The yield of grapes is influenced by a number of agrotechnical subtleties, including the proximity of grapes to other crops. Incorrectly selected “neighbors” will oppress the grapes, which will negatively affect the quantity and quality of the harvest. Therefore, it is important to figure out what can be planted next to the grapes.

Conditions for growing grapes

Temperature

At each stage of cultivation, the crop needs the appropriate temperature. So, awakening the kidneys early spring occurs when the average daily temperature reaches +10 °C. When entering the flowering phase, the fertilization process occurs best at a temperature of +25-30°C. If this indicator drops to +15°C, pollination will not occur. In order for the crop to fully ripen and accumulate a sufficient amount of sugar, the plant requires a temperature of around +30°C. If it is +15 °C or even lower, it will not be possible to obtain a high-quality harvest. The fruits will be unsweetened and will contain strong sourness.

The root and underground parts of the grape bush have different reactions to too low and too high temperatures during the dormant period or during the growing season. Thus, during the growing season, the plant grows much worse at temperatures above +37°C and below +10°C. When the temperature drops to zero or below, as a rule, the bush dies.

Pay attention! During this same period, rapid temperature changes from cold to warm pose a significant danger.

At the same time low temperatures V winter period usually do not harm plantings. However, everything here depends on the variety, reliability of the shelter and winter conditions. The most hazardous conditions in winter - frost with strong winds in the absence of the necessary shelter and stable snow cover. Under such conditions, the buds of European grape varieties die at a temperature of −15-17 °C.

Grapes - Harvest beds

Light

Grapes need good lighting. When there is a deficiency of sunlight, plants exhibit the following symptoms:

• lightening of foliage, slowing down its growth and premature defoliation;
• loss of commercial and taste properties of the crop;
• lengthening of internodes on stems;
• decreased productivity.

In view of this, the plant makes special demands on the place of cultivation. Thus, it cannot be planted in narrowed spans between buildings, as well as along walls directed to the north. Southern slopes and walls facing south side, are more preferable for the vineyard.

A too sudden change in light conditions can also pose a danger. As a result, it is necessary to open the bushes in a timely manner in the spring.

Note! If you do this too late, the buds that have managed to bloom in the soil will die from the sudden influx of sunlight and heat.

Soil

Grapes can be grown on different types soils, however, the crop exhibits the greatest productivity on those soils that warm up better, transmit moisture and oxygen more intensively, and are easier to cultivate. These include soils with high content crushed stone, coarse sand, pebbles. It is worth considering that, despite all their advantages, such soils are usually characterized by a low nutrient content, so it is recommended to apply appropriate fertilizing to them.

Fertilization with manure

On clay soils cultivation of grapes is also allowed, but such soil mixtures are usually characterized by weak structure, poor throughput water and air, processing problems. You can correct the situation using organic fertilizers, first of all - manure. Alkaline and swampy soils are not suitable for growing crops.

Important: the bed for grapes must be protected from the wind, so the winegrower should plant woody trees along the edges of the garden fruit plants, but such that will not obscure the culture.

Humidity

For grapes, both excess moisture and its deficiency are equally harmful and dangerous. In the first case, there is poor development of the root system and incomplete fertilization of inflorescences. The shoots continue to grow during the growing season and therefore freeze out in winter. The berries rot and become unusable. In waterlogged soil, warm weather and dense plantings, fungal diseases spread.

Lack of moisture also causes the development of diseases and pests. In such conditions, the stems do not ripen sufficiently, and the bushes often freeze out in winter.

In order for the bush to fully grow and develop, the plant requires about 500-700 ml of precipitation per year. Rain is especially important for the plant during the following periods:

• before flowering begins;
• after flowering is complete, when all parts of the plant experience increased growth;
• late autumn.

The soil is well moistened by autumn precipitation, which is why it is recommended to carry out snow retention in winter, and in spring - to detain melt water in the ground. The vine can grow normally even with a lack of rainfall, but only if groundwater lie at a depth of less than 5 meters from the soil surface.

Compatibility of grapes with other crops

Grapes are one of the most light-loving fruit crops. It should not be grown between tall tree crops, as they will certainly shade the grapes.

