Hoards. Treasures and treasure hunting in Bashkiria Treasures in Bashkiria where to look

Romantic enthusiasts who want to find the treasure hidden by the legendary rebel Emelyan Pugachev are not translated in Bashkiria. Some say that the runaway Cossack hid the convoy with silver and gold at the bottom of the lake, others are sure that Pugachev's money is stored in the mountains, in a cave. However, there are many other treasures in the republic: among the treasures found were, for example, a bronze cannon, two dishes with a thousand-year history, and a cylinder with gold chervonets.
For several generations, brave treasure hunters have been trying to find the legendary convoy of Emelyan Pugachev himself, a fugitive Cossack who raised an uprising throughout the country. On his way, he mercilessly plundered cities and landowners' estates. And since it was inconvenient to carry carts with silver and gold with him, he hid the loot. Pugachev hid one of these golden carts not far from the Bashkir town of Beloretsk, in the mountainous part of the republic. A couple of centuries ago, there were a lot of copper mining plants there - great prey for a robber.

According to local legend, Pugachev hid the loot in one of the many lakes under the city. They say that professional divers even came, but so far everything is useless. Others are looking for Pugachev's gold in a completely different part of Bashkiria - in a cave near the village of Nagaybakovo, Bakalinsky district, where the rebel took refuge from persecution.
Of course, this is the dream of any treasure hunter, but finding it is almost impossible and very expensive. The equipment is expensive, the equipment is expensive, and they are hidden in lakes and dense forests, where you can’t just get there. In total, about 200-300 people in Bashkiria are fond of treasure digging, and they have already found all the main treasures. One of the best treasure hunters, Don Aleksey, once found a bronze cannon of the 16th century. To do this, I had to dig one and a half meters.
Rustem Yanzafarov, treasure hunter, SmartNews

But Pugachev's gold is not the only treasure of Bashkiria.
In 1989, in the Alsheevsky district of the republic, diggers found a real treasure with a thousand-year history. Scientists especially single out two dishes, one of which is decorated with an engraved image of a king on horseback, striking a boar with a spear. The second dish depicts a flying mountain goat with a fluttering scarf around its neck - the image of the Iranian god of luck. According to archaeologists, the find is at least a thousand years old. Part of the treasure (according to its location it was called Avryuztamaksky) safely disappeared, the other was transferred to the fund of the Sterlitamak Museum of Local History.
Among the missing things from this treasure were figures (heads, legs) of camels, a camel was depicted on a golden kumgan. The products of the Avryuztamak treasure were of Central Asian origin. The objects of this treasure are direct archaeological evidence of the existence of the camel cult in the early Middle Ages on the territory of Bashkortostan.
Shamil Isyangulov, historian, from the materials of the V All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference of Young Scientists

Albert Enikeev
director of the legal bureau "Enikeev and partners"

- No, it won't work. According to the Civil Code, the treasure must be equally divided between the one who found it and the owner of the land. In any case, you will have to give the find - you will be paid a part of the cost for it, and no tax will be taken from it. If the owner of the site is the state, then it will take 25 or 30%. By the way, if you searched and found a treasure without the permission of the owner of the site, then he will receive the reward in full.

At the end of the 60s of the last century, it was not uncommon to find a treasure in Ufa - the city was then actively built up and in the foundations of old merchant houses some kind of nest egg of wealthy people was often found. But the Soviet press could not ignore one case.
Several students of the vocational school helped to dig a trench on Kirov Street and found a large black cylinder, in which lay a lot of gold chervonets with a portrait of Emperor Nicholas II. So no one would have known about the find, but one of the guys accidentally let it slip or boasted to friends. In the end, everyone was arrested, and a noisy process began in the city with the stigmatization of "those who hid the people's property."
This story ended well: the treasure was taken away from the guys, and they themselves were released.
After almost 10 years in Ufa, another "silent person" was caught, who somewhere found royal gold and did not give it to his beloved homeland. He fell into the tenacious hands of the KGB officers due to his oversight - he sold part of the gold to dentists, and they made crowns of “too high standard”. The doctors were interrogated - the treasure hunter was found very quickly. Nothing is known about his further fate.

TREASURES OF BASHKIRIA
TREASURES - TREASURES (archaeological).
The earliest in Bashkortostan are Bronze Age k., consisting of tools and weapons. K., found on Mount Kushtau near the city of Sterlitamak, consisted of bronze. tips, spears, darts, bronzes. chisels-adze, awl and harpoon.
In K. ser. 2nd millennium BC, discovered near the village of Ibrakaevo, Sterlibashevsky district and Milovka near Ufa, included mowing sickles (11 and 6 respectively); one bronze. ax and adze.

In K. near the village of Bakhchi, Sterlibashevsky district, 10 bronzes were found. mowing sickles and adzes. The earliest K. is angry. jewelry (4-3 centuries BC) was found in 1965 during excavations of the Okhlebininsky settlement at the mouth of the Sim River. It contained a hryvnia soldered from 6 bronzes superimposed on each other. rings overlaid with gold leaf, 7 gold. vorvorok, 30 clips and 10 glass. beads.
The famous Kuganaksky K., consisting of cast bronzes, is synchronized with it. items of obviously cult purpose: female figurines, round bronzes. badges and a composition depicting two people in high headdresses standing under the "tree of life".
K. of the early Middle Ages (7-8 centuries AD), consisting of silver. vessels of Iranian origin, found in the center. districts of Bashkortostan.
On the territory Ufa discovered K. from silver. bowl, decorated with the figure of an eagle with a deer in its claws, silver. dishes depicting royal hunting for wild goats and copper. vessel with a lid.
Rich K. silver. vessels was found in the vicinity of the village of Avryuztamak, Alsheevsky district (see Avryuztamak treasure).
K. of the era of the developed Middle Ages are in the main. from the coins of the Golden Horde khans.
Naib. cr. is Petrovsky K. (Tuymazinsky district of the Republic of Belarus), containing 345 silver coins of the khans of Uzbek, Dzhanibek and Tokhta, as well as wives. jewelry (rings and earrings).
Coin K. 14th century. found near the village of Yakty-Kul in the Dyurtyulinsky district, Brik-Alga in the Belebeevsky district and Kyzyl-Yar on the Ufa river.
Two K. silver. coin ingots of the 14th century. found in the vicinity of the village of Verkh. Kalmash Chekmagushevsky district.
In the era of the Golden Horde on the territory. Bashkortostan were widespread K. zhel. of things.
This is K. farmer. tools near the village of Nizhne-Khozyatovo, Chishminsky district (axes, hoes, a sickle, plowshare, plow cutter, two scythes) and K. (stirrups, sickles, scythes) near the village of Spasskoye, Sterlitamaksky district, Bolshe-Abishevo, Abzelilovsky district -on and on the Turnalinsky settlement in the Salavat district.

TREASURE OF SILVER RUBLES
A resident of Bashkiria found a treasure of silver rubles

A resident of Bashkiria, in an interview with the Ufa-press media holding, said that last year, in the fall, he discovered a treasure trove of silver coins while doing agricultural work in his own garden. It consisted of rubles minted under Peter the Great, Catherine the Second and John Antonovich.

At the same time, the lucky man said that he was experiencing difficulties with the implementation of his find, since recently a fraudulent scheme has become widespread in the republic, in which scammers sell counterfeit rubles of this kind instead of fake ones.

According to information received by the publishing house from expert numismatists, the cost of one such ruble, if authentic, can range from 5 to 10 thousand dollars, and the total value of the find is about 50,000 dollars.

