The baby was born. A happy mom has a time of worries, worries and worries. The main thing that now worries a mother who is breastfeeding is whether the baby gets enough nutrition, fatty or not her milk?

Breastfeeding

First feeding

Milk after childbirth begins to arrive usually by the fourth day. The baby is brought to the first feeding, most often on the second day. And now the young mother begins to worry that her baby will remain hungry, that there is very little milk. You shouldn't do this for several reasons:

• The newborn is still weakly sucking his mother's breast (the sucking reflex is poorly developed), he needs to learn this, so he eats very little.
• Colostrum, which is now produced by the mother's body, is fatty and nutritious. It contains everything necessary to ensure the full life of the newborn.
• The volume of the ventricle in infants is still very small (on the first day, only about 10 ml), therefore, the amount of colostrum eaten per feeding is also small, about 7 - 9 ml.
• It turns out to feed the child 10 - 12 per day, that is, for the first day the baby's norm is about 100 ml of milk.
• You should not think that the baby will remain hungry, because there is not enough milk. It will start arriving soon. But unnecessary worries can delay the increase in lactation.

Milk rates in the first ten days

How much milk a baby will eat now depends only on its weight and age. From day to day, the volume of the ventricle in a newborn increases, and the volume of milk consumed increases accordingly.

• On the second day, the baby drinks about 20 grams in one feeding, the daily dose is 200-240 ml,
• On the third - 30 ml (300-340 ml, respectively) and so on.
• For a child of the first 10 days of life, you can calculate the required amount of milk consumption for 1 feeding by simply multiplying the number of days from birth by 10.

Nutritional formula for the first 10 days: N (number of days) * 10 = one-time feeding volume in ml.

Accurate scales for measuring the weight of a newborn baby

More precisely, the volume of a single dose of milk consumed can be determined by weighing the baby on a medical scale before and immediately after feeding. The difference between the results of weighing is the volume of milk drunk by the baby. It is advisable to weigh several feedings in a row. Knowing the approximate dose ( see above standards), you will understand whether the baby is sucking his portion or not.

When and how is it better to feed a baby?

After ten days, mommy's milk will stop coming. Now the approximate amount eaten per day will be equal to a fifth of the weight of the baby.

Children's pediatricians have come to the conclusion that it is not necessary to force-feed a child during strictly allotted hours. It is better to wait until the baby himself demands to feed him. Usually this happens 10-12 times a day with an interval of 1.5 - 2 hours.

As a rule, the baby actively sucks the breast for 15-30 minutes, sometimes even 40. It happens that the baby has sucked out all the milk, but continues to suck the breast for some time, either sucking out the last drops of milk, or he just likes the sucking process itself. Don't let him breastfeed for more than an hour.

Table of nutritional norms up to a year

Child's age

The amount of milk eaten per feeding, ml

The amount of milk eaten per day

How much breast milk or formula should a baby eat

The amount of milk eaten by an infant depends on the characteristics of development, age and health. Most often, mothers of babies who are bottle-fed are worried about this. After all, when feeding, they can clearly control the amount of milk mixture that the baby sucks out, and in which case they sound the alarm. With properly organized breastfeeding, things are more complicated - the child himself regulates the amount of milk he needs and determining the amount of breast milk eaten is no longer so simple. Nevertheless, in both cases, the child must consume the amount of food that corresponds to the physiological norms derived from many years of observation and experience of pediatricians in order to meet the needs of his body.

Average age norms of milk or mixture

During the first attachments to the breast, the baby eats very little. The fact is that for some time after childbirth, a woman does not secrete milk, but colostrum, which has a high calorie content. Even a few drops of it are enough for the baby to eat. It takes a few days for the colostrum to turn into milk. At this time, it is important not to waste time and establish breastfeeding (HF) correctly so that the baby is provided with breast milk for a long time. But not always and not everyone does it without problems, and for a number of reasons, milk may not be enough. The reasons for the lack of breast milk and how to increase its amount, read in this article. The lack of breast milk is understood as its amount below the norm, which is established taking into account the general and individual characteristics of the baby.

Norms for one feeding for infants up to 10 days

On the first day, the newborn eats 7-9 ml of food per feeding. To calculate the amount of food that a child should eat up to 10 days, you need to take the age of the child in days and multiply it by 10. That is, in 3 days for one feeding, the child is supposed to suck out 30 ml of milk or milk formula.

Daily allowances for children under 1 year old

These norms, developed on the basis of a volumetric calculation method, do not take into account the individual characteristics of the child, which must also be taken into account. So for babies with a birth weight of more than 4 kg, this norm may be insufficient, and for small children it is too large.

Norms for a large child at birth and a child with high rates of physical development

How to calculate the amount of formula or milk by baby's weight

To determine how much milk your baby's stomach needs, simple calculations will help, taking into account, in addition to age, such individual characteristics of the baby as weight, height, and health status. When using them for full-term babies in the first days of life, you need to remember that they can give inflated results for the amount of milk.

Children in the first 10 days of life

1. Finkelstein's formula modified by A.F. Tura.
   The amount of milk per day (ml) \u003d Child's life day × 70 or 80, where
   70 - with body weight less than 3200g,
   80 - with a body weight above 3200g.
2. Formula N.F. Filatov modified by G.I. Zaitseva(considered the most optimal for calculating this age category of children).
   The amount of milk per day (ml) \u003d 2% of body weight × Child's life day.
3. Formula N.P. Shabalov.
   The amount of milk per feeding (ml) = 3.0 × Child's life day × body weight (kg).

For children over 10 days old

1. Reiche method.
   The amount of milk per day (ml) \u003d Body weight (g) / height of the child (cm) × 7.
2. Calculation method according to Geibener and Czerny (volumetric method). Takes into account the daily volume of milk or formula without additional drinking.