Additional information: It is better to cultivate low-growing, shade-tolerant vegetation next to grapes.

When growing grapes with other neighbors, it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of the plant’s root system. If the proximity is incorrect, the roots of different crops will overlap, which will impede the supply of moisture and nutrients. In this regard good neighbors for grapes there will be, for example, legumes, while corn is not suitable for intercropping.

Grapes belong to the category of moisture-loving crops that form a high-quality harvest only with regular irrigation. For it, it is necessary to select appropriate neighbors, including on this basis.

What can you plant near grapes?

There are a number of agricultural crops in close proximity to which grapes will feel comfortable. The main neighbors of grapes are presented in the table:

Please note: Regardless of the neighbor’s choice, it is necessary to plant it at a distance of at least half a meter from the grapes. If they are planted closely, the plant may be trampled during the next agrotechnical event.

When considering the compatibility of grapes with other plants, you need to take into account that there are a number of crops that cannot be planted near the vines. They remove from the soil a number of nutrients necessary for berry crops, and in return they release harmful toxins. These include:

• eggplant;
• corn;
• tomatoes;
• potato;
• zucchini;
• leek;
• chives;
• capsicum or red pepper.

Among the flowers, undesirable neighbors for grapes are:

• Gaillardia;
• calendula;
• blue cornflower;
• carnation;
• clematis.

Knowing what can be planted next to grapes, you can choose optimal conditions for cultivating crops. In this case, high yields can be achieved.

T What did he call one of the sections of his book? "Viticulture in a new way" famous Austrian winegrower Lenz Moser. He noticed that the growth and yield of grape bushes largely depended on the plants adjacent to them. L. Moser conducted numerous experiments to study the compatibility of grapes with other plants. It has been found that some are beneficial to grapes, stimulating their growth, while others have an adverse effect on them.

Plants useful for grapes: sour sorrel, peas, onions, garden radish, cauliflower, radishes, spinach, red beets, purslane, spring vetch, melon, hare cabbage, aster, strawberries, carrots, annual phlox, cucumber, fava beans, forget-me-nots, rye, dill, bush beans, watercress, poppy seeds, etc.

Plants neutral for grapes: garlic, kohlrabi, oats, mustard, pumpkin, spring rape, Savoy and Brussels sprouts.

Plants slightly harmful to grapes: eggplant, phacelia, shepherd's purse, black elderberry, parsley, physalis, potato (late), barley, pepper, coltsfoot, celery, caraway seeds, chickweed, sage.

Plants - antagonists of grapes: dandelion, sunflower, wormwood, stinging nettle and stinging nettle, plantain, marigold, small petal, lettuce, cloves, leek, wheatgrass, tomatoes, chives, millet, gaillardia, tansy, horseradish, field bindweed, corn and others.

Knowledge of these features of plant relationships is important for owners small plots trying to rationally use every piece of land. Many amateur winegrowers plant vegetables, flowers and other plants in the rows of the vineyard.

In this regard, it is difficult to resist and not cite as an example the long-term observations of Tamara Georgievna Ivanova, a resident of Ulyanovsk, which she shared in the magazine “Homestead Farming”, 1996, No. 8. “My thoughts are occupied with grapes all year round. And the main thing is how to arrange other plants so as not to damage it...

I checked thoroughly and made sure that perennial plants are friends with grapes: chives, lungwort, strawberries, especially strawberries. Pharmaceutical chamomile, which I also love very much, does not prevent it from growing. But I had to find a place further from the vines for peppermint, lemon, menthol, and cold mint. And how useful sage is for us, thanks to which I am not afraid of toothache, and lofant - a plant that prevents the aging of the body and can treat the facial nerve, and I plant them no closer than 2 m from the grapes.

But it gets along well with earthen almonds - chufa. I have grapes on a trellis, and under them a chufa carpet, and both produce a harvest... Each plant requires its own conditions for growth and development. Japanese quince grows well under grapes if the vines do not create continuous shade. Gets along with vines and hyssop. It even seems that it insulates the grapes.

