1. Trimming garden trees
2. Whitewashing trees
3. Top dressing
4. Watering trees

Pruning garden trees

When all the foliage has fallen and before the first frost, garden trees are pruned. First, all dry, diseased and damaged branches are removed, then those that create thickening grow inside the crown and interfere with harvesting.

If trees have not been pruned for many years, pruning is carried out in several stages. Too much pruning can lead to the death of the tree.

Annual seedlings are not pruned. Trees begin to be pruned 2-3 years after planting to form a crown.

Be sure to remove fattening, non-fruiting shoots from large leaves, which interfere with tree growth and take away nutrients.

After pruning, all branches are treated with garden varnish, which must be applied after each shoot removal. Garden varnish is prepared from 200 g beeswax, 100 g rosin and 100 g unsalted fat. The mixture is heated before use.

If there is no varnish, it can be replaced with plasticine or paint.

Whitewashing trees

Whitewashing trees in the fall not only helps fight pests, protects against diseases and sunlight, and also protects the tree from severe frosts and temperature changes.

It is better to whiten young trees with chalk and cover not only the trunk, but also the skeletal branches.

Before whitewashing, trees are cleared of moss and lichens and old bark is removed by hand. The thickness of the whitewash should be at least 2-3 mm. You can buy a whitewash solution in a store or prepare it yourself. The solution consists of 10 liters of water, 2 kg of lime and 200 g of copper sulfate. You can add 1 kg of clay and straw for thickness. The result is a clay mash that will last a long time on the tree.

Protection from pests and rodents

Fallen leaves and fruits must be removed from the garden. Trees are cleared of old bark, which may contain nests and larvae of pests. Deep digging of the soil is done around the trees.

All trees are sprayed with a 5% urea solution and insecticides against aphids, silkworms and leaf rollers.

To prevent diseases, spraying with preparations that contain copper will help.

To protect against rodents, use protective nets, roofing felt, spruce or pine branches. It is necessary to place rags or burlap under the roofing felt to avoid overheating of the wood. Such wrapping will help the trees survive winter frosts.

Top dressing

Fertilizing in the fall strengthens the trees and helps them survive frosts. Fertilizers are applied in October and the soil is dug deep.

Fruit trees in the fall need potassium-phosphorus fertilizers. It is necessary to add 300 g of superphosphate and potassium sulfate to each tree. It is better to apply these fertilizers in liquid form, so absorption by the roots occurs faster.

It is also necessary to add humus, young trees need about 30 kg, adults – 50 kg.

Use of complex mineral fertilizers makes tree care easier. Certain types of such fertilizers are specifically designed for autumn feeding and contain required quantity vitamins and microelements.

Watering trees

It is necessary to water trees in the fall only if there was little rainfall in the summer. Excess moisture can lead to excessive branch growth, cracked bark and reduced frost resistance.

In other cases, the last watering is carried out no later than October and is at least 4 buckets per 1 sq.m.

After watering, digging and loosening are carried out.

Every true owner knows that a garden in the fall needs a lot of attention and care. The work done during these months is intended to cultivate the soil, enrich the land with necessary substances and ensure plant protection during the winter.

Formation of landscape design

Autumn garden care includes planting young fruit trees. Since the soil has not yet cooled down after the warm summer time, the roots of young seedlings quickly take root in a new place. Moreover, in the fall, plants do not allocate excess energy to the growth of leaves and the formation of fruits. Therefore, they direct all their strength to the roots. What to plant in the garden in the fall? It's up to you to decide. There is practically no such thing perennial plant, which would not be accepted at this time. Even though autumn is considered the rainy season, it is recommended not to neglect watering recently as the wind can dry it out too quickly. top layer land.

The best fertilizer

Of course, the garden takes a lot of time and you can prepare the fertilizer yourself. Many people believe that main task Work in the garden in autumn is cleaning up fallen leaves. Summer residents usually rake them into heaps and burn them. This is the most big mistake. Why burn or throw away life-giving substances, and then buy fertilizers separately, if you can make them yourself? We suggest that you act rationally and not spend extra money to fertilize your garden in the fall. Wait until all the leaves have fallen, then run a lawn mower over them to chop them up thoroughly. Further around each tree carefully, without damaging root system, make small holes. Experts recommend raking crushed leaves into them. All this will begin to decompose quickly. Our small leaves will make an excellent organic soil amendment. This way you will also mulch and insulate the tree roots for the winter. This is a triple benefit for your garden!

