Conventional hip roofs, forming an attic or attic, to a certain extent limit spatial possibilities country house. Initially they tried to solve this problem using attic floors, and over time, waterproofing technologies made it possible for houses with flat roof and most developers now have a catalog of projects for such structures. Of course, they are somewhat unusual for our traditions, but interesting from an architectural and practical point vision.

Carefully thought out flat roof design Source domnomore.com

Advantages and disadvantages of a flat roof

It is clear that a well-equipped flat area at the top of the building can be used as a recreation area, a gym, or an original living room - its purpose depends entirely on the imagination and interests of the owners. But first of all, the roof of the house is the guarantor of the reliability, waterproofness and durability of the entire building. Therefore, a roof without slopes, like everything new, raises many questions, the main one among them: what is good about such a design and what may be wrong with it.

Arguments for horizontal roofing

• The flat roof attracts with its simplicity and time of installation. The roofing layers are laid on concrete slabs supported on Wall panels. There is no need to create a sheathing, use timber, boards, or other lumber; the surface is installed in one plane, without scaffolding and insurance. This saves time, finances, and resources.
• Design horizontal plane reliable, durable, does not require annual maintenance. Subject to technology and consistency construction work, proper arrangement drainage of melt and rainwater, a long service life is guaranteed.
• High thermal insulation capacity of all roofing options.

A well-made roof allows you to even build a lawn on it. Source proroofer.ru

• Saving materials, working time, and money costs by reducing area.
• Ease of installation and service various equipment (air conditioners, ventilation, antennas, solar panels);
• Attractive design facade of a house with a flat roof, clarity and completeness of lines.
• The ability to use the additionally created area at your own discretion - recreation, sports, hobbies, entertainment.

In general, the design of a house with a flat roof fits well into surrounding nature, and a practical attitude to the additional space created on the roof improves the quality of living and leisure activities.

Cons of a flat roof

The main and significant disadvantage of the horizontal design is the danger of leakage. The snow that has accumulated over the winter melts and seeps through the smallest cracks, gradually expanding them, moistening the walls of the house. This is a common occurrence with roofs that are installed incorrectly. This drawback will not appear if all the work was carried out using technology, but whether this will be possible will not be known immediately.

The second most important disadvantage of a flat roof is the guaranteed accumulation of snow on it, which will have to be cleaned manually if you plan to go “out into the open sky” in winter.

Video description

What you should think about before creating a flat roof - in the video:

As a result, you can only trust the construction of a house with a flat roof to a developer who provides a guarantee for the work performed, plus, you must be prepared for snow removal work.

Main types of flat roofs

The unusual configuration of a flat roof is not only functional and beautiful, but also diverse. Without going into details, initially they are divided into two large groups- exploited and unexploited. Each of them, in turn, is structurally performed using traditional (classical) or inversion technologies.

Separation by method of use

Exploited. They are used by the owners of the house as additional space in the house. To do this, it is important that the surface is strong, even and smooth. A slight slope of up to 5°, necessary for water drainage, does not interfere with free movement and is practically not felt. In most cases, a house with a serviceable roof is preferable due to its additional features.

Part of a flat roof can be transparent Source domsireni.ru

Unexploited. Structurally simpler, since there is no need for a rigid base for waterproofing and rigid insulation. To maintain the roof, ladders and walkways are placed on it so as not to create an uneven load. This type of flat roof is cheaper to build, but because of this settlement period operation is less than that of a more complex exploited flat roof.

Design differences

Any flat roof is a kind of “pie” in which hydro-, thermal- and vapor barriers alternate. In some versions, layers are also added to increase the overall strength of the coating.

Classic (traditional) flat roofing is also known as “soft”. Its peculiarity is the location of the waterproofing layer, which is placed outside. The softness of this coating is due to the bitumen-containing component of the waterproofing.

The disadvantage of this solution is that the top layer is constantly exposed to the sun's UV rays and temperature changes.