The calorie counting method or the so-called calorie method assumes that a child should consume a certain number of calories per 1 kg of body weight per day. Different literary sources contain different information on this matter. The maximum values ​​are contained in the WHO recommendations, which also take into account the energy value of breast milk that changes with the age of the child.

The simplest and easiest way to use this method is to calculate the volume of the milk mixture, since its calorie content is indicated in advance on the package. For information on how to choose a mixture for a newborn, read this article. With breast milk, everything is more complicated. The composition and energy value of breast milk is not constant and changes throughout the entire lactation period. For this reason, in relation to breast milk, this method is more approximate. But still, you can use it, knowing the average energy value of breast milk, which is 53-80 kcal / 100 ml.

Example

Let's say that the volume of the mixture for a two-month-old baby weighing 4600 g is required with a caloric content of the mixture of 680 kcal / l.

Calculation procedure

1. We calculate the number of calories for a child per day, using the data on the daily need of the child in calories per 1 kg of body weight, for example, according to Maslov V.S.:
   Number of kcal \u003d Daily energy requirement of the child, kcal / kg × Child weight, kg.
   The number of kcal \u003d 115 kcal / kg × 4.6 kg \u003d 529 kcal.
2. We calculate the volume of the mixture per day needed by the child:
   The volume of the mixture, ml \u003d Number of kcal × 1000 / calorie content of 1 liter of the mixture.
   The volume of the mixture, ml = 529 kcal × 1000/680 kcal = 780 ml

When using this method, it is also necessary to take into account the appropriateness of the child's weight for his age.

The amount of food per day in children of the first year of life should not exceed 1000 ml, and in children of the second half of the year 1000-1100 ml.

Regardless of which norms you use, remember that a baby who has had to be supplemented by a mother or who is exclusively on formula should consume the same amount of nutrition as any other baby who is breastfed.

Nutrition calculation for premature babies

The nutrition of a premature baby is made taking into account the needs of the body and the capabilities of the digestive system, since the energy needs are very high, and the digestive capacity is not yet sufficient.

The number of calories per 1 kg of body weight for a premature baby in the first days and weeks of life is presented in the table.

From the second month of life, children born with a weight of more than 1500 g, the calorie content is reduced by 5 kcal / kg / day (compared to the first month of life), and in children born with a weight of 1000-1500 g, the calorie content of the diet is maintained for up to 3 months on the same level, as in the first month of life. Then they begin to reduce calorie content by 5-10 kcal / kg / body weight, taking into account the state of health and well-being of the baby.

When calculating nutrition for premature babies, they also use the Rommel formula:

Volume of milk in ml per 100 g of baby's weight = age in days +10

Child age 4 days, weight 2000 g

• Daily milk volume = (4 + 10) * 20 = 280 ml
• Single serving at 7 feedings per day = 280/7 = 40 ml

The formula is indicative, as following it exactly can lead to overfeeding. Therefore, it is still preferable to use the calorie calculation method indicated above.

Increasing the amount of food in premature babies should be done gradually and carefully. If the baby's condition worsens, then the amount of food should be reduced.
Feeding in the first 1.5-2 months. produced 7-10 times / day. Six meals a day are transferred when the child reaches a body weight of 3 kg. A 6-7 month old baby will be ready to switch to 5 meals a day.

Calculation of nutrition for small and sick children (WHO recommendations)

These recommendations apply to children in the first 10 days of life. Underweight babies are defined as babies born weighing less than 2500 grams. This can include both premature babies and babies just small for their age.

For such children, the volume of milk per kg of body weight should initially be 60 milliliters. Further, every day it is necessary to increase the total volume of sucked milk by 20 milliliters per 1 kg of weight, until the child starts drinking 200 milliliters per 1 kg of weight per day.

Sick children are children who weigh more than 2500 grams and who, due to illness, cannot breastfeed. For such children, the amount of milk should be 150 milliliters per 1 kg of body weight per day.

The rate of consumption of milk or formula for one feeding

A single portion of the mixture should be calculated based on the number of feedings per day. However, here mothers often come to a standstill, not knowing how many feedings to consider the norm. To do this, you can refer to the table in which the number of feedings is given taking into account the age of the child.

How much breast milk or formula should a newborn eat at one feeding: a table with monthly norms

With the advent of a child, along with joy, a lot of related troubles come to the house. What new parents do not have to worry about in order to create all the conditions for a comfortable life of the baby, however, of all the variety of concerns that have appeared for any mother, feeding is in the first place, because the health and general condition of a new family member depends on it.

It would seem that such a simple daily process as feeding is not capable of causing difficulties, but for all mothers it is associated with a lot of anxieties and worries. It is necessary to consider how, when and how often to feed the baby, to control the amount of milk eaten. How much a newborn should eat is influenced by two factors:

• type of feeding;
• baby's age.

Lactation

The most difficult time during breastfeeding is the first week after birth, when mother and baby are just learning to understand each other and adapt to new conditions. Newborns eat very little and this is quite natural, since their sucking reflex is still poorly developed. They are just learning to eat their mother's breasts and get tired quickly in the process. For a day, a mother can apply crumbs to her breast up to 10-12 times, sometimes more.

It is very important for a young mother these days to remain calm and not worry that the baby may not receive enough milk and remain hungry.

• Firstly, in children of the first days of life, the size of the stomach is very small - about 10 ml, therefore, it can accommodate no more than 7-9 ml per feeding (this is about 100 ml per day).
• Secondly, during this period, not milk is produced in the mother's body, but colostrum. Nutritious and fatty, it contains all the necessary substances to meet the needs of the baby. But extra nerves can provoke a delay and a decrease in lactation.

The norm of milk for children in the first ten days of life

About 3-4 days after giving birth, most mothers have milk. Now the amount of milk that the baby will receive depends on his age and weight. Every day, the size of his stomach increases, which means that the volume of milk eaten also increases. Already on the second day, the baby drinks 20 ml of mother's milk for one application to the breast, which is 200-240 ml per day. On the third day, this figure increases to 30 ml, that is, the daily rate should be 300-340 ml.