The same can be said about gladioli, peonies, beans, and cucumbers. There are different opinions about the compatibility of grapes and nuts. Therefore, I want to talk about my observations. In my garden near Ufa, I grew 108 varieties of grapes.

Among the other plants was a nine-year-old manchurian nut. I shaped its crown in the shape of a palm tree. The side branches “started” from a height of 2.5 m, the crown was more than 5 m in diameter, and it grew in height to almost 7 m. At 20 cm from its trunk, just under its crown, from west to east, a a metal single-plane trellis 2.2 m high. Early Alma-Ata and Beauty of the North vines grew beautifully on it. 2.5 m from the walnut trunk from south to north (half a meter from the wall of the dacha) is another trellis, on which the vines of the Russian Concord also spread freely. On the other side of the path, 2.5 m from the walnut trunk, three more trellises stood one after the other from west to east. The grape varieties Yangier, Kuibyshevsky early ripening, Ais, etc. grew on them. The vines of an 11-year-old bush of the Taiga variety stretched above the roof of the dacha at a height of 6 m from the ground. The crown of the nut tree leaned over the vines during the wind. There was no more than 40 - 50 cm between the grape and nut leaves. And there was nothing to indicate that anyone was oppressing anyone. Nearby grew two more bushes of common barberry and viburnum, showered with fruits every autumn. I observed good compatibility between grapes and ginseng. For many years, grapes have been growing above the plantings of this plant, creating shade and moist air for it...

From perennial plants under the grapes, without disturbing either them or themselves, wild garlic, multi-tiered onions, thick-leaved bergenia, pink radiola, and Iremel radiola grow.

Looking through my notes, I compiled a list of plants for compatibility with grapes, dividing them into three groups.

First group. Plants grow especially well under grape vines: chufa, lentils, chives, Rhodiola rosea, Rhodiola Iremel.

In the second group, the following are quite compatible: herbaceous aralia, Japanese quince, chervil, carrots, bergenia, sweet potato, cauliflower and early cabbage, peas, gladioli, Moldavian dragonhead, wild garlic, onion, safflower-shaped Leuzea, lunaria, nasturtium, cucumbers, peonies , sweet peppers, squash, parsley, radishes, beets, pumpkins, escholzia, Manchurian nuts, strawberries.

The third group included plants that clearly interfere with the growth and development of grapes. Among its antagonists are all types of sage and lofanta.

I listed only those plants that are not listed in L. Moser’s book “Viticulture in a New Way.” Based on these and other observations, we can highlight some features that are important for northern winegrowers. First of all, plants grown near grape bushes should be of small height so as not to shade the bushes, especially in the area where the bunches are located, and not to interfere with the ventilation of the bushes. If grape bushes are covered for the winter, then it is undesirable to plant perennial and bulbous flowers near them. Ornamental plants it is better to place them in small groups, in clumps, keeping in mind that continuous planting of plants near grape bushes has a negative effect on thermal mode soil and ground air

1.

2.

3.Plants slightly harmful to grapes

4.