Their influence is especially destructive with the onset of frost, when at night the temperature may already be below zero, but during the day the air still warms up well. As a result, waterproofing deteriorates over time and moisture from rain and melting snow gets onto concrete base and through the cracks in the joints of the slabs into the building.

Pie classic flat roof Source pronovostroy.ru

The roof is inverted or lightweight, designed taking into account the sad experience of using the classic one. It has a significantly longer service life due to the inversion (turning over) of the arrangement of the “pie” layers, which eliminates rapid failure waterproofing coating. Here, the concrete base is initially waterproofed, then there is a layer of durable hydrophobic (not wetted by water) insulation, on which there is already a “working” coating on which you can walk. Gravel, crushed stone or paving stones are often used as the latter. The quality of the inversion roof insulation allows you to even install a grass lawn on it or lay paving slabs.

Pie inversion roof Source dom-steny.ru

The beginning of everything is a project

Having decided to build a house with a flat roof, first of all you need to decide on the purpose of the roof - whether you need it to be used or not. There will be a serious difference in cost between them, because the first option provides for a reinforced foundation and load-bearing walls taking into account weight reinforced concrete floors(especially for a two-story house).

The main purpose of drawing up a project is precisely to plan all the loads that the building will experience in order to determine the amount of materials that will be used for its construction. In addition, design helps to draw up a clear and understandable plan for the proposed work. Specialized programs are used to draw up the project, so it is strongly not recommended to take on this work yourself without having the necessary skills.

Moreover, you should not rely on your own strength if you want to get a house with a complex shape. Source kakpotolok.ru

The main design stages are as follows:

• Drawing up a general sketch of the building. When the developer knows the linear parameters of the object being built and what materials it is planned to be built from, designers can already calculate the weight of the building, and therefore calculate the load on the foundation. In addition, the known shape of the building makes it possible to calculate wind and snow loads, which are added to the weight of the house.
• Calculation of load-bearing structures. Here the number of beams to create the sheathing, their cross-section and length are calculated.
• Creation of a plan diagram. On it, except for the main walls, everything is drawn additional elements future design and their location is indicated.

Video description

Review of the project of a house with a flat roof from the architect on video:

Houses with a flat roof can be designed in almost any style, but the most functional and appropriate design is the high-tech style. This could be a small cubic house designed for a married couple or a large modern cottage with terraces on the ground and on the roof.

In addition to the adapted architectural and construction project, it is advisable to order a working plan, taking into account the characteristics of the house, in relation to the construction volumes. Thus, it is determined total cost future home.

The roof plan indicates the slopes and location of additional elements Source homycomfort.ru

What the plan should consider

Despite its apparent simplicity, a flat roof consists of a fairly large number various elements and each of them has certain nuances regarding selection and installation.

• Junction nodes. These are all the intersections of horizontal and vertical planes - outer sides, chimney walls, ventilation outlets, etc. The design of the junction units must ensure complete tightness of the connection, therefore it is carried out strictly according to the technology prescribed for the materials used.

Sealing of junction points Source build-sami.ru

• Cornice. It is needed to protect the walls and blind areas of the building from water leakage from the roof, and simply gives the building an architecturally finished look. Depending on the climatic characteristics of the region, the width of the cornice can be 0.5-1 meter.

The eaves extend to the required distance Source krysha-expert.ru

• Drainage funnels. They are installed to remove water that collects from the entire surface of the roof in its lowest areas. The approximate number of funnels is one for every 0.75 m² of roof surface area.

Funnels for collecting water Source productstroy.ru

• Aerators and weather vanes. The purpose of these elements is to remove water vapor that forms inside the coating cake.

Wind vane on a flat roof Source interistroy.ru

• Lightning rod. Executed in the form horizontal grid or vertical lightning rods.