Baby feeding schedule

After 7-10 days, the arrival of milk stops- from now on, the amount of milk that a child usually requires for feeding is one fifth of his weight.

In addition to the amount of milk needed by the baby, mothers are interested in:

1. when to apply the baby to the chest (we recommend reading: how to properly attach a newborn baby to the chest?);
2. how often to feed your little miracle;
3. how long to let the baby suck on the breast (we recommend reading: how long should a newborn suck on the mother's breast?).

Today, pediatricians recommend adhering to an arbitrary regimen: not strictly feed every 3 hours, as they insisted before, but at the request of the baby himself. With this approach, the child can be on the mother's breast 10-12 times a day. The intervals between feedings are 1.5-2 hours.

The usual duration of one feeding is approximately 15-30 minutes. During this time, the baby actively eats the breast and has time to eat. True, there are often exceptions to the rule: for example, if a mother has a lot of milk, a little one can give up her breast after 5-10 minutes. There is also the opposite situation - after eating, the baby continues to remain on the chest for an hour or longer. In this case, he most likely just likes the process itself, but it is better to try not to let the baby stay on the mother’s chest for too long (more than 60 minutes).

Common norms for breastfeeding

Daily and one-time amount of breast milk by months for children under 1 year old:

How do you know if a baby has eaten the right amount of breast milk? To do this, you need ordinary children's scales. The difference obtained by weighing the baby before and immediately after eating is the amount of milk that he got. For a more correct result, such weighing should be repeated several times.

Mothers, especially those with their first child, are very worried about their baby gaining weight, and can weigh the crumbs, if not every week, then 2-3 times a month for sure (we recommend reading: the baby does not gain weight well while breastfeeding) . If the baby is moderately well-fed and healthy, you should not constantly put him on the scales - 1 weighing per month in the hospital is enough.

Nuances with artificial feeding

When a child is an artificial person, the feeding regimen and rules have their own characteristics:

1. The child should be fed at least 8 times a day (for more details, see the article: what should I feed a child up to a year?).
2. On artificial feeding, the stomach digests incoming food more slowly. The interval between day meals ranges from 2.5 to 3 hours, and between night meals can reach 5-6 hours.
3. It is important not to overfeed your baby. During the first days, the sucking reflex will develop well, and sucking on the nipple is much easier than on the breast.
4. Do not worry if the little one ate milk formula or less than normal milk. At the next feeding, will he get the right amount by eating more than he should? so there is no need to force feed him the entire norm. Better to wait until he gets hungry again.
5. If after a short period of time after eating the child begins to cry, there is no need to rush and force him to eat again. He probably has a stomach ache from the air that got in there. Help the baby burp by holding it upright for a few minutes.

Calculation of the daily norm for children on artificial feeding

The task of parents is simplified when the child is not breastfed, but eats formula. Each package of milk formula indicates exactly how much a newborn should eat of this particular mixture. Is it possible to independently calculate the required rate?

Daily portion of milk for artificial children up to 1 year:

How to calculate: how much should a child eat in one feeding with artificial feeding?

The most important issue for young parents is the health of their child. One of the main aspects on which it depends is proper and rationed nutrition.

But sometimes, for one reason or another, it is necessary to give the newborn artificial nutrition. In this case, parents face a difficult task - to figure out how much a small child should eat with artificial feeding.

First feeding

Almost always, milk is noticeably formed in young mothers on the fourth day after childbirth. But the baby asks for food already on the second day. Most parents who have not previously been engaged in feeding children, in this case, begin to worry about whether there will be enough milk.

In this case, there is no need to worry because:

• in newborns, the sucking reflex is still almost not developed, so they do not drink much milk; at birth, the first feeding usually takes a few minutes; when the baby learns to properly suck on his mother's breast, he will already have enough milk;
• in the first days, the mother does not secrete milk, but colostrum, which has a high rate of fat content and nutrients. A small portion is enough to make the newborn feel good;
• colostrum is formed quickly, but in a small amount - for ten feedings within twenty-four hours, the baby will be able to receive a daily volume of milk of 100 milliliters;
• newly born children do not need much food;
• lactation begins to appear already on the first day, even if after the birth of the baby there was not even a hint of it.

Important! anxiety can lead to stress, which, on the contrary, will negatively affect its appearance.

A woman should not worry that colostrum will negatively affect the baby. Scientists have proven that the substance is mandatory for a newborn. It strengthens the immunity of the baby, and also allows him to grow healthy and strong.

Norms of feeding in the first ten days

The first ten days are the most important for the formation of the baby's body. Proper nutrition allows you to avoid many diseases and problems in the future. To calculate how much mixture a newborn should eat, special formulas have been created. They are calculated from the fact that the baby is growing and developing rapidly, and the volume of the stomach of the newborn is increasing.

The dose should be increased every day:

• on the day of his birth, the baby needs at least 100 milliliters of milk;
• on the second day - not less than 200 and not more than 240 milliliters;
• on the third day - not less than 300 and not more than 340 milliliters.

The next forty-eight hours, the dose of one feeding is 20 milliliters. Every day it needs to be increased by 10 milliliters.

The exact volume can be calculated using 2 formulas:

• multiply the number of days of the baby's age by 10;
• subtract a certain number from his body weight depending on age.

Table: nutritional norms up to a year with artificial feeding

If the newborn is fed in a standard way, the rate is calculated in a different way. Not real milk or a mixture differs from the mother's in the composition and concentration of nutrients. There is no clear formula that would allow you to calculate how much mixture babies need. The daily volume is calculated depending on the age and weight of the baby.

How much should a newborn eat per feeding

The correct development of the baby is determined by the quality and quantity of milk eaten. To ensure the first indicator, certain conditions are needed - the correct menu of the mother, good sleep and rest. And to calculate how many grams a baby should eat per day, standard rules apply.

