Frame construction implies the presence in the building of a load-bearing structure made of wood or metal, which provides the necessary rigidity, resistance to weather conditions, and vertical loads.

Some of the elements of such a frame are called jibs. They are diagonal sections of a metal profile, profile pipe or wooden beam, which in established form are located diagonally and serve as additional reinforcing parts. How necessary are they and is it possible to do without jibs when building a frame? You will learn about this from today's article.

What are jibs - types and description

The jib is considered an additional element of the frame; their task is to increase the reliability and strength of the supporting structure. As a standard, they are installed at an angle of 45 degrees, but in the areas where door and window openings value may vary.

Main types of jib according to the material used:

• wooden - quite light, environmentally friendly, do not weigh down the frame and do not create unnecessary load on the base of the house - the foundation and frame;
• metal – not affected by aggressive biological factors– mold, mildew, insects.

Each material has not only advantages, but also disadvantages. So, wooden elements frames can be deformed with significant moisture and further drying, and metal ones are heavy and susceptible to corrosion. In addition, there is such a thing as temporary elements. These parts are installed if necessary to strengthen the frame before facing it with slabs and sheet materials, which themselves also create additional rigidity.

Why can't we do without them?

Buildings built using frame technology are durable, but in order for them to meet all the requirements and not let their owner down by premature failure, it is necessary to follow the rules for assembling the frame.

The main components of the supporting structure of the frame are located perpendicular to each other, horizontally and vertically - these are racks and crossbars. This position of the frame elements does not provide sufficient rigidity, and also does not compensate for soil displacement and is not sufficiently resistant to wind loads. To give greater rigidity, jibs are used in a frame house. Diagonal components do an excellent job of resisting deformation due to wind loads and other “transverse” influences.

results correct installation ukosin:

• protection from deformation processes of the supporting structure of the building, its walls, ceilings, floors;
• reliable fixation thermal insulation materials inside wall cavities (if mineral wool insulation is used as thermal insulation);
• uniform distribution of load on supporting elements;
• increase in rigidity, service life of the building, strength.

After proper installation additional elements frame, the building will be able to successfully withstand not only the usual loads, but also heavy winds, abnormal snow loads and even earthquakes.

Correct installation of jib

The most important thing in construction frame house- assemble correctly load-bearing structure. Installing diagonal elements also requires a few simple steps. rules:

• mandatory insertion of parts into horizontal frame frames;
• less convenient installation from the inside will avoid heat loss; installation from the outside will cause the appearance of cold bridges;
• You should not use self-tapping screws, only nails, as fasteners for jibs;
• installation is carried out in the direction: the center of the bottom trim beam - the upper outer corners.

If you follow these simple requirements, the jibs will increase the strength of the frame and create the necessary rigidity to successfully withstand the loads and forces of nature.

In what cases can one refuse to install additional diagonal frame elements?

Despite the importance of jibs, there are times when they may not be installed. If sheet or slab materials of certain types are chosen for the outer cladding, they themselves create the necessary rigidity, which will be sufficient for the operation of the house as planned. Of course, you shouldn’t count on record stability in this case.

You can refuse mowing if external cladding executed from:

• waterproof plywood;
• aqua panels;
• Chipboard, etc.

Also, the installation of diagonal additional frame elements can be avoided if a small utility structure is being built (garages, storage facilities, outdoor toilets and other domestic buildings).

If the refusal to install is due to the hope of creating rigidity and strength with the cladding, three simple steps should be followed: moment:

• facing material must be durable, without defects, under no circumstances purchase substandard ones;
• the sheathing parts should be as large as possible, so the required degree of rigidity and strength will be achieved;
• The technology of facing work involves the arrangement of elements randomly; one cannot deviate from this rule in any case.

And it’s worth remembering that it’s better not to build large houses and cottages with an impressive area without jibs, even with external cladding using sheet and slab materials. The large area of ​​the walls creates a significant sailing effect. Because of this, at high wind speeds, the building can simply “collapse” under its pressure.

Resists the vagaries of the weather. Wind, snow, rain - all these negative phenomena cannot damage the structure if it is securely fortified. The most common and effective method strengthening the structure is the installation of jibs.

Definition

Jib beams are elements of a frame structure, installed at an angle of 45° (less commonly, 60°). They serve as additional support and increase the reliability of the house. Usually the jib is a beam made of wood.

Jibs are distinguished by the fact that they strengthen the frame structure without creating additional load on the foundation. Therefore, it is advisable to use wooden elements. Jib beams in a frame house are required for protection from bad weather.

Main functions

You can't do without jibs. Interested in home security? Then take care of installing these additional elements. Priority - wooden jibs. Hardware They only resist tension. Therefore, they are mounted crosswise in order to achieve resistance to the variable load vector. Another disadvantage: waterproofing is required before installation.

The jib performs the following functions:

Damage to walls due to bad weather and extreme elements is excluded.

Prevents partition defects due to too high loads.

Additional rigidity to load-bearing structures.

Provide reliable fixation thermal insulation materials inside the walls.

The load is evenly distributed between the main elements of the frame structure.

Device Features

Solid wood boards are selected for manufacturing coniferous species. The thickness of the jib is 2.5 centimeters. Before making them, the boards are dried. High humidity wood leads to the fact that the gap between the jibs and frame elements becomes wider, the strength of the structure is noticeably reduced.