BIG TREASURE
A resident of Bashkiria found a treasure weighing 102 kilograms underground. The owner of the find was a resident of Sterlitamak. He posted a photo of the treasure on social networks.
The find is a plastic container of a relatively small volume, which contains coins from the times of the Soviet Union. A resident of Sterdlitamak still keeps the find to himself. On the social network, he writes that he is aware of the lack of actual value of these coins, but it was still pleasant to find them.
Note that other commentators have already calculated the possible proceeds from the treasure: if you sell all the coins, it will be about three thousand rubles. Reference: According to the law of the Russian Federation on treasures, the find becomes the property of the person who found the treasure and the owner of the site where it was found, in equal shares.
If the treasure was found without the consent of the owner of the land, it is transferred to the owner in full. If the land does not belong to the state, the treasure hunter owns it entirely. However, if items related to historical or cultural monuments are found, they will be transferred to state ownership. Historical value is established by experts, as a rule - employees of museums.

TREASURE AT MELEUZ
Just 25 kilometers from Meleuz is the village of Voskresenskoye. It still remembers Yemelyan Pugachev and his broken gang, which, with joy and merry whooping, hanged the landlords and plundered their family estates. At this place, Pugachev ordered the construction of a factory that cast cannons for his troops.

Years have passed, the plant is now completely destroyed, only a few walls remain. Passing by, I always wonder why the local authorities do not restore the plant to its original form? Why not make here a kind of mecca for historians of all ranks and stripes? You can develop a whole historical complex and call it, for example, "Across Pugachev's places" or "Pugachev and his associates: Salavat Yulaev and Kinzya Arslanov - a phased reconstruction of events." Who interferes?

Driving here one day, I noticed a lot of hills that rose here and there. They were even in the middle of the sown fields. That is, imagine - a huge field planted with, say, rye, and in the middle of it - a hefty untouched hill.

- What is this? I once asked my guides. “Why aren’t these hills simply leveled with tractors?”

They explained to me that the hills are the burial places of the Pugachevites. And for a long time there has been a tradition not to touch these burials. It is only surprising (at least it is not clear to me due to the power of education) how people still manage to plant bread near these burial grounds. As if there is no more room.

Treasures have been found here for the third century. The dashing henchmen of the self-proclaimed Peter III buried their bloody gold here, hoping to return someday, but never returned. But real treasures are, of course, rare. But royal coins, bayonets, daggers are a very common occurrence. Almost every resident of Voskresensky found Catherine's nickels, blackened with time.

It is strange that few residents of Bashkiria know that this village has a wonderful museum. It contains the works of artists who were evacuated from Moscow during the Great Patriotic War. They organized an art school in the village, which still exists today. Perhaps, according to famous names in the world of painting, only Nesterovsky in Ufa can compete with this museum. Another trick for the Meleuzovsky district authorities to attract tourists! But for some reason no one itches, no one needs anything.

I started this column with nature and will end with it. Now, in autumn, in the local forests of mushrooms, apparently, invisibly. Stop salting. Animals here are not even afraid of humans. Several times, for example, during haymaking, a moose came out to me. Not afraid and not frightened (I got scared, of course - such a whopper).

Do you know what I thought? And yet, there are no fools sitting in Meleuz. They do the right thing by not attracting tourists here. They will come, they will spoil everything, destroy, break, level ...

COPPER TREASURES
Ancient copper mines are located on the territory of Bashkiria in the valleys of the Dema, Tyater, Kidash rivers, between the settlements of Sterlibashevo and Kirgiz-Miyaki, in the vicinity of the village of Voznesenskoye and in some other places. Cuprous sandstones are common in all these areas, differing from each other in the depth of occurrence and associated rocks. As you can see, these areas are much closer to the plants than the Kargaly mines, which means that the transportation of ore from these deposits was cheaper. Some mines in Bashkiria, as well as in the Kargaly deposit, were laid in the footsteps of the ancient "Chud works". The fact that this area is included in the forest-steppe zone creates more opportunities for ancient metallurgy than in the Kargaly steppes. If we accept the version about the trade of the inhabitants of the Kargaly steppes in ore, and not in metal, then these regions of Bashkiria seem preferable in this sense, since they have forest reserves, are located nearby, and the population had an idea about mining and metallurgy.

During the expeditions of 1991-1992, we examined several mine fields on the territory of Bashkiria, namely in the area of the villages of Gulyumovo and Aidarali (Sterlibashevsky district) and the village of Dedovo, Fedorovsky district.

The workings in the area of the village of Gulyumovo are located in a large forest clearing 1.5 km west of the village. The entrance to the working is a funnel at the site of the collapsed adit. The length of the underground part is 205 m (Figure 3.1). The production consists of two parts. The earlier part was mined through shaft 3, and the later one - through an adit, the entrance to which is currently blocked. At the junction of drifts of different times, there is a difference in the levels of the bottom of the working of ~1 meter. In the remaining part of the adit, you can see the remains of wooden supports. The area of the mine does not exceed 4 hectares. Not far from the indicated place in the area of the village of Bol. Karkaly on the map of V. Kvalen marked Klyuchevskoe mineshowever, according to the description, their field is much larger.

A large field of mines was examined by us 5 km south of the village of Aydarali. Dumps and sinkholes are currently overgrown with forest, which makes it difficult to find entrances and estimate the size of the ore field. Its size is ~ 750x350 meters. We have found only small fragments of vertical mine shafts and sections of horizontal workings. Perhaps it is these mines that are referred to as Durasovskie.

A significant field of mines with an area of \u200b\u200b~20 hectares is located in the vicinity of the village of Dedovo, in the Fedorovsky district, on a hill, on the banks of the Ashkadar River. We found an entrance - a triangular pit with a depth of no more than two meters. Apparently, the pit was used for ventilation. The main entrance - the adit - is now almost completely covered with soil from the surface. The length of the working is 155 meters (Figure 3.2).

conclusions

On the territory of Bashkiria there are significant fields of old copper mines. Here, as well as in the Kargaly steppe, the development was carried out in the wake of the \"Chud works \". In terms of forest resources, this zone is much more suitable for ancient metallurgy. It is possible that this area played a significant role both as a zone of independent metallurgical and mining centers, and in the exchange of raw materials with the inhabitants of the Kargaly steppe.

ARCHEOLOGY IN BASHKORTOSTAN
The first expeditions of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the 18th century marked the beginning of the search and description of archaeological sites on the territory of Bashkortostan. Archaeologists, members of the expeditions P. I. Rychkov, P. S. Pallas, I. I. Lepekhin described ancient mounds, settlements and mines in the vicinity of Ufa, Blagoveshchensk, Sterlitamak and other places in the Orenburg province.

In the 2nd half of the 19th century, the Provincial Museum Committee was created in Ufa. In 1865-1867, committee member R. G. Ignatiev conducted a survey of the Ufimsky (Chertov), Birsky and Kara-Abyz settlements, as well as excavations of burial mounds at the Muslim cemetery in Ufa, at the dachas of the Miass gold mines and near the village of Kalchirburan of the modern Aurgazinsky district. on RB.

In 1893-1894, the archaeologist Nefedov carried out the first excavations of ancient settlements: Ufimsky (Chertov), Kara-Abyz, Novo-Medvedev (Yuldashevsky - Peter-Tau). At the same time, the funds of the Ufa Provincial Museum received ancient objects from random finds and collections: bronze jewelry from Birsk, a treasure trove of bronze tools from under the village of Milovka, Ufa region, things from an early medieval burial found on the territory of the dacha of the landowner V. A. Novikov, an amber necklace from a burial on Seminarskaya Hill in Ufa, etc. These collections were described in detail by N. N. Bulychev in 1902 and 1904.

From the end of the 19th century, the study of archaeological sites of the Belaya River basin began. Archaeologist A. A. Spitsyn studied the Birskoye, Kostarevskoye and Dyurtyulinskoye settlements in the lower reaches of the Belaya River, collected material that made it possible to establish the place of these monuments in the periodization of the Kama antiquities developed by him.

