CJSC Teploeffekt, a subsidiary of OJSC Izhevsk Motor Plant Aksion-Holding, which manufactures energy-saving equipment for the needs of housing and communal services - plate heat exchangers, block individual heating points, shut-off valves(semi-collapsible flanged steel ball valves), magnetic mesh filters - took part in the energy saving program for public sector institutions of the Republic of Tatarstan. As a result of the installation of five TIZH heat exchangers, savings from the Tatarstan budget on energy consumption for the month amounted to 227 thousand rubles. When implemented in the Volgograd region in heating and hot water supply systems plate heat exchangers instead of shell-and-tube heat exchangers, the annual economic benefit from the implementation of one plate heat exchanger is 290 thousand rubles. by reducing fuel and thermal energy consumption in heating and hot water supply systems.
The introduction of new plate heat exchangers instead of shell-and-tube heat exchangers at heating points in the city of Izhevsk has produced a certain economic effect. This is due to increased reliability, reduced maintenance costs, simplified and cheaper pipelines and fittings within heating points. With the volume of implementation of 20 devices, the economic effect amounted to 4 million 176 thousand rubles. per year.
Block individual heating point (BITP) - in its composition it is intended to combine many products produced by ours and other enterprises of our Republic, incl. plate heat exchangers, shut-off valves, automatic control and dispatch systems, etc. BITP is a block of factory-ready heat distribution equipment for connecting the consumer to the heating network.
The main components of a heating point are heat exchangers for heating, hot water supply (DHW) and, if necessary, ventilation. Our company’s specialists have developed 12 options standard schemes new solutions for BITP devices for various loads. Since the heating point is a unit ready for connection and operation, it includes, in addition to heat exchangers, the following basic equipment:
- automatic electronic control system for heating and hot water circuits;
- circulation pumps for heating and hot water circuits;
- thermometers and pressure gauges;
- shut-off valves;
- heat metering unit;
- dirt filters.
Advantages of using individual heating points:
- The total length of heating network pipelines is halved.
- Investments in heating networks, as well as construction and thermal insulation materials decrease by 20-25%.
- Electricity consumption for pumping coolant is reduced by 20-40%.
- By automating the regulation of heat supply to a specific subscriber (task), up to 30% of heat for heating is saved.
- Heat loss during transport hot water are reduced by half.
- The accident rate of networks is significantly reduced, especially due to the exclusion of hot water supply pipelines from the heating network.
- Since automated heating points operate “on lock”, the need for qualified personnel is significantly reduced.
- Automatically supported comfortable conditions residence due to control of coolant parameters: temperature and pressure of network water, heating system water and tap water; air temperature in heated rooms (at control points) and outside air.
- A significant reduction in water and heat consumption is achieved through the use of metering devices.
- There is an opportunity to significantly reduce costs for in-house systems heating due to the transition to pipes of smaller diameter, the use of non-metallic materials, facade separated systems.
- In some cases, the allocation of land for the construction of central heating stations is excluded.
- Heat savings per 1 MW of installed total thermal power are provided up to 650-750 GJ/year, installation costs are reduced by 10-20% due to full factory execution. Thermal energy savings range from 15 to 35%.
- Electricity consumption is reduced four times compared to energy-intensive central heating equipment.
- With the use of BIHP, the quality of heat supply sharply improves, eliminating the need for regular expensive repairs of hot water supply networks. In this case, it is possible to submit thermal energy in children's and medical institutions depending on weather conditions at any time of the year.
Let's consider the economic efficiency of using BITP at one of the city's facilities.
An example of calculating the expected economic efficiency of modernizing a heating unit of an administrative building (with the replacement of shell-and-tube heat exchangers with plate heat exchangers)
Benefits of implementation:
- Reducing thermal energy losses by reducing the area and temperature of the outer surface of heat exchangers.
- Reducing thermal energy losses by increasing the heat transfer coefficient of heat exchangers, reducing the required temperature pressure and coolant consumption for heating water.
- Reducing energy consumption for pumping coolant due to optimal circulation of hot water, ensured by the use of efficient circulation pumps and program control of pumps and hot water temperature.
