – geographical movement between regions, cities, etc. or change of positions at the same socio-economic level, i.e. without changing status (“professional careerism”).
Individual – movements down, up or horizontally occur in each person independently of others.	Group – displacements occur collectively (for example, after a social revolution old class yields dominant positions to a new class).
Intergenerational – comparative change in social status among different generations (for example, the son of a worker becomes an engineer).	Intragenerational– change in status within one generation (people, as a rule, achieve a new status through their own efforts).
Organized – the movements of a person or entire groups up, down or horizontally are controlled by the state: with the consent of the people themselves, or without their consent.	Structural – caused by changes in the structure of the economy and occurs beyond the will and consciousness of individual individuals (for example, the disappearance or reduction of industries or professions leads to the displacement of large masses of people).

The paths along which people move from one social group to another are called channels social mobility, or social “elevators”.

These include: social status of the family; getting an education; physical and mental capacity, external data of a person; receiving education; changing of the living place; military service; marriage.

Group mobility is influenced by social revolutions, foreign interventions, interstate and civil wars, military coups, changes in political regimes, creation of empires, etc.

4. Lumpens and outcasts. These two groups of the population seem to fall out of the stable social structure of society.

Lumpen - translated as “rags” (people who have sunk to the bottom of life)

Tramps Beggars Homeless

– A breeding ground for extremist organizations

Marginal - translated as “located on the edge”→ Groups occupying an intermediate position between stable communities

Channels of marginalization:

Migration Wars Revolutions Natural disasters

What is the danger to society?

These layers strive for a “steady hand”,

create the basis for anti-democratic regimes

Exceptions: Often people from these groups are entrepreneurial

5. Trends in the development of social relations

• Social structure is subject to change.
• Most stable social structure in traditional societies that still exist today.
• Societies that have entered the era of industrialization and modernization are distinguished by high social dynamics.
• In Western countries, the main trend is the growth of a new middle class, which makes societies more politically stable.
• The industrial working class is shrinking.
• The number of independent peasants (farmers) is decreasing.
• Under the influence of scientific and technological revolution, the importance of highly qualified mental labor is increasing.
• Unemployment continues to be a pressing problem.
• The state has a certain regulatory impact on social relations.

Homework: §1, complete the assignments.

Pirogov Sergey Ivanovich

MOAU "Secondary School No. 10" Buzuluk, Orenburg Region

History and Social Studies Teacher

Methodological development of a social studies lesson

in 11th grade “Social Relations”.

C spruce lesson: formation of skills to complete tasks of parts A, B, C of the Unified State Economyreplacement(VDuring the lesson, students independently complete tasks using cards,strengthen skills in working with educational texts, answersin test tasksverified using the mutual verification method).

Tasks:

Educational : repeat, generalize and consolidate students’ knowledge O formation of social groups, their classification; consolidate skills in working with educational texts;

Developmental : to develop the ability to analyze people’s actions in accordance with their social role

Educational : instill a culture of interpersonal relationships

During the classes.

Organizing time.(2 minutes.)

I want to start our lesson with this parable:

"Three people are dragging heavy stones into the city. Sweat is rolling off all three of them.

One was asked:

What are you doing?

I'm dragging this damned burden into the city.

The second one was asked:

What are you doing?

“I earn bread for myself and my family,” he answered cheerfully.

The third answered the same question, smiling:

I am building a wonderful temple that will last for centuries for the joy of people."

(Well, the moral of this parable is this: you need to work so that your work brings joy to both you and those around you; in class, you need to realize the need for the knowledge you gain, which will be useful to you when passing exams, or during the rest of your life, and then the tasks will not seem so difficult).

Guys, today we have a final lesson on the topic “Social Relations” and I wish us all to work very fruitfully in this lesson.

Completing tasks.

Warm-up “Smart Leaf”

A sheet of paper is passed along three columns from the last desk, on which each student must write one concept from the topic “Social Relations.” The column that does it faster and more accurately than the others wins.

We remembered the terms from our big topic, what do you guys think, what is the purpose of today's lesson? (Remember the meaning of these terms, consolidate knowledge on this topic and continue develop skills in completing Unified State Examination tasks).

So let's start with the hardest part, Part C.

1.Working with text. (Tasks C1-C4 ) - (10 min.) :

Read the text and complete the tasks.

Group affiliation

In social psychology, a group is understood as two or more individuals who have common goals and stable relationships, and are also to some extent interdependent on each other and perceive themselves as part of this group... At one end of the scale there are groups consisting of people who work together for many years. It is obvious that they satisfy all the conditions of the definition. At the other end are people who have only short-term relationships with each other...