Unfortunately, the area of ​​our country houses and personal plots are not so large (more often - 4-6, less often - 10-12 acres of land), so it is not surprising that many owners of such plots also use the inter-row spaces of the vineyards, growing certain crops there. At the same time, not everyone thinks about how this neighborhood affects the “well-being” of the grape bushes. But it turns out that you need to think and know about this. It is known from literary sources that this problem was raised in the writings of scientists Ancient Greece and Rome, where the negative influence of secretions from laurel, hazel, cabbage and some other plants on the development of grapes and the taste of its berries was noted.
There is even a whole science - allelopathy, which studies the mutual influence of some plants on others through the secretions of their organs in environment specific organic substances. It has been proven that plants can act on each other through: 1) root secretions; 2) phytoncidal secretions of the vegetative mass; 3) secretions entering the soil with leaf washing; 4) vegetative mass decomposing in the soil. In addition, the roots of plants growing next to the grapes enter into a struggle for moisture and nutrients. The first extensive studies on the influence of various plants on grape bushes were carried out in Austria. The famous entrepreneur Lenz Moser found that in tinned vineyards, grape bushes react differently to their proximity to one or another plant, and the development of phylloxera and such dangerous pests and diseases, such as nematodes and viruses, are sharply limited. Having studied the influence of a large number of plants on grapes, he divided them into 4 groups: beneficial for grapes, neutral, slightly harmful and antagonists.
1. Plants beneficial for grapes: sour sorrel, sow peas, greater celandine, creeping celandine, neglected mallow, common mallow, sweet root, yellow mustard, onion, white sedum, garden radish, chard, pansies, cauliflower, radish, garden spinach, table beet, purslane, spring vetch, common groundsel, alfalfa, melon, hare cabbage, sugar beet, aster, ulcer, strawberry, sainfoin, soft wheat, phlox, carrots, primrose, cucumber, fava beans, forget-me-nots, rye, field buckwheat, milkweed, skerda, blood-red geranium, yellow mignonette, fumaria officinalis, prickly tartar, black henbane, garden dill, white cabbage, alfalfa, Iberian, bush beans, watercress, soporific poppy, straight grass, annual bluegrass.
2. Plants neutral for grapes: Alexandrian clover, fennel, silver-white alyssum, garlic, kohlrabi, oats, prickly thistle, field mustard, yellow sedum, pumpkin, spring rape, creeping clover, savoy cabbage, Brussels sprouts.
3. Plants slightly harmful to grapes a: eggplant, St. John's wort, shepherd's purse, salsify, phacelia, bindweed, black elderberry, parsley, cocksfoot, barren brome, timothy, sweet clover, burdock, physalis, meadow clover, potato (late), two-row barley, pepper capsicum, common thyme, coltsfoot, buttercup multiflorum, millet, celery, caraway seeds, fragrant chamomile, sickle alfalfa, spring cinquefoil, chickweed, forest sage.
4. Plants - antagonists of grapes: dandelion, fragrant china, horned butterfly, sunflower, wormwood, clematis, stinging nettle, lanceolate plantain, marigold, meadow grass, blue cornflower, Canadian small petal, hemp, elecampane, lettuce, fescue, cloves, lariat enveloping, curly sorrel, leek, creeping wheatgrass, common lumbago, tomatoes, chives, stinging nettle, prostrate speedwell, hairy millet, chicken millet, toadflax, common tansy, annual scilla, wormwood, great plantain, white pigweed , Lezeli's ryegrass, Italian ryegrass, horseradish, knotweed, upturned acorn, field creeper, field thistle, green bristle grass, forest lettuce, cypress spurge, wormwood, field bindweed, corn, black nightshade, common cress, common yarrow, white sandwort , amphibian knotweed, French ryegrass.
Plants of the first group stimulated growth processes in grapes, ripening of the vine, increased frost resistance, productivity and product quality.
Research conducted in the Republic of Moldova by Yu. N. Novosadyuk allowed him to rank some agricultural plants according to the strength of their activating influence on the development of grapes in the following rows:
- by group of grain crops: corn - rye - oats - wheat;
- by group of vegetable crops: potatoes - radishes - tomato;
- for the group of legumes: beans - peas;
- according to the group of forage crops of the cruciferous family: oilseed radish - rapeseed.
Agricultural crops such as barley, onions, cabbage, and soybeans had a depressing effect on the development of grapes. By the way, there are some differences in the results of the experiments of L. Moser and Yu. N. Novosadyuk. So, for the first author, corn is an antagonist to grapes, and for the second, it is a beneficial plant; in the first, barley is a slightly harmful crop for grapes, and in the second, it is an antagonist; in the first, cabbage is considered to be a plant beneficial for grapes, and in the second, it is considered an antagonist.
Interesting information about the compatibility of various plants and grapes, based on 20 years of observations, is reported by T. G. Ivanova from Ulyanovsk
. She divided the list of plants compatible with grapes into 3 groups.
In the 1st group she included plants that grow especially well under grape vines: chufa (ground almonds), lentils, chives, Rhodiola rosea and Iremel.
The 2nd group included plants that can be grown next to grapes: Japanese quince, cordate herbaceous aralia, thick-leaved bergenia, sweet potato, gladioli, sugar peas, wild strawberries (especially vineless varieties), ginseng, Moldavian dragonhead, officinalis hyssop, cauliflower and early, chervil, leuzea safroliform, linaria (lunaria), onion, bear onion (ramson), multi-tiered onion, carrots, nasturtium, cucumbers, Manchurian nut, squash, garden parsley, spring primrose, sweet pepper, peonies, radishes, chamomile, red beets, pumpkin, fragrant dill, beans (any variety and type).
The 3rd group included plants that clearly interfere with the growth and development of grapes, that is, its antagonists: sage (all types), and lofanthus (also all its types).
Thus, by correctly selecting crops for planting between the rows of the vineyard in order to sod it or obtain products, you can not only avoid a decrease in the yield, but even slightly increase it.