- Reducing thermal energy consumption in the heating system through the introduction of efficient automatic system façade-by-façade regulation of fuel consumption based on outside air temperature.
Initial data for calculation:
- number of sections - 9/10;
- section diameter - 0.114/0.159 m;
- section length (with roll) - 5.3 m;
- insulation thickness - 0.06 m.
- number of blocks - 1/2;
- length - 1.08/1.236 m;
- width - 0.466 m;
- height - 1.165 m;
Calculation
- Radiation surface area of the dismantled DHW heat exchanger: F1 = 3.14 × (0.114 + 2 × 0.06) × × 5.3 × 9 = 35.07 m2.
- Radiation surface area of dismantled heating heat exchangers: F2 = 3.14 × (0.159 + 2 × 0.06) × × 5.3 × 10 = 46.45 m2.
- Radiation surface area of the installed DHW heat exchanger: F3 = 2 × (1.08 × 0.466 + 1.08 × 1.165 + + 0.466 × 1.165) = 4.61 m2.
- Radiation surface area of installed heating heat exchangers: F4 =2 × 2 ×(1.236 × 0.466 + + 1.236 × 1.165 + 0.466 × 1.165) = = 20.47 m2.
- Heat loss through the surface of the dismantled DHW heat exchanger: Q1 = 35.07 × 10.5 × 0.86 × (45 - 18) × 24 × 350 × 10-6 = 71.81 Gcal.
- Heat loss through the surface of dismantled heating heat exchangers: Q2 = 46.45 × 10.5 × 0.86 × (55 - 18) × × 24 × 203 × 10-6 = 75.62 Gcal.
- Heat loss through the surface of the installed DHW heat exchanger: Q3 = 4.61 × 8.5 × 0.86 × (36 - 18) × 13 × 350 × 10-6 = 2.76 Gcal.
- Heat loss through the surface of installed heating heat exchangers: Q4 = 20.47 × 8.5 × 0.86 × (40 - 18) × 24 × 203 × 10-6 = 16.04 Gcal.
- Reducing thermal energy consumption due to night-time reduction in circulation: Q5 = 350 × 10-3 × (24 - 13) × × 3.8 = 175.56 Gcal.
- Reducing thermal energy consumption by reducing coolant consumption for heating hot water: Q6 = 2704 × 5.6/100 = 151.43 Gcal.
- Reducing thermal energy consumption by reducing hot water temperature at night: Q7 = 0.380/55 ×(55 - 40)× ×(203 ×(24 - 13)× 0.62 + + 147 ×(24 - 13)× 0 .76) = 270.4 Gcal.
- Saving thermal energy in DHW system: Q8 = 175.56 + 270.4 + + 151.43 = 666.45 Gcal.
- Saving thermal energy in the heating system: Q9 = 305.57 + 16.04 = 365.15 Gcal.
- Annual thermal energy savings due to all factors: Qtotal = 666.45 + 365.15 = 1031.60 Gcal.
- Energy savings through power reduction and program control circulation pumps QE = 1.1 × 24 × 350 + 5.5 × 24 × 203 - - 0.31 × 13 × 350 - 1.275 × 24 × 203 = 28414 kWh.
- Annual standard fuel savings: E = Qtotal × 0.176 + QE × 0.28 × 10-3 = 1031.6 × 0.176 + 28414 × 0.28 × 10-3 = 189.52 t.e.
- Total annual economic effect, thousand rubles: Eg = E × C = 189.5 × 3.353 = = 635.5 thousand rubles.
- Payback period of the innovation fund, no more: T = 987/635.5 = 1.55 years.
From the point of view of minimizing energy consumption in networks central heating, it is advisable to regulate consumption and heat metering at individual heating points, for each consumer separately. The use of ITP systems has a number of advantages compared to central heating systems. It allows you to take into account individual characteristics each consumer, which reduces heat energy consumption and creates the most comfortable conditions for the consumer.
A block heat station is a complex of equipment and a set of devices that ensure the supply of heat to buildings and structures, and also control the values of coolant parameters in an autonomous mode. BTPs have a compact size and are connected to a source of thermal energy - an external heating network or an autonomous boiler house.
