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Purpose and advantages of wood chipping equipment

The problem with the disposal of substandard material exists at all logging and wood processing enterprises. Wood chipping equipment allows you to solve the issue of freeing the territory from industrial waste and increase profitability by obtaining additional profit from the sale of recycled products.

When working with any type of wood, waste is generated in the form of branches, slats, slabs and scraps various shapes obtained in the manufacture of lumber. Garbage disposal is a costly and time-consuming procedure, an alternative to which is practical way use of crushing equipment. Machines grind substandard into chips or sawdust desired faction providing raw materials for sale or own production:

• chipboard, plywood, fiberboard, wood concrete;
• fuel briquettes and pellets;
• pulp, paper and cardboard products.

Fine-grained chips and sawdust in agriculture used as bedding for livestock, for plant protection and soil fertilization. Chopped wood has a good filtration capacity and provides high-quality biochemical water purification from insoluble compounds. Larger waste is required for the operation of boilers, pyrolysis ovens and gas generators.

Principle of operation and classification of devices

Depending on the technological features wood processing equipment crushes material with disc-shaped knives, drums, hammers or chips. The torches are driven by a motor that runs on electricity or liquid fuel. To collect wood chips or sawdust, a special tank is provided in the design. The division into professional and semi-professional devices is based on specifications, which determine the capabilities of the machine in the processing of material different sizes.

Installations are classified:

• by type of working body;
• method of loading raw materials;
• geometric parameters of the processed material;
• power level and maintenance complexity.

For the disposal of waste with medium-sized parts are usually used drum devices, and the processing of large wood residues is carried out on machines with a disk organ. Hammer mill and chipper are well suited for producing material of a certain shape, which in the first case has a rectangular outline, and in the second case it is needle chips. The advantages of shredders include the ability to process waste with the presence of metal inclusions into a homogeneous mass.

All photos from the article

The recycling problem wood waste acutely stands in front of many summer residents. Its most optimal solution is a wood chipper that can turn any branches into shavings, which can then be sent to compost pit. Of course, wood chipping equipment is very expensive, however, you can make it yourself, this article is devoted to this topic.

General information

The wood chipping machine allows you to forget about the need to kindle fires to burn cut tree branches, tops, roots, stems, etc. With it, you can quickly process all this waste into chips and shavings, which are excellent material for compost or even fuel for solid fuel boilers.

Thus, home-made wood shredders allow you to solve several problems at once:

• Waste disposal;
• Saving space on the site;
• Provision of compost pit material;
• Fuel supply for the winter;

A do-it-yourself wood chipper is quite simple to do, and you don’t need to invent anything. It is only necessary to accurately recreate the design according to the available drawings and diagrams.

Chopper device

Before starting work, it is necessary to understand how wood shredders are arranged and wood materials. Otherwise, it will simply not work to assemble the car.

The design is extremely simple, and consists of the following elements:

• frame;
• Engine ;
• Shaft with cutting elements;
• receiving compartment;
• Protective cover .

The principle of operation of the apparatus is as follows:

• The engine through a chain or belt drive rotates a shaft with cutting elements.
• When wood waste enters the receiving box, the cutting elements chop them, turning them into small chips.
• Next, the chips move in the housing and exit from the other side of the device.

In general, a wood shredder resembles an ordinary meat grinder.

Below are the finished drawings, which, if necessary, can be corrected at your discretion.

Also quite common is the design with circular saws as knives. It is also quite simple in execution, but at the same time quite effective.

Details

To make your own disc grinder, you will need the following parts:

• profile pipe;
• Sheet of metal to create a disk;
• Sheet metal 2 mm thick to create a receiving compartment and a protective shell.

The price of all these parts is quite affordable, and you can buy them at the auto parts market or at an agricultural equipment store.

As for the equipment, to assemble the device you will need:

• Welding machine;
• Bulgarian;
• Electric drill.

So, the instruction for the manufacture of this design looks like this:

• First, a frame is made from profile pipe.
• Next, an axle should be welded to the frame, on which wheels can be put on.
• Then the engine is installed inside the frame.
• Behind the engine is a reflective shield with a hole for the shaft.
• After that, several small slots must be made in the disk to fix the knives.
• Then you need to assemble the disk and install it on the shaft.
• Next, a casing with a receiving compartment should be made from sheet metal and installed on the grinder.

