October is next.

1.10 - the day of Arina (Irina). Weather forecast for the beginning of April. It's time for the crane flight.

If the birds remain at home for the time being, the heat will still stand, perhaps until next month, and the winter will be comfortable, not too long.

Cranes nevertheless flew to Arina - in half a month the frosts will declare themselves, and the day of the Intercession will be cold.

High weeds prophesy high snows.

Arin's day gives birth to lovers to travel around the world.

Birch leaves have been preserved on the tree - the ground will not be covered with snow yet.

2.10 - the day of Zosima and Trofim, the patron saint of beekeepers. At Trofim's evenings, young people chose their mate in life, one could guess at the groom. With a gaze they bewitched the person they liked, Trofim was an assistant in all this.

They baked pancakes for Zosima and treated their neighbors to them. To refuse honey to a beggar is to bring misfortune for a year.

Eaten a spoonful of honey, washed down with water, relieved diseases and provided health for a whole year.

The leaf fall has begun - it's time to remove the bees for the winter quarters, and the notch should be open so that there is an easy winter.

The bees seal the entrance tightly with wax - winter snowy blizzards cannot be avoided.

Zosima with a warm wind - winter crops will be born well.

3.10 - the day of Astafiya (Evstafiya Windmill). The cabbage tastes great. Time to cut it down. On Windmill - a holiday of millers, people who are not the most ordinary, perhaps associated with the unclean.

On Eustathius Windmill, the wind prophesies:

from the north - a fierce winter; the south - soft, and even the harvest of winter crops; from the west - wet; from the east - sunny.

Warm fog with flying cobwebs - to a warm autumn, late snow.

4.10 - the day of Kondrat, Ignat, Matvey. They prayed to the saints for the future harvest. It was necessary to work hard for Kondrat so that material well-being would not leave. They started working at the threshing mills at midnight. The sheaves were dried with bonfires built in a pit on the first floor of a two-tiered thresher.

The state of the day on Kondrat with Ignatius determined the weather of the month.

A cold winter was expected if Matvey was clear with a gusty north wind.

At night, it suddenly gets warmer during the daytime coolness - to the deterioration of the weather.

5.10 - Day of Phocas and Jonah. It was a dangerous day, the wind could bring all imaginable misfortunes to people, up to evil forces. It was possible to escape from a strong wind blower by prohibitions: burning old brooms, scolding the wind, hitting the ground with any objects. Fish dishes were also banned, as well as fishing and trading in it: the prophet Jonah was in the womb of a whale for some time.

The leaves on the birch keep - far to the snow.

Hazel grouse in a spruce forest - by the beginning of leaf fall.

There are few cones - any (cedar, pine, spruce), and there are few future frosts.

The moon in a red glow - to the wind; the clouds rose motionless in the wind - it will become quiet.

6.10 - the day of John the Baptist, the day of Iraida. The weather is persistently cold. They tried to provide the house with firewood on Iraida, to do everything to keep it warm, the stove must be heated.

Grated or crushed potatoes, mixed with milk and eggs, were poured onto a rye flour cake, lightly pinched along the edge and baked. "Nalivushki" went on this day to treat all the neighbors.

Before the time, autumn molting occurs in ferrets and martens - to a premature winter.

Wild geese fly in the distant heights - frosts are close.

Born on John - a talented potter, sculptor, stone carver, skilled in many crafts.

7.10 - Day of Fekla Zarevnitsa. They burned grass, threshed bread, it was necessary to dry the sheaves. All this was accompanied by a crimson glow from the fires, hence the name of the day.

For good luck in the household, spinning was a must during this time.

Thunder on Zarevnitsa promises a comfortable winter.

The rapid sunrise of the bright sun - to a change in the weather.

Winter forecast for squirrel molting: from tail to head - to a tough winter; from head to tail - to lingering, wet.

8.10 - Day of St. Sergius of Radonezh, protector of chickens; Sergei-cabbage.

Snow on Sergius to the cold through the forties.

Fine Sergius - it will stay warm for another three weeks.

The mood of the day will indicate the weather in six months.

The wind from the south will blow a mild winter on St. Sergius; from the west - with heavy snow; from the north - hard.

Snow lies in a dense layer on the ground - the future harvest will be rich.

9.10 - the day of St. John the Evangelist, mentor of icon art and patron of painters.

The stars are clearly visible - by a clear day; dull - to precipitation.

A fine day on the Theologian promises a wet July.

The change in the type of precipitation to John - January will be accompanied by three significant thaws.

Rain threatens with bad weather for half a month.

At sunset, haze in the sky - to the imminent bad weather.

There are no daily temperature drops on John - the next days will be even.

The rooks left their native places - to the imminent snow.

Restless people are born on the Theologian, topaz and jasper will protect them.

10.10 - the day of Savatiy the Beekeeper (Savatiy of Solovetsky). The beekeepers are preparing for winter. Traditionally, honey cookies were baked in the houses and eaten by the whole family in the morning.

Dry outside the window on Pchelnik - winter will not come soon.

Thunderstorm - to a comfortable, short winter.

The direction of the clouds from south to north - to bad weather, from the north to the warm edge - to a fine day.

Cleanliness, pedantry, loving order in everything are born on Savvatia.

11.10 - Kharitonov's day, Autumn Nikola, Ilya Muromets, the protector of people and the defender of the motherland from enemies. Dangerous day. They tried not to leave the house, so as not to get the evil eye or damage. Revenge dirty linen from the hut - trouble calling.

To remove the danger of a future wedding, the newlyweds came slowly to the witch with a pie and a vessel with honey. If it was not possible to appease the sorceress and the curse was sent, a plot was read with a knife in the left hand and a glass of water in the right. Standing on a creaky floorboard, they drank water, pouring the rest of the water over themselves. The knife was thrown away.

The berries, raw or processed, were poisoned, it was believed, by the devil, who spat on them three days before the day of Khariton. To eat them is inevitably hard and get sick for a long time.

The symbol of the day - honey, was also a ritual item at the celebration of Mikola the medovar. The young people, who had “married” all night, returned at dawn “to honey”, which was cooked ahead of time in the summer kitchen.

Note:

• hares did not put on winter clothes for Khariton - winter will not rush;
• dry leaves on the ground inside out - to a plentiful future harvest.

12.10 - the day of Theophan the Merciful, Maryamna the Sorrowful. Fog and drizzle are common. Hunter's Day.

Evening or night fog on Pechalnitsa - there will be no frosts yet.

Late frosts - to a comfortable, not monotonously cold winter, the weather will change.

The last mushroom will be late - and the snow will fall late.

The cool wind in the morning became stronger by noon, and died down by sunset - it will be clear and quiet.

Good people are born on Feofan, disgrace will protect them.

13.10 - Day of Gregory and Michael. By the feast of the Intercession, they put things in order in the huts. The subject of the day is straw: it absorbs the power of the earth, people were born and died on it. Old straw on Gregory was burned, protecting himself from the evil eye; rotten during a humid summer - they covered the huts, and stuffed all things with a new one, covered the porch and the house. All this was done so that it would be for the good, with prayers to Michael and Gregory.

On Michael, children were poured through a sieve on the threshold of the house - for the health of the child and prosperity in the family.

Snow on Mikhail - not for the coming winter.

The squirrel on Gregory shed completely, evenly - the winter is going to be comfortable.

Linden and birch were completely exposed before the Intercession - the year is expected without any special difficulties; the presence of the remaining leaves on this day indicates the upcoming winter with all its hard set.

The moon in front of the Veil is in a haze, dim - to bad weather.

14.10 - the day of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos. Complete completion of field work. The Mother of God fills the land, and her Pokrov collects the fruits. The beginning of the wedding season. In order for the house to be warm, in Pokrov it is necessary to heat the stove with apple wood.

The mood of the day indicates the weather throughout the winter.

Snow on Pokrov - to snow and frost in the coming winter.

The snowless Veil also entails a snowless Christmas.

The rain cover has begun - a cold winter awaits; but this is a good sign both for the bees and for the birth of a new family.

A rich table on Pokrova - you will be lucky with your husband; prosperity in the house will be preserved and multiplied.

Courting a girl in Pokrov will be successful.

The cover for spouses to stay in harmony is to live in harmony for a whole year.

15.10 - the day of Kupriyan and Ustinya, defenders from black magicians, demons. Time to get rid of evil forces, trouble. We must try to protect ourselves from other people's evil words, curses, especially strong on this day, capable of causing a serious illness.

The moon is in the iris, fluffy chicken feathers fluffed up; deer are grabbed by horns - bad weather will come.

Rainy Ustinya - to a harsh winter.

The south wind on Kupriyan - by the winter is not long, not cold.

Domestic cattle does not go to graze, it wraps up home - to the imminent cold, snow.

The sky is clear on Kupriyan - it will freeze.

16.10 - Day of Dionysius of Winter. A dangerous day with evil eyes, damage. Over the entrances (external and internal), the windows hung bunches of onions and garlic.

Dark clouds float low; flocks of sparrows often change their place - to bad weather.

Noisy flocks of jackdaws on Pozimny - for good weather.

Mouse holes with an entrance to the south - a harsh winter awaits.