In the 20s of the 20th century, G. V. Vakhrushev compiled the first archaeological map of Bashkiria with 17 settlements, 27 burial mounds, 14 barrowless burial grounds.

Systematic and purposeful archaeological work began in the 1950s after the creation of an archeology group at the Institute of History, Language and Literature (IIYL) of the BF of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Systematic research was carried out on the monuments of the early Iron Age and the Middle Ages, early nomads in Bashkortostan.

In the 1970s, excavations were carried out on necropolises and settlements located next to them from the Early Iron Age near SS. Shipovo and Okhlebinino, studies of mounds of early nomads in the South Ural steppes (A. Kh. Pshenichnyuk). Were excavated: Staroyabalaklinsky burial ground of the Bronze Age on the river. Dema (Yu. A. Morozov, Gorbunov), Yukalikulevskoe settlement on the river. Ai (Gorbunov, Obydennov). New monuments of the nomads of the Southern Urals and the Urals of the Golden Horde period on the territory of Bashkortostan and the Orenburg region were studied.

In the 1980s-1990s, archaeologists from the IIL UC RAS participated in the creation of the All-Union Code of Archaeological Monuments. Studies were carried out on "land drains". So, when examining a small area near the village. Podolsk (Khaibullinsky district) a large pagan sanctuary was discovered (G. N. Garustovich). The Irendyk Historical, Archaeological and Landscape Museum-Reserve has been created in the Baishevsky Microdistrict (Baimaksky District).

At present, a new direction has been developed in the archeology of Bashkortostan - ethnoarchaeology. Traditional directions are being developed: the history of weapons and military affairs of the nomads of the early Iron Age and the Middle Ages, the problems of socio-economic and ethno-cultural history, the issues of the beginning of the Turkization of the Southern Urals are being studied.

Mausoleum of Turakhan

Since 2004, archaeological expeditions to the Shulgan-tash cave (Kapova cave) have been held annually under the guidance of Ph.D. V. G. Kotova. As a result, new drawings were found; engraved compositions were discovered for the first time; confirmed the ancient age of the drawings.

New questions in the archeology of Bashkortostan arise on the materials of the Bakhmutinskaya culture, the Kara-Yakupovskaya culture, the Kushnarenkovskaya culture, the Mazuninskaya culture and the Pianoborskaya culture.

To date, 547 archaeological sites have been identified and recorded on the territory of the Republic of Belarus, of which more than 300 are burial mounds and burial mounds, more than 150 are various settlement monuments, 16 grottoes and caves, 7 soil burial grounds, 7 metallurgical complexes, etc.

Of these, 12 stone excavations, 11 Muslim burial grounds, stone fences (12) are the remains of “steppe mosques” or places where yurts were installed on summer camps belong to the late time.

Of the total number of recorded monuments, 40 have been fully explored, 15 have been destroyed, a significant part is located in the zone of influence of reservoirs, or is flooded by them.

On the territory of modern Bashkortostan, traces and monuments of archaeological cultures of the Stone Age, Bronze Age and Iron Age have been found.

Stone Age. In the Mesolithic of the Stone Age, the Ilmurzinskaya culture and the Yangelskaya culture developed, in the Neolithic - the Pribelskaya culture and the Tashbulatovskaya culture. In the Eneolithic, the Agidel culture was formed in the Cis-Urals, the Garin culture in the North of Bashkortostan, the Surtandin culture in the Trans-Urals, and the Yamnaya culture in the steppes of the Southern Urals.
Bronze Age. In the Bronze Age, the Abashevskaya culture, Alakulskaya culture, Mezhovskaya culture, Petrovsky culture, Sargarinskaya culture, Sintashta culture, Srubnaya culture, Fedorovskaya culture and Cherkaskulskaya culture developed in the Southern Urals. The monuments of the northern regions of the Republic of Belarus contain materials from the Order culture and the Turbin culture.
Iron age. In the early Iron Age, the steppe territory of the Republic of Belarus was part of the formation area of the Kurmantau culture, the Savromatian culture and the Sarmatian culture. At that time, the tribes of the Ananyino culture, the Kara-Abyz culture, and the Pyanobor culture lived in the forest zone at that time. In the eastern forest-steppe regions, monuments of the Gamayun culture, the Gorokhov culture, the Itkul culture, and the Sargat culture were found.
In the Middle Ages, the Bakhmutinskaya culture, the Imenkovskaya culture, the Kara-Yakupovskaya culture, the Kushnarenka culture, the Mazuninskaya culture, the Turbasli culture, and the Chiyalik culture were formed on the territory of the Republic of Belarus.

The found archaeological monuments include tools, settlements and dwellings, funerary monuments; rock carvings, decorations, etc. The oldest archaeological sites on the territory of the Republic of Belarus are Aidos, Mysovaya, dating back to 400-100 thousand BC. e.

The most common are settlements and funerary monuments. There are 3 types of settlements: parking, settlements, settlements. The funeral monuments of the Republic of Belarus include burial mounds and soil burial grounds and mausoleums (Keshene). Archaeological monuments include ancient mine workings or quarries for the extraction of ore (Bakr-Uzyak, Kargaly, Tashkazgan mine), inhabited caves and sanctuaries (Shulgan-Tash, Reserved sanctuary, Ignatiev sanctuary), stone sculptures (Akimbetovsky burial mounds, Gumarovsky burial ground), treasures (Avryuztamak treasure, Kuganak treasure, Milov treasure), pile buildings, ancient roads, dolmens, menhirs.

Local groups of monuments belonging to the same archaeological culture are divided into archaeological complexes (Arkaim, Biktimirov archaeological complex, Gornovsky archaeological complex, Kara-Yakupovsky archaeological complex, Manyak archaeological complex, Okhlebininsky archaeological complex, Sintashta, Tash-Elginsky archaeological complex, Tashlinsky archaeological complex , Shipovsky archaeological complex, Yakovlevsky archaeological complex). Groups of monuments belonging to different cultures are divided into archaeological microdistricts (Baishevsky archaeological microdistrict, Beregovskiy archaeological microdistrict).