In the photo - an example of a finished disc wood chipper

• At the end of the work, a handle should be welded to the frame, which will allow you to conveniently move the device around the site.

This completes the manufacturing process of the device. It remains to connect it to electricity and check it in action.

Advice!
Knives for the apparatus can be made from automobile springs.
To do this, you need to cut off the plates of a suitable length, sharpen and make holes in them for attaching to the disk.

By the same principle, you can make a gasoline wood chipper. The only thing is that it will be larger. In addition, the engine controls should be made on the handle.

Conclusion

Having experience working with metal, it will not be difficult to make a wood waste shredder on your own. If there is no such experience, then the main parts can be ordered in a locksmith's workshop. However, in any case, all the costs and troubles are incomparable with the benefits that this unit bears.

Get to know some additional information on the topic voiced, you can from the video in this article.

A wood chipper will become a reliable assistant in the processing of various wood waste. Its use will make it possible to process the remains of wood into chips, which can then be used to make fuel pellets and chipboard.

Tree chopper - design and principle of operation of the unit

The design of the crusher consists of several important parts. The device of the machine contains:

• Support frame;
• Engine;
• Shaft on which the cutting elements are installed;
• A shell that protects the operator from fragments;
• Bunker for receiving timber.

Despite the minimum number of parts, the wood chipper is a fairly massive unit, so many models are additionally equipped with wheels to facilitate the transport of the machine around the site. The motor of the unit is connected to the shaft with a chain or belt.

According to the principle of operation, a wood chipper is very similar to an ordinary one. electric meat grinder. When the device is turned on, the motor starts, which drives the shaft and cutter. The wood is placed in a receiving hopper, and, passing deep into the structure, crumble into small chips. Recycled wood is thrown outside or inside a special bin for receiving recycled raw materials.

Classification of wood shredders

Each forest shredder belongs to a certain class of aggregates. All economic machines of this kind are divided according to their mechanism of action and type of motor. On modern market You can find the following types of units:

• Disc Tree Crusher - This machine is best suited for processing round tree trunks. As a result, the owner receives high-quality medium-sized chips, which are later used to create plywood and chipboard;
• The drum chopper is a fairly large design, which is also used to process round trunks. As a result, the chips are larger, and therefore not suitable for the manufacture of building materials;
• Hammer crusher - used for processing wood chips obtained after grinding in machines of the first two types. Further finished product used in the manufacture of high-quality fiberboard;
• Shredder-shredder - is operated for the purpose of processing wood with nails and screws. The result is a low quality chip.

The machine is also divided among themselves by the type of motor. On sale you can find a wood shredder into sawdust, running on gasoline or powered by electricity. The first option is well suited for the processing of coarse waste. The second type can be taken to the country for grinding small branches and branches.

Shredder of bushes and trees - features of the choice of the unit

There are a number of important criteria to consider when purchasing a wood chipper. They will give you the opportunity to choose a machine that is ideal for specific tasks.

When choosing a unit, consider:

• The tasks that the device should solve - when buying a machine, decide what raw materials it will process. For processing small branches and branches, a mini wood chipper is suitable, and for larger wood, it is worth buying a wood chipper;
• Type of fuel used - you need to determine which fuel will be less costly for you. Based on this, you can choose a model that runs on gasoline or from the mains;
• Motor power - the engine of the unit is designed for a certain load. If it is exceeded, the chopper may break. Therefore, it is necessary to correctly calculate the volume and duration of work.

Often, experts advise paying attention to the country of origin of the car. Aggregates Russian production, as a rule, are cheaper than their imported counterparts, but almost as good as they are in terms of quality and reliability.

Wood chipper in tyrsu - how to do it yourself?

Anyone who has experience with a lathe and electrical equipment can make a wood chipper. For work, you will need to purchase a motor with a power of at least 3 kW, sheet steel for the manufacture of the case, knives and fasteners.
It is extremely important to familiarize yourself with the drawings before work. They will help prevent unwanted mistakes and get the job done faster.