Seven primary rules when installing jib:

They are installed both in external walls and partitions.

Correct angle installation - 45 degrees. The indicator increases only if we are talking about window and door structures.

Installation is carried out from the central part of the lower beam upward to the corners.

To ensure a tight fit, you need to cut the jibs into the frame. To do this, puzzles are cut out with the appropriate depth and width. If the jibs are installed correctly, not only a tight fit is ensured, but also easier fastening of the sheathing.

For each wall you need at least two jibs. It is also not advisable to use too much product.

Fixation is done with nails. About two or three pieces per rack. No self-tapping screws needed!

Mount wooden crafts outside. It is more comfortable. Of course, if you follow the strict canons of thermophysics, installation inside seems more effective.

What if you do without cuttings?

It’s impossible without cuttings. It happens that an alternative to these stiffening elements is plywood or OSB (oriented strand board). This option is acceptable. However, in strong winds, frame houses sheathed with plywood may suffer damage. It is more advisable to use jibs.

Do you want to do without them? Then be prepared for the house to tilt over time due to the wind. Due to strong gusts or large amounts of snow, there is a risk of structural failure. Therefore, installation of jibs is mandatory if we are talking about a residential building. Frame garages, warehouses, sheds, toilets can do without them.

You need to know the main rule - installing the jib. The jib is an important, one of the main elements to ensure the rigidity and stability of the structure of your wooden house. Without this detail, the house will be shaky, easily exposed to the forces of nature, and its service life will be reduced tenfold.

Jib bars: necessity or myth

There are popular opinions and “myths” about the need for mowing:
1. jibs are extra costs time and money during construction. So, people far from the construction business can argue. As stated earlier, the fundamental role of this structural element is its rigidity.
2. They can be replaced with external cladding. You can do without them if you are going to build a barn or other outbuilding. However, the exterior trim must be made of tile material or the finishing boards must be positioned at an angle of 45 degrees.
3. For interior walls(partitions) they can be neglected. In this case, the load perceived by the structure of the house from wind, snow on the roof and static load from the roof itself will be perceived only external walls. Partitions without jibs will undergo deformation, and the entire interior decoration will be damaged and cracks will appear.
4. Spacers are jibs. Developers often confuse struts with jibs. In construction, spacers are used when the height of the walls is 3 m or more. This is done to eliminate the “spring” effect of the board. But they do not give the house structure the necessary rigidity and stability in three-dimensional space.

Jib beams in a frame house are a necessity!

If you still doubt the installation of jibs when building a house and hope that they can be replaced with sheet sheathing or slabs (chipboard, OSB), then on the Internet you can find a lot of photographs of houses without jibs that refutes your hopes.

Let's look at the benefits of using jib beams when building a house:
Without the use of these parts, the frame and the entire house will not have sufficient reliability and durability.
Prevents deformation and damage to external and interior decoration Houses.
Eliminates “walking” of inter-wall insulation.
Stabilizes the house and prevents it from folding.
Wind load, snow load and static load from the roof itself are distributed evenly throughout the entire frame structure of the building.

Correct jibs

In the structure, it is important not only to provide for the presence of jibs, but also to properly manufacture and secure them:
1. The angle of installation of the jibs is 45 ° (ideal angle, ensures maximum structural rigidity). In places where there are door and window openings, it is not always possible to maintain this angle. Therefore, an angle of 60° is allowed, and an increase in the angle is compensated by an increase in the number of jibs.
2. Do not use hollow jibs. An exception may be small one-story buildings with flexible diagonal connections.
3. Correctly install the jibs from the bottom from the center of the wall up to the ceiling of the vertical post with the top trim. At the top, the jibs should fit tightly (without gaps) to the edges of the racks and the upper ceiling.
4. When installing the jibs under them in vertical posts, it is necessary to make grooves for the jibs in the upper and lower trim. The depth of the groove is made depending on the thickness of the jibs. IN steel frame the jibs must fit inside the metal profile of the racks.
5. The cross-sectional dimensions of the jib are calculated depending on the requirements of SNiP for each region separately.
6. Attach the corner stiffeners to each vertical post with two nails.

Mistakes that can be made when installing jib:

Using forests with unnatural humidity. As they dry further, the boards “shrink out” and gaps form in tight joints. The rigidity of the structure is significantly reduced.
The cross-sectional dimensions of the frame elements are smaller than those necessary to resist the loads.
Use of low-quality lumber.
Placement of jibs in corners. Leads to a decrease in the rigidity and stability of the structure.

Consequences of building a frame house without jib
Refusal to use jib beams in the construction of a frame house can lead to disastrous consequences:
destruction of the house under the influence of snow and wind loads;
external cladding plywood (it has a high degree of spatial rigidity compared to chipboard, OSB, etc.) does not provide the necessary rigidity;
under the influence of soil movement, the house can “walk” on its own;

Temporary jib
Installation of temporary jibs is a necessary step during the construction of the building frame. They are used:
During installation of corner posts. Temporary jibs prevent the connection between the corner post and the lower frame from becoming loose until the upper frame is installed.
For leveling frame walls and eliminating following problems when installing doors, windows, interior and exterior finishing. When the doors are not hung, but finishing slabs do not meet in the corner.
For installation and alignment of rafters under the roof.