TREASURES AND SPELLS
The main elements of the plot were a fence, a lock and a key. They could be both verbal and material (that is, natural fences, locks and keys, often found in treasures). Sharp iron objects are also found there: knives, sickles, swords, scythes, etc. They were also called upon to protect the treasure from strangers.
But the science of “covering” the treasure was also the science of how to take it.
Later, in Christian times, it was widely believed that demons were the keepers of treasures. Therefore, treasure hunting is always associated with a very high risk.
In a word, most legends say that it is incredibly difficult to take possession of a charmed treasure. And yet it is possible. You just need to know the secrets of "unlocking" hidden treasures:
* In ancient books there is a mention of treasures buried "for the lucky one." What it is, the authors do not explain (apparently, hundreds of years ago it was clear to everyone), but they explain how to find such a treasure. It is necessary, they say, to meet a black cat and follow her. Where she stops and meows, hit her with all her strength on the head and exclaim: “Scatter!”, and start digging at the place where the cat died. But it seems that this method is good only for flayers, and it seems sadistically funny to me.
* Another recipe in a modern dowsing book. It says that it is enough to take the so-called frame in your hand and ask it the question: “In which direction is the treasure?” And she will point it out. Then ask about how far the treasures are buried, naming the numbers in kilometers, hundreds of meters, etc. When the place is found, once again clarify: they say, here or not - and dig.
* Another old way to find and "take" the charmed treasure, again in an old book. Here he is:
“... At the supposed place of burial of the treasure, light a candle set in a walnut candlestick. The closer the treasure is, the
the flame will flicker more strongly. And when it goes out, you have to dig there. But if there is no firm intention to give a tenth to the poor, the treasure will hide in the ground so deep that no strength will be enough to open it. Basically, you have to share.
* The first assistants in finding treasures are herbs:
- “gap-grass” (gap-grass got its name due to the fact that after the fruits ripen, the leaves of the oblong box open, twist into a spiral, scattering the seeds at the same time. It is enough to press a ripe fruit with your finger - and the plant "shoots" ". This plant belongs to the balsam family);
- “plakun-grass” Image (looseberry is a perennial herbaceous plant, 60-120 cm in height, with a straight four-six-sided stem, covered, like leaves, with hairs or almost naked. Mentioned in conspiracies as a magical tool that allows you to command spirits, to master treasures);
- “obyar” (Obyar is a silk fabric with a stream of gold or silver, a decree in the output book but obyar was called and is also called any silk moire, and without gold);
- "Knotweed Bel-kormolets" (A very popular plant that grows in yards, on paths, along roads, pastures, permanent dry pastures, on ramparts, in weedy places near dwellings, etc. It is hardy to trampling. Knotweed stems spread along the ground, cranked; bushy plants);
- "Peter's cross" (scale scale, or secret, or king-grass (lat. Lathraéa) - a genus of plants of the Broomrape family. The root of this plant is considered a strong tool for overcoming demonic enemy forces)
- "Fern flower";
- "hat";
- "Key grass";
- "Jump-grass" (magic grass in fairy tales, showing the way to buried treasures and breaking locks and constipation)
Botanists have speculations about what herbs they are talking about, except for one - "jump-grass". Traditions say that Stenka Razin kept her leaves under her nails, and therefore luck in the robbery accompanied him. That is why he left so many treasures along the rivers.
\"Jump-grass\" removes magical power from any Razin treasure. So whoever reveals her secret, that one ... Already captures the spirit from the prospects of life.
* And the last. Western magicians believe that in order for the curse of the charmed treasure not to pass to the treasure hunter, it is necessary to carry out the next rite at the place where it is hidden. Draw with a sharp knife, dipping it in holy water, a circle encircling the burial place of wealth. Determine the cardinal directions by compass and set a candle on each and say, bowing to each candle (starting from the north): “The four apostles-evangelists, keepers of God’s secrets - Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, cleanse this place from the spell imposed on it” . I imagine how it will look from the outside, and woe to those people (their psyche) who will see your eccentricities.
*If the treasure is in a wall, a circle is drawn on it (north is at the top).
Then, having taken out the treasure, they say the following words: “The Lord God is in front, the Guardian Angel is behind, the holy evangelists are on the sides, I will give glory to you, Heavenly Father! Protect me (name) with your strength from the devil's machinations. Release this treasure from a heavy spell.
It is also recommended to read after this forty times "Our Father", before touching the chest, pot, or whatever else fell into your hands.
*And further:
- if these are some things, sprinkle them with holy water and hold them over a candle flame;
- if these are coins, ignite them on fire;
- if precious stones, keep in running water for 24 hours;
- keep in the scorching sun for 24 hours;
- keep in salt water for 24 hours.
All these actions, according to psychics, help cleanse the found treasures from negative energy.
*Yes, one more warning, do not try to swear when digging treasures. In work, you never know what happens, a dirty word can break loose. Treasures of swear words do not like, they go further into the ground.
When you carry the found treasure home, do not forget to say: “Chur! Chur! Holy place. My treasure is in half with God. Then your treasure will not be stolen, and it will serve your family for the benefit.

GOLD TREASURE
The inspector of the OBKhSS, police major Mikhail Dudka, went fishing with friends to Kalinniki, and there he heard a conversation about the peasants of the village of Uguzevo, who were selling gold coins of the royal coinage. This generated a lot of interest. On the way back, we slowed down a couple of kilometers from Uguzevo.
The village shepherd, after a treat from a flask, wiped his mustache and nodded his head - "There is some gold, only today the Zdrogovs are on the mowing, come back the next day." On Monday, Dudka turned to the head of the OBKhSS department, Vladimir Trofimov.

After listening to the story with gold coins, the police colonel asked his favorite question - "What is the degree of probability ..."? Hearing in response - "Ninety ..., ninety-five", the chief signed the travel allowances for the Birsky district, the republic. For the purpose of secrecy, we drove a Moskvich car with civilian numbers. Slowed down on a hillock. To the cries of roosters, the pigs rubbed their sides against the rubble of the Village Soviet with a red flag.

Crooked fences, huts with half-blinded windows. Collective farm goal. Uguzevo was no different from hundreds of other Soviet villages.

And where did the royal gold coins come from? For a moment, Dudka felt annoyed with himself, and exchanged sad glances with his assistant. In the village, the first surprise awaited them, the Zdrogovs live on one street, and the Pestovs live on the other. Divided the streets and set to "work". Dudka, in a suit and a hat slightly shifted to the back of his head, stopped at the first gate. A woman came out into the yard with a bucket in her hand.

Criminal Bashkiria. golden treasure
“Good morning, I’m here from Ivan Petrovich, I would like, about coins ...” - the first thing that came to mind was the inspector of the OBKhSS. But there was no need to cheat.

A woman with a bucket - "all sorts of people walk here" - irritably waved her hand towards the house with open windows. That was enough. Whistling his favorite tune - "The armor is strong and our tanks are fast," the police major merrily walked forward. In the house, Dudok was met by two Zdrogov brothers. OBKhSS inspector introduced himself as a financial inspector. “In any country there is a law on treasures ...” Dudka began the conversation in an amiable tone, but the game of “cat and mouse” did not last long. “No, we didn’t find any coins or treasure,” the older brother answered. And then, he left the house and left the youngest, alone with the "financial inspector".

From that moment it all started.
“Are you definitely from Ufa?”
"Financial Inspector!?"
The young man squinted - "Leave me one coin ..."? Dudka winked an eye and shook his head. This was the start of a confidential conversation. And then everything happened, as if in a well-known fairy tale. Slez Ivanushka, the fool from the stove, clapped his hands, and coins fell down, and not ordinary ones, but gold ones.

Zdrogov Jr., with visible pride, took the poker, thrust it into the oven, and a second later, with a heavy thud, placed on the table a pouch half-full of gold coins.

Wow, fuck your mother!!!
Dudka could not believe his eyes. A whole fortune, you can build a club in the village or a stone bridge across the river!

The door creaked, the older brother returned, and began to walk around the house, like an animal in a cage. The younger one continued to hold the iron poker in his hand. Dudka glanced at the distance to the open window. But everything went off peacefully. Emitting long and groaning sighs, as if he had a toothache, Zdrogov told where he got such wealth from.

As the police found out, two married couples from the village of Uguzevo, the Zdrogovs and the Pestovs, were contracted in Ufa for earthworks. A tractor is digging a trench along Kirov Street, and they are trimming it with shovels. They picked up a rusty metal pipe, and something glitters inside. They hit the asphalt, and rolled in different directions, yellow splashes, gold coins.
Queen of Heaven! Everything is like in a magical dream!
Whoever managed to collect how much, then all his gold. One coin was handed over to the Rubin store for purchase and received 700 rubles of money. Bought vodka and gifts. For the first time in my life, we hired a taxi and drove home on the Volga.
Soon the whole village knew about the wealth of the Zdrogovs and Pestovs. Envying the treasure, someone remarked, “Nicholas, now you are the richest man in the world,” to which Zdrogov modestly replied, “No, no ... the richest man is the American Rockefeller.” They sold gold coins to traders, dental technicians, to Rubin, they didn’t go any more, smart people warned that it was dangerous. The Pestovs were detained later, leaving the whole household, they generally became overwhelmed and traveled around the south, throwing money, not counting.
This story happened in 1979. Of the hundred gold coins of royal minting, more than half were returned to the state.
The criminal case was under investigation by investigator Ilmira Munirova. “Yes, there is happiness, but there is no mind,” says Ilmira Mavlyutovna, sadly and mockingly, as if disappointed. Due to the prescription of years, she does not remember exactly how long the accused Zdrogovs and Pestovs received. Somewhere from three to five years in prison in a penal colony.