The neighbor who lives behind the door opposite is a master of gold, always ready to help, not like the elderly neighbor downstairs, who constantly breaks into a scream and collects gossip about everything and everyone. This situation happens not only among people, but also among grapes.

He gets along well with some plants, receiving only benefits from their proximity, but he cannot get along with other representatives of the flora, drooping from melancholy and the decreased amount of nutrients in the soil.

Grapes and pears are excellent neighbors

Even experienced gardeners sometimes begin to be at a loss: will the grapes like this plant, a bush with berries, onions, vegetables, other grape varieties, or is it better not to risk it and plant them in different corners of the garden, preferably opposite ones. In order to deal with doubts, this review was created. Below you will find out with what grapes are ready to establish friendly ties, and with which plants hostilities may break out. Beginning summer residents will also learn why to plant different plants nearby.

Be friends with your neighbor, but hold on to your saber

Allelopathy - the science of friendship and enmity

Allelopathy is the property of closely growing vegetables, bushes and other plants to influence each other. The main culprit is the chemicals secreted by each plant and forming a kind of biochemical protection: they affect the neighbors quietly growing nearby. The influence can be either positive, stimulating the growth of a neighbor, say a grape, or negative, suppressing its development. Substances released green creature consists of many elements including sugars, acids, essential oils and toxins.

Allelopathy is important for people involved in agriculture, and is not important in industrial scale or local. For summer residents, knowledge of this science will help to correctly place vegetables, herbs and herbs in a small area, thereby increasing the yield.

Bad neighbors of grapes: calendula (marigold), parsley, yarrow, clary sage

Pests are a real scourge for any cottage. They penetrate everywhere and everywhere. Having sunk their teeth into your favorite onions, cabbage or grapes, they quickly spread throughout the garden bed and if you don’t take action in time, you can forget about a great harvest. The secret is that pests find their victims by smell.

If you plant, for example, garlic or dill, then you practically don’t have to worry about the vines.

The influence of neighbors on each other can be more complex than just negative and positive. Thus, corn planted with legumes will grow much slower than its counterparts, but the harvest will be richer.

Selection criteria

The choice of what to plant with is based on the following criteria:

In cramped conditions and offended. It is recommended to arrange the plantings in such a way that they do not crowd together, taking away crumbs of space from each other. You can find manuals on sale or on the Internet explaining how much distance should be left between vegetables and bushes.

Good neighbors of grapes: dill, hyacinth, yarrow, strawberry

Light. Plants desperately fight for light because it is the basis of their life. Many representatives of the flora are light-loving, so the main thing here is not to plant a light-loving, but low plant in the shade of a tall one. But some feel great living under other plants - which means that these greens prefer shade to sun. The former include dill, cabbage and eggplant and should be planted with neighbors of similar size. Basil, cumin, carrots - they love sparse shade and can be planted under dill, which provides enough light. Mint and periwinkle will not feel intrusive if planted in dense shade.

Cabbage is an unfortunate neighbor, as grapes take away the light from it

Soil and moisture. Nutrients and moisture are collected by the roots and nourish the plant. The lack of these elements results in a depressed state, sores and slow dying. In human settlements, where famine began, local residents out of desperation they engaged in cannibalism and fought fiercely with each other for every moldy edge of bread. The same can be said about plants, but if in nature only the strong and cunning survive, then at the dacha a gardener can adjust strict laws and avoid the death of participants in the struggle for food.