Horizontal and vertical lightning rod on a flat roof Source assz.ru

• Drainage Regulates the flow of water from the roof. It can be external or internal - the first option is cheaper and easier to operate.

The best way to drain water is through a drainage system. Source nkkconsult.ru

We must always remember that the coordinated interaction of all components ensures only the use of suitable materials and strict adherence to construction technology.

Examples of projects

When choosing a project for a future house, it is useful to pay attention not only to its architecture and dimensions, but also to the nature of the roof, the material of the floors, the structure of the roof and the possibility of using it as an addition to the total area of ​​the house.

Video description

Some examples of projects in the video:

Two-story house in Hi-Tech style

High-tech modern house project with flat roof With warm walls from aerated concrete and ceramic blocks. Two-story, medium size (up to 150 m²), designed for arranging a used flat roof.

The stepped configuration made it possible to divide the upper space, where one part of the roof is used to house process equipment.

The design of the facade is interesting, combining smooth walls and textured finishes.

Project appearance Source lagrans.com

Layout of rooms on the first and second floor Source mainavi.ru

Cottage

A small family with an average income can comfortably accommodate in a modern one-story compact house, the roof of which serves as an addition to the total area. Panoramic windows, a large kitchen, and the orientation of living spaces to the south and southwest keep the house warm and cozy.

The slight slope of the roof ensures the drainage of rain and melt water and does not interfere with safe movement on the roof. The estimated area of ​​86 m² is increased due to the exploitable roof. Monolithic flooring and PVC roof membrane guarantee a long service life of the house. The flat roof emphasizes the volume of the room and gives the entire structure a modern look.

Photo of the project modern house with flat roof Source pinterest.com

Room layout Source dom4m.ru

A house for a large family corresponds to the ideas of modern construction. Good thermal and waterproofing of the roof allows you to create additional places for relaxation or training. Walls made of aerated concrete and monolithic floors keep rooms warm.

Despite the significant area of ​​the building (more than 300 m²), thanks to the flat roof it looks light and neat Source assz.ru

Source domo.com.pl

Source interistroy.ru

On our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects two-story houses from construction companies represented at the exhibition of Low-Rise Country houses.

Cubic house

A square house with a flat roof in the cubist style for a family with two children looks stylish due to the absence of a high hip roof.

Neat, voluminous, with corner glazing two-storey house stands firmly on the site, attracting attention. The house is interesting from all sides, while the roof serves as its continuation, emphasizing the cubic architectural style. It is proposed to build such a house from sandwich panels, which provide sufficient thermal insulation and structural strength.

Cubic two-story house Source rosstroycom.ru

Source doma-omsk.ru

Source rosstroycom.ru

Wooden two-story house

Not everyone prefers to use exclusively modern materials during construction, preferring time-tested classics. A wooden house with a flat roof is not just the right solution from the point of view of environmental friendliness of construction - it is also simply a very beautiful design.

Extraordinarily beautiful wooden house modern layout Source yandex.kz

Any housewife will be happy with such a kitchen Source fireswirl.co

As a result, when should you choose a house with a flat roof?

All projects of houses with a flat roof are examples of beauty, conciseness and effective use space modern buildings. If these aspects are primarily important, then such houses will be the right choice. The main thing during their construction is to choose a developer who will strictly adhere to the technology prescribed by the project.

There are many roof design options for a private home. Today, along with tent structures, modern technologies and materials make it possible to create and flat options. It is worth considering in more detail what a house with a flat roof is, its design features, pros and cons.

Description

Traditionally, in temperate and northern latitudes they built hip roof with inclined slopes, which prevented the accumulation of snow cover on the surface and allowed heavy precipitation to flow down onto the rain drain system. Houses with a flat roof were common in the southern regions, where there was no heavy rain and no snow fell at all in winter. But the development of construction technologies and the emergence of modern materials, especially waterproofing, have made it possible to create a horizontal roof without any problems in any region, even in the Far North.