The procedure for installing temporary jib:
1. First we align the corners. For this operation, you can use a bubble or laser level. You can also use the “American” method. Secure the level to a board as long as the height of the wall.
2. Temporary jibs are fastened with blocks secured to the floor or platform at the bottom and to the upper joists at the top.
3. The installation pitch of the jib is from 1.2 m to 1.5 m. They are made from boards with a section of 25x150 mm.
With the help of temporary jib, you can correct significant defects by creating the necessary leverage.

Do-it-yourself jibs

Although jibs are an important element of a frame house, making them yourself will not be particularly difficult:
1. As a rule, a board with a cross-section of 25x100 mm is used (for areas with increased wind load, a cross-section of 50x100 mm is recommended). The length of the board should be 30% longer than the height of the wall.
2. Apply it to the vertical posts at an angle of 45 - 60 ° (depending on the design of the wall, where it turns out). We mark the grooves in the racks, from the upper to the lower joists. The jib should come from the center of the wall, the top should be directed towards the upper corner of the post, and the bottom should be moved as far as possible.
3. With a regular hacksaw or manual circular saw We make grooves and remove the wood with a chisel. The corners of the jib itself are also trimmed along the outsole.
4. The jib must fit tightly into the grooves made to ensure maximum rigidity.
5. In window and doorways It is recommended to place the jibs from the corner to the hole. Thus, additional fastening of the opening pillars is carried out.
6. The jibs are fastened with 2 nails. for each vertical stand and 3 pcs. on the top and bottom trim.
By following these steps in the manufacture of jibs, you will obtain the necessary rigidity of your structure to withstand wind and snow loads.

When building a reliable frame house, you need to know the main rule - installing jibs. The jib is an important, one of the main elements to ensure the rigidity and stability of the structure of your wooden house. Without this detail, the house will be shaky, easily susceptible to the forces of nature, and its service life will be reduced tenfold.

Jib bars: necessity or myth

There are popular opinions and “myths” about the need for mowing:

1. Ukosin– this is an extra waste of time and money during construction. So, people far from the construction business can argue. As stated earlier, the fundamental role of this structural element is its rigidity. Resistance to gusts of wind and heavy snowfall is practically reduced to zero.
2. They can be replaced with external cladding. You can do without them if you are going to build a barn or other outbuilding. However, the exterior trim must be made of tile material or the finishing boards must be positioned at an angle of 45 degrees.
3. For interior walls(partitions) they can be neglected. In this case, the load perceived by the structure of the house from the wind, snow on the roof and the static load from the roof itself will be perceived only by the external walls. Partitions without jibs will undergo deformation, and the entire interior decoration will be damaged and cracks will appear.
4. Spacers- these are jibs. Developers often confuse struts with jibs. In construction, spacers are used when the height of the walls is 3 m or more. This is done to eliminate the “spring” effect of the board. But they do not give the house structure the necessary rigidity and stability in three-dimensional space.

Jib beams in a frame house are a necessity!

If you still doubt the installation of jibs when building a house and hope that they can be replaced with sheet sheathing or slabs (chipboard, OSB), then on the Internet you can find a lot of photographs of houses without jibs that refutes your hopes.

Let's look at the benefits of using jib beams when building a house:

• Without the use of these parts, the frame and the entire house will not have sufficient reliability and durability.
• Prevent deformation and damage to the external and internal decoration of the house.
• Eliminates the “walking” of inter-wall insulation.
• Stabilizes the house and prevents it from folding.
• Wind load, “snow” load lying on the roof, and static load from the roof itself are distributed evenly over the entire frame structure of the house.

Correct jibs

When building a frame house, it is important not only to provide for the presence of jibs, but also to make and secure them correctly:

1. The installation angle of the jib is 45°(ideal angle providing maximum structural rigidity). In places where there are door and window openings, it is not always possible to maintain this angle. Therefore, an angle of 60° is allowed, and an increase in the angle is compensated by an increase in the number of jibs.
2. Do not use hollow jibs. An exception may be small one-story buildings with flexible diagonal connections.
3. Correctly install the jibs from the bottom from the center of the wall up to the overlap of the vertical post with top trim. At the top, the jibs should fit tightly (without gaps) to the edges of the racks and the upper ceiling.
4. When installing jibs under them in vertical racks, in the upper and lower trim it is necessary to make grooves for the jibs. The depth of the groove is made depending on the thickness of the jibs. In a steel frame, the jibs must fit inside the metal profile of the racks.
5. The cross-sectional dimensions of the jib are calculated depending on the requirements of SNiP for each region separately.
6. Attach the corner stiffeners to each vertical post with two nails.

Mistakes that can be made when installing jib:

• Using forests with unnatural humidity. As they dry further, the boards “shrink out” and gaps form in tight joints. The rigidity of the structure is significantly reduced.
• The cross-sectional dimensions of the frame elements are smaller necessary to resist loads.
• Use of low-quality lumber.
• Place the jib in the corners. Leads to a decrease in the rigidity and stability of the structure.