Legumes and grapes grow well nearby

“Adjust” means carrying out a strict selection for the title of neighbor, since simply abundantly moistening the land and enriching it with fertilizers good results won't give it. Some vegetables, instead of stopping quarreling, grow a branched root system, which does not stop their arguing. In addition, not all vegetables turn out tasty in rich soil: an excess is just as harmful as a deficiency.

Therefore, when choosing neighbors for grapes, the first thing you should pay attention to is the roots and nutrient requirements.

Vegetables with deep-lying roots are less dependent on other plants in the garden, as opposed to vegetables with a root system lying close to the surface.

The difference is in care. Different cultures differ from each other in their care requirements. Some plants need a lot of moisture, others come from dry areas and do not like water. So, let's say cucumbers need a lot of water so as not to taste bitter, but onions Excess moisture is harmful, so planting these two vegetables together is a bad idea.

Corn is a very bad neighbor. because it takes away nutrients

Crops also create inconveniences in terms of harvesting: one is already ready for consumption, while the other needs a little more time to ripen, as a result of which the hand accidentally grabs unripe fruits.

Choosing friends

In fact, there are quite a lot of plants with which grapes feel comfortable in the same bed. Best neighbors, TOP variations:

Helps get rid of excess moisture drainage system, or you can raise the strawberry bed higher. The distance between the berries and the trellises varies from 50 cm to 1 meter.

Other grape varieties - but this issue should be considered separately.

Relationships between varieties

Beginning winegrowers are in no hurry to plant their wards together different varieties. A justified fear, because cultivation takes more than one year. A person who has not been involved in planting this crop has to delve into everything from books and advice from experienced people; he is surrounded by a sea of ​​contradictory information, among which in the first place are the demands made by the grapevines on their owner - the guardian. The fears are unfounded. Various varieties they feel great together.

Different grape varieties bear fruit well next to each other

The tradition of planting grape bushes together is associated with the nature of this plant. Varieties are bisexual and female.

The former pollinate themselves with their own fertile pollen. In female varieties, the pollen is not fertile, that is, it is inferior, sterile, it is not suitable for pollinating flowers, and without this, the ovaries will not form, and the harvest will not work. It is advantageous to plant female varieties together with pollinating varieties: the neighbor will pollinate the flowers of a sterile companion and contribute to the emergence of a crop. Pollination by an outside bush will also be beneficial and the yield from such a neighborhood will be higher, the berries will be larger in size and tastier.

It is correct to place together varieties that have the same fruiting period.

Either enemies or friends

Onions, radishes and sorrel, beets and strawberries are not the only neighbors that have a beneficial effect; flowers, say pansies or asters, can be included in the list. Compatibility with roses, fruit trees and shrubs is ambiguous. In the old days, roses were often planted between bushes with grape berries to protect the latter from being trampled by free-roaming cattle. Now that the problem with horses and cows is almost settled, there remains one more reason why it is worth planting prickly flowers with grapes.

Mildew disease is a terrible nightmare for winegrowers, destroying their offspring and the fruits of hard work. Roses are also susceptible to this disease, and even to a greater extent, and if they are placed near the grape plantings, between them, the flowers can be used as an alarm and a call to mobilize the wine-growing team. Roses will also warn about excess heavy metals in the ground and decorate the garden with their presence.

Grapes and roses suffer from the same diseases, so they need to be planted away from each other

Fruit trees are another controversial neighborhood. Vines, no matter what variety, need sunlight, but if you plant them in a circle of shadow falling from the crown, growth problems will begin. The second problem is at the underground level. The roots of the tree are powerful and developed; the grape roots have nothing to oppose them. Tree roots will take the lion's share of nutrients from their neighbor and the productivity of the latter will noticeably lag behind the bar. Almost the only one fruit tree, which gardeners can plant near the vines is a pear.

The pear is a recognized neighbor for grapes; both plants are tolerant of each other.

The proximity to currants and raspberry bushes is acceptable until the effect that the smell of the bushes can have on the vines and their fruits has been studied. Indirect harm to the roots of the latter will come from caring for currant bushes - they need regular watering in the summer, unlike grape roots. As a result, additional, dewy roots of the latter will develop to the detriment of the main ones, and this will lead to sad consequences from cracking of the berries to a decrease in resistance to frost.