A flat roof is a ceiling that is located horizontally directly above the residential floors of a private house. Several layers of insulating materials that protect against moisture, cold and steam, as well as a drainage system, make it possible to create reliable upper protection in a one-, two- or three-story private house.

You should not be afraid that leaks will appear on the ceiling of the last floor, since with a competent approach and high-quality materials they are completely excluded. The main thing is to properly operate such a roof and promptly change the coating in accordance with the warranty period.

For buildings with a straight roof, functionality increases because the roof surface can be used. In many ways, the installation of such buildings is simplified compared to tented options, where it is necessary to erect rafter system. They also have a lot of other advantages.

Principle and types of design

To begin with, it is worth noting that a flat roof in a private house is not strictly horizontal; in order to prevent water from accumulating and allowing it to drain, a surface slope of approximately 5-7° is provided. The principle here is the same as with spillways pitched roof– they are located at a slight slope, which is invisible from the ground, but allows all accumulated moisture to drain into drainpipe. The same is true on a flat roof: water collects in a certain place due to the unevenness of the surface, but the area looks horizontal; you can safely lay out a lawn on it or arrange an area for recreation.

The drainage system on such a roof contains special funnels, into which it flows under the influence of gravity rainwater and then, using a system of hoses, goes into the sewer or underground. These devices are made of plastic that is not susceptible to moisture and rot, mounted in layers of insulation on the roof, and equipped with a protective mesh on top so that the neck and drains do not become clogged. One such water intake funnel is designed for approximately 100-150 square meters. m of roof area, from here you can calculate their total number. Usually for a small country house 1-2 pieces are enough.

A flat roof can be used or not. If it is practically not used, that is, it is climbed several times a year to check integrity and routine repairs, then the coating contains the following layers from bottom to top: thermal insulation, vapor barrier and waterproofing. The flooring technology here is almost the same as in residential multi-apartment and industrial buildings.

There are the following common types of unused flat roofs: corrugated and monolithic.

• The first option is frame. First, a sheathing made of metal profiles or wooden beams, they are placed in it insulating materials. Then profiles are attached to the frame metal sheets. It's relative cheap option, easy to install, the design is lightweight. But it is practically impossible to walk on such a roof, because the profiles will sag and deform.

• Monolithic coating for a flat roof contains several layers. A vapor barrier film of hot bitumen is laid directly on the concrete slab, then mineral wool and waterproofing are applied, and a cement-based screed reinforced is poured on top reinforced mesh. Such an unused roof will have a lot of weight, but it will reliably protect the house from precipitation and cold.

Another option is if the roof is constantly in use, people walk on it, or there are some objects standing on it. Then the insulating layer changes order: first comes the waterproofing, on top of which the thermal insulation is installed. Therefore, such a roof is called inversion.

The order of laying materials is as follows: First, a bitumen-polymer membrane is placed on the floor slab, then a layer of thermal insulation made of penofol, penoplex or expanded polystyrene is laid. If you want to create a green lawn on the roof of your house, then a separating and filtering layer of geotextile is laid on top of these insulators, and then a fertile layer on which natural grass will grow.

A similar roof with fertile layer can be used freely throughout the warm period, if properly installed system drainage system it is not afraid of rain. On the roof you can place a children's or sports ground, put sun loungers or benches, create flower beds and even have a picnic. Operable roofs with green coating are now common not only in country houses, but also in city houses.

The installation of a flat roof does not end with flooring and pouring insulating layers and laying drainage systems. For proper operation, ventilation must be provided. Moisture and its vapor can accumulate between layers of insulation, later during frosts insulation pie may crack, bubbles appear on it, and peeling occurs. In order to avoid this, aerators are used - plastic or metal tubes with umbrella-shaped caps that are mounted inside the roofing. The air entering through them, due to the pressure difference, evaporates water vapor from the insulation layers, they remain completely dry.