17.10 - the day of Erofei (Hierofei) Leshegon, Ofen. A dangerous day for those who decide to go into the forest: evil forces can do harm before disappearing for the winter until spring.

A day of misfortune is also dangerous for the birth of a new family.

Calm, self-confident people are born on Erofei.

Bullfinch songs at the bottom of the fence, the loud buzz of wires indicate an imminent bad weather.

18.10 - Kharitina's Day, Kharitina. Spinner Festival. Agricultural work has been completed. In the evenings, the girls spun. The girls born on Pryalu were endowed with the talents of weavers and lacemakers.

There is no wind on the Spinneret - it will get colder.

Kharitina without snow - winter is not coming soon.

The clicking and crackling of trees in autumn is a sign of good weather.

The fog disappeared at sunrise, the trees click, crack - to a fine day.

19.10 - the day of Thomas, Denis Pozimsky. We tried to stock up on Foma as many pickles and jams as possible. Thomas patronizes hard-working, zealous owners, punishes loafers and bunglers in a hungry winter.

The pre-winter season began with dry snow - the summer will be comfortable for both people and crops.

Crows, jackdaws in flocks - to bad weather.

20.10 - the day of Sergius the Winter and Bacchus. It was supposed to put on a new scarf so that there would be no headache for a year. Dangerous day for the birth of a child. They prayed that the birth would not fall on Sergius the Winter.

Sergius with snow - by early winter, but if the trees have not completely flown around, winter will wait.

On Bacchus a fine day, the next twenty will be the same.

21.10 - the day of Tryphon and Pelagia Oznobnitsa.

Low clouds - hard frosts will come soon.

The moon on Tryphon is framed by circles - to a dry summer.

Shoemakers are born on Tryphon. Amulet - chrysoberyl, corundum.

22.10 - the day of Yakov Drovolitsa. They treated all neighbors with baked pies to attract health and prosperity for the whole year.

The firewood harvested on the Wood Saw will give more heat to the house.

The larch has not yet been exposed - winter comes with light and unstable snow.

Icicles on the roofs - autumn will drag on.

Onions with a lot of husks - for a tough winter.

It will definitely rain on ice.

Cherry did not fly around Jacob - the thaw will come.

23.10 - the day of Evlampy-Winter-indicator and Evlampy-Winter-indicator. They plucked logs on a torch, placed it at a slight inclination in the lights (special lamps) and were engaged in needlework. The children made sure that the torch did not burn out, changed it in time.

The willow at the top remains green to Eulampia - winter will come early, and spring will be comfortable.

The streets are wet, slushy - there will be no snow for several more days.

24.10 - Philip's day.

The snow that fell on Philip does not melt - an early, fine spring awaits.

Morning snow brings an evil winter.

To increase prosperity in the house, you need to be like Philip on the ice of the river (if it is frozen enough).

A dim moon in a light fog - to soon snow and bad weather.

The rustle of dried leaves on a tree promises big snow.

The descending fog - to warming.

The forest animals are preparing too many stocks, the trees flew around later - the winter cold will be longer and meaner than usual.

A person born on the day of Philip is very smart. His amulet is crystal.

25.10 - the day of Prov, St. Andron. Feast of St. Andrew the Astrologer. There are bans on washing, whitewashing, the purchase of candles, fortune-telling on cards. On Prova, and on any other day, you should not offend animals and quarrel. Andrey was guessing for the harvest and the weather:

foggy stars - good weather; distinct - to great cold; flickering - to snow precipitation.

The abundance of stars on the Astrologer - for a bountiful harvest, and the radiance of the stars - for snowfalls.

Not very happy born on Prova, but endowed with the ability to read fate from the stars.

26.10 - the day of the Iberian Icon of the Mother of God, the defender of the home from fire and other troubles; day of Carp, Agathon. A bathing day is obligatory - with brooms, healing infusions. He lives in the bath, and on the day of Agathon the spirit of all healing herbs is activated.

Fast moving clouds from the south bring bad weather.

The sun rises behind the clouds on Karp, the rooster crows at the wrong time - the mood of the day will change.

Early roosters on Iverskaya - they will call warmly.

27.10 - Paraskeva Pyatnitsa, patroness of women. Day of Praskovya Gryaznitsa, Trepalnitsy, As a rule, the weather is slushy and cold. The expectant mother must not comb her hair, so as not to anger the saint, not to be without her help in childbirth.

Damp on Paraskeva - and the spring will be damp.

The night is clear, the stars are distinct - to a good harvest.

Wind and dryness on Paraskeva - to a dry summer and crop failure.

The crows shouted loudly - to the thaw.

Cloudy, snowy on Friday - by rainy May.

In the forest, frost on the trees is a good sign, oats will be born; the rain does not stop - to rich bread.

28.10 - Autumn Yefim, the Pious. Prepared linen for weaving. It is impossible to sew and wash on this day, so as not to bring trouble. Evil spirits (kikimoras) interfere with spinning, can ruin everything. Before marriage, girls spun from themselves, it protected them. The thread spun on Yefimiy healed from diseases.

Born on the Pious - an energetic person, a good organizer.

The moon in a clear sky is framed in large circles - to the earliest frosts; snow and wind, if these are reddish circles.

Mosquitoes on Euphemia - to a mild winter.

At sunrise, the sun appears with a cloud above - to the bad weather soon.

29.10 - Longinus centurion, deliverer from eye diseases. A Roman soldier guarded among others the place of the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. During the execution, blood splashed into his face, Longin got rid of a long cataract and believed in Christ.

The remaining birds only fly away for the winter - you can expect a short, comfortable winter.

The clouds at sunset dissipated, the bright sun indicates a long bad weather.

The wind on Sotnik changes direction - there will be frequent thaws in winter.

A dim moon in a haze - for the imminent real winter with snow and frost.

Bright night sky - to a clear day.

The goose presses its paw - to a cold snap.

The sun in the fog of clouds on Longinus - bad weather is close.

Long fogs - to warming.

30.10 - the day of the prophet Hosea; Hosea Kolesnik. They are preparing for spring, they put the cart under the shed, they take out the sleigh. It was imperative to show diligence towards Kolesnik, you can’t be lazy.

According to the last creak of the wheels, they guessed:

the wheel is silent - the harvest will please;

squeaks too much - to unstable weather and possible crop failure for next year.

Rain on Osip - for a tough winter.

It is clear on Hosea - frosty in winter, but it will be comfortable.

People on Osip are born cheerful, kind, hardworking. Amulet - opal.

31.10 - the day of St. Luke, the mentor of master painters, the deliverer from many diseases. On Onion Day, one had to eat at least a particle of onion for health for a year.

The beginning of the fishing season, they asked St. Luke for good luck in fishing. They believed that fish are the souls of departed relatives.

In the direction of the horns of the month, the following was determined:

horns rush to the north, and clouds move to the south - there will be no precipitation in the coming days; they look to the south, clouds to the north - slushy days and November will begin.

A dim moon in a haze on Luka - precipitation and frost are close.

The fisherman is in mortal danger if he sees a pike splashing his tail.

Ruff in the nets on this day - there will be bad fishing.

Not all cherries flew around - there will be no real snow.

Many autumn signs that we inherited from our ancestors are important even now. Most of them will help you avoid troubles and misfortunes in the future, as well as properly prepare for the winter.

The first month of autumn has come to an end, and Indian summer has ended with it. In October, as usual, we expect cold rains, falling leaves and the first reminders of the onset of winter. At this time, there is a sharp change in weather conditions, and many signs are a kind of forecast for the coming months. Signs for October will help you find out what changes await you in the near future and whether it is worth getting warm clothes out of the wardrobe, or autumn will still delight us with warmth.

Notes for every day

In October, every day is associated with certain signs.

October 1st. If on this day you see a flock of flying cranes, it means that the first snow will fall on Pokrov (October 14).

2 October. On this day the beehives were collected. The bee nine began - the period from October 2 to October 10, when it is customary to collect honey. Whoever eats a spoonful of honey on an empty stomach during these days will be happy all year. For girls, this day could be a harbinger of a wedding. If you look into the eyes of your lover on October 2, he will soon fall in love with you without memory.

October 3rd. If today the wind blows from the north, it means cold weather, from the south - to clear and warm weather, from the west - to rain, from the east - to dry weather.

The 4th of October. It was believed that if the weather is clear but cold on this day, it means that there will be severe frosts in winter.

October 6th. This day was considered the most suitable for divination for money. To do this, draw water into a glass from a river or lake and leave it on the windowsill with an open window. If something falls into a glass overnight, financial well-being awaits you next year, if not, get ready for difficulties with money.

October 9th. If on this day snow falls on wet ground, it will lie for a long time, if on dry ground, it will melt quickly.

10 October. If at this time there are few cones on spruces and pines, there will be severe frosts in winter.
If the weather is warm on this day, it means that autumn will be warm and dry.

October 11. Among the people - Kharitonov Day. It was believed that on October 11, evil spirits walk the streets, and many did not go out to avoid damage, evil eye or misfortune.

October 12- the day of Theophan the Merciful. It was believed that on this day Feofan closed the sun from frost. If the weather is warm that day, then it will not be cold.