Benefits of use
A block heating point is an alternative to a centralized boiler room, which is installed to supply hot water, as well as for heating industrial or residential buildings. With its help you can regulate, manage and control heat consumption.
The BTP has a unique design - all equipment is installed on one frame and has a “modular” design type. In the factory, the manufacturer selects, installs, and installs the necessary components for a specific customer. The finished kit is delivered to the installation site fully assembled and to operate it, you just need to connect the module to the pipelines of the heating network and supply electricity.
Advantages of using BTP:
- Item when working has a very low level noise.
- It is capable of automatically monitoring the operating parameters of all system components - adjusting the water temperature specified by the user, the level of load on the system, and protecting pumps from dry running.
- Reduced heating costs.
- Automatic limitation of the temperature of the water that returns to the heating network, thereby reducing losses during the transportation of hot water.
- Minimum energy costs.
- Easy to use.
- Block heating station - the price of its installation and maintenance is much lower than a standard heating station.
BTP components
BTP - ready for connection and operation modular system, which consists of the following components:
- Ventilation unit - to regulate the consumption of thermal energy depending on the weather and time of day.
- Thermal energy metering and regulation unit - to take into account the actual heat consumption and change it depending on needs.
- Heating unit - to ensure the required consumption of thermal energy.
- Hot water supply unit – maintains the standard water temperature in the range of 55-66 °C for thermal disinfection of the system.
- pipelines;
- shut-off and control valves;
- filters;
- automation devices;
- control panel;
- cables and control valves;
- heat exchangers;
- circular pumps;
- monometers and thermometers;
BTP is standalone installation which is equipped with everything necessary equipment in accordance with the requirements for heating points:
Operating principle of BTP
When the BTP is started, hot water from the central network or an autonomous boiler room flows under a certain pressure into the inlet pipeline with a steel valve. At the input, the tone passes through purification (filters) and control equipment, its pressure is controlled by a pressure regulator.
The water entering the block heating system circulates in the system due to pumping groups - their power and quantity are selected individually depending on the required performance of the heating unit. And then it goes back into the system, but through a different pipeline.
In order to ensure a long service life of equipment without repairs, water treatment systems are installed in modular heating units. They carry out complete water purification.
If the BTP receives not hot, but cold water, then it is heated using heat exchangers, which may have different type, power and design.
Types of FTP
BTP are manufactured for various schemes connecting the heating system (HC) and hot water supply (DHW) to the heating network (TN).
The connection diagram of the heating system to the heating network is:
- Dependent - using water-jet elevators or mixing pumps. That is, water is supplied to the consumer from common system without the possibility of heating.
- Independent connection scheme - the equipment is mounted using heat exchangers and the consumer can independently regulate the water temperature.
Depending on the number of heat consumers, BHPs are divided into:
- Individual (ITP) - serve one building or part of it.
- Central (central heating centers) - provide heat to several buildings.
BTP provide consumers with a stable supply of heat at minimum costs for electricity. Individual heating point - the price of this set of devices depends on the thermal power of the system, the area of the heated room, as well as the features of the connection to the central heating network.
- Commercial metering of consumed thermal energy
- Monitoring the parameters of heat consumption modes and their automated regulation (flow rate, pressure level, temperature, etc.)
- Automatically maintains hot water temperature levels based on requirements sanitary standards
- Automatic maintenance of water temperature in the heating system depending on the outside temperature, time of day, work schedule, etc.
- Automated output of information to the dispatch center
- Possibility of remote monitoring and control via modem
- Alarm in case of emergency and emergency situations
- Efficiency analysis and optimization of heat supply modes
- Possibility to select automatic and manual mode BITP management
Advantages of ITP Etra:
- High factory production quality;
- Complete set technical documentation: passport ( brief description schemes, estimated heat and coolant costs for each system, types of coolants and their parameters, etc.); instruction manual, assembly drawing, documentation for component equipment;
- Use of our own library of standard solutions (standard diagrams) taking into account the Customer’s individual requirements: guarantee that the BITP will be suitable both in terms of overall characteristics and parameters of the heating network;
- Short design and manufacturing time (from 4 weeks);
- 100% output control;
- Autonomous operation of ITP, personnel participation is necessary only for periodic inspection or maintenance;
- Many years of experience of employees in the development, production and maintenance of thermal equipment;
- Use of reliable equipment from world famous manufacturers (Wilo, Tour&Andersson, Genebre, Rosma, etc.);
- Own production of collapsible plate heat exchangers, which allows us to always provide the Customer with a competitive price;
- Own customer service: full range of works;
- Reducing labor intensity and timing installation work: to install the ITP, you only need to connect it to the pipeline and apply voltage to the control cabinet;
- Block-modular design and compactness: possibility of installation in hard-to-reach basements;
- Availability of all necessary permits.