Dudka Mikhail Trofimovich was born on November 2, 1932 in the Kherson region of Ukraine. After 7 classes, I entered the Mining and Metallurgical College of Kerch. In 1950 he was drafted into the army (GDR), after graduating from the Kharkov School, he served as an officer in tank troops for five years. In 1960, after Khrushchev's reduction of the army, he came to his wife's homeland, to Ufa. He worked as a milling machine operator at the 40th plant, studied in absentia at the Faculty of Law.

Since 1964, the inspector of the OBKhSS of the Ordzhonikidzevsky District Department of Internal Affairs in Ufa. From 1970 to 1973 he was the head of the OBKhSS in the city of Salavat. He served in the department of the OBKhSS of the republic, since 1979 he was the head of the OBKhSS of the Ordzhonikidzevsky district. He retired in 1983 from the post of deputy. Head of the OBKhSS Oktyabrsky district of Ufa.
Police Lieutenant Colonel. Awarded with medals and badge "Excellent policeman".

TREASURES OF THE SOUTHERN URALS
The South Ural has seen a lot. Archaeologists still do not get tired of being surprised by their finds here. After the famous royal Filippov burial mounds with gold in the Orenburg region, it seems that no already rich treasures can be found. But is it?

PEOPLE'S TALK
Even the Scythians and Sarmatians, who lived in the Urals, amazed the world with an abundance of gold jewelry. Modern science, after analyzing them, has proved that the precious metal is of Ural origin. The gold of the Riphean mountains was described by ancient Greek historians. But all attempts to find industrial deposits under Peter I yielded nothing. Gold suitable for such development was found after the reformer tsar. The first gold washing machine in the Urals appeared in 1823. There was so much gold that by 1913 Russia had firmly taken the leading place in the world in its production. Until now, there is no data on how much gold was mined in the entire Urals. Approximately we are talking about 1200-1500 tons! The gold rush did not bypass the Bashkir Trans-Urals either. The miners worked hard. From the declassified data it can be seen that during the period of Soviet power alone, more than ten tons of gold were mined in the zone annually.
If you carefully read the archives, you will find that nuggets were often found in the Trans-Urals. The last such case was noted in the late 80s of the twentieth century, when a machine operator of the Iranian state farm in the Baimak region, working in the field, found a nugget the size of a ram's head. As required by law, the gold was handed over to the state. According to various sources, it was possible to determine that in the past century, nuggets weighing from a kilogram to a pood were found 17 times in the Trans-Urals. There is simply no information about smaller details. Probably, they were not documented. Here it must be said in particular that in the old days gold nuggets were in great demand, since they were always of interest to those who boasted of their wealth. Large breeders, to match Demidov, even had collections of nuggets.
The untold riches of other Urals can be judged by the number of legends and legends about it. Characteristically, popular rumor connects the origin of the wealth of industrialists exclusively with dishonest ways. And, as a punishment for this, with the death of the owners. But before going to the next world, the hero manages to hide the unjustly acquired good. So legends and traditions are a kind of guide to treasures. Often they give specific geographical names, mention really living people, there are signs on the ground, according to which you can, they say, find a treasure. Here is one of the typical stories. In several versions, I heard a story that in the vicinity of the village of Irgizly on the Belaya River there is Mount Pugacheva, named after the leader of the peasant uprising. And allegedly it was in it, fleeing the people's wrath, that the manager of the Voznesensky plant buried his gold, running away from the troops of Emelyan Pugachev. To believe or not to believe?
But there are details in the stories. In particular, that the Voznesensky copper smelter, built in 1754 at the mouth of the Irgizla River, worked on imported ore - it was delivered on horseback from Tubinsk. The factory clerk Kopeikin (there really was such a one), having learned about the approach of the Pugachevites, drove forced people to the slope of a steep mountain to cut down trees and bring them down on the heads of the “robbers” ...
In a word, historically this popular rumor is quite reliable. There is no doubt that the breeders fiercely hated Pugachev, who deprived them of their wealth, tried ahead of time to hide everything in a safe place. In this regard, it should be emphasized that Pugachev's troops did not manage to take them by surprise. As a rule, they met well-organized defense of factory settlements. Considering that at that time there were strong tensions with the roads in the Urals, breeders could not take out their wealth ahead of time, without publicity, when there were popular unrest all around. All that was left was to hide. It is known that Pugachev and his associates also did not carry the entire treasury with them - they always hid part of it.

UNEXPECTED PARADOX
If we trace the topic of treasures in the Southern Urals through available sources (primarily library funds), an unexpected paradox will be revealed - a discrepancy between the number of oral folk traditions passed down from generation to generation and the number “officially” reflected in the literature. In order not to tire the reader by listing the publications I have studied on this subject, I will refer to only one, but, I think, the most striking example.
Bashkirs are the indigenous inhabitants of the Urals. They have good historical roots, oral art is in the traditions of the people. According to it, one can find out with sufficient reliability, without even resorting to special chronicles, many historical events. The matter is greatly facilitated by the fundamental multi-volume collection "Bashkir Folk Art" published in Ufa at the end of the last century.
Traditions and legends are given a whole volume (second), with a volume of 572 pages. Some legends and traditions in it are given even in two or three versions. The volume is provided with a very useful index of motives. In it, in the section “Peasant War of 1773-1775”, there is “Treasures of Salavat and Pugachev”. Two legends are indicated - in the volume they go under numbers 275 and 299: “Mari in the army of Salavat” and “Salavat and Baltas”. Actually, the treasures are said extremely sparingly, just a few lines. In the first legend we read: “... At that time I was an eighteen-year-old boy. Very violent riots began. The people rose up and began to destroy the boyars. I also joined the rebels. After some time, they merged with the army of Salavat. Through Katav, Uzen, Lakly, Yylanli, Vakir, Karabashshary came to Kigi. From there they went to Kazan. Three wagonloads of silver coins were buried in Karabashshary. In the second legend: “After the departure of the Pugachev army in the direction of Kazan, Salavat took command. The treasury also passed into his hands. He ordered to hide state money in the forest, in the hollows of trees, in order to use them later, during new battles.
Almost every Bashkir clan has numerous legends and legends about treasures. How it happened that in the fundamental code "Bashkir folk art" with this, in essence, a failure is a mystery. Probably worked ideological moment. Very little was publicly reported about the treasures of the times of Stepan Razin, Emelyan Pugachev in the Soviet period (through books, magazines, newspapers), although the rumor about them was not only among the Bashkirs, but also among the Russians, Tatars, Chuvashs, Mari .... But even in the "Great Soviet Encyclopedia" there is not a word about this. It turns out that everything is at the level of people's memory. Although this is a matter of national importance. It is possible that, along with gold and money, documents were left in treasures that may have sensational value for science.