Getting ready for winter

Usually no work is done in the garden in summer. During this period, a considerable number of pests accumulate here. Caring for a garden in the fall also involves treating the trunks and when would be the best time to do this? Immediately after harvesting, it is recommended to treat fruit trees with urea. In this regard, a solution is prepared. We will need 500 grams of urea per 10 liters of water.

In cases where the trees are attacked by scab or a larger amount of the crop has suffered from rot, the diseased plant must be treated with copper sulfate. It's easy to prepare the product. Its solution consists of 100 grams of vitriol and 10 liters of water. And fruits that have suffered from rot must be removed from the territory garden plot. Trees must be carefully dug up. To do this, it is better to use a pitchfork to avoid damaging the roots. After this, you can apply fertilizer and water the tree. It is not recommended to level the soil after digging. There is an explanation for this. An uneven surface absorbs moisture better after rain and melted snow. They will subsequently perfectly level the soil. These are the tasks that summer residents have to perform when preparing their plot for winter. Now you know what to do in the garden in the fall.

Tree pruning

Pruning fruit trees Usually done twice a year. This must be done in spring and autumn periods. Let's consider the procedure for preparing plants for winter. Pruning the garden in the fall takes place after all the foliage has fallen, but before the onset of frost. Experts are of the opinion that this process increases the possible yield by next year. But you can't overdo it. It is better to adhere to certain rules so as not to harm the trees. One of the purposes of pruning is to thin out branches to improve air flow and sunlight penetration throughout the tree's canopy. And in young seedlings this procedure is performed to form the correct crown. As for mature trees, thinning them consists of cutting out branches that grow towards the trunk or downwards. They are not needed. Branches that intersect with others are also removed. This way the crown is formed correctly. The branches should be evenly distributed in all directions. This way the plant will receive enough light.

An important factor is the shortening of branches, which is done to control their growth and set the direction in the right direction. The simplest purpose of pruning is to remove dry or diseased shoots. They need to be removed from the garden and burned. This is done so that the disease does not spread to other trees. Pruning dry branches does not cause any damage to plants. This procedure does not require additional manipulations. But diseased branches are essentially alive. The places where they are cut are like open wounds for the tree. They need to be processed. For this it is best to use drying oil or oil paint. It also doesn’t hurt to water the trees well and add fertilizer to the soil after pruning.

Secrets of forming crowns of fruit trees

Garden care in the fall involves pruning trees, as we have already mentioned. But it must be carried out not chaotically, but based on established norms. Young trees should not be heavily pruned. This will slow down their growth and delay the time they bear fruit. To form a strong skeleton of a tree, only one main branch, the top, must be left, and all competitors must be removed. If the annual growth of the plant is too weak, then more severe pruning is necessary. There are times when it is better to remove one large branch than to constantly remove many small ones. If the cut diameter is greater than 1 centimeter, then it must be treated with garden varnish, drying oil or oil paint.

Trees should be pruned after the leaves fall and before frost sets in. There should not be branches that move away from the axis at sharp angles; they must be removed. Pruning each tree is an individual task. The intensity of the procedure depends on the type and variety of the plant. If the tree has been damaged by frost, trimming it should be postponed until spring. Then the affected area will definitely be visible. For older trees and bushes, heavy pruning can be used to rejuvenate the plant. All waste must be removed from the garden area and burned. All tools must be sharp so that during the procedure they do not pull the bark off the plants.

Cleaning tree trunks

We are increasingly convinced that gardening in the fall and processing trees require a lot of time. Attention should also be paid to cleaning the trunks of fruit plants. This type of work is usually carried out every two to three years. Using a wire brush or scraper, you need to remove the dead layer of bark. But this is done very carefully so as not to damage living tissue. This process also aims to kill pests that often live in the layers of dry bark. After cleaning the trunk, it needs to be whitened. This is done in order to protect against temperature changes, wind and new pests.

Planting trees in autumn

Many people ask the question: “What to plant in the garden in the fall?” Essentially all fruit trees. You can replant whatever you want in the fall. The most popular plants are apple trees, pears, plums, cherries, and apricots. The main thing is to properly prepare the soil and seedlings. Also, autumn is a favorable period for replanting shrubs such as gooseberries, currants, honeysuckle, and raspberries. At the same time, do not forget to water them abundantly and fertilize them properly.

The meaning of autumn work

Caring for the garden in the fall is an integral part of the work of every summer resident. In this way he takes care of his plants, prevents their diseases, promotes better growth trees. The quality of autumn work is determined by future harvest. The condition of trees after winter will also depend on preparations for winter. Therefore, you should not neglect autumn garden work.