Currants are a neutral neighbor for grapes

Beware of enemies

It is worth noting the fact that not all summer residents agree on the beneficial and negative influence plants on top of each other. Some believe that sorrel and onions, noted in this article as useful plants, actually harm the grapes. A recommendation is advice, but gardens are different. At one dacha, onions are a wonderful neighbor, but at another, they are a blood enemy that has to be rooted out with a fight. Monitor the behavior of your green players and react sensitively to changes in their well-being; this tactic will help you avoid trouble.

Nettle is an antagonist of grapes and is very depressing

Potatoes, eggplants and capsicums cannot be planted with grape bushes.

Weeds can be both pests and beneficial neighbors. If you plant bushes on bare ground, they will grow “creakingly” - slowly and sadly, lagging behind their counterparts growing on the green carpet. The grass acts as a kind of fertilizer for the soil, enriches it, saving it from overdrying and hardening. Grapevines will not survive on bare ground. WITH reverse side, weeds were not called weeds because they have pretty eyes. Grass takes away nutrients from young plantings, which is why they cannot develop and grow at a normal pace, so an excess of weeds is just as harmful as their complete absence. The size of the weeds also matters: in tall grass, pests deftly move from the ground to low-hanging clusters.

Weeds protect grapes from drying out

A good neighborhood is good for the vines. Sow strawberries and radishes, but make sure that the bushes like their presence.

Compatibility of grapes with various plants and crops.

Many people ask the question about the compatibility of grapes with other plants. In Moser's book, plants are ranked according to their usefulness for the vineyard. But in different sources These points are given differently.
I would like to answer this question by describing my personal observations based on growing grapes for many years. I would like to pay special attention to plants that are antagonistic, that is, harmful to grapes. I do not recommend planting them close to grapes, as they greatly inhibit them, first of all, retarding the growth of the plant.

Plants considered beneficial for grapes
Sorrel, carrots, peas, cabbage, cauliflower, radishes, beets, melon, radish, strawberries, cucumber, dill, beans, onions.

Plants to which grapes are neutral
Cherry, pear, plum, apple tree, garlic, pumpkin, lettuce, purslane, melon.

Plants considered mildly harmful to grapes
Parsley, eggplant, potatoes, capsicum, celery, gooseberries.

Plants harmful to grapes
There are much more of them than useful ones - these are our “weeds” - dandelion, wormwood, wheatgrass, plantain, bindweed, nightshade, yarrow, wormwood, nettle and flowers - marigold, clematis, cornflower, as well as lawn grass, horseradish, corn, tomato, sunflower, cut onion, lettuce. Walnuts are particularly harmful plants.

As for the bushes - currants, roses.
Theoretically, this is acceptable, but such phenomena as “aromatic properties” and their influence on the grape plant have not been studied, that is, how the pungent smell of these crops will affect the grapes.
The root system of shrubs is on the surface and at high temperatures air in summer period they have to be watered frequently, and this will affect the development of the grapes, since the surface roots of the bush will actively develop. I assure you that this is not entirely desirable, since grapes can intensively develop surface roots to the detriment of the development of the main ones. This will lead to cracking of the berries during their ripening during summer precipitation. Dewy roots will more actively absorb their moisture upper layers soils than the main ones.
Another disadvantage of such close proximity will be the overwintering of plants. It is necessary to take into account that the root system of grapes can withstand an average temperature drop of down to -5. When the soil in horizon A freezes in winter, the dew roots will freeze, which will lead to a weakening of the plant as a whole and, in particular, the main roots.

I will answer the question about planting grapes close to fruit trees.
If we plant grapes closer than the crown parameter, they will most likely suffer from shading (this factor depends on the location of the tree crown in relation to the path of the sun) and tree roots will most likely appear in the grape root zone, which will absorb nutrients necessary for the grapes themselves. Due to this, the root system of the grapes will be impaired. From this it follows that the productivity of the grape bush will decrease.
Then the question arises - does it make sense to plant grapes close to trees?