People join social groups for various reasons. First of all, groups help to satisfy important psychological or social problems, such as the need for attention and love, and a sense of belonging. These are subtle but very important needs: imagine living in complete social isolation! You wouldn't mind it at first, but you would end up feeling terribly lonely.

Groups help us achieve goals that we could not achieve alone. By collaborating with others, we are able to accomplish tasks that one person could not accomplish... Belonging to a group often provides us with knowledge and information that would otherwise be unavailable to us...

Finally, group membership contributes to the formation of a positive social identity, which becomes part of the self- concept." And what larger number prestigious groups with limited access to which a person was able to join, the more his “I-concept” is strengthened.

R. Baron (American psychologist)

Guys, pay attention to the instructions for working with text that are in front of you, use them in your work.

Reminder for working with text (C1 – C4).

Read the text carefully. Remember: the answer or hint is contained in the text.

Relate the text to the course you have studied. This will help you build on already known information.

Determine the main idea.

Answer the questions in order (“from simple to complex”) The answer to the first question can serve as the basis for the next one.

Read the question carefully, trying to understand the task completely.

Answer the question exactly.

Don’t lose sight of what you need to rely on when answering: text, personal experience, course material.

Give a clear, clear, logically connected answer.

Do not stop at any part of the task and avoid incomplete answers.

Do not resort to excessive generalizations and interpretation of the author’s text where the task does not require it.

Once you have formulated your answer, check if it is correct. To do this, go back to the text and look for key words and phrases that support your conclusions.

Group 1 – make a plan for the text (break the text into semantic parts and come up with headings for them).

Group 2 - C1. Name the characteristics of a social group indicated in the text.

C2. Highlight the reasons given by the author for uniting people into groups. Give three reasons.

Group 3 - NW. Analyze such a group as passengers on the same flight from the point of view of the presence or absence of the main characteristics of a social group. Be specific about one of your conclusions.

C4. How do you understand the position put forward by the author about the role of the group in the formation of the “I-concept” (the image of “I”)? Answer this question using your knowledge from your social studies course.

Answers: C1

Signs of social groups:

Having a common goal;

Having a stable relationship;

The interdependence of people on each other;

People's awareness of belonging to the same group.

Answers: C2

Reasons for organizing people into groups:

Help satisfy important psychological or social problems, such as the need for attention and love, a sense of belonging;

Help in achieving a number of goals;

Provide information.

Answers: C3 (Passengers on the same flight)

1) This group is characterized by a common goal - to reach its destination safely.

2) There may be interdependence. For example, if someone stands in the aisle, others will not be able to pass.

3) Interaction may occur. It is not sustainable: after the flight is completed, it stops.

4) As a rule, passengers do not perceive themselves as part of a single group.

Answers: C4

“I-concept” is the totality of a person’s ideas about himself. By entering a prestigious group, a person transfers its importance to himself. As a result, joining a prestigious group increases a person's self-esteem.

2.Work with concepts (Task C5) – (7 min.). What meaning do social scientists give to the concept of “social status”? Using knowledge from the social science course, compose two sentences containing information about social status.

We will complete this task a little differently: Unite in groups of 4-5 people, each group is given a set of words. Your task is to compile a definition of a social science term from them. It is necessary to use all the proposed words, changing their case.

1. Process, and, with, in, roles, norms, development, functioning, individual, goal, social, assimilation, social, successful, socialization, society.

2. Social, their, or, in, movement, groups, individuals, social, structure, society, change, mobility, statuses.

3.Norms, in, between, society, rules, behavior, established, regulating, social, relationships, people.

4. Stratification, by, and, on, level, volume, division, education, groups, power, society, various, social, income, social, prestige.

5. Society, in, with, in, and, correspondence, social, position, person, gender, which, he, his, age, status, origin, occupies, profession.

6. Small, community, based on, and, and, blood, kinship, mutual, social, responsibility, everyday life, marriage, group, family.

Answer (on screen):

1. Socialization is the process of mastering social roles and assimilating social norms individual for the purpose of successful functioning in society.

2. Social mobility – movement of groups or individuals in the social structure of society, changing their statuses.

3. Social norms are rules of behavior established in society that regulate relationships between people.

4. Social stratification - the division of society into various social groups according to level of income, education, amount of power, privileges and prestige.

5. Social status is the position of a person in society, which he occupies in accordance with his age, gender, origin and profession.