Norm for a newborn

After delivery, the woman's body is rebuilt to a new rhythm. The hormonal background changes, the increased production of prolactin, the hormone of lactation, begins. Rebuilding takes how many days, during this period, only colostrum is excreted in a woman, whose value for a newborn is irreplaceable. The composition of the liquid is nutritious, soft for the unprepared gastrointestinal tract system of the baby, easily digested.

Colostrum is produced as much as a newborn should eat per day - 40-60 ml, for one feeding he sucks out 9-11 ml. But the high calorie content of this food provides full saturation with the necessary substances.

Milk will appear within 2-4 days, so first you need to breastfeed a newborn 9–12 times. The response of the gland to the sucking reflex stimulates high-quality lactation.

The calculation algorithm that calculates how much milk a newborn should eat in one feeding at the very beginning of life looks like this:

Norm \u003d K * 10, where K is the number of days of his age.

Given that in the first 2–3 days the child is applied to the breast 9–12 times, then, on the tenth day, 7–9 times, the norms for how much a newborn should eat at the very beginning of life are summarized in a single table:

Mom cannot find out how much in milliliters the baby ate while suckling, so weighing method is used on the advice of pediatricians. Before giving a breast, you need to use the scales, write down the numbers that they showed, after the meal, do the same. Subtract the first from the second indicator: the difference will show how much the newborn ate in one feeding.

How many times to feed a baby

The baby's organs in the first days from birth are very small in volume, including the stomach, it processes only 0.1 liters of food. With age, the capabilities of the gastrointestinal tract increase, a newborn can consume 0.3–0.35 liters of milk per day from the 3rd day onwards, he asks for breasts less often. Child under the age of one month eats 6-8 times a day.

How much a child should eat at 1 month with proper development depends on established habits, physiological characteristics, but certain conditions must be observed.

• feed no more than 20 minutes each breast;
• no need to add water;
• the nipple should be clasped together with the areola;
• apply a posture from under the arm;
• before feeding, you need to express the first milliliters.

It is preferable to breastfeed the baby on demand. This will preserve lactation and completely saturate the baby. When discussing how much a newborn should eat, pediatricians advise do not clean up feeding at night. It is at night that a maximum of prolactin is produced, which contributes to the preservation of lactation. Together with night nutrition, 11-12 applications per day will satisfy the child's need for milk by 100%.

Monthly calculation

For the first 30 days, feeding continues on an “on demand” basis, while special algorithms are used to calculate how much a newborn should eat under these conditions. According to one of them, from the 11th day it is proposed to give 0.25 of the baby's body weight per day, gradually adding volume, by 1.5 months to 0.2 of the weight per day (with a normal set). For example, if a child at the age of 30 days gained 4.0 kg in weight, then there should be 800 ml of food per day. Indicators have an error due to differences in individual physiology.

Not a single pediatrician will say with 100% accuracy what the infant's nutritional norm is by months for a specific age, they advise using the rules for calculating averages.

Calculation table by months

Gradually, you need to increase the intervals between feedings by 25-35 minutes. By 6 months of age, intervals between meals increase to four and a half hours sleep time up to 8 hours. Popular children's doctor E.O. Komarovsky advises not to give the child a breast as soon as he cried, the reason is not always hunger, discomfort in the body is possible - colic, teething, etc.

When is mixed nutrition required?

If the wet diaper test shows a lack of breast milk, need to supplement. How many grams of artificial milk a newborn should eat depends on the number of remaining dry diapers.

For a single urination of a child up to 3 months, 60 ml of milk is spent. That is, if 4 diapers are not enough to 12, then you need to add 4 * 60 = 240 ml of supplementary feeding per day. The older the child, the greater the rate of milk processed into urine. For example, at 5 months one diaper = 80 ml of milk.

Supplementation rules:

1. Start with half a teaspoon.
2. Track the reaction in a day.
3. In the absence of allergies and pronounced colic, introduce supplementary feeding.
4. The volume per feeding is calculated from the total requirement divided equally by the number of meals.
5. Formula feed after breastfeeding.
6. You can completely change to artificial nutrition one-time feeding, without dividing it into a day.

When a baby at 4 months lacks 160 ml of milk, you can in the morning replace the meal with a bottle of formula or add 20–25 ml throughout the day.

Each mother can choose individually how much formula the baby should eat at a time when supplementing. If the missing amount is divided into 2 doses - in the morning feeding and in the evening, and the child tolerates mixed nutrition normally, then this is an individual norm.

artificial feeding

Natural mother's milk is able to adapt to the development of the body of a newborn - the quantitative and nutritional composition changes every month, the range of useful elements expands. The mixture will not adjust in this way, so the human factor is turned on, the mother must calculate and make a menu so as not to overload the baby's gastrointestinal tract with excess carbohydrates, fats and proteins.

Methods for calculating the norm

Artificial feeding of newborns is used in 20% of cases immediately after delivery. You can calculate the rate using the volume indicators per day, which were mentioned above. But, since the mixture is absorbed in the stomach longer, the number of attachments to the breast and the volume of the mixture at a time will decrease.

1. Volume. It is calculated as natural nutrition, but since there will be fewer requirements, you can increase a single intake by 20 grams. It is necessary to monitor weight gain monthly: if the norm is exceeded, stop adding volume.
2. high calorie. To calculate how much mixture the baby should eat, the calorie content of the product is taken into account. For one kilogram, normal nutrition should give the child 120 calories up to six months. For example, with an indicator of 700 kcal / l for a child weighing 4 kg, you need 120 * 4 = 480 kcal. Then (480 * 1000 / 700 = 685 ml of the mixture is needed per day.
3. Age. The calculation was proposed by one of the first pediatricians in Russia, Shkarin A.N. The age of 2 months is taken as the starting point, and the norm of this age is 0.8 liters. For each of the first 8 weeks, the norm is 0.05 liters less than 800 ml, and for each subsequent month after two - 0.05 liters more.
4. For chubby babies. In the first 30 days, give 800 ml (the maximum allowable volume), each next add 0.05 liters per day, by six months a day, the norm will approach 1 liter (the minimum required).
5. By height and weight. The calculation was proposed by the professor of pediatrics Reich at the beginning of the 20th century.