WHERE TO LOOK?
Completely different than in literature (including magazines, newspapers) is the situation with treasures on the Internet, where gigabytes of information are devoted to this topic for every taste. Just don't be lazy to look. Having a lot of time, I could not track even a small fraction of the information here. Having even simplified the task to the limit (search only for treasures from the time of Emelyan Pugachev and only in the Southern Urals), I received such a volume on the monitor that at least defend a Ph.D. thesis! Clearly one can feel in the electronic world an increased interest in treasures not found so far in Bashkortostan and its neighboring regions. There is also a paradox on the Internet. It is that with an abundance of information about the possible locations of treasures, the source of the initial information is often unclear. Comparing similar texts on different sites, you can still “get to the bottom”. And then unexpected surprises await.
It turns out that the West is very actively looking at treasures that have not yet been found in Russia. There are even detailed maps on foreign sites! On them, crosses and circles are marked in Russia with the places of a possible location of treasures. Everything looks very solid. And, it seems, the only thing that stops Western diggers is the unpredictability of the behavior of the Russian authorities, where they easily change laws or make so many various amendments to them that the original essence is turned upside down ...
Be that as it may, serious structures are not engaged in the search for treasures in Russia. This is a matter of rare amateurs. Archaeologists are also on the sidelines, preferring to conduct only scientific work. There are also geologists, but for the second decade in a row they have financial intractable problems. Individual enthusiasts can not be taken into account. Without having expensive special treasure-hunting equipment, one can rely only on random luck. We need systematic, long-term searches, when the territory is carefully examined square by square. And for example - individual legends, "caught" by me on the Internet (http://metallsearch.chat.ru).
In the early 1840s, two young men, brothers Alexander and Stepan Gusev, went from their farm Gusevsky to Orenburg and on the way stopped to spend the night in the village of Sinegorka. When they unharnessed their horses and entered the hut, they saw a blind old woman lying on the stove. She learned from the conversation that the Gusev Mosols (the descendants of the serf breeder Mosolov were called mosols) and asked:
- Are you from Kananikolsky?
- No, we are from Gusevsky's farm.
- Is it on Small Ik, near the mouth of the river Yamashly?
- Right! Where, grandma, do you know?
- I went with Pugachev in my younger years, I was his cook. When Sakmara Cossacks were chasing us on the road to Irgizla, Pugachev ordered to bury gold on the left bank of the Yamashly, near the mouth. After all, he took a lot of gold from the bar. It, tea, and now lies in the ground ...
As you can see, in this story, the modern territories of the Zilair and Kugarchinsky regions of Bashkortostan are easily recognized. By the way, there are really a lot of legends about Pugachev's treasures among the people. They talk about treasures hidden near the former fortress of Rassypnaya (Orenburg region), in Dikovaya Balka, in the vicinity of Tatishchev, in Lake Vanna ... Unfortunately, many names in the legends have changed over more than two centuries. But the difficulty is not only with this. The landscape looks different now. Only comprehensive research can trace the missing treasures. But will such studies ever be undertaken in the Southern Urals? And who will sponsor expensive events? It is clear that it is not our state. And what about treasures in the West?
According to the Washington Post newspaper, specially organized expeditions in the United States annually search for 20-30 large treasures. In the twentieth century, the total number of treasures discovered in America was estimated at one and a half billion dollars! In the West, treasure hunting has been put on a modern technical basis - the industry produces various electronic equipment. Since 1950 (since the massive search for the missing gold of Nazi Germany), only in the USA it has been produced in the amount of about 700 million dollars. There, it turns out, treasure hunting is a whole industry!

Chandar, a mysterious ancient map

The village itself did not represent any historical value, until in 1999 Professor Chuvyrov discovered a mysterious stone slab there. It is a relief map made by representatives of an unknown highly developed civilization about 50 million years ago.
The plate depicts the area from the Ufa Upland to today's city of Salavat. It even depicts the bottom of the then rivers. And now Bashkir diggers note that the area is also fraught with some mystical mysteries. According to them, from time to time otherworldly voices are heard there and shadows appear from nowhere.

“I was told that when you arrive in Chandar, you can’t say that all this is nonsense, otherwise something bad will happen. I did not listen and said right there that all this is bullshit and nothing like this exists. When we were leaving the village, fog suddenly began, in which we saw the outlines of a truck into which we almost flew. Unfortunately, from the photographs of Chandar, only the sign indicating the entrance was photographed, since inside the village my camera refused to work for unknown reasons,” writes Vladislav Zubarev from Ufa.
Where: Nurimanovskiy district

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Ancient copper mines are located on the territory of Bashkiria in the valleys of the Dema, Tyater, Kidash rivers, between the settlements of Sterlibashevo and Kirgiz-Miyaki, in the vicinity of the village of Voznesenskoye and in some other places. Cuprous sandstones are common in all these areas, differing from each other in the depth of occurrence and associated rocks. As you can see, these areas are much closer to the plants than the Kargaly mines, which means that the transportation of ore from these deposits was cheaper. Some mines in Bashkiria, as well as in the Kargaly deposit, were laid in the footsteps of the ancient "Chud works". The fact that this area is included in the forest-steppe zone creates more opportunities for ancient metallurgy than in the Kargaly steppes. If we accept the version about the trade of the inhabitants of the Kargaly steppes in ore, and not in metal, then these regions of Bashkiria seem preferable in this sense, since they have forest reserves, are located nearby, and the population had an idea about mining and metallurgy.

The workings in the area of the village of Gulyumovo are located in a large forest clearing 1.5 km west of the village. The entrance to the working is a funnel at the site of the collapsed adit. The length of the underground part is 205 m ( fig 3.1). The production consists of two parts. The earlier part was mined through shaft 3, and the later part was mined through an adit, the entrance to which is currently blocked. At the junction of drifts of different times, there is a difference in the levels of the bottom of the working of ~1 meter. In the remaining part of the adit, you can see the remains of wooden supports. The area of the mine does not exceed 4 hectares. Not far from the indicated place in the area of the village of Bol. Karkaly on the map of V. Kvalen marked Klyuchevskoe mineshowever, according to the description, their field is much larger.

A significant field of mines with an area of \u200b\u200b~20 hectares is located in the vicinity of the village of Dedovo, in the Fedorovsky district, on a hill, on the banks of the Ashkadar River. We found an entrance - a triangular pit with a depth of no more than two meters. Apparently, the pit was used for ventilation. The main entrance - the adit - is currently almost completely washed away with soil from the surface. The length of the working is 155 meters ( fig 3.2).

conclusions

In Ufa, you can dig anywhere that is closer to the water. Civilization has been here for centuries. You won’t find treasures, but here are interesting things please. Muscovites are asking very much to find a medical dump. They really need to decorate fashionable pharmacies. Banks, flasks are old, but scales are broken. There are references to her. Prior to that, they were taken to Sutoloka, in the area of the October Revolution, and then this business was banned by decree. And they dug up the dump. The area is approximately known, but it’s not yet clear where a specific cop is to be produced ...
Coins are found on Gogol. New house, recently built by Chernyshevsky-Gafuri. While digging the foundation, we found a lot of interesting things. But everything, shut up. Stolen for souvenirs, those who are in the subject. Only the granite slab had lain a little longer, and even that had gone somewhere.
On Gogol, closer to the cliff of the river, the old houses are sliding down. The hosts agree to let them in for half. On the monument, everyone must have seen cool houses. So behind them, there are tumbledown houses. I spoke with the owners. Fully say just the little things we find. One generally says, dig as much as you want, ruin the shed that burned down for me for this.
But we still chose the hustle and bustle.

Applied technique BSL and Explorer E-Track

Quite a nice unit. With a bunch of settings. New depth-to-target technology accurately determines depth, allowing you to distinguish surface debris from a valuable find lying deeper. If desired, you can ignore unnecessary surface targets when searching for old coins or treasure.

Within a few hours this was found...

Of course, we didn't find the treasure. But satisfied and tired, they went home. All the same, treasure hunters are secretive people. And if you think that someone (including me) will post their findings, you are deeply mistaken. No, they say they didn't find anything. But if you want to dig, join closer to spring. Or hang out at ufaklad.ru.

Seek... yes you will find.