October 14- Intercession Day, a church holiday dedicated to the appearance of the Virgin. It was believed that the first frosts begin on this day. People harvested and finally completed agricultural affairs. If snow fell that day, they were preparing for a cold and snowy winter, and clear weather foreshadowed a warm winter.

October 15th. The people believed that on this day the demons go for a walk. Therefore, people already in the morning went to church, prayed and asked to take troubles and misfortunes away from them. However, those who were born on this day were promised happiness and good luck for life.

16 October. On this day, people with the evil eye were avoided: it was believed that if you damage it on October 16, then it will be very difficult to remove it later.

17 October. In Rus', a sharp cold snap was always expected on this day. If it was warm on October 17, then there will be no frosts in winter.

18 October. If you see a lot of crows or jackdaws on this day, a cold winter will soon come.

19 October. On this day, the quantity and quality of the harvested crop was assessed. If there is a lot of production during the summer, the next year will pass comfortably. If the harvest is poor and rotten, financial difficulties are expected next year.

The 20th of October. If today the snow falls on the fallen leaves of the trees, it will soon melt. If the weather is clear, winter will have to wait a long time.

October 21. On this day, it is good to buy winter clothes. It was believed that the purchased warm clothes will last a long time.

22 of October- Jacob Day or the Day of the first porridge. It was on October 22 that people waited for the first snow and associated it with cereals. If it was snowing, they said that it was "Yakov sent grits." Whoever serves porridge on the table on this day will live in abundance for the next year.

October 23. If by this day there are still fruits on the mountain ash tree, there will soon be a lot of rain.

October 24th. If by this day the ice on the river has already strengthened, then you can walk on it, and the whole year will pass in abundance.

the 25th of October. The starry sky today portends a rich harvest for next year. The stars are bright - for the coming cold, dim - for warmth.

October 26th. If on this day you see a cat licking itself, it means that severe colds and snowfalls are coming.

27th October. The day was considered feminine. Young girls and women were forbidden to do household chores, and those who neglected this sign could attract misfortune to themselves and their home. If childbirth began on this day, they will pass quickly and painlessly.

28 of October. The most favorable day for cleaning. It was believed that today all troubles and misfortunes are swept out of the house along with garbage.

29th of October. If on this day you are caught in the rain, the whole year of illness will bypass you.

October 31. The last day of the month was considered the last day for leaf fall. If the leaves have not yet fallen by that day, the winter will be long and cold.

Our ancestors did not just attach great importance to signs. After all, thanks to them, they learned what awaited them in the future, and could prepare themselves for unforeseen circumstances. Many signs have come down to us. If you follow them, you can attract happiness and good luck and

Luke, Luke Day, Lukov Day, Luke Hungry: so this day was called in the old days.

They prayed to the Holy Apostle Luke for love and advice in the family, for the healing of eye diseases, and also for the prosperity of agricultural crops. He was a painter and mentor of artists, as well as a doctor.

On this day, according to tradition, "Onion Bazaars" were held in cities and villages. And although the sale of onions was not profitable, there was demand, and therefore there was supply.

The vegetable loved by the people was a folk healer. They said: "Whoever eats onions, God will save him from eternal torment."

People have always thanked St. Luke for the cheapness and abundance of onions. He also patronized the fishing industry.

On this day, the autumn season began - going out to sea for the sake of the catch. The saint was approached with a prayer for good luck and a favorable return.

There were a lot of different fish: roach, sterlet, ide, bream, chub, crucian carp, asp, perch and catfish, and most often they caught pike. This fish was popularly associated with evil spirits. They believed that if a pike splashes its tail in front of a fisherman, he will soon die. Bad omens were also associated with ruffs: if a ruff is the first to be caught in the net, then a good catch can not be expected.

For a long time, our ancestors believed that the souls of the dead sometimes move into fish.

Previously, they were caught not only with nets, but also with a method called “beaming”. It was a nighttime autumn version of fishing: a goat (a special tripod brazier) was placed on the bow of the boat, in which a bunch of torches were set on fire. The fish, which descended to the depths at dusk, rose to the light of a diluted light, and then the fishermen killed it with a harpoon.

Main signs:

• If the horns of the month are directed to the north, it will be dry, and the snow will fall quickly, if to the south, slush will last until November.
• If the clouds float from north to south, the weather will be sunny, and from south to north, it will be rainy.
• If the moon is pale and cloudy, there will be snow and rain, perhaps even frost.

And do not hesitate for a minute - the main decoration of any table today is a pie with onions. Several good places have recently appeared in Samara, where lovers of pies with onion filling, and even with a chopped egg, can take their souls to their heart's content. And today is so special. There is a lot of wisdom for this autumn day.

October 31 ( Luke) St. Luke is also revered as the patron saint of hunting. Proverbs are dedicated to this day: Every skill comes with hard work.», « What the soul lies to, to which the hands will attach". Onion Day, onion markets were held, although the onion trade was not considered profitable.« Trade onions - onion bast and gird', people joked. And without onions where? And although the recipe for onion soup is considered French, but without onions, Russian cuisine is nowhere: you can’t cook delicious soup, and you can’t fry potatoes.

It was also believed that St. Luke would get rid of the "seven ailments", remove frailty and rottenness from a person. In the old days they said: He saves Luka from rotting, he sends the oppressor vorogushka away - seven miles blue, into the swamp; while she bends dove bushes and heather to the ground, a man will gather strength».

More about the history of this day :

Bow day

This day marks the memory of St. Luke - an apostle from the seventy, an associate of the apostle Paul. According to legend, he, among the seventy disciples of Jesus Christ, was sent to the first sermon about the Kingdom of Heaven during the earthly life of the Savior.

Subsequently, Luke accompanied St. Paul on his travels. The apostle was martyred in the city of Thebes. Luke is revered as the author of one of the four Gospels and the Acts of the Holy Apostles. He is also considered the first icon painter in history.

According to legend, he painted the first icon of the Most Holy Theotokos. Several more icons of the Mother of God are attributed to him, including the Vladimir Mother of God, the Czestochowa icon of the Mother of God, the Sumel and Kykk icons.

For obvious reasons, the people revered the saint as the patron saint of icon painters and painters in general. On Luka, people of these professions were given special honor. True, at the same time they sometimes joked: “The will of the iconnik Friday on horseback, and Yegorya on foot to write”; “Gods are not sowed, they are not yelled at - people paint them”; "You look at the image - you will not become a saint."

In addition, there is evidence that Luke mastered the art of medicine.

And the main healer and healer in Rus' from time immemorial was considered a plant whose name is consonant with the name of the saint - onion.

No wonder they said: "Onion from seven ailments"; “Onion and bath all rule”; "Whoever eats a bow is freed from torment." Onion Day, onion markets were held, although the onion trade was not considered profitable. “To trade with onions - onion bast and gird ourselves,” people joked. And without onions where? And although the recipe for onion soup is considered French, but without onions, Russian cuisine is nowhere: you can’t cook delicious soup, and you can’t fry potatoes.

On Luke it was also customary to pray to the saint for good relations in the family, for advice and love between husband and wife. Gardeners also turned to him for help.

On this day, they observed signs: if the leaves from the cherry tree have not yet fallen, the snow will not fall for a long time.

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01.10.2017 | Visitors: 9112

WHAT HOLIDAY TODAY?

Day of St. Eumenius, Martyrs Sophia and Irina - Arini's day;

By this time the last flocks of cranes fly away. According to beliefs, Arina leads the flight of cranes. Only she alone knows whether the time has come to fly to warmer climes. It was believed that Arina “gives the way to the cranes” and speaks to the winds, tells the flight time and turns away from poisonous herbs. She also smears the birds' feathers with cranberry juice so that the cranes can easily take off. Arina puts her ear to the ground, which tells her everything about autumn, or goes to the crossroads and turns to the four cardinal points, asking about the upcoming weather. The peasants believed that Arina, having seen off the cranes, closes the heavens with a key, which she keeps until the next spring. At the same time, they began to harvest wild rose. In Rus', rose hips were used as a therapeutic and anti-inflammatory agent, and its oil was used as a wound healing agent. Although this plant grew everywhere, in ancient times the wild rose was very expensive; it was exchanged for satin, velvet and sable furs. But rose hips were considered not only a good medicine. Like other thorny plants, he was endowed with the ability to ward off and frighten evil spirits.

Signs of the day October 1: If cranes and geese are in no hurry to leave their native places, the cold will not come soon, and the winter will be mild and short. Cranes will fly - in two weeks you have to wait for the first frost: if they are not visible on the Arina, winter will come in a month.

Arina is the first winter (the first snow and frost). The sun at sunset seems flattened - to the rain. Light crackles began to be heard from the closet - to the rain. The east wind, as a rule, does not bring rain.

Day of the Martyrs Trofim, Savvaty and Dorimedont. Trofimov day.

Martyr Zosima, hermit. Zosima is the protector of bees, a delicious table.