Another important point After laying the flat roof, this is the construction of lightning protection. It should not be neglected, since, despite the low probability of occurrence, a thunderstorm can lead to the most catastrophic consequences in country house. The lightning protection mesh is installed inside the insulation layers, if they are not flammable, or if they are flammable, on top of them on special holders at a height of 10-12 cm from the surface. All nodes of this grid are connected into one lightning rod made of thick conductive wire, which goes to grounding.

Advantages and disadvantages

Low-rise buildings with a flat roof, built according to various projects, have been in use in our country for several years now. Reviews from owners who have lived in such houses for several years will help highlight all the advantages and disadvantages of such structures.

Their advantages are the following:

• saving on materials - there is no need to build a complex rafter system, and roofing work is simplified;
• speed of construction compared to gable slopes and even more so hip roofs;

• ease of repair and replacement of roofing coverings;
• the installation of a flat roof allows you to create a platform on it for various needs: a lawn, a recreation area with a gazebo, a gym, children's Corner etc.;

• it is possible to install windows in the ceiling; this is a very original interior design plus an additional source of natural light on the ceiling;
• roofing work will be much safer than with a hip roof;
• in case of strong gusts of wind there is no risk of massive truss structures and sheathing.

Based on reviews from the owners of such houses, one can point out the disadvantages of a flat roof:

• unlike tented structures, snow will accumulate on such roofs in winter in large volumes, which must be regularly removed manually;
• installation of a drainage system is required;

• it will be necessary to constantly monitor the integrity of the roof and the absence of leaks;
• Despite the apparent ease of installation, the flooring of a flat roof has many nuances; the insulating layers and gutters must be done as correctly as possible, otherwise leaks cannot be avoided.

Many projects of private houses with a horizontal roof came from Europe, where the climate is milder. Therefore, such decisions must be adjusted in accordance with our more severe weather conditions.

What to make it from?

Flat roofing can be made from various materials, their choice depends on the design of the building itself.

• If the house is made of brick, gas silicate or concrete blocks, then a reinforced concrete slab can be used as a roofing. In this case, the roof will be as durable as possible; bulky and heavy objects can be placed on it. This type of flooring material does not protect against moisture, so in any case you will have to make a layer of waterproofing from rolled bitumen or screed with a lower bitumen-polymer membrane.

• Wooden roof slabs of a similar design will cost less than concrete ones; they can be made on your own in a suburban area. A frame with beams is installed on the walls; planed beams 10x4 cm or others can be used as them, the main thing is that they are able to withstand the weight of future insulation and other objects located on the roof. The wood is treated with an antiseptic and fireproof solution. A timber roof can be covered with wood boards, boards or metal corrugated sheets.

• Bitumen is traditionally used as waterproofing for houses with a flat roof. This organic material hydrocarbon-based, which is produced during the distillation of oil. It has excellent waterproofing properties, is not susceptible to moisture, rotting, and is not afraid of frost. The main disadvantage of bitumen is considered to be that it is not environmentally friendly - it contains harmful components and emits a pungent odor when heated. Nevertheless, bitumen insulation is still in demand, including in the construction of houses with a flat roof.

Bitumen can be rolled or liquid. Usually for maximum efficiency A combination of these two types is used. First, the hot solution is poured onto the prepared, cleaned surface, then rolls of solid bitumen are rolled out onto the top. This combination allows you to close any microscopic cracks and cracks and reliably protects the roof from moisture.

• There are other modern waterproofing materials that are cleaner and harmless than bitumen. These include, for example, euroruberoid. It is also made on a bitumen basis, but, thanks to synthetic fabrics and polymers in its composition, it emits less harmful substances and smells. Euroroofing felt is produced in rolls; for strength, it is sprinkled with special mineral chips.

• There is sprayable waterproofing for roofing in the form of powders and aerosols. It is applied to the surface using special equipment. Such mixtures are produced from plasticizers, cement, synthetic resins and hardeners. Their advantages are that they not only protect from moisture, but also reflect the sun's rays and do not allow steam to pass through.