S - daily rate;

Artificial feeding of newborns should be completely exclude "grandmother's" advice on eating goat or cow's milk from the first days. There is so much calcium and phosphorus in the composition of such products that children's kidneys cannot cope with the removal of these elements from the body. The result - complications in the development of the skeletal system, genitourinary, vascular.

• Feed with a nipple with a small hole to develop the sucking reflex, avoid overeating.
• Buy a hypoallergenic adapted mixture.
• Do not focus on sterilizing the bottle, just wash it well with hot water.
• Do not give vitamin D, it is enough in the mixture.
• Drink water between feedings, 50 ml each.
• Give preference to feeding by the hour.
• Break 3-4 hours;
• You don't have to wake up your baby to eat.

The birth of a baby is the best thing that can happen! But along with happiness, parents have a number of questions: how to dress the baby, when to sleep, and most importantly, how much milk can be given per feeding. First of all, nutrition should be balanced, and the body should absorb it well.

The size of the stomach in a newborn

Data on the size of the child's stomach may surprise you, because on the first day it is only 7 milliliters.

That is, in order to fill it enough to give just one spoonful of mother's milk . The product does not overload the digestive system, and most importantly, meets all the needs of the baby. In addition, the walls of the stomach are very dense and they simply cannot take more milk.

However, we must not forget that your child is growing and already on the third day from birth he will be able to eat about 30 milliliters milk per feeding. On the seventh day - 60 , and almost three times more per month - 150 .

The amount of milk for a newborn per feeding by month

In the first month after birth, lactation begins, and the mother should put the baby to the breast as often as possible.

Thus, more and more milk will be produced, so that no nutritional problems will arise. But how much milk should be given depending on age and how often this should be done:

1. Aged up to one month baby in bitches eats about 700 ml milk, for one feeding approximately 100 ml .
2. Aged from a month to two the number of milliliters increases by 200, that is, now the child will eat 900 ml, each time 140 ml .
3. Two to four months no more 1000 ml per day, per feeding 160 ml.
4. Four months to six months dosage is increased by 200–250 ml, for one feeding the baby can eat 180 ml .
5. Another gap - six months to nine. The dosage practically does not change, but now the baby will eat in one feeding 200 ml.
6. Nine months to a year old the child drinks about a day 1300 ml milk, for one feeding mom can give him 240 ml milk or more.

How to feed at night?

At night, children eat one twice a day, during the day it is recommended to feed every three hours.

But of course, everyone has a different diet and it all depends on individual characteristics. Many mothers do not comply with these dosages at all and give as much milk as the child wants to eat.

Feeding rules

Young parents can be confused by myths, advice, and everything else that is given not only by doctors, but also by those close to them. But how to feed the child correctly and what advice should you still trust? There is a whole list of rules that you must follow:

1. Mother's breasts must be clean Before feeding the baby, you need to wash it, the same goes for hands.
2. Attach the baby to the breast correctly . In order for the lower jaw to wrap around as much of the areola as possible, the nipple must point upwards.
3. Make sure that while feeding the head was higher than the body otherwise the child may choke.
4. For one feeding let's have one breast change it next time.
5. but there is a lot of milk in the breast, express it .
6. Baby needs to be fed at night .
7. By time the child should eat at least 15 minutes , and make sure that he swallows milk, and not just sucks his breast like a pacifier.

At first, closeness with the child is very important, try not to be distracted by anything while feeding him.

For your own convenience, master several positions for feeding. During the whole time while you are feeding the baby, try not to experience stress, because all this will be passed on to the child.

Control of milk intake in newborns

The main indicator that the child eats fully is his increasing height and weight.

However, not all mothers can wait to go to the clinic for control weighing. They try to track how much the child should eat on their own.

But not everyone knows how to get a reliable result:

1. Weigh your baby before and after feeding , there are special tray scales for this. You need to do this every day, otherwise the results will be unreliable.
2. . Another way to find out how much a child has eaten is to weigh and measure it every seven days. Until the 13th week, the baby gains about 200 grams. If the result obtained differs greatly from this indicator, it is necessary to consult a doctor as soon as possible.
3. Watch out for diapers! You will have to give up diapers for a few days. Mom has to count wet diapers all this time. The first month after birth, the child pees very often, up to twenty times a day. That is why if you see that the number of diapers is less than fifteen, you need to visit a pediatrician.
4. Pay attention to the mood and well-being of the child . If he behaves well, sleeps fully, is actively awake, and eats, as before, there is no reason for concern. But a whiny and restless baby should alert, it is possible that he is malnourished.

Breastfeeding is first and foremost a smart approach. A nursing mother should know how much her baby eats, what is the norm, and you should also not forget about your diet. In this case, enough milk will be allocated, and there will be no problems in the future.

Features of artificial feeding

If the child does not eat from the mother’s breast, but from the bottle, then you need to know that there are some features here too:

1. Feed your baby at least eight times a day .
2. The baby's stomach digests artificial food much more slowly, and therefore the interval between feedings will be longer .
3. Under no circumstances should you overfeed your baby. . The sucking reflex will develop well already, and sucking on the nipple is, of course, much better than on the breast.
4. If suddenly the child ate the mixture much less, you should not worry. In the next feeding, he is sure get the right amount of milk .
5. If a little time has passed after feeding and the baby suddenly starts crying, then no need to feed him food . It is possible that, due to the fact that air got in. Put it in an upright position and hold for a few minutes.

conclusions

Remember, each small is individual in its own way and the attitude towards it should be special. The child knows better than you how much and when he needs to eat. Just be careful, it will take some time and the correct diet will be developed.