Consequences of building a frame house without jib

Refusal to use jib beams in the construction of a frame house can lead to disastrous consequences:

• house destruction under the influence of snow and wind loads;
• external plywood cladding(it has the highest degree of spatial rigidity in comparison with chipboard, OSB, etc.) does not provide the necessary rigidity;
• under the influence of ground movement, the house can “walk” on its own;

Temporary jib

Installation of temporary jibs is a necessary stage at the stage of erecting the frame of a house. They are used:

• During installation of corner posts. Temporary jibs prevent the connection between the corner post and the lower frame from becoming loose until the upper frame is installed.
• For leveling frame walls and eliminating subsequent problems during the installation of doors, windows, interior and exterior trim. When the doors don't hang and the finishing slabs don't meet in the corner.
• For installation and alignment of rafters under the roof.

The procedure for installing temporary jib:

1. First we align the corners. For this operation, you can use a regular plumb line, bubble or laser level. You can also use the “American” method. Secure the level to a board as long as the height of the wall.
2. Temporary jibs are attached with blocks, fixed at the bottom to the floor or platform, at the top to the upper logs.
3. The installation step of the jib is from 1.2m to 1.5m. They are made from inch boards (section 25x150 mm).

With the help of temporary jibs, significant defects can be corrected by creating the necessary leverage.

Do-it-yourself jibs

Although jibs are an important element of a frame house, making them yourself will not be particularly difficult:

1. As a rule, a board with a cross section of 25x100 mm is used(for areas with increased wind load, a section of 50x100 mm is recommended). The length of the board should be 30% longer than the height of the wall.
2. Apply to vertical posts at an angle of 45 - 60°(depending on the design of the wall, where it turns out). We mark the grooves in the racks, in the upper and lower joists. The jib should extend from the center of the wall, the top should be directed towards the upper corner of the post, and the bottom should be moved to the maximum distance possible.
3. Use a regular hacksaw or hand circular saw to cut the grooves and remove the wood with a chisel. The corners of the jib itself are also trimmed along the outsole.
4. The jib must fit tightly into the grooves made, to ensure maximum rigidity.
5. In areas of window and door openings, it is recommended to place the jibs from the corner to the opening. Thus, additional fastening of the opening pillars is carried out.
6. The jibs are fastened with 2 nails. for each vertical stand and 3 pcs. on the top and bottom trim.

By following these steps in the manufacture of jibs, you will obtain the necessary rigidity of your structure to withstand wind and snow loads.

Jib beams in a frame house

We continue the series of texts about the components of the walls of a frame house. Finally we have reached the cuttings. Jib frame house- important element wall, which is needed so that the house does not fold in any direction after construction. If you have read news about careless builders on the forum, you have probably seen such situations.

In order for your frame house to stand long and strong, jibs are cut into the wall posts of the frame house.

Important: the frame house jib must cut at an angle of 45-60 degrees into both frames (lower and upper). Sometimes the second one crashes too top harness(as in the picture above), but less often.

Video about how to embed a jib in a frame house? How to do it in 1 minute

Ukosin must be used if slab cladding (OSB-3, plywood) is not planned on the walls. With slab sheathing, jibs are not needed; it is more than 5 times stronger than jibs (if it is OSB or 12 mm plywood). But for a frame one-story house, the jibs are quite enough.

In any case (with or without slab cladding), you will need temporary jib.

Temporary jibs in a frame house

Temporary jibs are used at the stage immediately after the walls are raised, while they are not yet secured on top with floor joists, and slab sheathing has not been installed. Temporary jibs help the walls not to fall anywhere and remain in a given place. It’s better not to skimp on the number of boards, as they can be easily removed later.

It all looks like this:

Small bonus:
How to raise a wall with sheathing(photo). Note that even with slab cladding, the builder installs temporary jibs.

Although this is not often done, perhaps someone will decide that it is more convenient for him this way. I didn’t bother translating, everything seems to be clear.

Little bonus #2:
How to attach the second top wall trim frame (photo)

Ask questions in the comments or personally to me in individual consultations, and I also remind you that our design team will develop for you individual project frame house in accordance with all your wishes.

Ukosina - obliquely installed timber, the purpose of which is to support a vertical structure or part of it.

In construction they are used to increase the rigidity of the frame. Jib beams are installed in a frame house to increase the stability and strength of the frame.

Frame house, the role of the jib

In Russia, frame houses began to be built after many years of their construction in America and Europe. Canadian and Finnish frame technologies have been formed. Vast experience has been accumulated frame construction. All mistakes, shortcomings and their impact on the operation of houses are summarized in the Rules or Code. Some of its provisions have been translated and included in the Code of Rules for Design and Construction frame houses, operating in Russia. The vault allows you to use other people’s experience, build frame houses without mistakes from available materials. Unfortunately, in practice the rules are distorted due to the desire to reduce the cost and simplify construction. Reinterpretation occurs at the level of design, choice of materials, and construction itself. As a result, consumers develop misconceptions about frame technology, performance qualities such houses.

Racks, joists and ceilings are at right angles or parallel to each other. Without the use of special stabilizing elements, the house may collapse. Such an element is a jib, a bar installed and secured at an angle to the racks. A house with walls containing such strengthening elements can withstand any gusts of wind or earthquakes.