Benefits for heating networks:
- Reduction of capital investments in heating networks is up to 20-25%;
- Reducing energy consumption for pumping coolant by 20-40%;
- Reducing the maximum thermal load by 8-10%;
- Reducing network water consumption by 20-30%.
The production of individual ETRA heating units is carried out on the basis of design documentation, developed standard diagrams and taking into account the individual needs and conditions of the Customer.
For questions regarding the calculation, design and purchase of individual heating points (IHP) of ETRA, you can contact the engineering department of the ETRA company at Nizhny Novgorod or contact one of the company's branches.
Standard solutions
| Heating-ventilation module with dependent connection with mixing pump | Heating-ventilation module with independent connection with 1 heat exchanger (without reserve) | Heating-ventilation module with independent connection with 2 heat exchangers (with reserve) |
| Single-stage DHW module with 1 heat exchanger (without reserve) | Single-stage DHW module with 2 heat exchangers (with reserve) | Two-stage DHW module with 1 heat exchanger (monoblock) |
| Two-stage DHW module with 2 heat exchangers | Input and accounting unit | Distribution manifold (comb) |
| Control cabinet for heating and hot water circuits | ||
Please note that in addition to standard modules and assemblies, information about which is presented below, we are always ready to take into account the individual wishes of customers and develop a non-standard solution, both during design and construction, and during packaging and manufacturing.
When selecting standard modules, the following values of the main parameters are accepted by default:
| Available inlet pressure | 15-20 m.w.s. |
| DHW circulation flow from the maximum DHW flow | 40% |
| Design pressure of the Heating Network | 16 kgf/cm 2 |
| Design pressure for independent connection CO, SV | 6-10 kgf/cm 2 |
| Design pressure for dependent connection CO, SV | 10 kgf/cm 2 |
| Pumps CO, SV, DHW reserve, with CR | reserve, with CR |
| Design temperature of the heating network | 150°C (cut 130°C) |
| Heating system temperature graph | 95/70 |
| Temperature graph of the heating network for calculating DHW | 70/30 |
List of typical modules/assemblies:
| Heating/ventilation | Dependent connection of the CO to the vehicle | With mixing pump | view module |
| Independent connection of CO to TS | With 1 maintenance (without reserve) | view module | |
| With 2 maintenance (with reserve) | view module | ||
| DHW | 1st stage | With 1 maintenance (without reserve) | view module |
|
With 2 maintenance (with reserve) |
view module | ||
| 2 steps | Maintenance monoblock | view module | |
| 2 TO | view module | ||
| Input and accounting unit | view module | ||
| Distribution comb (manifold) | view module | ||
| Automation cabinet | view module | ||
Depending on the load, heating/ventilation and domestic hot water modules have different internal circuit diameters, from 32 to 150.
In the diagram of heating modules with heat exchangers, by default there is expansion tank, which compensates for the thermal expansion of the coolant and maintains optimal pressure in the system.
Structurally, each module is a completely finished piece of equipment, installed on its own frame, and the modules themselves are assembled together into an automated block heating unit according to the principle of a designer.
Attention!
All technical information provided is for reference only. ETRA reserves the right, as necessary, to make changes and improvements both in the diagrams and in the specifications and in the design while maintaining general principle. Dimensions modules are presented for reference, taking into account the heat exchanger on the first frame. If it is necessary to use a higher power heat exchanger on longer frames, the module dimensions will be increased. For more detailed and accurate information, please contact ETRA!