Video about how much a newborn should eat

When establishing breastfeeding or artificial feeding, parents should definitely keep in mind how much a newborn should eat at a time and per day. These data will help to organize the process correctly and will have the most beneficial effect on the physical development of the child.

In the first month of his life, it is very important to prevent both overfeeding and starvation. Special formulas and tables will allow you to calculate the necessary dosages of baby food in each individual case, taking into account the weight and age of the baby.

If a mother is determined to breastfeed, she just needs to know how much milk a newborn should eat, starting from the first days of life. This will allow her to remain calm and not be nervous in vain (after all, experiences will subsequently affect the volume and quality of lactation). What indicators to rely on in this matter?

First feeding

The most exciting days for nursing women are the first three after the birth of the baby. After all, milk begins to arrive only on the fourth. So far, only colostrum comes out of the chest. And anxiety begins that in such a situation the newborn will remain hungry. In fact, you do not need to be afraid of this for the following reasons:

1. The kid himself will not eat much, because at this stage he is very poorly developed, he will only learn this.
2. Yes, and his stomach is very small (volume - only 10 ml) and cannot contain too much food.
3. Colostrum, produced in the early days of the female body, is fat and nutritious. Therefore, it has everything you need to ensure the full life of the newborn.
4. On the fourth day, the amount of milk in the breast will increase naturally, so all these worries about its lack are at first only harmful and completely unfounded.

There is a very simple formula on how to calculate how much a newborn should eat in the first days of his life. The volume of his stomach = 10 ml. It is believed that at this stage he will need about 10 feedings over 24 hours. Accordingly, the daily dose = 100 ml. However, all these figures will change significantly over the next week.

4-10 days

During this period, several other factors will influence how much the newborn will eat:

• the mammary glands of the mother will begin to produce much more milk;
• the volume of the stomach in the crumbs will change, as it will grow by leaps and bounds, and accordingly, the amount of fluid consumed will increase.

For the first 10 days of a newborn's life, there is a special formula for calculating how much milk a newborn should eat in one feeding:

• N (how many days the baby is) x 10 = the volume of what the newborn ate, in ml at a time.

The problem with breastfeeding is that it is difficult to know how much milk a newborn has eaten. The artificers can clearly see everything: there was so much mixture in the bottle - so much is left. It's easy to calculate.

For infants, there is only one way to determine the amount of liquid they have drunk. To do this, you will need medical scales that are particularly accurate. The newborn needs to be weighed on them before and after feeding. The difference between the readings and will be the desired parameter.

1 month

After the tenth day, the mother, on an intuitive level or based on the data received from regular weighings, will know how much her baby eats at a time. Does it comply with the regulations? We calculate again using a special formula:

• N (baby weight): 5 = volume eaten in ml per day;
• V (volume in ml per day) : P (number of feedings per day) = volume eaten in ml per 1 time.

The number of feedings is a very individual indicator. For artificial babies, it is much more convenient to schedule by the hour, because there is no breast milk flow factor to control, but there is a recommended interval between feedings (at least 3 hours).

But for infants, pediatricians consider the best option for meals on demand. This will not allow milk to stagnate, will not lead to mastitis, and the baby will be cheerful and calm, because he will always receive the necessary amount of food.

Another important tip for parents of a baby: do not calculate how much he ate by the amount of time he spent suckling. On average, it is from 15 to 30 minutes. But one child absorbs the required norm in 15 minutes, and the other in only half an hour. For some, even 40 minutes is not enough, because the intensity of sucking is different for everyone. Do not rush the baby, but do not let him stay at the breast for more than an hour. And how to calculate dosages for artificial people?

According to research. As observations have shown, the last 5-10 minutes the newborn sucks at the breast not in order to squeeze milk out of it. By this time, he is usually full. The reason is in the psychological comfort that the baby feels in these moments.

Artificial feeding

One of them will be exactly the same as for babies. The second is somewhat different. For the daily amount, the same formula is used:

• N (weight of the baby): 5 = volume of the mixture that the newborn ate, in ml per day.

This is quite understandable, because, regardless of the type of nutrition that the baby receives in the first month of his life, it must be complete and the same in volume. But in terms of the number of meals, the formula will be slightly changed. Pediatricians advise to make intervals between them for artificial people at least 3 hours. At night, the stomach must rest.

And no matter how much mothers would like to feed their baby at his first request, more or less than 7 times a day, in these rigid frameworks, it will not work. Accordingly, the equation takes the following form:

• V (mixture volume in ml per day): 7 = volume in ml for 1 time.

Of course, each situation is purely individual. If a formula-fed baby has to give a mixture more often (less often, it’s definitely impossible at that age) to give a mixture, then the formula for babies works:

• V (volume of mixture in ml per day) : P (number of feedings per day) = volume of food in ml per 1 time.

And in the end you will get a figure of how much a newborn should eat in one feeding, if everything is in order with him, he does not get sick and corresponds in development to his age.

It is very important not to deviate from the norm here, because it is very easy to overfeed with a mixture. After all, sucking from a bottle is easier than from a breast, and if the hole in the nipple is also large, you can do nothing at all: a trickle of life-giving liquid will flow into your mouth by itself.

So, dear mothers, prepare only such an amount of the mixture that the little hero is supposed to eat at a time. To help - several tables with indicators of the norm in accordance with age.

Helpful advice. Never force a newborn to finish drinking the norm for 1 feeding that is due to him. Perhaps he will "get" this amount next time. Pay much more attention to how much he ate per day.

tables

Those values ​​​​that you calculate using the formulas, how much a newborn child should eat at a time and per day of milk or mixture, must be compared with the norm. This will determine if he is developing according to his age.

They are contained in a special table in which daily and single dosages are scheduled by months up to 1 year.

This is done so that parents see the dynamics of changes and understand that with an increase in the weight of the baby, the amount he eats will increase proportionally. Starting from 5 months, complementary foods will be added (with which porridge is it better to start feeding a child, read) and the dynamics will stop.