Among Russian builders, the opinion has spread that jibs for a frame house are optional. Despite this, such an element of the foundation of the house is extremely necessary. Sheathing with slabs can replace them only when creating small buildings for utility purposes. The absence of jibs for a residential building threatens destruction, which begins with deformation of the interior and exterior finishes and displacement of the heat-insulating layer.

Expert opinion

Mikhail Fromov

Ask a question to an expert

In frame houses built at the beginning, jibs were not always used. Instead, the house was sheathed with boards set at 45° in a herringbone pattern. Many years of experience have proven the unreliability of this method; it is used for non-residential buildings of a small area.

Ways to increase the rigidity of the foundation of a house

To increase the stability of the frame, use:

1. The wooden jib is installed at an angle of 45°. If adjacent walls, door or window openings do not allow this angle to be maintained, it is increased to 60°, sometimes more. The increase in angle should be compensated by installing more elements on the wall. To reliably stabilize the frame, a 25 x 100 mm board, embedded in the boards of the upper and lower trim, is sufficient. The use of planks with a larger cross-section leads to unreasonable costs for materials. The lower edge of the plank is placed closer to the center of the house, the upper edge - to the perimeter. Wooden jibs are strong, slightly weigh down the frame, and can withstand tensile and compressive loads.
2. Metal jibs are most common in North America, are rarely used in Russia due to their significant weight and susceptibility to corrosion. They are attractive due to their low cost and speed of installation. Metal jibs are also cut into the upper and lower skins, but they are installed in a cross. This is due to the fact that metal strips can only withstand tensile loads and cannot withstand compressive loads. Installing two elements in a cross allows you to compensate for loads in any direction.
3. External sheathing with plywood or oriented strand boards. Attached to the posts and boards of the lower frame, they form a triangle.

Which method to choose depends on specific conditions: building area, climate, purpose, number of floors. A combination of jib material is possible.

Expert opinion

Mikhail Fromov

Construction of houses, extensions, terraces and verandas.

Ask a question to an expert

Jib struts should not be confused with struts. Spacers have a different purpose; they are installed according to completely different rules. The spacer is used to eliminate the spring effect of the boards at high wall heights (from 3 m).

What does the absence of stabilizing elements or their incorrect installation lead to?

Illiterate approach to design frame buildings leads to loss of strength and durability of the house. In the absence of jibs in load-bearing walls and partitions, the structure does not last even one year. They resist displacement and lateral loads. Engineering calculations taking into account maximum snow and wind loads are required.

What to consider when installing a jib

In order for the jib to reliably strengthen the frame of the building, when installing it, you must follow the rules:

1. The thickness of the plank is up to one-fourth of the wall thickness.
2. The jib is cut flush into the trim boards and wall posts.
3. At least two elements are installed on one wall in different directions: one tilted to the left, the other to the right.
4. If the jib is installed before the wall is raised, in a lying position, then it should not be fixed rigidly, so that after installing the wall in a vertical position, the bar can be adjusted.
5. Install jibs with inside walls are more rational from the point of view of the formation of cold bridges. WITH outside more convenient to attach. The choice of wall side does not affect the diagonal stiffness.

Temporary elements

Temporary jibs support the walls after they are erected until they are permanently secured to the floor joists and the sheathing is installed.

Expert opinion

Mikhail Fromov

Construction of houses, extensions, terraces and verandas.

Ask a question to an expert

Temporary miters are not installed flush; they are attached from the outside so that they can be easily removed without disturbing appearance, structural strength.

There is a widespread opinion among people that installing jibs is a waste of time and money - a harmful myth. Their absence shortens the life of the house and makes it vulnerable to the effects of climatic conditions, wind loads. This is a necessary element of a reliable building frame, responsible for its rigidity; savings are inappropriate. In most cases, it cannot be replaced with sheathing. In order for the jib to cope with its task, it is necessary to strictly follow all the rules when installing it.

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437t.r. Frame house KD-4 10x13 126m2 one-story 680t.r. Frame house KD-14 5x6 30m2 one-story 221t.r. Frame house KD-16 4x5 20m2 one-story 151t.r. Frame house KD-31 6x6 36m2 one-story 238t.r. Frame house KD-32 6x7 42m2 one-story 287t.r. Frame house KD-33 7.5x10 75m2 one-story 417t.r. Frame house KD-34 7.5x10.5 78(88) m2 one-story 510t.r. Frame house KD-35 8(9.5)x10.6 91(98) m2 one-story 543t.r. Frame house KD-37 6(8.5)x10.6 68(90) m2 one-story 428t.r. Frame house KD-38 6(7.5)x10 66m2 one-story 440t.r. Frame house KD-42 8x9.2 73m2 one-story 435t.r. Frame house KD-43 10x16.5 162m2 one-story 888t.r. Frame house KD-44 9x12 108m2 one-story ???t.r. Frame house KD-45 9x12 108m2 one-story 645t.r. Frame house KD-47 8x12 96m2 one-story 592t.r. Frame house KD-63 6x6 24m2 one-story 208t.r. Frame house KD-65 6.5x10 65(85) m2 1st floor pitched roof 454t.r. Frame house KD-68 8x9.3(12.3) 74(98) m2 1st floor double-house 432t.r. Frame house KD-421 8x9.2 73(92) m2 one-story 475t.r. Frame house KD-432 10x16.7 162m2 one-story duplex 909t.r. Frame house KD-451 9x12 108(130) m2 one-story 665t.r.