By this time, bee sittings begin: the bees stop flying out of the hives for nectar, close up the entrances with wax - they hide for the winter. Hence one of the names of this day - bee deviatina, which means "commemoration for bees", which will not be seen until next spring. Saint Timothy was considered the bee protector and patron. In the old days, the peasants imagined that he was friends with a bear and helped the beekeepers to remove the boards - natural bee hives in tree hollows. Later he began to help in apiaries. There is a belief among the people that people are unwell these days, therefore eat more honey. And on October 2, even beggars were treated to fresh honey. Born on this day was revered as an excellent beekeeper. Trofimov gatherings were arranged on this day. “Happiness does not pass by Trofim where Trofim is, there it is after him, ”the people said, because at such gatherings, the bridegroomed girls were looking for suitors. The search for a future husband was arranged as a game of choosing a bride and groom, accompanied by cheerful songs. The guys brought honey to such gatherings (a symbol of health, prosperity, happy life and beauty) and treated the girls to it. It was believed that Delight himself was present at the Trofimov gatherings - the deity of fun and pleasure, whose image arose in pagan times. The first glass of wine was raised in his honor.

Autumn morning hoarfrost - to dry and clear weather. The swan flies late from north to south - autumn will be long and warm. The ermine turned white early - for the imminent snow and winter. Martens change summer fur for winter fur earlier than usual - by the imminent winter. If the wind blows from the south on Zosima, there will be a good harvest of winter bread for the next year.

Day of the Great Martyr Eustathius Plakida - Astafiev Day.

Signs of the day October 3: Not all bad weather, on Astafya - a clear day will also glimpse. Northern Astafyevsk winds - to the cold, southern - to heat, western - to sputum, eastern - to the bucket.

If it is foggy and warm, and a long white web flies along the lanes, then autumn will be favorable and the snow will not fall soon. If there is a wind from the south on Eustace - to a good harvest of winter bread. On Astafya, the northerner (northern wind) will catch a cold. In October at one o'clock both rain and snow. In October, the moon is in a circle - the summer will be dry. After October, the summer does not smell. September smells like apples, and October smells like cabbages.

Apostle from 70 Kondrat.

Hieromartyr Hypatius, Bishop, and Andrew, Presbyter.

Day of Kondrat with Ipat (Ignat, Ignat and Kondrat, hammers, yards). Girls of marriageable age celebrated their holiday, called "yards". It got its name because the girls on this day put their yard in order, while the matchmakers walked around the village and looked into the gate, checking - who has a cleaner and prettier yard. Having cleaned up, the girls carried out a sheaf of oatmeal decorated with ribbons and went around the yard with it. This sheaf was small, only a few spikelets, but was of great importance for the peasants, and the image of the sheaf symbolized unity and harvest. After that, neighbors and friends came to the yard to wish the owners abundance and prosperity, and their young daughter a good groom. If the girl was already betrothed, then the ritual of her washing was performed. She stood on the straw in the woman's kuta (the corner in the hut where the stove stood), and her mother began to wash her. Straw, which has been used in magical agricultural rites since ancient times, carried the grain spirit, the imprint of the harvest, the former fertility. After bathing, the mother wiped her daughter with a special wedding towel, while reading a special love spell - a wish for a happy family life. At the end of the ceremony, the father carried the wet straw into the yard and threw it to the cattle. If the cow willingly ate straw, then the daughter will be happy in marriage.

There was a tradition on October 4th shovel the ashes out of the kiln and scatter it in the garden. Ash is an excellent fertilizer. But, in addition, it was believed that the ash that had been in the furnace had the power of sunlight, therefore, the harvest would be good. Hammering began from that day - threshing of bread. For threshers, porridge was cooked, often acting as a ritual dish, symbolizing fertility, growth and abundance. In the evening, the workers were fed with pies and watered with mash.

Kondrat with Ipat help the rich to get rich.

What is the weather like on Kondrat with Ignatius, it will stay like that for the whole month. It is clear on Kondrat with a sharp northeast wind - for a cold winter. If the cold has intensified - say goodbye to good weather. This day's weather will remain unchanged for almost a week. If there are a lot of nuts, but no mushrooms, the winter will be snowy and harsh. If it gets cooler during the day and warmer at night, there will be bad weather. The cold drove all the people to the stove, and all the heat went to heaven.

Prophet Jonah (VIII BC). The prophet was sent by the Lord to preach His word in Assyrian Nineveh (the territory of modern Iraq). But the ship on which the saint was sailing was swallowed up by a huge whale during a terrible storm. Jonah spent three days and three nights in the whale's belly, and only on the fourth day the monster released him alive and unharmed.

Day of Jonah (Jonah, listoder). In memory of the miraculous events that happened to the prophet Jonah, the Orthodox on this day didn't eat or fish. Moreover, it could not even be bought and sold. According to popular notions, October 5 was a bad day. It was believed that the wind on this day was blowing in gusts, tearing leaves from the trees (hence one of the names of the day - listoder). And it is worth blowing such a wind, as immediately all the evil spirits come to life and pounce on people. After all, the wind is not only God's breath. It was believed that the souls of great sinners and demons fly with the wind, and a strong gust of wind means someone's violent death. Gusts of wind accompany the appearance of a witch or devil. The winds were also considered to be the source of many diseases. Therefore, not only evil spirits attack a person on this day, but also shaking fevers. Along with such winds, not only diseases, but also damage were scattered. To prevent a strong wind from rising, there were several prohibitions: you can’t beat the ground with a stick or a whip, burn an old broom, ruin anthills, curse the wind etc. But if the wind was necessary, then they called it by whistling, singing or blowing in the right direction.

It was impossible to protect oneself from a strong wind, so they tried to protect themselves from the intrigues of raging evil spirits using aspen. Several legends are associated with aspen. According to one version, the aspen is the only tree that made it possible to make a Cross out of itself, on which Christ was crucified. For this, the Mother of God (according to other versions, Christ himself) cursed this tree and doomed it to eternal fear. The second version - Judas, tormented by repentance, hanged himself on an aspen.

In order to keep evil spirits out of the house, aspen stakes were driven in the yard, aspen poles were placed at the gates, and aspen branches were stuck into the wall.

If the leaf has not fallen from the birch, the snow will fall late; and if it falls in due time, then in late January - early February there will be a long thaw. Maple and bird cherry bare - they submitted to winter. The leaf fall begins - the hazel grouse flies into the spruce forest. In autumn, one berry is a bitter mountain ash, one tree is a bitter aspen. October is a real autumn month - pre-winter.

Conception of the honest, glorious Prophet, Forerunner and Baptist of the Lord John. The Prophet Zechariah and his wife (John's parents) lived to old age childless. Once, when Zechariah was serving in the Jerusalem temple, the archangel Gabriel appeared to him and announced that he would soon have a child. Zechariah did not believe and was punished with dumbness for doubts. At the appointed hour, the prophecy was fulfilled - the couple had a child, who was named John. At the same hour, Zechariah spoke again - Midsummer Day (Conception of John the Baptist, Forerunner).

October 6 stove-makers' holiday important and respected people. For them on this day they baked ceremonial pies made of rye flour with potatoes, resembling large cheesecakes, and presented them with a low bow. The stove for the villagers had not only practical, but also sacred significance. And if the red corner was associated with spiritual life, then the place where the stove stood was responsible for bodily, earthly life. They cooked food in the oven, slept on it, and in some places even used it as a bath. On the stove they gave birth to children and on it they departed to another world. By the way, according to beliefs, the soul of the deceased flew out of the chimney. The chimney was presented as a kind of transition between the real world and the other world, inhuman. Through the pipe, witches flew to the Sabbath and through it penetrated into the house to harm people. Devils or a fiery serpent enter the house through a pipe - the embodiment of cunning and deceit. (All female suicides were attributed to the intrigues of a fiery serpent, who knew how to turn into a beautiful young man and seduced women.) To prevent evil spirits from entering the house, it was customary to speak chimneys. They especially tried on the days of big holidays: the Annunciation, Christmas, Easter, Trinity, Ivan Kupala. A brownie lives behind the stove.

The name Iraida-controversial this day received for the fact that every person who got into trouble on October 6 could find out his fate. To do this, they went to the confluence of two rivers, scooped a mug of water from each and carried them home. At home, we looked at which mug the water would evaporate faster. If the mug in which the water was from a full-flowing river is the first to empty, then the troubles will not end soon.

The upcoming winter was defined as follows: if ferrets and martens change their summer fur for winter before the deadline, then winter will be early. If the weeds are high, there will be a lot of snow. If the cries of wild geese flying south come from above, winter will come soon and will be long and cold.

It's time to prepare the rosehip.

First Martyr Equal-to-the-Apostles Thekla. Thekla Zarevnitsa Day

Venerable Nicander the Hermit, Wonderworker of Pskov

Venerable Martyr Galaktion of Vologda

Day of Thekla Zarevnitsa (hammers, zarevnitsa, spinner). In the old days, almost the whole day of October 7, the peasants spent in fun, games and fun. Young threshers gathered at the barns, preparing for the upcoming work, and the peasant women treated them to a special porridge with butter and milk. Only at midnight they made fires in the fields to burn dry grass, and went to the barns to thresh bread. Hence the names of this day - "hammering" and "zarevnitsa". They started threshing with a sheaf, which they kept until that day in the red corner. From the grains of this sheaf they made flour and baked bread, which was then divided among all family members. It was customary to treat the cattle with the remnants of this bread. This rite symbolized the involvement of all family members in the cultivation of bread - sacred food, symbolizing prosperity and well-being. To dry the barn, the fire was kindled there from the very morning. They entrusted this business only to experienced people and the elderly, since fires often burned down not only individual houses, but entire villages.