• Coating waterproofing is widely used to protect against precipitation. She, like liquid roofing felt, applied to the roof surface with a roller or brush. Among such materials, emulsion, rubber, polymer mastics and primers are especially common.

• There are options for bulk waterproofing in the form of granules, which absorb moisture well and prevent it from leaking into the living space. Examples include expanded clay and crushed stone. Their advantage is that no complicated installation is required - the granules simply rise to the roof level, scatter and evenly smooth over the surface.

• As a vapor barrier layer, a polyethylene film 0.1-0.5 mm thick is usually used, which is laid across the entire width of the roof under the thermal insulation layer. To protect against the cold, many effective materials: mineral wool, polystyrene foam, penoplex, expanded polystyrene and others.

• Continuous glass roofs are very impressive and impressive to look at. A transparent ceiling in a house visually enlarges the space, creates a unique airy atmosphere, and the rooms are always as bright as possible. It is not very difficult to install such floors; it is enough to create a frame from metal profiles or wooden frames and glaze it. But the operation of a glass roof becomes more complicated; in winter it is necessary to constantly clear it of snow cover. Therefore, it is best to make a continuous ceiling with small ceiling windows.

Design options

A flat roof can be installed either in a one or two-story house with a small area, or in a spacious cottage. In a large building, you can combine a pitched hipped roof with a horizontal one, for example, using it for an outbuilding or veranda. The shape of the roof can also be different: square, rectangular and more complex. The main thing with a non-standard project is to correctly calculate the slopes and drainage system so that moisture does not accumulate on the surface.

Air conditioners, ventilation systems, television antennas, communication boxes and other equipment can be located on the inversion flat roof. If the roof will be used as a platform for recreation or other active pastime, then it is necessary to install a fence along its edges.

Also, when installing such a roof, you should immediately take care of a convenient climb to the top with railings. There are many designs for inversion roofing with drawings that you can use as a guide when building your home.

Installation Instructions

Before constructing and arranging a flat roof, it is worth breaking down a step-by-step plan for all the work.

• It starts with choosing the shape, type and materials for the ceiling. It is worth considering that the load on such a structure is always more intense than on tent options. Based on this, you need to make a drawing of the frame system with beams and floors. The sketch indicates geometric shapes, sizes, colors, materials, and necessary communications. It is best to immediately have a visual idea of ​​what the future roof for your home will look like.

If previously flat roofs were made only on urban multi-storey buildings and were associated with constant leaks, today the situation has changed radically. These structures are used not only during the construction of multi-storey buildings, but also in the construction of prestigious private houses according to exclusive projects. Such changes became possible thanks to the emergence of completely new building materials and technology.

Flat roofs are one of the many types of roofing, which has both positive and negative sides. The advantages of such roofs include the following characteristics.

1. Saving building materials and speed of construction. The effect is achieved through physical savings - the area of ​​a flat roof is much smaller than a gable roof. In addition, for this design there is no need to manufacture a complex rafter system with various purlins, supports, crossbars, mauerlats, etc. A small number of roof elements makes it possible to construct flat roofs independently without the involvement of expensive professional specialists.
   True, for this you should have basic skills in performing roofing work, understand modern technologies and materials. Otherwise, attempts to reduce the estimated cost of the structure may cause large additional costs for unplanned repairs. And not only the roof itself, but also the interior of the buildings.

   

2. Possibility to use the roof as an exploitable one. On flat roofs you can equip winter gardens, places for recreation, flower beds, small areas for sports, etc. But in these cases, the roofs are very complex design and require a professional approach to all construction work.

   

3. Flat roofs make installation and periodic maintenance easier various engineering equipment: air conditioning and ventilation systems, solar panels, antennas, etc.

   

Unfortunately, such architectural structures also have disadvantages.