Two-story houses and houses with an attic from 320 to 1021 thousand rubles. Frame house KD-1 6x10 105m2 With warm attic

444t.r. Frame house KD-2 6x10.5 121m2 with a warm attic 547t.r. Frame house KD-6 13.2x16.2 308m2 Chalet+Spa area 1715t.r. Frame house KD-8 8.5x9.7 148m2 with a warm attic 702t.r. Frame house KD-9 10.5x13 192m2 double decker 1026t.r. Frame house KD-11 6x10 102m2 with a warm attic 425t.r. Frame house KD-12 6x7 84m2 with a warm attic 361t.r. Frame house KD-15 6x7.4 89m2 with a warm attic 414t.r. Frame house KD-17 6x6 72m2 with a warm attic 347t.r. Frame house KD-18 8x7.4 89(118) m2 with a warm attic 513t.r. Frame house KD-21 6x10 120m2 with a warm attic 543t.r. Frame house KD-22 8.4x10.5 172m2 with a warm attic 722t.r. Frame house KD-23 8.4x10 168m2 with a warm attic 734t.r. Frame house KD-24 8.4x10 167m2 with a warm attic 829t.r. Frame house KD-25 8.8x11.7 198m2 with a warm attic 927t.r. Frame house KD-26 6x10 137(156) m2 with a warm attic 678t.r. Frame house KD-27 8.4x11 195m2 with a warm attic 955t.r. Frame house KD-28 8x9 147m2 with a warm attic 744t.r. Frame house KD-29 8x8 128m2 with a warm attic 631t.r. Frame house KD-81 9.5x9.5 180m2 with a warm attic 854t.r. Frame house KD-92 9x9 168m2 with a warm attic 853t.r. Frame house KD-93 9.5x9.5 180m2 with a warm attic 817t.r. Frame house KD-96 10.5x13 242m2 double decker 1114t.r. Frame house KD-97 9x10 176m2 with a warm attic ???t.r. Frame house KD-151 6x10 104m2 with a warm attic 519t.r. Frame house KD-171 6x8 84m2 with a warm attic 403t.r. Frame house KD-172 6x10 96m2 with a warm attic 428t.r. Frame house KD-211 6x10 120(138) m2 with a warm attic 603t.r. Frame house KD-212 6x10 120(135) m2 chalet with a warm attic 612t.r. Frame house KD-219 6x9 108m2 with a warm attic 516t.r. Frame house KD-231 8.4x10 168(186) m2 with garage and warm attic 795t.r. Frame house KD-237 7x10 140m2 with a warm attic 655t.r. Frame house KD-252 8.8x11.7 198m2 duplex with attic 920t.r. Frame house KD-271 8.4x11 195(233) m2 with garage 1081t.r. Frame house KD-292 8x8 128m2 with a warm attic 580t.r. Frame house KD-901 10.5x13 192(223) m2 two-story with garage 1181t.r.The price includes: insulation 150-200-250mm min. cotton wool and before. fine finishing.
Monolithic strip foundation (MZLF) h50cm x w40cm + 50-80 t.r.

Small architectural forms - baths, garages, etc. from 8 to 327 thousand rubles. Frame bath KD-7 4x5 20m2 including Stove-fireplace

210t.r. Frame toilet KD-51 1.2x1.3 1.3m2 beautiful and comfortable 10.2t.r. Frame utility unit/change house KD-52 2(3)x4 8(12)m2 with terrace 25t.r. Frame utility unit/change house KD-53 3x4(12)m2 5(15)m2 single-slope 37t.r. Frame garage KD-55 7x7 49m2 garage 187t.r. Game complex KD-58 1.7x1.7 2.9m2 with a swing 18.6t.r. Frame house/sauna KD-63 6x6 24m2 one-story 217t.r. Frame house with bathhouse KD-65 6.5x10 65(85) m2 1st floor pitched roof 474t.r. Frame bath KD-71 6x6 36(44) m2 with terrace 266t.r. Frame bath KD-73 6x6 72m2 with a warm attic 358t.r. Frame bath KD-75 6(9)x8.7 52(78)m2 with terrace 380t.r.The price of the bath includes: insulation 100-200mm min. cotton wool and before. fine finishing.
Monolithic strip foundation (MZLF) h50cm x w40cm + 10-50 t.r.

Catalog of all projects with detailed description and prices

Home Library Jib beams in a frame house: necessity or myth?

necessity or myth?

There is an opinion that jibs are not needed in a frame house, and that they can be completely replaced exterior decoration. Unfortunately, this is not entirely true, and if for small buildings, such as a utility block, they can not be used, subject to finishing slab material, then they are mandatory for a residential building.

It is the jibs that are needed, and not the spacers between the racks, which illiterate builders are trying to replace them with, without taking into account the physics of processes and loads. Such spacers only eliminate the “spring” effect of the board. They are used when the height of the rack is more than 3 m with a section of 50 * 150, or when using boards of small thickness 40x150 mm, for a house of more than one floor. Spacers do not add spatial rigidity to the frame, only vertical rigidity.