According to this table, it is easy to determine how many milliliters of the mixture a newborn should eat at a time and per day. It is clear that the breadth of indicators for 1 feeding is due to the fact that their number per day will vary. But the too rigid and completely non-mobile parameters of the last column cause concern among those parents whose children do not fit into the standards of height and weight.

What to do for those whose child weighs 6 kg instead of 7 at 1 month? And if a very tiny girl was born, who has such a heredity, and by the first month of her life she weighs only 3.5 kg?

These cases are not pathological, but they do occur. That happens. How to determine the amount of formula or milk needed for such unusual babies? The second table will help - more universal and convenient for such non-standard situations.

The superiority of this table over the previous one can be seen with the naked eye, although many parents whose children develop quite standardly do not want to engage in complex calculations and use the data from the first one.

The last question that may arise in the calculations: in all tables, the norm indicators are given in milliliters. Is this unit of measurement the same as grams? The formula is simple:

• 1 milliliter = 1.03 grams.

The difference is negligible, so don't worry about it. And finally, it is worth giving some useful tips on dosages of baby food for the little ones.

On a note! The norms given in the last column of the first table are very conditional, not only because of the possible significant difference in weight, but also because of the gender of the child. Still, girls are usually not as large as boys - accordingly, they eat less food.

Formulas, tables, calculations, norms, tolerances, how much a newborn should eat at a time and per day - this should worry parents at the following points:

• in the first days of a baby's life;
• if the mother is inexperienced and does not know how much mixture or milk to give to the baby;
• if the child was born prematurely;
• if he has serious health problems.

These are situations that require special control over the nutrition of the newborn by doctors and parents. And it is absolutely not necessary every day, after each feeding, to weigh the baby, worry about fluctuations in weight and look at these tables every minute. The fact that he gorges can be understood by a number of factors:

• he is calm, cries little and almost does not act up;
• he has a good sleep;
• no problems with weight gain;
• he goes to the toilet regularly.

You yourself will guess about overeating by the loose body, diathesis plump cheeks, and at the next examination of the pediatrician you will hear that it would be necessary to reduce the amount of mixture or milk with which you indulge your hero.

In the first month of a baby's life, it is advisable to track how much he eats formula or milk, and compare these indicators with the norm. If the amount of food absorbed per day is much less than the approximate figures, you need to find out the reasons.

It's one thing if the baby weighs little and needs much less food than their peers. And another thing - if the problem is in some disease that makes itself felt in this way. If portions of what you eat exceed the norm, you should also think about obesity in the future, which is fraught with dangerous consequences for such a crumb.

So the amount of formula or milk consumed by a child per day plays an important role in its development and formation. Parents should pay sufficient attention to this aspect at first, but not to the point of fanaticism.

A caring mother is constantly worried if it seems to her that the baby is not eating enough. Especially when, when weighing, it turns out that he has gained little, and friends are advised to supplement the child.

How much should a newborn eat when he is breastfeeding? And how much should a breastfed baby eat? How to avoid overfeeding and find the "golden mean"?

If the child is breastfed

For the first two days, the baby mostly sleeps and can only suck a few times sluggishly at the breast, in which there is no milk yet. But colostrum is quite nutritious and filled with all the necessary elements so that the newborn is full and receives components important for life. Moreover, his ventricle is too small and about 7-9 grams, which he can get in one feeding, is quite enough.

On the third - fourth day after childbirth, colostrum turns into milk and begins to actively fill the breast. In modern maternity hospitals, the joint stay of the mother and the newborn is practiced, in which she can freely apply it on demand. This facilitates the beginning of the formation of lactation, and avoids mastitis and lactostasis. Inexperienced mothers are worried if there is a lot of milk, and the baby is reluctant to suckle, not getting the right amount of food. Does that mean he needs a bottle?

worryand you should not rush to buy mixtures for several reasons:

1. The newborn does not suck well, as he is still very weak, and the sucking reflex is poorly developed. And what he manages to suck out is quite enough. It will take a little time, and he will learn to suck the breast in full.
2. If you apply it to your chest at least 12 times a day, then the norm is 100 ml. milk will be given to them.
3. During this period, you need to be calm and not worry. Excessive excitement will only delay the increase in lactation.

Breastfeeding up to 10 days

Gradually, the volume of the baby's stomach increases and the amount of milk consumed by the baby increases. For the second day, he sucks out about 20 grams per feeding, and per day - 240 ml. On the third - 30 grams, which in general is 300-350 ml. For a newborn, it is not difficult to calculate the required amount of milk eaten in one feeding. The number of days of age is multiplied by 10 and a single volume in ml is obtained. Still apply weighing before applying and after. The resulting difference will be the desired volume.

For 10 days, milk ceases to actively arrive and the approximate amount drunk per day will be equal to 1/5 of the total weight of the baby. Neonatologists advise breastfeeding newborns on demand, this happens approximately every 2 hours. The individual milk requirements of each baby should not be discounted.

Onit can be influenced by:

• baby weight;
• his well-being;
• time of day when feeding.

A child's appetite can be different on different days and fluctuate throughout the day. A healthy baby himself sets the order of breast milk consumption, and the norm for each baby will be individual. You can not compare your child with other, stronger babies and assume that he does not receive milk in the right amount just because he is gaining less than they do. It is worth focusing on weight gain (about the norms of weight in a newborn) and the activity of the newborn. A breastfed baby will not eat less than what is supposed to be. Breast milk is produced according to the needs of a particular child. This is planned by nature and it is worth trusting it.

The main differences from GV

The stool of a formula-fed baby is different from that of a breastfed baby. It is thicker and has a different smell. Milk and formula digest differently and require different intervals between feedings. Also, artificial feeding can sometimes cause an allergy to protein.

If diarrhea, anxiety, blood and mucus in the stool appear, the mixture is urgently changed to another.