“Hello, dear editors of Smart Economy!

Thank you for such a useful newspaper for us, simple and hardworking people who love the earth and plants. I want to tell you about my garden and share my experience of digging up trees.

I have more than 10 fruit trees in my garden. I pay a lot of attention to them, because they, like any person, require care. But not just any kind, but a very thorough one.

I dig up trees every year with the arrival of spring.

The depth of turning the earth is about half the bayonet of a shovel, within a radius of about 50 cm around the tree.

Also bottom part I coat the tree trunk with clay. And only after that I start whitewashing.

I think that many people make the mistake of simply whitewashing a tree - by doing so they harm the plant. The whole point is that the bark deteriorates at the bottom of the tree. It must be taken care of very much, which is achieved with the help of clay and whitewash.

In addition, I believe that trees in the spring need to be not only dug up, but also fertilized.

Last spring I buried it under leaf humus that I put in the hole in the fall. And the trees immediately thanked us: there were much more apples, and they were larger (almost 2 times more compared to previous years).”

Among the countless varieties and hybrids of sweet peppers, there are those, such as the Ramiro pepper, whose popularity is literally worldwide. And if most vegetables on supermarket shelves are nameless, and it is almost impossible to find out about their variety, then the name of this pepper “Ramiro” will certainly be on the packaging. And, as my experience has shown, this pepper is worth letting other gardeners know about it. In connection with which this article was written.

Autumn is the most mushroom time. It is no longer hot, and heavy dew falls in the mornings. Since the earth is still warm, and foliage has already attacked from above, creating a completely special microclimate in the ground layer, the mushrooms are very comfortable. Mushroom pickers are also comfortable at this time, especially in the mornings when it is cooler. It's time for both to meet. And, if you haven’t introduced yourself to each other, get to know each other. In this article I will introduce you to exotic, little-known and not always edible mushrooms, similar to corals.

If you are a busy person, but at the same time not devoid of romance, if you have your own plot and are endowed with aesthetic taste, then explore the opportunity to purchase this wonderful ornamental shrub– karyopteris, or Nutwing. He is also “wing-hazel”, “blue fog” and “blue beard”. It truly fully combines unpretentiousness and beauty. Karyopteris reaches its peak of decorativeness in late summer and autumn. It is at this time that it blooms.

Pepper ajvar - vegetable caviar or thick vegetable sauce from bell pepper with eggplants. The peppers for this recipe are baked for quite a long time, then they are also stewed. Add to ajvar onions, tomatoes, eggplants. To store eggs for the winter, they are sterilized. This Balkan recipe is not for those who like to make preparations quickly, undercooked and underbaked - not about ajvar. In general, we approach the matter in detail. For the sauce, we choose the ripest and meatiest vegetables on the market.

Despite simple names(“sticky” or “indoor maple”) and the status of a modern substitute indoor hibiscus, abutilons are far from the simplest plants. They grow well, bloom profusely and delight with a healthy look of greenery only in optimal conditions. On thin leaves Any deviations from comfortable lighting or temperatures and disturbances in care quickly become apparent. To reveal the beauty of abutilons in rooms, it is worth finding the ideal place for them.

Zucchini fritters with Parmesan and mushrooms - a delicious recipe with photos of available products. Ordinary zucchini pancakes can be easily turned into a fun dish by adding a few savory ingredients to the dough. During squash season, treat your family to vegetable pancakes with forest mushrooms, it is not only very tasty, but also satisfying. Zucchini - versatile vegetable, it is suitable for stuffing, for preparations, for main courses, and even for sweets delicious recipes- compotes and jam are made from zucchini.

The idea of ​​growing vegetables on the grass, under the grass and in the grass is scary at first, until you become imbued with the naturalness of the process: in nature, this is exactly how everything happens. With the obligatory participation of all soil living creatures: from bacteria and fungi to moles and toads. Each of them contributes. Traditional tillage with digging, loosening, fertilizing, and fighting all those we consider pests destroys the biocenoses that have been created over centuries. In addition, it requires a lot of labor and resources.

What to do instead of a lawn? So that all this beauty does not turn yellow, does not get sick and at the same time looks like a lawn... I hope that the smart and quick-witted reader is already smiling. After all, the answer suggests itself - if you do nothing, nothing will happen. Of course, there are several solutions that can be used, and with their help, you can reduce the area of ​​​​the lawn, and therefore reduce the labor intensity of caring for it. I suggest you consider alternative options and discuss their pros and cons.