Advantages of the ETRA heating substation
5 reasons to order a ready-made ETRA heating unit in a factory version:
Many years of experience of our company’s managers and specialists, as well as an extensive and practice-tested library standard solutions– all this is a guarantee of a high-quality and competent approach, be it a small standard module or a powerful heating unit designed for individual requirements in a special version.
1. Thoughtful technical solution
Our engineers select a solution that perfectly combines cost-effectiveness and efficiency, following simple rule“necessary and sufficient” - both in terms of dimensions, and in terms of layout and configuration. The most difficult design stages are calculations, selection of equipment, calculation of heat exchangers, selection of pumps, etc. – we take it upon ourselves. And you don't have to worry about all the design and regulatory requirements care was taken to ensure that the design fits into the existing premises, that access to all equipment was provided, and other nuances.Thus, the use of ETRA heat substations during design is a colossal time saving for the designer. Firstly, the presence of an extensive database of ready-made standard solutions allows us to respond and provide all documentation within literally a matter of hours. But even if the technical solution needs to be modified to meet the specific requirements of the project, the initial calculation and proposal will be made within 48 hours, and together with commercial offer Diagrams, specifications, calculations of heat exchangers, and pump selection sheets will be provided.
2. Factory quality
ETRA heating units are manufactured at our own production site in Nizhny Novgorod.The production complex is equipped with all the necessary production, processing, testing equipment and gas and machining equipment. The main production areas include cutting, metalworking, shot blasting and blade processing areas, spray booths, assembly and hydraulic testing areas, welding stations. Equipment, specialists and technologies have NAKS certification certificates.
A mandatory stage in the production of any BTP is hydraulic testing.
Factory assembly and crimping is a guarantee for our customer high quality manufacturing of heat station.
3. Convenient equipment
The customer does not need to waste time and effort purchasing all necessary materials and components - as a rule, this is at least 30 items in the specification. All this needs to be found, ordered, paid, received, quality checked, collected necessary documents, etc.The delivery set includes all the necessary documentation - passports, certificates, operating manuals and maintenance, diagrams, specifications, etc. A complete set of technical and shipping documentation saves your time.
The heat station itself can be supplied either fully assembled in the form of a single factory structure, or in the form of separate blocks/modules. It all depends on the customer’s requirements, logistics features and the room in which the heating unit will be installed.
4. Loyal price
Long-standing partnerships with leading suppliers of materials, equipment and fittings allow us to obtain everything needed to complete a heating station at truly competitive prices.It is also very important that the ETRA company is also a manufacturer of heat exchangers, and heat exchangers can account for up to 40% of the cost of a heating unit.
Thus, our customers receive the most affordable product possible.
5 Quick installation
By purchasing a block heating unit produced by ETRA, the customer receives a factory-ready product, and up to 90% of the most complex work(welding, automation, electrical connections, hydraulic tests) we have already done for you. Installation directly on site can be carried out quickly and easily by your contractors, or we can take on this stage ourselves.Equipment and instrumentation used as part of the Etra ITP
| Pos. | Equipment name | Project marking | Manufacturer |
| 1 | Single-pass heat exchanger for CO, DHW, or SW systems | ET series | LLC NPO "Etra" |
| 2 | Two-way monoblock heat exchanger for DHW system | ET series | LLC NPO "Etra" |
| 3 | Circulation pump, make-up, booster | Yonos, Star, TOP, Stratos, IL, MHIL, MVI | Wilo |
| MAGNA, CR, TP, UPS, | Grundfos | ||
| GHN, NMT, SAN, Smart | IMP PUMPS | ||
| EVOPLUS, CP, CM | DAB | ||
| 4 | Control valve | CV216/316GG | TAHydronics |
| CPSR-100 | CPSR-Group | ||
| 5 | Control valve electric drive | TA-MS | TAHydronics |
| ES05/06; S.B.A. | AUMA | ||
| ST | REGADA | ||
| 6 | Differential pressure regulator | DA516, DAF516 | TAHydronics |