Be sure to make sure that the knives used are correctly positioned on the shaft and are of high quality sharpened. It is best to use a 2-shaft design, in which the knives are mounted on shafts connected to each other by metal plates. The further work algorithm is as follows:

1. Divide the profile pipe into 4 segments, two of which are 80 cm long and the other two are 40 cm each;
2. Connect these segments to each other in the form of a rectangle. TO bottom surface fix the wheel stands;
3. Make a receiving hopper by connecting 4 metal plates for this by welding. Unscrew the upper and lower edges by 5 cm, so that the upper one goes inward, and the lower one goes out of the structure;
4. Install the chopping drum by screwing or welding it to the housing;
5. Install the motor and run the belt to the gears on the shafts;
6. Next, install a bin for receiving recycled wood on the device.

This kind of chipper is able to serve for a long time. You can use it to process branches, twigs, small and medium wooden beams.

Usually people come to the dacha not to rest, but to work. But even such work seems not so difficult far from the bustle of the city. Especially if you have thought about everything and acquired the necessary country equipment. If not, then this article is just for you. Let's talk about how to assemble a wood chipper yourself and what you need for this. There is nothing complicated, in fact, you will need a little tool, material and, of course, patience.

General information and information

We can say with confidence that such a grinder is a double benefit for the owner. Why? - you ask. Firstly, there is no need to kindle large fires and drag branches to them. Secondly, the resulting chips can be used in the future. For what purpose? Heating, flooring for poultry and much more. As for how to make a wood chipper with your own hands, then there is no need to invent a bicycle. We just take the drawings of a factory product and try to replicate it in our workshop using the materials available to us. It is worth noting that if you buy factory equipment, then it will cost a lot.

Beginning of work

The first step is to take care of the manufacture of the cutting disc. It must be strong and massive, installed in the machine body. In addition, the design provides for a powerful drive that will rotate the knives.

As a basis for the disc, we take a metal circle with a diameter of about 30 cm and a thickness of 1.6 cm. It is on it that the knives will be attached, it will also act as a flywheel in our car. If a suitable disk cannot be found, then we are looking for an old wheel, clutch, etc. As a last resort, order ready product. In the center of the wheel we make a groove and a hole. Cut out slits along the edges. Their number must correspond to the number of knives on the disk.

Homemade wood chipper

Next important step- processing of the place for the installation of knives. Regardless of their number, the holes are arranged symmetrically. As for fastening, it is best to use hex bolts with a countersunk head. During attachment, they are easier to hold, as a result long-term operation no destruction occurs mounting hole, which is extremely important. Next, it is necessary to mount a radial bar on the opposite side of the installed knives. It is needed to push out the chips obtained as a result of processing.

Now you can begin to manufacture the body of the unit. It must be made of steel with a thickness of at least 5-6 mm. From the sheet it is necessary to cut two identical parts. They are a circle, the diameter of which is 5 cm larger than the diameter of the flywheel. To make a narrow wall, you need to bend a sheet of metal so that it repeats the section of the side walls. It is important to ensure that the flywheel can rotate freely. In principle, we have almost made a wood chipper with our own hands, there are a few strokes left.

Unit body assembly

On this stage we can not do without the presence of a welding machine. If you do not know how to use it, it is advisable to invite a specialist, friend or acquaintance. At the first stage, the side wall is welded to the back. After that, check if the gap between the flywheel and the walls is set correctly. In case of an error, you will have to do everything all over again, which is quite laborious. If everything is done correctly, then we weld the entire structure. This must be done carefully, because during operation the frame will perceive serious vibrations.

Now you need to take care of organizing the fastening of the top plate. To do this, you can make threaded holes in the barrels or drill through hole for long hairpins. In any case, a through hole is made in the cover, as well as the bottom plate, for the drive shaft. So we practically made a wood chipper. The price of such a product will not be very high. A purchased unit will cost about 10,000 rubles, and a homemade unit will cost 3-4 thousand. All you need to buy is sheet metal, a drive and, if necessary, a shaft with a disc. In any case, it comes out two times cheaper than a factory product.

Final stage of work

It is clear that the drive shaft will work in the bearing. To do this, it is necessary to make an appropriate hole in the bottom wall-plate. The bearing is necessary in our case, resistant, if you choose any other, it will collapse too quickly. Another detail that was not mentioned in this article is the manufacture of a branch receiver. To do this, cut a hole of a suitable diameter in the upper plate. Important to do small angle, under which the branches will be fed to the knives. In this case, the flywheel itself will tighten the branches, which is what needs to be achieved.