For spatial rigidity, it is necessary to use jibs, and preferably solid or wooden ones, although standards allow for small buildings use flexible diagonal ties made of metal strips, plates and pins.

The ideal installation angle for the jib is 45 degrees, but it is not always possible to install them at this angle. Adjacent walls, windows and doorways reduce the installation angle to 60 degrees or more. This can be compensated for by a large number of installed jibs on one wall.

In our projects, on walls over 6 m long, we place 4 jibs at an angle of 50-60 degrees; on walls of greater length, there can be more jibs and at an angle closer to 45 degrees.

Jib beams in a frame house are a necessity!

Consequences of building a frame house without jib

The houses in the photos below were built to all strict American and Canadian codes. frame house construction, but even this was not a panacea, and did not save houses from destruction under heavy snow and wind loads. Please note that plywood was used instead of OSB, which has much greater spatial rigidity and can withstand greater loads without visible deformation. But this, unfortunately, did not save the houses from destruction.

The cause of the destruction turned out to be the lack of jibs both in the load-bearing walls and in the partitions, which were supposed to withstand lateral loads and displacement. This was affected by the lack of a banal calculation of loads, which any designer-engineer should have done first.

The selection of technology for each building is important; what is suitable for a frame toilet according to the standards, most likely will not be suitable for a frame house due to high wind and snow loads.

To the winds for evil

Small construction technology from Larry Hong

This manual provides a lot good description devices and methods for strengthening a frame house. Recently, a fairly large number of “builders” and private developers have begun to build frame houses, but, as practice shows, not all of them understand what is necessary for a frame house to last for decades, and not just until the builders They will move out after construction is completed. Well-known master, builder and professional in his field, Larry Khon, shared generally accepted construction standards, given in the description above and in the video below.

And another small selection of photos

These houses were built quite recently, one of them is not even a year old. The builders considered that jib and OSB was an unnecessary waste of money and time. What came of it can be seen below in the photographs. In the second house, apparently, there were only a few miters in the outer walls, but in the partitions there are new, temporary miters that prevent the house from tilting further and were apparently installed not by the builders, but by the customer. In our houses and projects, we try to use jibs both in walls and partitions. When building a house according to our project, you will spend no more than half a day in total on all the jibs, but they will help to avoid many problems. Some short-sighted or inexperienced builders will insist that jibs are not needed and that they will be replaced by a completely external finish made of laminated boards, but unfortunately, practice has shown that this is not the case. Only OSB, jibs and high-quality assembly will allow you to build a good and reliable house!

Correct jibs

Video duration 1:11 min.

Video on inserting a jib from Larry Khon, with a high brand of let-in brace.

• Step-by-step description of the construction of a frame house
• How to quickly and efficiently build a frame house? 10 rules of construction
• Videos on construction and technology
• Frame house construction technology

In this article we will consider the most important stabilizing elements of any frame structure made of wood. Let's decide why they are needed, what materials to use to create blocks and jibs. We will also pay attention to the installation methods of these parts.

Wooden frame in open spaces former Union is gradually gaining popularity. If in durable lungs wooden houses many of our citizens, due to a number of prejudices, cannot yet believe, then auxiliary and technical buildings(sheds, garages, animal premises, bathhouses, etc.) using frame technology, even skeptical people can build them with a bang. Which is understandable, because this method allows you to build quickly and reliably; suitable edged boards and beams are not difficult to find, and they are relatively inexpensive. The technology for constructing lumber frames is quite simple so that a professional can do everything with his own hands. True, she is also not without important little things(seemingly insignificant at first glance), which nevertheless need to be known and must be applied in practice.

Why use blocks and jibs

When a person sets up the skeleton of, for example, a Canadian frame house, what appears before his eyes is a rather material-intensive wooden frame, the main parts of which are made from a fairly massive edged board (usually 38-50 mm thick and 150-200 mm wide).

It is used for the manufacture of vertical posts, upper and lower trim, floor beams, roof rafters... The material here is used with a low percentage of humidity (about 18%), often generally dry and planed, in a word, reliable in all respects.

But there is one “but”. All the main parts of a frame house are located parallel and perpendicular to each other, forming squares and rectangles that are not too resistant to “folding” under lateral load. In addition, many frame elements are quite long and therefore the board is prone to deflection “along the face”. As a result, to counteract various forces (including winds or earthquakes), special elements must be introduced into the frame that can stabilize the structure. For this purpose, jibs and blocks are used.

A jib is a diagonal element wooden frame, which after installation forms triangles. And the triangle, as we all know, is the most stable and reliable figure; it is on its basis, for example, that various “trusses” with excellent load-bearing abilities are created.

It should immediately be noted that jib bars are used in two forms:

• As a part for temporary fixation of racks in the design position (especially important if the wall is assembled from single racks on site and does not have cladding). It is mounted on an overlay and will be removed before covering.
• Like a part built into the frame that will remain there forever. It is mounted using the insertion method.