| RA-M, RA-A, RA-V | CPSR-Group | ||
| 7 | Bypass regulator | PM512 | TAHydronics |
| 8 | Solenoid valve | EV220B H3 | Danfoss |
| 9 | Pressure switch (pressostat) | RD-2R | Rosma |
| 10 | Membrane expansion tank | WRV | Wester |
| Flexcon R | Flamco | ||
| Cal-PRO, Ultra-PRO | Zilmet | ||
| 11 | Electronic temperature controller | SMH2Gi | Segnetics |
| 12 | Outdoor temperature sensor | DTS 3005 | ARIES |
| 13 | Immersion resistance thermometer with sleeve | KTPTR, TMT, TPT | Thermico |
| 14 | Flow meter | ERSV | TAKEOFF |
| 15 | Heat meter | TSRV | TAKEOFF |
| SPT | Logics | ||
| 16 | Balancing valve | STAD, STAF | TAHydronics |
| 17 | Regulating ball valve | KSH.Ts.F.Regula | LD |
| 18 | Steel ball valve | KSh.Ts.F, KSh.Ts.P | LD |
| 19 | Ball valve (coupling) brass | art.3028, 3035, 3036, 3046 | Genebre |
| 20 | Butterfly valve | art.2103, 2109 | Genebre |
| 21 | Check valve, brass | art.3121 | Genebre |
| Check valve, cast iron | art.2401 | Genebre | |
| 22 | Mesh filter, brass | art.3302 | Genebre |
| Mesh filter, cast iron | 821A | Zetkama | |
| 23 | Pressure gauge showing | TM-510 | Rosma |
| 24 | Indicating thermometer with sleeve, bimetallic | BT-51.211 | Rosma |
| 25 | Spring safety valve | Prescor, checkpoint | Pregran |
| art.3190 | Genebre |
commercial accounting of thermal energy consumption (heat flows and coolant);
transformation of the type of coolant, transformation of its parameters;
automatic regulation and control temperature regime hot water in accordance with the requirements of sanitary standards;
accumulation and uniform distribution of heat across systems;
protection of heat consumption systems from emergency situations;
filling, recharging and shutting down systems;
water preparation for the hot water supply system.
The use of a block individual heating point allows for analysis and optimization of energy consumption, as well as minimizing operating and capital costs. The transition to modular ITP will help to effectively solve the issue of expedient and economical consumption of energy resources.
The equipment that is equipped with a block ITP is installed on a frame and tied with pipelines or in a block container, which is a structure made of metal frame and partitions made of sandwich panels. Each block module is equipped with lighting, heating and ventilation systems. It is possible to equip the installation with a dispatch point with automatic information output and fire and security alarm.
Schematic diagram of ITP
The most commonly used scheme for connecting a consumer to a heating network is an independent connection scheme for a heating circuit and an open hot water supply system.
The supply pipeline of the heating network supplies the coolant to the heat exchangers of heating and hot water supply systems, in which thermal energy is transferred from the coolant of the heating network to the coolant of the heating and hot water supply system. After this, the coolant enters the return pipeline, from where it is returned for reuse to the heat-generating enterprise (boiler house or thermal power plant) through the main networks.
The heating circuit is closed system. The circulation of coolant through the heating circuit is carried out by circulation pumps. During operation (functioning) of the system, a coolant leak may occur, which is compensated by the make-up line.
Tap water, having passed through the cold water supply pumps, is divided into 2 parts: one is sent to consumers, the other is supplied to the circulation circuit of the hot water supply system after heating in the first stage DHW heater. In this circuit, water moves in a circle, the specified level of its temperature is maintained in the heaters of the second stage of DHW.
Heating that already exists, new facilities, residential buildings etc. In addition to supplying heating, it is also possible to supply hot water and connect the facility to a utility such as sewerage.
General description of BTP
Modular (BTP) is a ready-to-use complete installation. It is important to know here that the arrangement of any devices for each item is carried out individually. The main characteristic that specialists rely on when assembling the unit is the size of the room in which the object will be installed.
The production itself block point is carried out through the use of basic diagrams, on the basis of which it is possible to connect this equipment to the normal engineering heating network of the building. Exists general program Danfoss calculations for heating points. It is worth noting that this is one of the fairly large manufacturers of block heating units.