6. A family is a small social group based on marriage and consanguinity, mutual responsibility and community of life.

3.3a task that requires analysis of the information presented . (Tasks C-7) – (7 min.):

1) At the end of the 19th century in Russia, many peasants, going broke, moved to the city and took unskilled jobs in factories. Life in the city was uncomfortable for them, since they, having ceased to be peasants, in fact, never became city dwellers, workers.

What type of social groups can these people be classified as?

Name two characteristics that this social group has.

Answer: 1) these people can be classified as marginal (occupy an intermediate position between stable strata) - unemployed, disabled, people without a place of residence, without a certain type of occupation; moved to the city, but did not adopt the urban lifestyle.

2) signs: migration to a new foreign environment; incomplete social movement, loss of previous status, and a new one has not yet been acquired.

2) In one of the first codes of laws Kievan Rus- "Russkaya Pravda" - various punishments for murder are provided. Thus, the fine for killing a tiun (steward) was enormous: it was equal to the value of a herd of 80 oxen or 400 rams. The life of a stinker or serf was valued many times less.

Draw three possible conclusions about the social relations of society at that time and the ways they were regulated.

Answer: 1) in the society of the times of Kievan Rus, order is regulated by legal norms (code of laws “Russian Truth”)

2) society was divided into layers (categories were named - tiun, smerd, serf)

3) there was inequality of social groups (the life of a serf was valued many times cheaper than the life of a tiun)

3) After graduating from technical college, the young man got a job as a consultant at a computer manufacturing company. After some time, he entered advanced training courses. Changes also occurred in his personal life: he married the daughter of the company’s co-owner. The completion of his studies coincided with his appointment as the chief manager of the enterprise.

An illustration of what social process Can this plot serve?

What factors played a decisive role here? What are they called in sociology?

Answer: 1) this is a manifestation of upward vertical social mobility.

2) factors played a role in this: graduation from college, advanced training, advantageous marriage

3) these are elevators (channels) of social mobility.

4.Complete tasks of part B – (6 min.).

From part B we will take only task B for today’s lesson 5, which has been amended since this year. The total number of judgments given in the task condition increases from four to five. You must distribute them among three, instead of the previous two, groups: judgments-facts, judgments-evaluations and theoretical statements.

Tasks on the screen, write the answer on the board (one person per group).

1 option

B5.

(A) More and more more people in the world use mobile phones: They not only make or answer calls, but also correspond via SMS messages.(B) The habit of communicating using short simple texts can lead to a person forgetting how to talk heart to heart, delve into the intonations of the interlocutor and sympathize with him.(IN) In a number of European countries, dozens of phone users have been diagnosed with SMS addiction.(G) Dependence is a human condition in which a given action becomes unconscious and necessary.(D) Specialists from the bad habits department of one of the clinics recorded that people suffering from this disease can write SMS messages for seven or more hours a day.

Determine which provisions of the text are:

1) factual nature;
2) the nature of value judgments.
3) the nature of theoretical statements
How will we determine? Actual character have judgments that are a description of events that have already occurred, established and proven.

Value judgments include the opinion of the author, they contain doubts, or the events described have not yet occurred.

Theoretical statement is an explanation of a term or phenomenon public life.
Answers: 12131

Option 2

AT 5. Read the text below, each position of which is indicated by a specific letter.

(A) The capital hosted the next International Festival of Design, Decorative and Applied Arts and Folk Arts.(B) Today, decorative art includes various arts that serve to decorate works of architecture and landscape art.(IN) This year the festival received a topical focus and became more modern.(G) The level of submitted work has increased significantly.(D) The previously existing gap between “medal” projects and all others could not be considered acceptable. Determine which provisions of the text are:

1) factual nature;
2) the nature of value judgments.

3) the nature of theoretical statements

Write down in the table under the letter indicating the position a number expressing its character.
Answers: 13222.

Option 3.

Answers: 12332

5. Test, mutual verification. (Part A) – (12 min.)

1 option

Social differentiation is manifested in:

loss of stability in society;

division of society into groups occupying different social positions;

lack of benefits and privileges for certain social groups;

strengthening the position of the financial oligarchy.

In Marxist theory, the main sign of class affiliation is:

the amount of income received;

Nature of activity;

form of income received;

attitudes towards ownership of the means of production.

Downward social mobility includes:

transition from military to civilian service;

moving from the city to the countryside;

transition from leadership position for ordinary work;

transition from state enterprise to quotient.

Marginalized people are

social groups occupying an intermediate position between stable communities;

people from different classes who have sunk to the bottom of society;

the low-wage proletariat;

ruined bourgeois.

5. The growth of the middle class in many countries:

1. reduces social differentiation, makes society more stable;

2. leads to stagnation, impedes social mobility;

3. undermines the position of the upper strata of society;

4. increases social inequality.