Stationary jibs are still not always required to be installed. Its functions can be successfully performed by sheathing material, but only if it is reliable and is in large-sheet format - for example, OSB-3 boards or plywood with a thickness of 12 mm or more. Due to the significant area of ​​each sheet nailed to the frame and the large number of fasteners included in the racks and frames, the slab begins to work as a stabilizing lining, significantly increasing the diagonal strength of the walls. However, it is not always these materials that are used for cladding; in many cases, small-piece products are immediately sewn onto the racks - lining, block house, siding, or relatively thin sheets corrugated sheets An exception may be cladding made of lining, imitation timber, or planken - using the herringbone method (that is, diagonally). In some cases, OSB and thinner plywood can be used, or combined on the wall different materials. Then you can’t do without jibs, and even with good sheet metal cladding, jibs are often used by designers and installed by craftsmen.

So, the jib is stationary. In the vast majority of cases, it is made from edged coniferous boards, although in America there are also special metal profiles for these purposes, but they have a number of disadvantages and limitations. The cross section of this board is relatively small ( classic version- lumber 25X100, 25X120, 25X150), and there is a good reason for this. The fact is that the jib cuts into the frame, and therefore, theoretically, can weaken it. Therefore, there is a rule that the jib should not be thicker than a quarter of the thickness of the racks.

Another reason for choosing a relatively thin board lies in economic feasibility and energy efficiency. Coniferous boards 25 mm thick cope with the task perfectly here - this is shown by global operating experience and any calculations. There is simply no point in buying a board that is more expensive and heavier, which, by the way, will take the place of insulation inside the frame.

Sometimes diagonal cross members are made from scraps of racks (for example, with a cross-section of 40X150 mm), which are fastened inside the frame by surprise, but this takes a lot of time and effort, and does not allow the walls to be properly insulated (wood is still more thermally conductive than basalt wool).

Concerning required quantity jibs, then experts believe that at least two jibs should be installed on each wall along the edges in the area of ​​the outer corners. If the wall is very long, then similar elements can additionally be placed somewhere in the middle.

The jib should be positioned at an angle of 45 to 60 degrees relative to the racks, then it can properly play the role of a diagonal strut. So that the house is stabilized in both directions - jibs at different ends outer wall make them multidirectional. The jib always starts from the top of the outer corner and deviates towards the center of the wall below (that is, it forms something similar to the letter “L” with the corner post).

It is extremely important that the jib board not only cuts into the posts, but also into the lower and upper trim. Otherwise, the meaning in it is lost, because the main task The purpose of the jib is to prevent mutual displacement of the upper free strapping relative to the lower one, which is rigidly fixed to the foundation.

If for some reason it is not possible to make a jib from frame to frame at an angle of 45 to 60 degrees (let’s say the house has a huge panoramic glazing) - then it’s better to abandon this element altogether and rely on high-quality sheet cladding made of plywood or OSB.

Installation of stationary jibs is carried out using the insertion method, that is, our task is to ensure that the board becomes flush with the frame and does not interfere with the sheathing. To do this, samples of the appropriate depth and width are made on the racks and on the trim boards.

In principle, there is no limitation on which side of the wall the jibs should be placed on. Craftsmen like to place them outside from the point of view of ease of installation, but it is believed that installed on the inside they will have less influence on the heat transfer resistance of insulated walls.

The jibs are fastened using nails - two or three pieces are used for each stand, and 3 pieces for each connection with the harness. As a rule, the element is first just baited, and after installing all the frames on the floor, checking the diagonals... they are finished off.

Blocks

In frame technology, blocks are called built-in elements that are mounted between vertical posts and represent a kind of jumpers. Unlike the jib, the block is not located at an acute angle to the posts and is not tied to the strapping in any way - it is attached horizontally, at 90 degrees to the longitudinal direction of the posts. In addition, the block does not cut into the body of the racks, but is installed between them at random.

Note that blocks can be used not only in walls; the same parts are often placed between floor beams and joists, and even sometimes between rafters.

Blocks are used both when creating external walls and when assembling frame partitions. In both designs, these elements perform a similar set of functions:

• The racks are tied together, preventing them from moving relative to each other. That is, this is how we mechanically fix the selected placement step and prevent the board from torsion. The frame becomes stiffer and more stable.
• They act as a basis for fastening cladding materials. For example, there is a technology where OSB or plywood is sewn horizontally on the outside, which means that long side sheets hang in emptiness - and this is unacceptable. Therefore, blocks are installed in the areas where the slabs join. A similar situation can occur if the sheathing is attached vertically (plasterboard from the inside, for example), but its length is not enough to cover a high wall from floor to ceiling. You have to add facing material in height, and at the junction - again, place a block as a supporting platform.
• In some types of walls, the block becomes an element fire protection, since after treatment with fire retardants the board does not burn itself and does not allow fire to spread vertically through the voids.
• In some designs, the block acts as a reliable embedded element, which allows you to subsequently hang it on a hollow frame wall something massive: heating and Appliances, furniture, plumbing...

The design of the block is extremely simple. This - edged board, which in cross-section does not differ from the dimensions of the racks. Often the blocks are cut from discarded lumber (bent knots, cracks) purchased to create racks, or they are simply scraps from rack boards. They are marked and cut according to a template, since the length of the blocks must clearly correspond to the repeatable distance (clearance) between the posts. On site, the blocks are placed along the coated cord beating, and fastening is done with nails through the posts.