Such nutrition involves portion sizes depending on the age and individual characteristics of the crumbs. If one baby eats 90 ml, then another will need 210 ml. Newborns are fed about 8 times a day and it is important not to overfeed them. If a breastfed baby simply lets go of the breast when satiated, then artificial people have problems with this. A certain dosage should be observed, appropriate for age and weight.

How much does a bottle-fed baby eat (Table)

Age, months	Volume versus mass
10 days - 1.5	5th part
1,5 — 4	6th part
4 – 6	7th part
6 — 8	8th part
8 — 12	9th part

How to find out how much mixture a newborn should eat?

Method number 1. For example, if a monthly baby weighs 3.5 kg, then the daily rate should be 700 ml or 1/5 of the mass. And when the baby is 3 months old and weighs 5.7 kg, the volume per day is calculated as follows: 5700 is divided by 6, in accordance with the table, and 950 ml is obtained.

Method number 2. You can calculate the daily dose in another way - divide the weight by the growth of the baby. The resulting number will be the approximate daily volume.

Is your baby eating?

In order to find out exactly whether the baby has enough milk, you need to look at weight gain. The average increase per week of newborns on breastfeeding is 150-200 grams, and if the baby gains less than 100 grams, then you need to find out the reasons. A single dose for breastfeeding children is always less, as they eat more often.

A good indicator is the grandmother's method without the use of scales, tables and numbers - these are wet diapers. If there are at least 10 of them, then the baby has enough food. Here you have to be patient and for a while refuse to use diapers. If the baby is calm, sleeps soundly and well, gains weight normally, he has regular stools, and he often pees, then the baby eats enough. When a baby is naughty and cries, this is not a reason for supplementing, most likely he has colic or a stomach ache.

Important! If the baby is anxious, sleeps poorly and wakes up constantly, puts on weight below normal, greedily grabs the breast or bottle nipple, then you should consult a doctor about possible problems with malnutrition.

Lyudmila Sergeevna Sokolova

Reading time: 6 minutes

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Article last updated: 04/29/2019

Since the modern approach to breastfeeding has changed dramatically recently, modern experts in their advice are based not only on the only criterion for underweight newborns. If it seems to the mother that the baby is malnourished, then there is no need to rush to include artificial mixtures in the diet, first you need to reconsider how well the breastfeeding process is organized, and be sure to take into account the following.

Different food needs in children

How much a child eats is influenced by many indicators:

1. weight at the time of birth;
2. well-being and condition of the body;
3. Times of Day;
4. individual needs.

If a mother gives a baby a breast, then the modern feeding technique is based solely on instinct, that is, he himself will eat as much as his norm. And milk from a nursing mother after birth and the right approach to organizing the process begins to be produced in the volume necessary for the cub, with a tendency to increase it.

The dynamics of appetite growth only in the first month has four changes:

1. In the first three to four days, it is enough to eat up to 300 g in 24 hours, approximately 30-40 g at a time on average.
2. By the end of the first week, up to 400 g is already needed; the average single serving is 70 grams.
3. For the next couple of weeks, the need for food is 20% of body weight, on average once 80 g.
4. Until the end of the month, the baby should eat daily up to 600 g, up to 110 g at a time.

These figures are given according to one of the calculation methods and are only indicative, in each case there will be its own table and its required amount of mixture, milk.
If you need a combined or unnatural diet for babies up to a year, there are various methods of counting to determine the optimal amount of food.

How much should a baby eat with artificial feeding

As a rule, experts do not recommend trusting the information on the volumes of use on the packages of mixtures, since they allow the presence of commercial interest at the expense of proper nutrition of children.
For artificial feeding, of course, the question of how much a newborn should eat is of paramount importance.
Consider ways to independently correctly calculate the amount .

Counting a single portion

You can find out what the norm is in several ways:

1. Multiply the number of days corresponding to the age of the baby by ten and get the number of milliliters for a single dose. For example, a 3-day-old child needs to eat 30 g;
2. Divide the baby's body weight in grams by the height in centimeters. For example, a calf with a mass of 3500 grams and a height of 56 cm can be satisfied with 60 grams.
3. Divide one-fifth of the body weight of a 14-day-old or older infant by 8.

Calculation of the daily norm of the mixture

1. For a baby weighing less than 3200 grams, we multiply the number corresponding to how many days the child is aged by 70. And for a baby larger than 3200, we multiply the same figure by 80 (Finkelstein's formula).
2. By the age of two months, the newborn already has a need for 800 ml. daily, with each subsequent month, he will eat 50 ml. more, that is, at 9 months in 24 hours, the amount eaten is approximately 1160 ml.
3. There may be a correction according to the personal needs of the cub. For example, two different crumbs can eat different amounts, but feel equally great, develop well and gain weight. This is the most important thing for determining satiety. The main guide should be in the behavior and sensations of the baby during the process of eating and after. Weight gain on average weekly at least 150-200 g.
4. Upon reaching 14 days of age, the calculation is as follows. We divide the body weight of the newborn by five, and we get the daily required dose.

How much should a baby eat a mixture with a mixed diet

Breastfeeding professionals are sure that the baby will not get more mother's milk than it should be in the body, but overfeeding with a mixture is quite likely to be quite dangerous for fragile digestive organs. In order not to damage fragile health, you should seriously consider the calculation of the dose of supplementary feeding when organizing combined feeding.
For the most accurate definition of the problem of malnutrition, in order to make an informed decision on the introduction of a mixed diet, the following measurements and calculations should be done:

• weigh the cub before and after eating, as described above, by calculating the difference, you will get the size of what was eaten. And by adding up the data on all meals, you will determine the volume for 24 hours;
• for a newborn up to 10 days old, multiply 2% of his weight by the exact number of days corresponding to age. For crumbs from 10 days to two months, we count one fifth of the weight.

By comparing these two indicators, you can determine whether your child needs supplementary feeding and, if so, how much. It is necessary to divide them into daytime feedings, and at night give only breast milk. If the difference is more than 50%, then the child needs artificial nutrition.