Equipment
If we talk about the most common configuration of the BTP, which is considered standard, then it includes such elements as:
- Accounting and regulation unit. This unit is designed to keep track of the actual flow of coolant and heat. In addition, it regulates the flow of coolant in accordance with a given temperature schedule.
- Heating unit. This element is responsible for the consumption of thermal energy, taking into account weather conditions, time of day and other conditions.
- Node This device is designed to support optimal temperature water in the system (55-60 degrees Celsius) and its supply to the consumer. This node is also responsible for carrying out operations on heat treatment systems.
- Ventilation unit. This system is designed to regulate the consumption of thermal energy supplied to the consumer depending on weather conditions, as well as the time of day.
BTP device
A block heat point is an automated installation that is designed to transfer energy coming from a boiler house, thermal power plant, RTS to heating, as well as ventilation and hot water supply communications connected to residential or industrial buildings. In other words, it is a local intermediary between the station and the consumer.
If we talk about the room in which it is planned to install a block heating substation, then it must be sufficient in size to accommodate all the block equipment, as well as control and measuring instruments, necessary for the functioning of the system. All these devices are needed so that the TP can perform functions such as:
- coolant conversion;
- adjustment, control and change of thermal values;
- distribution of coolant among group or individual systems;
- plays the role of a fuse if the temperature rises above the maximum value;
- keeps records of consumed heat and coolant.
Variety of systems
According to their characteristics and reception of heat sources, TPs are divided into types. The first type refers to open system. In this case, the liquid enters the BTP directly from the coolant, and the entire volume of liquid that goes into operating the equipment is replenished due to the full or partial intake of water.
According to your type of connection to the system open views FTP can be divided into two groups:
- Dependent circuit. In such a system, the coolant is supplied directly to the heating system. The advantages of the scheme include its simplicity, as well as the fact that no supply is required additional equipment. However, without it there is no possibility of adjusting the heat supply at this unit.
- Independent scheme. In such a system, between the consumer and the thermal station itself there are devices such as heat exchangers. With their help, it is possible to regulate the supply of the heat source, which helps save up to 40% of energy.
What are the benefits of installing a BTP?
Installing an automated block heat substation can provide the system with several of the following advantages:
- Increases network efficiency. The ability to regulate heat consumption on site increases the overall thermal energy savings by approximately 15%.
- Automation of the control process. The equipment has thermal relays, which make it possible to configure the equipment in such a way as to compensate for weather conditions, as well as change the operating mode in accordance with the time of day.
- Reduced material costs. Since the installation is an automated system, fewer personnel are required to monitor its operation, monitor the condition of thermal elements, carry out preventive maintenance or repairs, etc. In total, all this can reduce material costs by approximately three times.
- Even with high performance(up to 2 Gcal/hour), this equipment is compact. The approximate area that will have to be allocated for the BTP is 20-25 m2.
Manufacturer Danfoss
Purchasing block transformer transformers from such large manufacturers has its advantages. For example, one of the main differences from other manufacturers is that the equipment is delivered to the installation site in an already finished form. That is, there is no need to assemble the unit, which significantly increases the speed of installation and connection. Among these advantages, we can also highlight the fact that Danfoss installations can be operated in fully automatic mode.
In order for the equipment to work in this mode, you just need to set the required temperature and pressure values. Regulating and monitoring devices will further support the specified operating mode. It is also worth adding that there is the possibility of individual configuration according to the buyer’s order. You can add an accounting system, a system remote control devices, etc.
Heating points SP 41-101-95
This paper is the document on which the design of the heating point is carried out. All the rules that are prescribed in this paper apply to such TP, the characteristics of which fall within the specified ones: hot water pressure up to 2.5 MPa, liquid temperature up to 200 degrees Celsius. If the installation operates with steam, then its conditional operating pressure should be up to 6.3 MPa, and the temperature should not exceed 440 degrees Celsius.
According to this joint venture, heating points are divided into two main categories - individual or central. Individual TPs are intended to join the heating, water supply and ventilation system of one building or part of it. Central TP are intended for the same thing as ITP, but with the only difference that they are used for several buildings at once.