The girls on this day were guessing at their future husband. At night they came to the barn and put a pie through the open window. If no one takes the treat, then no one will call for marriage. If the hand reaching for the pie is cold, the husband will be poor. And the warm and fluffy hand that touched the girl's fingers promised a rich husband.

On this day, it was customary to collect beets from the garden.

On Thekla-zarevnitsa, watch the glow from the autumn lights. On Thekla, the nights are dark, and the day is waning with horse steps (very quickly). Thunder in October portends a snowless, short and mild winter.

They watched the oak: if there are a lot of acorns on it - to a warm winter and a "bread" summer.

Day of St. Euphrosyne of Alexandria

Repose of the Reverend Sergius of Radonezh of All Rus' the Wonderworker. Founder of the famous Trinity-Sergius Lavra. It was Sergius of Radonezh who blessed Prince Dmitry Donskoy on a campaign against the Tatar Khan Mamai.

Day Sergius Kapustnik(cabbages, Sergei, Sergius of Radonezh, chicken coop, chicken keeper). Among the people, St. Sergius is revered as the patron saint of chickens. From ancient times in Rus' it was customary to give under the protection of the saints all more or less important animals in the economy. Perhaps for the chicken, which was considered a sacred bird, such a famous and revered saint was specially chosen. The peasants believed that through the chicken God speaks to people, and the eggs that she carries and that the Orthodox break on Easter symbolize rebirth, renewal and fertility. The egg itself is presented as the beginning of all beginnings. But the chicken was revered not only as a sacred bird. Not a single table could do without it since antiquity.

It was served in soups (shchi and fish soup), brine and fried on horns (skewers). Shchi with chicken was called rich. And in wealthy houses, chicken navels, necks, livers and hearts were served for dinner. On Sergei, it was customary to prepare chickens for the upcoming sale, in order not only to earn money, but also to get rid of extra eaters for the winter.

This day got its name "cabbage" because On October 8, they began to chop cabbage. The whole family was involved in this business. Salt and sour cabbage began with the onset of the first frost. If you do it earlier, then it could turn sour in the heat. Chopped cabbage was fermented in huge barrels, seasoned with carrots, apples or cranberries. Cakes were baked on cabbage leaves in the oven. Pies were made with stuffing from cabbage. There was the custom is to bury a pie in a cabbage patch so that the next year's harvest is rich.

The Repose of the Apostle and Evangelist John the Theologian. John the Theologian was a beloved disciple of Christ. He witnessed the Transfiguration of the Lord on Mount Tabor, during the Last Supper it was he who sat next to the Lord and asked Togo about the traitor. The apostle followed the Lord when He was taken away from the Garden of Gethsemane, and he was also present during the interrogation. Being crucified on the cross, Jesus instructed John to take care of his mother, the Virgin Mary.

The theologian John received his nickname due to the fact that in his Gospel he called Jesus Christ the Word of God. This is the only one of the apostles who died a natural death, having lived to be 105 years old. Among the people, John the Theologian is revered as the patron saint of icon painting.

Ivan the Theologian (Theologian, Ivan the Wayfarer, Wayfarer). There is a legend that John the Theologian taught a simple hussar (shepherd of geese) icon painting skills. Since ancient times, icons have been treated with reverence and fear in Rus'. The respect was so great that when buying icons, neither the seller nor the buyer talked about money. If they changed the old image, they silently left it on the counter along with the money, and the seller just silently made the exchange. An icon that had fallen into disrepair was never thrown away, but was taken to the river and, with the word “sorry,” was lowered into the water. If guests came to the house and the fun began, then the images were hung up so that the saints would not see the “indecency” happening in the house. They believed that ridicule and desecration of the icons could bring God's wrath to the whole region. Therefore, such "merry fellows" became outcasts. But what can we say about ridicule, if it was simply impossible to touch the icon without need. After all, this could be perceived as an attempt on the image. They removed the icons from the wall only during the wedding to bless the newlyweds, or during religious processions. Also, the icon could be removed to a grieving person who has lost loved ones or does not get out of need. To see the image in a dream meant to gain unprecedented happiness and prosperity. It was believed that the souls of parents (ancestors) were behind the icons, so pancakes, hot bread and drinks were placed in front of the icons. If an icon was found in the ground, then in this place it was necessary to build a temple, a monastery or dig a well. But the “departure” of the icon from the church marked its imminent destruction. If the family or tribal icon “left”, then this meant the imminent death of the entire family.

John the Theologian was revered as God's wanderer. No wonder he followed the Savior to Golgotha. That is why people revere him patron saint of travelers. They turned to him, setting off on a long journey: they asked for blessings, advice and protection.

Signs of the weather on Ivan the Theologian: If it rains, it will go for 3 weeks. If it snows on the Theologian, winter will fall on St. Michael's Day (November 21). After a long lull, the wind blew - it will rain or snow. The sunset is yellow, golden or pink - for good weather. The stars are bright - for good weather, dim - for rain or snow. When the rook flies away, then it will snow. The leaf fall passed quickly - a cold will come soon and the winter will be harsh, and if the leaves remain green and stay on the trees for a long time, the winter will be short, with mild frosts.

Day of the Monk Savvaty of Solovetsky, the first hermit who settled on the Solovetsky Islands.

Savvatiy Day (Savvatiy, Savvatiy the beekeeper, Savatei the Beekeeper, beekeepers).

Zosim and Savva - the patrons of bees - treat household members with cookies on honey. The queen bee carries away the keys from summer to distant warm lands. People say about her: "Not a girl, not a widow, not a husband-wife. She leads children and feeds people." October 10 the patron saint of bees, Savvaty, closes them in hives for the winter. On this day, the bee nine, which began on October 2, ends. Therefore, on October 10, the beekeepers bowed to the saint, thanking him for the honey and asking him to help the bees overwinter. Honey in Rus' is not just a sweet. This is both a ritual food and a symbol of health, well-being, the “sweetness” of life. First of all, honey was important for the funeral meal, as it was believed that the souls of the dead feed on it. With honey they cooked kutya (porridge with ground almonds, raisins, pearl barley, wheat or rice), kolivo (porridge from spelled or rice with raisins), kanun (bread crumbled in water sweetened with honey), satu (honey diluted in water) , kissel. Pancakes, which were considered food connected with the world of spirits, and ritual breads were smeared with honey. Honey was added to beer and mash. Since ancient times, honey was brewed in Rus' - a strong intoxicating drink. Various berries were added to such honey for taste: currants, cherries, raspberries, blueberries, blackberries, etc. In addition to a pleasant taste and aroma, this drink also had a number of medicinal properties.

The expression "honeymoon" came to us from ancient times. Then a special low-alcohol mead was brewed for the wedding, which young people drank not only during the holiday, but also for thirty days after it. There was a custom on October 10 not only to eat honey ourselves, but also to treat neighbors and beggars to it.

It was considered a sin to work on this day. They believed that there would be no sense from such work anyway.

Savvaty was also revered in Rus' as the patron of horses. Therefore, on October 10, the Savvatievsky horse fair was held.

What bees have in their combs, Zosima (July 2) and Savva (October 10) gave. Bees in the fall close up denser letok - for a cold winter, and if the letok remains open for a long time - to be warm in winter. Clouds float in October from north to south - to sunny weather, from south to north - to inclement weather.

Day of the Monk Khariton the Confessor (Khariton, Khariton's day).

Khariton - damage in the hut. This day was considered bad. We tried not to go out unless absolutely necessary. Firstly, from October 11, heavy rains usually began, and the mud was such that it was impossible to pass, not to pass. Secondly, it was believed that on the street on this day, evil spirits have fun. Therefore, they preferred to stay at home and do household chores. In no case was it possible to sweep the rubbish out of the hut, because discarded garbage could bring trouble into the house.

According to an old belief, no berries are eaten on October 11 - neither soaked, nor in jam, nor in compote. An ancient legend says that three days before the Intercession, the devil spat on all the bushes that can give fruit to people. Therefore, whoever tastes berries on this day will take the poison of the serpent - the saliva of the devil.

In the old days, on this day, the girls secretly wondered whether they would come to Pokrov to woo them or the matchmakers would bypass the yard. And mothers slipped spell words to their beloved daughters to seduce a good fellow. Young people secretly brought the sorceress's pie, a glass of honey. So that she does not inadvertently upset the wedding, so that she does not send emptiness to the woman's womb.

Day of St. Cyriacus the Hermit.

Hunters on this day walk through the powders, get a birthday hare and end the day with hunting stories at a feast.

Venerable Theophan the Merciful.

Feofan's Day, Feofan.

It usually warms up around this time. True, the warm weather will not last long. The people believed that it was St. Theophanes who specially sent warmth to the earth, and he covered the sun, which had gone to rest until next spring, with a warm caftan. There are many stars on Feofan - for dry autumn weather. If fog appears late in the evening or at night, there will be no frost. If a late fungus appears, there will be a late snowball. If trees bloom in autumn, this is a bad sign. To avoid trouble, cut the lower branches of a blossoming tree with the words: "Stay away from us, trouble, mind, not me and not my family. In the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit. Now and forever and forever and ever. Amen."