And further...
There is an amazing place. Bay. For two and a half thousand years, people lived in the same place on a patch of land. unloaded cargo met ships, traded. The site is small. (Plot at the pier, and the market square, now Barkalov Square), but inhabited since Odyssey times. You can see it on the cut ... here they invented glass, here are all sorts of amphorae. Yes, everything is littered with antique shards. Far away to Sapun-mountain and other popsne, cores and echoes of war. And on this patch, the rubble of a thousand-year history. Do you think anyone needs it? Why am I aware. Yes, I had a cottage there. My children grew up there. Guess what the locals do when they find a treasure?
I'll tell you, think I'm lying. I need it...?
They put it in the trunk and take it to the trash heap.
Will explain. If you start selling something valuable, you will catch the article in a swoop. And if you light up or God forbid, you will announce to the state, that's it! pipets. Will declare property, (a form of selection of property). You will live on the territory of the monument of antiquity, or they will be resettled with the provision of an equal area in the edren. Then, quietly, quietly, a caretaker's house will grow on this place ... (but that's another story ...).
Good luck friends...

The places where ancient treasures are hidden were pointed out to Komsomolskaya Pravda by Yury Suprunenko, Ph.D.

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There are legendary treasures that are sometimes searched for hundreds of years and cannot be found. Although the places where they were kept seem to be well known. They are mentioned in ancient chronicles, their existence is confirmed by the legends that people pass on from generation to generation. In underground tunnels, caves, quarries, along the banks of rivers and on the tops of mountains, kings, princes, and robbers hid their treasures. Legends are legends, but it seems that all ancient treasures are “spellbound” or as if guarded by evil spirits. At least this is the only way to explain why many of the underground secrets still remain unsolved. Or there are no daredevils? So, the treasures may still be waiting for their discoverers...

1. ... on Vagankovsky Hill (Moscow) The Pashkov House rises on Vagankovsky Hill, on the territory of which the oprichny court of Ivan the Terrible was once located. According to some researchers, not only were secret underground shelters built here, in which the treasury of the Moscow Grand Dukes was stored in case of fires and where the opponents of the king were tortured and killed, but also there was an entrance to the legendary underground Moscow. For the first time, these galleries came across during the construction of the metro “Library im. V. I. Lenin ". The builders opened a passage lined with ancient bricks. Unfortunately, archaeologists were not allowed to dig it out and the entrance was hastily cemented. Only in the 1980s, by order of the Moscow Center for Archaeological Research, detailed geophysical studies were carried out. And under the building, instruments revealed a strange anomaly. The pits made above it revealed a unique archaeological object - a huge well lined with white stone, 8 meters in diameter and about 15 meters deep. According to geophysical instruments, the total depth of the strange well, along the walls of which the remains of a spiral staircase were visible, was 25 - 30 meters. It is assumed that, most likely, this is the entrance to the underground systems of ancient Moscow. It seemed that a little more - and the researchers would reach the bottom of the mysterious well, from which underground galleries radiate in all directions, one of which could be the beginning of new discoveries. But... the clearing work was interrupted, and the secret of the well was never revealed. 2. ... in the Staritsky quarries (Tver region) The ancient Holy Assumption Monastery is located on the Starchenko River. Local speleologists claim that the quarries under it stretch for more than 35 kilometers. And once they were so wide that a team of horses could drive into them, but today they have turned into narrow cracks.

Judging by historical documents, many treasures can be found in these catacombs. The fact is that in the "troubled" XV - XVI centuries, local princes hid their treasury there at every danger that arose. And when Staritsa was surrounded by stone walls, some quarries were connected to the underground caches of princely houses. So, for example, according to some reports, a fortress cache 53 meters long went from under the Tainitskaya tower to the Volga. And passing under the river, he led to the Assumption Monastery on the other side. There, according to legend, the valuables of Prince Andrei Ivanovich can be stored, who hid them in 1537 before a trip to Moscow, from where he did not return. In the capital, he was starved to death in prison by the mother of Ivan the Terrible, Elena Glinskaya. There may also be the treasury of Prince Vladimir, which he hid in 1569, also before a trip to Moscow, from where he also did not return - Ivan the Terrible poisoned him. Some seekers suggest that Staritsy may also contain part of the library of Ivan the Terrible himself, who often visited these parts. In addition, the catacombs may contain church treasures hidden from the looting of the monastery after the 1917 revolution. 3. ... on the Khvorostyanka River (near Mozhaisk)“I sent 923 carts from Moscow with various goodies to the Kaluga Gates to Mozhaisk ...” - this is how the text of the “storeroom record”, compiled, according to legend, in the Time of Troubles (early 1600s) by the Polish king Sigismund begins.

The original of this entry, made on a "copper board" in Latin and Polish, is located in Warsaw. A secretly made list from her, translated into Russian, is distributed among Russian treasure seekers. The fact is that in 1611 the Poles sacked Moscow. And, according to Karamzin, “they robbed the royal treasury, took all the utensils of our ancient crowned bearers, their crowns, wands, vessels, rich clothes to send to Sigismund ... ripped off the salaries from the icons, divided gold, silver, pearls, stones and fabrics precious." It was these "trophies" that made up 923 carts with good, which were buried near Mozhaisk. But, despite the fact that the letter of the Polish king indicates quite clear signs of the buried treasure - "the treasures are hidden 650 meters from the churchyard of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker Lapotny, which stands on the Khvorostyanka River at the junction of Mozhaisk and Medyn districts" - they still have not been found .

4. ... in the estate of Count Rostopchin (Podolsky district) In 1800, Count Governor-General of Moscow Fyodor Rostopchin lived in the Voronovo estate, which was nicknamed “little Versailles” for its wealth.

Marble statues for the park were brought here from Italy. Furniture, antique vases, porcelain, silver, paintings were brought from Paris, Rome, London. During the war with Napoleon on September 19, 1812, the Russian army, whose headquarters was located near "Voronovo", in the village of Krasnaya Pakhra, retreated. And Rostopchin defiantly set fire to his palace so as not to leave anything to the French. But after the war, there were rumors that the count's treasures were safely hidden in the underground labyrinths of the estate. In the 1980s, during repairs at the Voronovo estate, builders really stumbled upon the remains of an underground passage. They tried to go through them, but the vaults seemed unreliable, and the entrance to the dungeon was covered with earth. 5. ... in Kudeyarova Gora (Saratov region) Until now, there are many legends, epics and songs in the Saratov region about the dashing robber Kudeyar, who “spoiled” in these places. Like, he shed a lot of blood, collected a lot of booty and buried it in a treasured place.

The seekers of robber treasures along the Alatyr River raised the whole earth “on end”. However, most often treasure hunters turn their eyes to the cave of Kudeyarova Gora, not far from the village of Lokh. It is believed that it was in it that the robber hid his treasures. According to another version, to the east of Shatura (Moscow region), in the region of lakes Karasovo, Dolgoye and Velikoye, there is a mysterious place called Vorui-gorodok, where the legendary ataman could also once hide his treasures.

6. ...at the bottom of Lake Baikal Admiral Alexander Kolchak during the Civil War was one of the leaders of the White movement. "Kolchak's Gold" - part of the gold reserves of the Russian Empire, which ended up in Baikal as a result of the collapse of a train in 1919 - the road was blown up. In 2009, they tried to find 200 tons of gold bars using Mir deep-sea submersibles. But to no avail.

7. ... in Mount Shapka (Far East) At the confluence of the Curly River with the Amur there is a mountain, which the local population called Shapka. Previously, at the confluence of these rivers, there was the capital of the ancient state of the Jurgens. In the 12th century, the Jurchen tribes conquered all the northern and northeastern provinces of China. They robbed and killed everyone indiscriminately. In Beijing, they ran the market, trading in pearls and gold. But under the pressure of the troops of Genghis Khan, the Jurjeni joined the hordes of the Mongols and left for Central Asia and Europe. And, according to legend, they hid their innumerable treasures in Mount Shapka.