Before assembly and installation, you can paint the parts, and metal surfaces additionally treated against corrosion. Do not forget that the greatest load will fall on the bearing mounted under the flywheel. Its height should be slightly greater than the thickness of the planks. In general, the unit is completely ready for work.

Afterword

When assembling, it is recommended to use the drawings of the wood chipper given in this article. This will help to make the frame, disk and other important components of the machine as accurately as possible. You can also sketch your own sketch, which will guide you in the assembly process.

The body of the product is completely ready. Install it on a pre-prepared welded frame. It is desirable that it be on a wheeled chassis, which will allow you to comfortably move the unit from place to place. As for the engine, it is easy to pick it up. We do not need a powerful 3-phase motor. This, by the way, can be a gasoline engine. Its power should be sufficient to drive the flywheel through a belt drive. In general, the main task of the motor in our case is to spin the flywheel, which in the future, thanks to the forces of inertia, will grind the branches into chips. Well, that's all on this topic. Now you can take up the drawing and proceed to the practical part, that is, the direct assembly of the unit.

To each owner own site, either Vacation home or small cottage with a garden, it is known that it is sometimes very difficult to maintain order in it. The problem of waste disposal in the private sector is particularly acute, and if organics can be stored in a compost pit, and plastic and bottles can be taken to a landfill, then what about the abundance of wood litter? After filing fruit trees or construction, there are a lot of unnecessary branches, boards and lumber. It makes no sense to leave them for firewood, but burning them is very long and troublesome. Especially for such cases, a wood chipper was invented. A new device is quite expensive, but, fortunately, making a wood chipper with your own hands is not as difficult as it might seem at first glance.