Three days before the Intercession all dreams are true and true and come true within twelve years.

Holy Hieromartyr Gregory the Bishop and Enlightener of Greater Armenia. The deeds of St. Gregory prompted the Armenian king Tiridates to be baptized, and with him the entire Armenian people.

Venerable Gregory of Pel'shem Vologda miracle worker.

Grigoriev day. New featherbeds were stuffed on Grigory with fresh straw. At the same time, they turned to Saints Michael and Gregory so that the straw would benefit a person.

If snow does not fall on Gregory, then winter will not come soon. If the squirrel has shed cleanly, then the winter will be good. The first dry snow promises a good summer. Before a bad weather, the moon is unclear, foggy or pale, and before a bucket (sunny day) it is clean, clear and bright.

Day of St. Michael the first Metropolitan of Kyiv - the transfer of relics.

Mikhail and Gregory are straw. Straw was an indispensable material in rural life: mattresses were stuffed with it, roofs of houses were covered, cattle were fed if the summer was wet and the hay rotted. Straw ash has been used since antiquity for the manufacture of enamels, which were used to cover jewelry.

On this day, a rite of washing from a sieve was performed. To do this, they took the children to the threshold and poured water on them through a sieve, while reading special conspiracies so that no illness would stick to the child. If you manage to find under the cover in the forest mushrooms, dry them in the oven (oven) and put this gift to the owner-brownie then after that you will not lack money for a whole year. Just don't pick mushrooms on a leap year. Under the Veil, they read a conspiracy from shortness of breath, the cause of which is heart disease.

cover Protection of Our Most Holy Lady Theotokos and Ever-Virgin Mary

This holiday appeared after the event that took place in the Blachernae Church in Constantinople in the 10th century. At that time, a riza (upper dress) and part of the belt of the Virgin were kept there. Once, during a service under the vaults of the temple, surrounded by saints, the Mother of God appeared, dressed in white clothes. Weeping, she began to pray together with the faithful, and after finishing her prayer, she took off her omophorion (veil) and spread it over the people who were in the temple. After that, both the Mother of God and the veil disappeared.

Cover, Cover. By this time, the first snow usually fell. The white cover that lay on the ground was associated in the popular mind with the white omophorion (veil) of the Virgin. Therefore, the peasants tried to insulate their houses by the onset of the first frosts. On October 14, it was customary to “feed” the cattle so that it would not starve in the winter. To do this, they fed the animals with a special, "reaping", oat sheaf, which remained from Ilyin's day (August 2). The Feast of the Intercession ended the agricultural year, and the peasants, freed from hard work, organized fairs.

Before the Intercession - autumn, after the Intercession - winter comes. If on Pokrov the wind is from the south - to a warm winter, from the north or from the east - to a cold one, from the west - to a snowy one. If the waterfowl have flown away, the autumn will be short. If not all of the leaf has fallen on the trees, the heat will stand for a long time. Groats fall on the Pokrov - wait for a frost in the week. Between Pokrov and Dmitriev's Day (November 8), winter does not begin. If a leaf fell cleanly from an oak and birch - by an easy year, and uncleanly - by a severe winter.

If it is windy on Pokrov, there will be a great demand for brides. If snow falls on Pokrov, the life of the young will be happy.

In Pokrov, the hostess, seeing that three people are coming to visit her, will not let them into the house - this is considered a bad omen. Smart girls will jump out into the yard in the morning, grab a handful of snow and put it on their face with the words: "Batiushka, cover the earth with a snowball, and cover me with a good groom." You can't borrow money in Pokrov. From ancient times, matchmakers went to the Pokrov. According to the sign, the girl who refused the matchmakers for the Pokrov will not be married to anyone for another three years.

Holy Hieromartyr Cyprian, Martyr Justina and Martyr Theoktist.

Day of Ustinya Stilalnitsa, Kupriyanov day, (Kuprian and Ustinya, Kupriyan, Kupriyan).

considered to be a saint Kupriyan helps from evil charm(twice a year - September 13 and October 15). It was customary to pray to Saints Kupriyan and Ustinya for protection from evil spells and sorcery of evil spirits. And there was something to pray about, because in the popular imagination, evil spirits were omnipresent, and anyone could become a victim of her intrigues.

Who is born on Kupriyanov's day will know the way to the cranberry placer. After the Intercession, they go to the healer for treatment most often with a shake.

Clear sky - to frost.

Feast of the Holy Hieromartyrs Dionysius the Areopagite Bishop of Athens, Rusticus the Presbyter and Eleutherius the Deacon. Dionysius was present at the burial of the Virgin. He preached the teachings of Christ, for which he was captured and beheaded. According to church tradition, the martyr picked up his head, marched with it in his hands to the nearest church and died at its doorstep. It was customary to turn to Saint Dionysius asking for relief from fever- Day of Dionysius, (Dionysus, Denis, Denis Pozimniy, autumn fevers). It was believed that from that day on, febrile fevers leave their home in the swamp and begin to roam the white world, torturing people. A good remedy for fever was aspen bark, which you had to carry with you. If the head hurt, then an aspen log was placed at the head of the bed. (Aspen was considered an excellent amulet.)

Low dark clouds portend cold, and possibly snowfall. Jackdaws gather in flocks and shout - the weather will be clear. Sparrows fly in flocks from place to place - before bad weather. If mice dig holes on the south side, the winter will be cold. The first snow falls forty days before winter.

In autumn, due to changeable weather, people often suffer from colds. The old masters knew that it was better not to cure the disease, but to prevent it, so they read in the fall a conspiracy, after which a cold did not stick to a person for a whole year.

Take a piece of chalk and draw a line on the floor, step over it with your right foot and read the plot:

“There is no line to the devil, there is no cross for him.

So there is no sickness and pain for me

neither tomorrow nor the day after tomorrow,

not for a week, not for a month, not for the whole year! Amen."

Hieromartyr Hierotheos Day, Bishop of Athos - Erofeev day(Erofey-leshegon).

From Yerofey, the cold is stronger. No matter how angry the muzhik Yerofey, and from Yerofey even winter puts on a fur coat. The first day with snow falls on Yerofey, soon the puddles will be covered with ice, and a week after Yerofey’s day, the pond will become and the snow will fall.

Usually housewives in the villages from the summer insisted on vodka on fragrant meadow herbs and the “first sample” was taken with the first cold weather, therefore they often called vodka “Erofeich” and joked: “On Erofeev’s day, one “Erofeich” warms the blood!”

October 17 is the last day when goblin walks the earth. By evening, they will fall underground, driven by St. Erofei, where they will sleep until next spring. Therefore, they “mark” their last day on earth with a wild revelry: they break trees, tie grass into knots, swell swamps, fight, drive animals through the forest, whistle and clap their hands so that you can hear in neighboring villages. When the time comes and the goblin sinks into the ground, they pull animals and birds, herbs and berries, mushrooms and nuts along with them - it becomes empty in the forest. If the goblin gets a person, then he will instantly drag him underground. Therefore, they tried not to enter the forest on October 17.

From Yerofey, the cold is stronger.

Martyrs Kharitina, who suffered under the emperor Diocletian.

Haritin's day. Kharitina is an eternal weaver. Kharitins have come, start weaving feather canvases. The work in the field, the garden and the kitchen garden is over, the evenings have become long, but in the villages they did not know how to relax without work, women were taken to spinning canvases. The women sat down at the weaving mills, plugged the first crosses, weaved the first canvas. Spinning in folk culture was considered one of the main women's occupations, and the thread obtained during spinning symbolized the thread of human life. It curls, curls, and then suddenly breaks off. From that day on, evening sittings were held in the villages, at which the girls not only chatted and had fun, but also spun. Usually mothers were given instructions on how much yarn to bring with them after such evenings. The guys also came to such gatherings, but later, when the work was almost finished. Such sit-ins usually continued until Maslenitsa and were not held only at Christmas.

The clicking and crackling of trees in autumn is a sign of good weather. The fog that disappears after sunrise portends good weather. The first snow fell on wet ground - it will remain, but on dry ground it will soon come down again. If the snow does not fall, winter will not come soon. Leaves remain on birches and oaks - by a harsh winter. Autumn snow is useful for rye, if it falls on the damp ground. The bird flies away together to the south - to the harsh winter. Autumn night rides on twelve carts (long). The day lagged behind the night - he stumbled with a felt boot on a stump (the days are getting shorter and colder).

Day of the Apostle Thomas.

Before the Savior chose Thomas among His 12 apostles, he was engaged in fishing in the Galilean city of Pansada. According to church tradition, the Apostle Thomas at first did not believe in the Resurrection, but then, having repented, went around with the preaching of Christianity almost the whole world. It is customary for the Apostle Thomas to pray if a doubt in faith has crept into the soul.

Thomas' Day (Fomin's Day, Thomas, breadmaker). Thomas is a big sum. Foma - great food: a loaf of bread will not break. The breadmaker breaks the bins - take everything for nothing. On October 19, it was supposed to fill the bottom of the barrel with already cleaned grain. Before work, it was necessary to pray to the Apostle Thomas. It was believed that it would help preserve the grain and properly distribute it throughout the long winter. On this day, the locks were changed, new icons and lamps were placed in the shops. They went to the healer, who gave the charmed Easter cake left over from Easter, or a colored egg exchanged up to 12 times. Previously, whisperers used to come to the shop to whisper, so that the trading place would always be full of people.