8. ... House of Rastorguev (Yekaterinburg) In the center of the city on Voznesenskaya Gorka stands the Palace of Children's and Youth Creativity. Previously, it was the estate of the famous gold miner Lev Rastorguev. In the middle of the 19th century, deep dungeons were dug under the house. At first they served as chapels for the Old Believers, and then Rastorguev began to store gold there, brought from mines that belonged to him. He mercilessly killed all the uninitiated, able to find out where the treasures were stored, and the corpses were walled up in underground labyrinths. In the 1960s, some kids broke into an old woodshed near the palace and dug up a metal ring in the floor. They pulled it - and the hatch leading to the dungeon opened. When they went down, they saw human skeletons chained to the wall, wrapped in chains. Panic arose, and by decision of the authorities, the entrance to the tunnel was blocked with stones. And Rastorguev's gold has not yet been found.

And near Yekaterinburg, in a cave on the Chusovaya River, Emelyan Pugachev hid the chests in which his personal treasury was located.

9. ... on the island of Matua (Sakhalin) During the Second World War, allied aircraft, bombing everything that belonged to Japan in the Pacific Ocean, bypassed the uninhabited Matua side. And when the war ended, President Truman turned to Stalin with an unexpected request - to provide the United States with Matua.

Why did this island, located in the center of the Kuril chain, attract America so much? During the war, the Japanese turned it into an impregnable fortress. And in 1945, he went to the USSR. It was pitted up and down with artificial caves. In one of them - the largest - a submarine could easily hide. Numerous pillboxes, hangars, and an airfield have been built. But, according to experts, all these striking grandiose structures are only the visible part of the Japanese secret underground fortress. Some researchers suggest that there are secret laboratories that developed secret weapons that were never used during the war. Others are sure that Japan's gold reserves are hidden there. 10. ... in Kladovaya Gora (Penza region) Near the town Bednodemyanovsk(founded in 1779) there is a low mountain Kladovaya. Inside it, according to rumors of the local population, there are many caves in which robbers hid the stolen gold at the end of the 18th century. That is why the mountain was called Pantry.

And in the rivers Volga and Moksha (Penza region) and on their banks, Stepan Razin hid treasures. FROM THE DOSIER "KP" Where else are the treasures hidden? BELARUS. The residence of the Radziwill magnates in Nesvizh was a real fortress with many underground secret passages leading from the palace. In one of the underground vaults, "there was hundreds of pounds of gold, a lot of gold jewelry" - this was reported in a letter to Empress Catherine II by one of her ambassadors. There were even kept figures of the twelve apostles in the growth of a man, cast in gold and silver. All this disappeared at the beginning of the 19th century during the era of the Napoleonic wars. Treasures of the Radziwills are unsuccessfully sought to this day. According to one of the legends, the princely treasure is located in a huge tunnel more than 35 kilometers long, which in the 17th century connected two castles of the Radziwills - Nesvizh and Mir. According to another version, the repository is located in Nesvizh under the palace itself or galleries adjacent to it. UKRAINE . Ukrainian tycoon Prince Jeremiah Vishnevetsky hid his treasures in the city of Lubny (now Poltava region in Ukraine) in underground tunnels that lie at a depth of 3 to 7 meters. In addition, at the bottom of the Black Sea, not far from the Balaklava Bay, since the Crimean War, the Black Prince ship has been lying, stuffed, according to various sources, from 500 thousand to 5 million pounds sterling. GEORGIA. On the slopes of Mount Kazbek at an altitude of 4100 meters there is a hard-to-reach Betlani cave. In it, according to legend, the Georgian kings hid their treasures. KYRGYZSTAN. Treasures of Genghis Khan are kept at the bottom of the Issyk-Kul lake or in the Kurmenty cave. CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA. On the islands in the Caribbean, the Gulf of Mexico, and on Skeleton Island, treasure chests are hidden near Spyglass Hill. There is evidence that the treasures of such famous sea robbers as Francis Drake, Henry Morgan, Thomas Baskerville, Francois Lecrerc are still stored on the shores of Cuba and the Dominican Republic.

FRANCE. The Templars hid the gold in the secret vaults of their castles. There were 9 thousand of them in 1327. JORDAN. On the coast of the Dead Sea from Jordan, in one of the hills, there is a cave where, according to legend, a treasure with 20 tons of gold and silver is kept. SEYCHELLES. The famous "gentlemen of fortune" - Captain Kidd and the pirate La Buse hid the stolen jewelry there.

ACTION "KP" And for the search for Napoleon's treasure undertook "Komsomolskaya Pravda"! In the autumn of 1812, when Napoleon's army left the plundered Moscow, it took 200 carts with gold with it. But along the way, the convoy mysteriously disappeared. It was hard to escape from Russian soldiers with 80 tons of treasures. And it was decided to hide the convoy. Where is unknown. Today, historians point to five alleged places of the treasure: near Orsha, Vilnius, in the Berezina River, on Semlevsky Lake. Or about 300 kilometers from Moscow, away from the Smolensk road, in a triangle between Yelnya, Kaluga and Smolensk. Soon "Komsomolskaya Pravda" goes to those places on an expedition (see "KP" "It became known where Napoleon's treasure is buried" and Napoleon's treasure is hidden in five places?).

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Napoleon's treasure is hidden in five places. Historians confirm that the convoy with gold existed. And he really disappeared. Svetlana KUZINA

For several generations, brave treasure hunters have been trying to find the legendary convoy of Emelyan Pugachev himself, a fugitive Cossack who raised an uprising throughout the country. On his way, he mercilessly plundered cities and landowners' estates. And since it was inconvenient to carry carts with silver and gold with him, he hid the loot. Pugachev hid one of these golden carts not far from the Bashkir town of Beloretsk, in the mountainous part of the republic. A couple of centuries ago, there were a lot of copper mining plants there - great prey for a robber.

Of course, this is the dream of any treasure hunter, but finding it is almost impossible and very expensive. The equipment is expensive, the equipment is expensive, and they are hidden in lakes and dense forests, where you can’t just get there. In total, about 200-300 people in Bashkiria are fond of treasure digging, and they have already found all the main treasures. One of the best treasure hunters, Don Aleksey, once found a bronze cannon of the 16th century. To do this, I had to dig one and a half meters.

But Pugachev's gold is not the only treasure of Bashkiria.

In 1989, in the Alsheevsky district of the republic, diggers found a real treasure with a thousand-year history. Scientists especially single out two dishes, one of which is decorated with an engraved image of a king on horseback, striking a boar with a spear. The second dish depicts a flying mountain goat with a fluttering scarf around its neck - the image of the Iranian god of luck. According to archaeologists, the find is at least a thousand years old. Part of the treasure (according to its location it was called Avryuztamaksky) safely disappeared, the other was transferred to the fund of the Sterlitamak Museum of Local History.

Among the missing things from this treasure were figures (heads, legs) of camels, a camel was depicted on a golden kumgan. The products of the Avryuztamak treasure were of Central Asian origin. The objects of this treasure are direct archaeological evidence of the existence of the camel cult in the early Middle Ages on the territory of Bashkortostan.

By the way, the first question that worries all treasure hunters is: if you are lucky and find something, will it be possible to take it for yourself?

Expert opinion

director of the legal bureau "Enikeev and partners"

Several students of the vocational school helped to dig a trench on Kirov Street and found a large black cylinder, in which lay a lot of gold chervonets with a portrait of Emperor Nicholas II. So no one would have known about the find, but one of the guys accidentally let it slip or boasted to friends. In the end, everyone was arrested, and a noisy process began in the city with the stigmatization of "those who hid the people's property."

This story ended well: the treasure was taken away from the guys, and they themselves were released.