6. The main features of a patriarchal family do not include:

1. the dominant position of the father of the family;

2. limiting the role of a woman to the functions of a mother and housewife;

3. unquestioning submission of the younger to the elder;

4. mandatory separation of mature children from their parents.

7 . Does not include the following ethnic groups:

1. tribe;

2. class;

3. nationality;

4. nation.

8. The condition for resolving a national conflict is:

1. providing compactly living national minorities with broad autonomy and self-government;

2. transition to market methods of farming;

4. forced relocation of people to other areas.

9 . The social status of an individual is determined by:

1. worldview;

2. party affiliation;

3. social origin;

4. religious views.

10

1. increasing one’s own social status;

2. more high level life in the future;

3. the opportunity to receive a certain minimum of medical services free of charge;

4. an equal share of social wealth with others.

Option 2.

Social differentiation means:

division of society into groups occupying different social positions;

the transformation of the middle class into the largest social group;

strengthening social control over various social groups;

the emergence of new political parties.

According to the distribution theory of A. Smith, classes do not include:

land owners;

non-production workers;

capital owners;

workers.

Social mobility is

the transition of people from one social group to another;

the opportunity to travel around the country and abroad;

rapid social change;

equality of opportunity for all members of society.

4. Increasing the status of an individual within a social group is an example of: 1. vertical social mobility;

2. horizontal social mobility;

3. social mobility, only if the individual changed his territory of residence or work;

4. not related to social mobility.

5 . The middle class does not include:

1. petty and middle bourgeoisie;

2. financially secure representatives of the intelligentsia;

3. unskilled workers;

4. middle managers.

6. « Social role» -

1. the degree of influence of an individual in a social group or in society;

2. a set of things learned and performed by a person social functions and corresponding patterns of behavior;

3. the position of a person in society, occupied by him in accordance with age, gender, origin, profession, marital status;

4. assessment by society or a social group of the social significance of certain positions occupied by people.

7 . Nation as an element of the social structure of society:

1. belongs to the number of social class communities;

2. belongs to the number of socio-demographic communities;

3. belongs to the number of socio-ethnic communities;

4. does not belong to the number of social communities.

8 . Clan and tribe as types of ethnic communities most closely correspond to:

1. capitalism;

2. feudalism;

3. slave system;

4. primitive communal system.

9 . The definition of which concept is given below? “An assessment by society or a social group of the social significance of certain positions occupied by people.”

2. prestige;

3. status;

4. social role.

10 . A civilized society is designed to guarantee a person:

1. an equal share of social wealth with others;

2. prosperity and success in professional activity;

3. life longevity;

4. the opportunity to receive secondary education.

Mutual check (swap notebooks, take a simple pencil)

Answers on screen: Option 1. 1-2, 2-4, 3-3, 4-1, 5-1, 6-4, 7-2, 8-1, 9-3, 10-3

Option 2. 1-1, 2-2, 3-1, 4-1, 5-3,6-2,7-3,8-4,9-2,10-4

9-10 points – “5”

6-8 points – “4”

4-5 points – “3”

3.Homework. (2 minutes.)In front of you is a memo “Algorithm for writing an essay.” Based on this memo, write an essay at home

"Take your place and position, and everyone will recognize it."

R. Emerson. (19th century American poet and philosopher)

Essay writing algorithm:

1. Carefully read all the topics (statements) proposed for writing an essay.

2. Choose one that will meet several requirements:

a) is interesting to you;

b) you generally understood the meaning of this statement;

c) you have something to say on this topic (you know the terms, you can give examples, you have personal experience, etc.)

3. Determine the main idea of ​​the statement (what is it about?), to do this, use the technique of periphrasis (say the same thing, but in your own words).

4. Sketch out arguments for and/or against this statement using a rough draft. If you collect arguments both for and against an aphorism taken as a topic, your essay may be polemical in nature.

5. For each argument, select examples, facts, situations from life, from literature.

6. Look again at the selected illustrations: did you use your knowledge of the subject in them (terms, facts of social life, for an essay on law - knowledge of modern legislation, etc.).

7. Think about what literary devices you will use to make the language of your essay more interesting and lively (comparisons, analogies, epithets, etc.).

8. Distribute the selected arguments and/or counterarguments in sequence. This will be your conditional plan.

9. Come up with an introduction to the argument (you can write in it why you chose this statement, immediately define your position, ask your question to the author of the quote, etc.).