The first dry snow promises a good summer. Early autumn arrival of northern birds is a sign of early cold weather. Usually, after a windy, warm and humid autumn, a long winter follows.

Day of St. Sergius of Nurom (Vologda). Saint Sergius was a disciple of Sergius of Radonezh. For some time he lived in the monastery of his mentor, but then he retired to the dense forests, on the banks of the Nurma River.

Sergius winter (Sergei, Sergius, Sergius the chief, Svyatobory). With Sergius, winter begins, with Matryona (November 22) it sets. By this time, winter usually begins and the first snow falls. Of course, during the day it still melts, but at night there are already real frosts. Therefore, October 20 was popularly called the Chief, that is, the day the beginning of winter. But the name Svyatobor has been preserved since pagan times and is associated with the forest deity Bor. This god was considered the lord of forests and the patron of animals and hunting. Leshy served Bor. They were each responsible for their own forest, while Bor "managed" all the forests. Over time, the image of Bor mixed with the image of Sergius of Nur, who was also called Svyatobor by the people.

On this day, they first feed the cattle and only after that they have breakfast themselves. The furnace is kindled by the youngest member of the family, then in winter the house will not be chilly. The women put on new headscarves. There is a sign: whoever covers his head with a new scarf on Sergius, his head will not hurt all year. Pregnant women pray to God not to give birth on Sergius Day, because childbirth on this day is difficult. They washed themselves with sour milk, reading a conspiracy for health: "I whiten my face. Just as people don’t live without milk, so I don’t have to be without health. Key, lock, tongue. Amen. Amen. Amen."

If snow falls and the trees have not shed their leaves yet, it will soon melt. The moon is cloudy and pale - frost and snow are possible. If the earth is covered with snow, winter will rise on its feet on November 22. Sergius, frosty oak forests, white aftermath (sheaves of hay from the second mowing). Sergius beats the grass with frost, and Matryona (November 22) does not allow winter to turn back. The first powder is not yet a toboggan run.

Day of Saints Pelageya and Taisiya.

Reverend Tryphon, Archimandrite of Vyatka, miracle worker.

Tryphon and Palagia. Palashki-Zyabushki (Pelageya, chilly, chills, chills, Taisia, repairs).

From that day on, it was customary in the villages to cut repairs (new arable land was laid in the forest). To do this, they determined a new place for the fire and began to cut down the forest. And having cut down the forest, they “started” to carry firewood and forests (whole tree trunks) for the construction of new houses in the village. It's getting colder from Tryphon and Pelageya. Pochinki was called this day also because for the first time they put on winter clothes: a fur coat, felt boots and mittens. From here came the sayings: “Tryphon mends a fur coat, Pelageya sews ram mittens”, “Prepare a fur coat - winter will wander”, “Cold and need - there are none worse.”

Pelageya - women's undertakings: women gather for gatherings.

Day of Righteous Abraham, forefather, and his nephew Lot (2000 BC). According to church traditions, Abraham is considered the forefather of the Jewish people. After the construction of the Tower of Babel and the confusion of languages, he is the only one who remained faithful to God. Together with his wife Sarah and nephew Lot, he retired to the Canaan desert (on the Mediterranean coast), where he died at the age of 175 years.

Jacob's Day (Jacob, Yakov icy, woodsaw, lumberjack). On October 22, everywhere they began to saw wood and prepare firewood for construction. It gets dark early at the end of October, so the peasants tried to finish the work before sunset - they were afraid to meet the boletus. Borovik was the spirit of the forest and the grove. He presented himself as a huge bear without a tail and was very aggressive. Of course, he mainly ate animals, but he could also attack a person. Borovik obeyed boletus mushrooms - little men who were considered the owners of mushrooms (mushrooms, mushrooms). They lived under mushroom caps and fed on them.

White snow on Jacob is a blessing. The first snow falls on Jacob - forty days before winter. Prepare warm clothes - winter wanders. From Yakov icy, the cold flaps its wings. Not the snow that sweeps, but the one that comes from above. Yakov spills white groats on the ground, cools the paths, reduces the day. Snow falls on the thawed earth - it will be difficult for people to live (the harvest will be poor next year), but it will be easier on the frozen ground. It flowed and froze, icicles hang from the roofs - autumn will last a long time. After the autumn sleet, wait for the rain. Until the needles from the larch fall off, there will be no snow, and if it falls, it will melt anyway. Until the leaf from the cherry trees has fallen, no matter how much snow falls, winter will not come, the thaw will drive it away. If there are a lot of clothes on the bulbs, it will be cold in winter. The first and last colds are dangerous. The first snow does not promise an early winter.

Day of the Martyrs Eulampius and Evlampia.

Lampei (the day of Evlampy, Evlampy, Evlampy-lamp).

The days are getting shorter, so they said among the people that Evlampy splits the torch, lights the lamp, illuminates the darkness. And fire in the popular imagination, along with water, earth and air, is one of the main elements that rule the world. Fire helps in business, but if it gets angry, it can burn down the house. Therefore, the fire was always treated respectfully, trying to appease. At night, he was “put to bed”, extinguished, affectionately wishing good night. It was impossible to spit in the fire. Such an act was considered a great sin, for which the fire will surely punish. On this day, it is customary to remember all those who set an example for people with their holy life.

Pre-winter begins (from October 23 to November 27). If the horns of the month are at midnight (to the north) - be severe winter, snow will fall on dry land; if at noon (to the south) - do not wait for an early winter, there will be mud and slush until November 4th. The weather is predicted on Eulampius for a month: his horns will indicate where the winds come from. Early freeze-up is possible on large rivers. Last days of cumulus clouds.

When the first frost hits, the healers go to collect rue, a herb with great witchcraft power. Store it under the eaves (hang from the ceiling). This herb protects all the children living in the house.

Day of the Apostle Philip, one of the seven deacons.

Philip's day (Philip, Philip's rigmarole). Autumn for the peasants was at times the extinction, the dying of nature. It was believed that at this time God sealed the earth, which "fell asleep" or "died" until the next spring. Cattle were no longer driven out to pastures, but closed in a warm barn. Yes, and all field work (mowing, harvesting) ended by the beginning of October. The roads are lucky - you can’t get through, you can’t drive, the weather is such that a good owner will not drive the dog out into the yard. It was time for homework: spinning, weaving, sewing clothes and onuchi, weaving bast shoes. Merry street festivities ended, and the time of winter gatherings began. Therefore, the saying appeared: "Philip himself stuck to the stove." Gimp in Rus' was called a thin gold or silver thread for gold embroidery. Making the gimp for a long time: first you need to stretch, then flatten and twist. From here came the figurative meaning of the word "gimp" - to pull, linger.

The fog descends - to the thaw. The wind blew from the north side - to the big cold. The moon on Philip in a dim haze - to bad weather (snowfall). Dry leaves rustle on the trees - to the snowfall. Chickens perch early - you have to wait for frost; the higher they sit, the stronger the cold will be. Poultry hides its head under the wing - to the cold. A clear moon is a harbinger of frost. Late leaf fall - to a harsh and long winter. If snow falls on the damp ground on Philip and does not melt, then in the spring there will be good earnings. If ice has settled on the river, you need to walk on it: there will be a lot of money.

Martyrs Prov, Tarakh and Andronicus.

Prov, Andron, Andron the Stargazer. According to beliefs, Saint Andron sweeps the sky with a broom, cleans the stars and the moon. The people said: “Andron can reach the sky with a pole, draw stars with a scoop”, “Andron with an andron (pole) and with a broom goes out into the field at night.” To him addressed with a prayer so that the star of life does not set. From ancient times it was believed that the stars influence human destinies and earthly events. There was a belief that there were exactly as many stars in the sky as there were people on earth. A person is born - a star lights up (the Lord lights a candle), dies - goes out, falls to the ground. If a person's star is strong, bright, then he easily overcomes all adversity, becomes a darling of fate. If, on the contrary, it is weak and dull, then such a person is constantly tormented by adversity and illness. The symbol of a shooting star was closely associated in the popular mind with death, hence the fear of comets, which were considered messengers of future misfortunes. And a strong meteor shower, which sometimes happens in August, could be interpreted as a harbinger of the death of an entire state. Also, the fall of a star was interpreted as a sign of future epidemics, famine, war. By the stars, they guessed the fate of a person, determined the damage induced on him, the start time of field work, etc.

They look at the martyr Prov at the stars and wonder about the weather: many bright stars - frost is not far off, and dim stars - for long rains. Stars with a blue tint and twinkle strongly - towards the snow. If you poured Prov stars into the sky (clear sky and many stars on October 25) - collect peas in the summer. When distant objects appear close, which happens when the air is clear, it may rain or snow. The wind is weak or slightly gusty, does not change its direction - cloudy weather will persist for a long time. The south wind promises warmth, the north wind promises cold, which will come after low clouds.