The wood chipper will become indispensable assistant for any gardener. With it, you no longer need to make fires to burn the sawn off tree branches or think about where to put the waste after harvesting - stems, tops, roots, etc. The machine will process any organic solid waste into chips and shavings, which will subsequently serve as an excellent material for quality compost or fuel for solid fuel boilers. So, in one fell swoop you will solve several problems: waste disposal, saving space and time, get endless source material for fertilizers and a supply of fuel for the winter. Like it or not, a wood chipper is very useful on the farm, but factory mechanisms are prohibitively expensive, so we suggest saving money and making it yourself. The most encouraging thing is that there is no need to "reinvent the wheel" - you just need to correctly repeat the design of the factory device using available parts. But before starting work, it is necessary to thoroughly study and understand the principle of operation of the machine. Otherwise, you will not be able to make the right drawing and make it a reality. The chopper device is outrageously simple - it is an engine, a shaft with cutting elements, a frame, a protective shell and a receiving compartment through which the material enters. Since such a unit will turn out to be quite heavy, it is better to install it on a two-wheeled base in order to easily move around the site. The principle of operation of the device is as follows: the motor rotates and moves the shaft through a chain or belt. When you push branches or stems of plants into the receiving box, the cutting elements cut them into small pieces that come out the other side of the device. Very similar to an ordinary kitchen meat grinder. Chopper device Before choosing a scheme and purchasing components of the future chopper, you need to decide on its purpose, that is, what exactly (or most often) it will chop - thick branches of fruit trees, small boards or plant residues after harvest. The power of the device, the type of its operation and, accordingly, the cost of the necessary parts depend on this. chopper motor For garden shredders Gasoline or electric motors can be used. Each of them has its own characteristics of use. For example, with gasoline engine you can process large thick branches, it is also valued for its mobility. A device with an electric motor, on the contrary, must always be close to the power source, but it takes much less space than gasoline. It is light and easy to use, but will not cope with overly large objects due to low power. What to look for when choosing a garden shredder motor: power up to 1.5 kW is enough to grind branches up to 2 cm thick; more powerful engines of 3-4 kW are able to process branches with a diameter of about 4 cm and are suitable for gardeners; an engine of 6 kW or more will cope with thick branches of 10-15 cm, and it is recommended to choose them for owners of large farms and farms. Since a homemade chopper in most cases is designed for various works, for him it is better to choose the "golden mean" - an electric motor of 4 kW or a gasoline analogue with a capacity of 5-6 horsepower. Chopper knives Second important detail chopper - cutting elements or knives. The type and principle of operation of the mechanism, as well as the size of the processed material, depend on their design. So, a simple disk with knives will grind only fragile branches into dust, combined designs can process thick branches and produce the same small chips, there are those that grind wood into chips 2-10 cm long. If you plan to use recycled material for solid fuel boilers, it is better to choose the latter option. Since our goal is to copy one of the factory models of the chopper, consider the knives used to produce them: Unfortunately, it is almost impossible to make the described models of knives on your own, therefore, for homemade devices their own cutting elements were invented: a knife-disc design, a set of circular saws and a two-shaft system with 8 knives. Chopper Blueprint To make a wood chipper, it is not enough just to buy the necessary spare parts, you must have professional locksmith skills. The whole process takes place in three stages - the creation of a drawing, the preparation of materials and the assembly of the apparatus. Since we are not going to come up with anything new, you can take any suitable model chopper, and add the rest at your discretion. To create a drawing, you can use a special computer program AutoCAD. We have described the main components of the mechanism above, but this is only general form. The most important thing to pay attention to when creating a drawing is the location of the knives and the angle of their cut. Let us consider the development of a chopper design with a two-shaft cutting element. So, the shafts will be between the plates, and each shaft will contain 3-4 knives. To fasten the cutting elements, it is better to use bolts, shifting them relative to the central part of the shaft. The shaft rotates freely thanks to 4 bearings, which are fixed on the plates. The synchronism of the movement of the shafts is provided by 2 gears that drive the motor. To transmit torque, use a belt or chain of your choice. Depending on the size of the knives and the diameter of the raw material that you are going to grind, vary the gap between the shafts. If you use a 4 kW electric motor, its speed is 2500-2800 rpm. This indicator is good for a disk mechanism designed for thin branches and stems of plants. The two-shaft mechanism must be powerful, so the number of revolutions must be reduced. The images below show drawings of a wood chipper with 2 shafts, each with 3 knives: The disk model looks much simpler mainly due to the simple design of the knives. The drawing can display the disc diameter, the number of knives and their location. The more knives, the finer the raw material will be at the output. The disk can be positioned vertically or at an angle. A stud with circular saws is attached to the frame. Often in such devices a belt is used to drive, so two pulleys should be made on the shaft and stud. Most of the materials needed to assemble the shredder can be purchased at the auto market, farm equipment store, or hardware store, but some parts will have to be ordered or made by yourself. To do this, you need to be able to work as a grinder and a welding machine. Double Shaft Chopper The work on creating a two-shaft shredder consists of the following phases - assembling the frame and receiving compartment, creating a chopping drum with knives, installing the drum and engine. Necessary materials: engine; plate 10 mm - 2 pcs; gear - 2 pcs; pulley - 1 pc; shaft for knives - 2 pcs; bearings with fasteners - 5 pcs; knives; profile pipe; sheet metal(thickness 2 mm). The first step is to make a frame. To do this, cut 4 parts from the profile pipe: 2 - 40 cm each, 2 - 80 cm each. welding machine fix the short parts between the long ones at a right angle to make a frame. The distance between the two inner crossbars must be such that the chopping drum can fit between them. In order to subsequently move the chopper, wheels must be attached to it. To do this, fix 2 racks on the frame, on which the axle and wheels will then be held. Mechanism assembly: The assembly of the wood chipper in the video below will help you more fully understand how the whole process goes: Disc chopper Unlike a twin-shaft shredder, the disc shredder requires far fewer parts, time and effort to assemble. Necessary materials: motor; knives; profile pipe; metal sheet to create a disk; sheet metal 2 mm thick for protective shell and receiving compartment. This small amount of detail is explained low power device. If a two-shaft mechanism can grind thick branches up to 10 cm in diameter into chips, this one will cope with a maximum of 2 cm. Knives can be made as described in the instructions above. Progress: As you can see, nothing complicated, the main thing is to get all the necessary details. Homemade chopper wood with two shafts has great power and is designed for processing large branches. Chip sizes can be controlled from 2 cm to 8 cm depending on the number of knives per shaft.