Tomato sauce with onions and sweet peppers - thick, aromatic, with pieces of vegetables. The sauce cooks quickly and is thick because this recipe contains pectin. Make such preparations at the end of summer or autumn, when the vegetables have ripened in the sun in the garden beds. Bright, red tomatoes will produce just as bright homemade ketchup. This sauce is a ready-made dressing for spaghetti, and you can also simply spread it on bread - very tasty. For better preservation, you can add a little vinegar.

This year I often observed a picture: among the luxurious green crown of trees and shrubs, here and there, like candles, the bleached tops of shoots “burn.” This is chlorosis. Most of us know about chlorosis from school biology lessons. I remember that this is a lack of iron... But chlorosis is an ambiguous concept. And lightening of foliage does not always mean a lack of iron. What is chlorosis, what our plants lack during chlorosis and how to help them, we will tell you in the article.

Korean vegetables for the winter - delicious korean salad with tomatoes and cucumbers. The salad is sweet and sour, spicy and slightly spicy, because it is prepared with seasoning for... Korean carrots. Be sure to prepare a few jars for the winter; in cold winter, this healthy and aromatic snack will come in handy. You can use overripe cucumbers for the recipe; it is better to prepare vegetables late summer or early autumn, when they are ripe in open ground under the sun.

Autumn for me means dahlias. Mine begin to bloom as early as June, and all summer the neighbors peek at me over the fence, reminding them that I promised them a few tubers or seeds by the fall. In September, a tart note appears in the aroma of these flowers, hinting at the approaching cold. This means it’s time to start preparing the plants for a long harvest. cold winter. In this article I will share my secrets of autumn care for perennial dahlias and preparing them for winter storage.

To date, through the efforts of breeders, according to various sources, from seven to ten thousand (!) varieties of cultivated apple trees have been bred. But despite their enormous diversity, in private gardens, as a rule, only a couple of popular and beloved varieties grow. Apple trees are large trees with a spreading crown, and you cannot grow many of them in one area. What if you try to grow columnar varieties of this crop? In this article I will tell you exactly about these varieties of apple trees.

Pinjur - Balkan-style eggplant caviar with sweet peppers, onions and tomatoes. Distinctive feature dishes - eggplants and peppers are first baked, then peeled and simmered for a long time in a roasting pan or in a thick-bottomed pan, adding the rest of the vegetables specified in the recipe. The caviar turns out to be very thick, with a bright, rich taste. In my opinion, this cooking method is the best known. Although it is more troublesome, the result compensates for the labor costs.

With the onset of warm days, gardeners begin to spring work. After all, not only trees wake up from the sun’s rays, but also pests that have overwintered on them. To preserve the plantings and prepare the garden for the fruiting season, a number of measures should be carried out, including cleaning the trees and directly treating them with special preparations.

Preparing trees for spraying

First of all, all trees must be carefully inspected and branches that have dried out or frozen out must be cut out. At the same time, you can form or adjust the crowns. You can start working around mid-March.

Fallen leaves in the fall that have not rotted over the winter should be raked and burned along with the cut branches, since they may contain pest larvae.

In early spring, the air temperature is not yet stable - the sun is hot during the day, and frosts are possible at night. To protect the bark of trees from burns, the trunks should be whitened with the addition of PVA glue.

Before whitewashing, the trunk must be cleared of dead bark and lichens.

Last preparatory stage there will be digging around the trunk circles. It is advisable to do this a couple of days before spraying the trees.

As for when to treat garden trees in the spring, you can start the first spraying as soon as the air temperature warms up to 5 degrees Celsius.

Stages of spring tree processing

Treatment of garden trees must be done 4 times during the spring season:

1. Before the buds open. Spraying of plantings in order to destroy the remaining larvae that have awakened, as well as pathogens of diseases such as scab, cytosporosis, moniliosis, coccomycosis, etc. Preparations: iron and copper sulfate, urea, Fundazol.
2. Before flowering (along the green cone). It is carried out to destroy the codling moth and to prevent scab and spotting. Preparations: a mixture of vitriol and slaked lime, a solution of diesel fuel, Keltan, Fury, Kinmiks.
3. During flowering. Repeated treatment of trees against clasteosporiasis, moniliosis and coccomycosis. Spraying to combat ticks and weevils. Preparations: copper sulfate, Bordeaux mixture, anabasine, DDT, karbofos.
4. After flowering. Treatment against fungal diseases. Destruction of pests. Drugs: Fury, Skvor, Fundazol, Marshall, Barrier.

The break between each subsequent spraying should be at least two weeks.

Types of spring spraying depending on time - video