On this day it is impossible to: Wash, bleach, beat out feather beds, put kvass, buy church candles for the house, quarrel with people, kick animals and guess on the cards. Whoever laughs out loud will get himself a terrible torment. Whoever was born on this day will sip a lot of grief. Do not offend anyone on Provo - there will be no happiness yourself. On this day, they don’t ask at the knock on the door: “Who is there?”, so that flour and trouble do not come into the house. On Prov they tie a rope on the gate (door handle), saying at the same time: “As you, Prov, came, so leave, and you, flour, don’t go into this fence. In the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit. Now and forever and ever. Amen."

Day of the Martyr Carp, Bishop of Thyatria.

Great Martyr Chris (Gold).

Karp, Zlata, Zlata-onuchnitsa. In the old days, it was believed that on this day the saints would bring health and increase the fertility of the earth. Among the people, Zlata was revered as a skilled seamstress who helps to sew onuchi (leg wraps for boots or bast shoes, similar to footcloths). It was believed that it was to Zlata that one should turn with a prayer in order to properly cut out onuchi and then wear them for a long time. They asked Saint Carp for deliverance from various misfortunes, for consolation in troubles, for increasing the fertility of the earth. This day was also called a bathhouse routine - they put this very important building in order, changed rotten boards and benches, cleaned water tanks, a stove, etc. A spirit lived there, the owner of the bathhouse, who was called a bathhouse, apostle, grandfather, shepherd, zhikharka , cone, anchug. Bath day. On this day it was accepted take a steam bath, expel ailments from sick people, insist on healing herbs on milk and drink this decoction. On the shelf of the heated bath, infusions of medicinal herbs were left to soak there. On this day, epilepsy was driven out of the sick. Those born on this day should wear an emerald.

Avid hunters can't wait until the end of October to go hunting.

They guess by the stars about the weather and the harvest: bright stars - to frost, dim - to thaw. Strong twinkling of stars (mostly blue hues) - to the snow. A rooster crows without time in the evening - to a change in the weather. The roosters sang early in the morning - it will get warmer.

Day of the Martyrs of Nazarius, Gelvasia, Protasia, Kelsia.

Hieromartyr Silvanus, Bishop of Gaza.

Venerable Paraskeva of Serbia

Praskovya Gryaznikha Day(Paraskeva-Friday, dirty, dirty, dirty, powder, linen, spinner, Nazar, Protas)

On this day, the feast of flax, spinners and weavers was celebrated, because Saint Paraskeva was their patroness. Women October 27 put on their best linen dresses and went outside to show off their skills. And in the evenings they baked pies: with cabbage, fish, berries or honey. When the cake was taken out of the oven, it was smeared with cow's butter and covered with a towel. Then they took off this towel and guessed in a circle left from the oil on the fabric. A torn or thin circle line foreshadowed illness, misfortune and even death. Paraskeva Friday - Communion of the passions of Christ. Paraskeva-Friday - woman's intercessor, protector of peasant women. She was revered in Rus' and was first of all patroness of marriage and childbirth. The image of Paraskeva in the popular mind was closely associated with the pagan female deity Mokosh, who was also considered the patroness of women. Friday itself was presented in the form of a beautiful girl or young woman, on whose body one could see injections from the spindle and knitting needles. These injections appeared on the body of the saint due to the fact that women violated the ban and wove on Friday. She was dressed in a wide caftan, belted with tow (combed and twisted linen or yarn). Paraskeva was also considered the patroness of Friday, so all the customs that the people observed on Friday were also followed on the day of St. Paraskeva. Friday has always been a day of fasting and abstaining from women's work: weaving, spinning, sewing, washing, cleaning, etc. Friday was considered a dangerous day. It was believed that a child who was bathed on Friday would definitely fall ill with dryness (painful thinness, which is a symptom of a number of dangerous diseases). On Friday, important things did not start, otherwise there will be no luck. It was forbidden to laugh and sing on Friday, otherwise this person would cry bitterly on Sunday. It was believed that Paraskeva severely punished those who violated the ban on work on Friday.

On this day, widows or old maidens (centuries) beg for a life partner.

If there is a lot of dirt on Gryaznikha, there are four weeks (four shifts, weeks) left before winter. It's never dry in a dirty place. From Gryaznikha, neither a wheel nor a runner can overcome the path. A "false" sun appeared in the sky - to calm weather. The west wind blew - to dampness.

Day of the Monk Martyr Lucian, Presbyter of Antioch. The pagans killed Saint Lucian and threw his body into the sea. But the dolphins carried the remains of the saint to land, where he was buried in a Christian way.

Venerable Euthymius the New, Thessalonica

Yefim Autumn Day(Efim, pious Efim, Autumn Efim, beekeeper, linen). Flax is dried, rumpled, ruffled, get a tow - all week long. They began to ruffle flax, so do not stand above it. Bees are being harvested on Yefim. After the feast of St. Paraskeva, they began to ruffle the linen, and the girls took up the yarn. According to legend, from the same day, a kikimora sneaks into houses at night and begins to spin the left yarn or weave, weaving his evil witchcraft into it. Kikimora can ruin the yarn, tear the tow (combed and twisted yarn), confuse wool. It was possible to get rid of it by overshadowing the evil spirit with the sign of the cross and turning with prayer to Saint Euthymius.

The sky is clear in the evening, but large circles are visible near the moon - there will be frost, and if these circles are reddish and blurry, snowfall and wind are possible. If the sun rises and there is a cloud above it, do not expect good weather. Good weather will continue if the sky is clear, pure blue. If mosquitoes appeared in late autumn, the winter will be mild.

Day of the Martyr Longinus, centurion, like at the Cross of the Lord. Among the people, Saint Longinus was revered as a saint capable of healing eye diseases.

Longinus (Longinus centurion, Longinus gatekeeper). The image of the warrior Longinus, who stood guard at the Cross and the Holy Sepulcher, in the popular mind is associated with the image of a watchman guarding the house from evil spirits. According to beliefs, Saint Longin stands at the gate and does not let evil spirits into the yard. On October 29, it was customary to take winter things outside so that they absorbed the warmth of sunlight and warmed better during the winter.

If the stars on Longinus are bright, expect good weather, and if they are dim, expect rain and snow. If the leaf, although it has turned yellow, falls weakly, the frosts will not come soon. If the moon on Longinus is cloudy and pale, frost and snow are possible. The sun wanders in the clouds, as in a fog - to bad weather. The wind blew from the north - there will be no rain, the sky will clear up.

Day of the Prophet Hosea (820 BC). The prophet became famous for predicting the death of the kingdom of Israel (in 586 BC, the Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar II destroyed Jerusalem). The prophecies of Hosea are included among the books of Holy Scripture. He died at a ripe old age.

Day of Hosea Kolesnik (day of Hosea, Hosea, Hosea). “Hosiy came - take off the wheels from the axles” - on October 30, the peasants put the carts into the barn and took out the sled from the lead. The day is quickly melting - you can’t tie it to the wattle fence. By the last creak of the wheels of the cart, they wondered about the harvest. If the wheels drive quietly and do not creak, next year a lot of bread and vegetables will be born.

Day of the Apostle and Evangelist Luke, associate of the Apostle Paul. According to church tradition, the Evangelist Luke was the first to paint the icon of the Mother of God with the Child. Therefore, since ancient times in Rus', he was considered the patron saint of icon painters. They also turned to him with a prayer for help in writing icons. patron saint of hunting

Bow day(Luka, Luka is hungry)

"The earth will not feed - water will feed. Luka beams fish - teaches to live." From that day on, the autumn season began (going out to sea for fishing). Therefore, among the people, the Apostle Luke was also considered patron of fishing: he was approached with a prayer for a good catch and a safe return home. In the old days, fish were caught not only with nets. There was a special way of fishing, called beaming (from the word "ray" - a bunch of torches, which lit a fire on the bow of the boat). This is a night fishing method, which is well suited for autumn fishing, as it gets dark early at this time. A goat (a tripod, a kind of brazier) was placed on the bow of the boat, and a light was bred in it. The fish, which descended to the depths with the onset of darkness, rose into the light; then they killed her with a harpoon. Our ancestors caught sterlet, roach, ide, chub, bream, asp, crucian carp, perch, catfish and even taimen. But especially often they caught a pike, which the people associated with evil spirits. There was a belief: if a pike splashes its tail in front of a fisherman, he will soon die. Bad omens were also associated with ruffs. It was said that if a ruff was caught first in the net, then there would be no good catch. Usually, evil people were called ruffs, and they said about the drowned: "He went to Ershov's settlement."

Traditional Russian cuisine has many fresh fish dishes. And it was also prepared for the winter: salted, frozen. But the children were not given fish dishes until they learned to speak. It was believed that otherwise the child would be as mute as a fish. Dreams about fish were interpreted by the people as harbingers of rain or tears. If a woman dreamed of a fish, then this could be interpreted as an omen of pregnancy. The fact is that in Rus' they believed - the souls of the dead often move into fish. In folk medicine, fish, as a cold-blooded creature, was commonly used to treat fever. For this purpose, the patient was fumigated with fish bones from the Christmas table, or halves of a line cut alive were applied to his feet. But it was impossible to eat roach with a fever.

There are still leaves on the cherry - it will snow, but it will soon melt

The moon is foggy and pale - to snowfall, frost or rain.