10. State your point of view in the sequence that you have outlined.

11. Formulate the general conclusion of the work and, if necessary, edit it.

We are talking about the social status of the individual, the ways to achieve it, and the recognition of the individual by society. R. Emerson believes that the social status corresponding to a person will definitely be recognized by society. It's up to you to accept this position or disagree with it. In any case, you must use the key sociological terms for this topic, find examples that confirm your thought, and use them to justify your position.

Evaluation of students' work in the lesson. (1 min.) The lesson is over. Thank you for your attention and your work.

Social structure is a fairly constant interconnection of social elements, for example, the social class structure of society. Social structure of society is a relatively constant pattern of social classifications in a particular society, for example, the social structure of modern Russian society.

The main elements of the social structure of society: social groups, social strata, social communities and social institutions are interconnected by social relations, the bearers of which are people. There is also a classification that distinguishes such components of the social structure of society as: estates, castes, classes.

11. Social connections and relationships.

Social connection- a social action expressing the dependence and compatibility of people or groups. This is a set of special dependencies of some social subjects on others, their mutual relationships that unite people into corresponding social communities and indicate their collective existence. This is a concept that denotes any sociocultural responsibilities of individuals or groups of individuals relative to each other.

Social relations- these are relatively stable connections between individuals and social groups, due to their unequal position in society and role in public life

The subjects of social relations are various social communities and individuals

1 - social relations of socio-historical communities (between countries, classes, nations, social groups, city and countryside);

2 - social relations between public organizations, institutions and work collectives;

3 - social relations in the form of interpersonal interaction and communication within work groups

There are different types of social relations:

by the scope of power: horizontal relations and vertical relations;

by degree of regulation: formal (certified) and informal;

by the way individuals communicate: impersonal or indirect, interpersonal or direct;

for subjects of activity: between organizational, intra-organizational;

by level of fairness: fair and unfair

The basis of the differences between social relations are motives and needs, the main of which are primary and secondary needs

As a result of the contradiction of social relations, social conflict becomes one of the forms of social interaction

12. Social groups: essence and classification.

Social group is a collection of individuals interacting in a certain way based on the shared expectations of each group member regarding the others.

In this definition, one can see two essential conditions necessary for a collection to be considered a group: 1) the presence of interactions between its members; 2) the emergence of shared expectations of each group member regarding its other members. A social group is characterized by a number of specific characteristics:

stability, duration of existence;

certainty of composition and boundaries;

a common system of values ​​and social norms;

awareness of one’s belonging to a given social community;

the voluntary nature of the association of individuals (for small social groups);

association of individuals external conditions existence (for large social groups);

the ability to enter as elements into other social communities.

Social group– a relatively stable set of people connected by common relationships, activities, their motivation and norms Classification of groups, as a rule, is based on the subject area of ​​analysis, in which the main feature that determines the stability of a given group formation is identified. Seven main classification features:

based on ethnicity or race;

based on the level of cultural development;

based on the types of structure that exist in groups;

based on the tasks and functions performed by the group in wider communities;

based on the prevailing types of contacts between group members;

based various types connections existing in groups;

on other principles.

13. Social institutions: essence, typology, functions.

Social Institute– a historically established stable form of organizing joint activities and relationships between people, performing socially significant functions.

Typology social institutions can be compiled based on the idea that each institution satisfies one or another fundamental social need. Five fundamental social needs (for the reproduction of the family; for security and social order; for obtaining a means of subsistence; for the socialization of the younger generation; for solving spiritual problems) correspond to five basic social institutions: the institution of the family, the political institution (state), the economic institution (production) , education, religion.

Function of consolidation and reproduction public relations. Each social institution is created in response to the emergence of a certain social need in order to develop certain standards of behavior among its members.

The adaptation function lies in the fact that the functioning of social institutions in society ensures adaptability and adaptability of society to the changing conditions of internal and external environment– both natural and social.

The integrative function is that the social institutions existing in society, through their actions, norms, and regulations, ensure interdependence, mutual responsibility, solidarity and cohesion of their constituent individuals and/or all members of a given society.

The communicative function lies in the fact that information (scientific, artistic, political, etc.) produced in one social institution is distributed both within this institution and beyond, in interaction between institutions and organizations operating in society.

The socializing function is manifested in the fact that social institutions play a decisive role in the formation and development of the individual, in his assimilation of social values, norms and roles, in the orientation and realization of his social status.

The regulatory function is embodied in the fact that social institutions, in the process of their functioning, ensure the regulation of interactions between individuals and social communities through the development of certain norms and standards of behavior, a system of rewards for the most effective actions that correspond to the norms, values, expectations of society or community, and sanctions (punishments ) for actions that deviate from these values ​​and norms.