We have listed the real advantages and disadvantages; each developer should carefully analyze them before making a final decision.

Types of flat roofs in private houses

Thanks to new materials and technologies, designers have been able to create several types of flat roofs with unique performance characteristics.

Flat roof type	Brief description of technical and operational characteristics
	The most commonly used, simplest and cheapest type of roof. It is most often found on commercial buildings; it is rarely installed on private houses.
	A very prestigious roof allows you to use the area to increase the comfort of living in the building. The arrangement of such roofs requires quality materials and special technologies. The roof in use is often inverted.
	It differs from the usual one in the arrangement of layers of the roofing cake. Waterproofing is done directly on load-bearing foundation, this feature protects the coating from mechanical damage. Geotextiles, extruded polystyrene foam, another layer of geotextiles and a ballast layer are laid on top of the waterproofing. Geotextiles allow water to pass through drainage system, and ballast prevents layers from being undermined by strong gusts of wind.

Important. The cost of flat roofs varies widely; some options can be several times more expensive than gable roofs.

Roofing pie device

All flat roofs in residential buildings must be insulated; the structures consist of several layers. Each of them performs its own function and is critical for the roof.

Base

Can be reinforced concrete or wood.

Professional builders prefer reinforced concrete slabs, but not all houses can use them. The slabs are mounted only on brick or concrete façade walls, for wooden or frame buildings such elements do not apply.

Vapor barrier

Prices for vapor barrier materials

Vapor barrier material

It is used only in two cases: the base of a flat roof is wooden and mineral wool is used as insulation.

But such options are rare; most often the base is made from concrete slab, and durable extruded polystyrene is used for insulation. Both of these materials are not only resistant to steam, but also do not react to direct contact with water. Accordingly, when arranging roofs made of such materials, vapor protection is not required.

Insulation

There are two types of insulation that can be used in the construction of flat roofs.

Insulation can be installed in two ways.

Currently, architects in most cases prefer the second option for insulating a flat roof, keep this in mind. But practitioners advise installing insulation from inside the premises. Each developer must make his own decision.

Prices for thermal insulation materials

Thermal insulation materials

Practical recommendations for arranging a flat roof on a frame house

For example, we will take the option of arranging a flat roof on a wooden frame house. These buildings are very popular among many developers; they are quickly assembled, are relatively inexpensive and provide residents with a modern level of comfort.

How to make floors

For the ceiling you need to use I-beams; ordinary ones are not suitable due to very high loads. If the linear dimensions of ordinary beams are significantly increased, then their own weight will play a noticeable role in the calculations of the acting forces, and this is extremely undesirable for all structural loaded elements.

Important. If the house is large, then it is much more profitable to order short beams and splice them on site. This method simplifies the process of transporting and installing structures. During installation ceiling beams you need to make a slight slope for the water to drain.

Video - Wooden floor

What to make waterproofing from

Prices for PVC membranes for roofing

PVC membrane for roofing

For sealing, it is recommended to use a modern high-quality membrane that is protected from harmful effects ultraviolet rays. The membrane thickness is at least 1.5 mm, the service life of such coatings is more than thirty years. Membranes must retain their original properties at temperatures of -30° and below. It must be borne in mind that situations may arise when in winter it is necessary to remove snow from the roof; the waterproofing must withstand mechanical forces and not be damaged.

How to install a funnel for receiving water

The diameter of the funnel must correspond to the roof area and the maximum water flow. Data available in comparative tables and are attached to the instructions for using the elements. If for some reason there is no such instruction, then you need to consult with the seller.

The funnel is installed at the lowest point of the roof. The roof plane is divided into several sectors and each has a slight slope towards the drain. To prevent ice from accumulating in the funnel in winter, it is recommended to connect an electric heating system. Heating functions temporarily and only during the period when the temperature changes from positive to negative several times a day.

How to properly lay a waterproof membrane

The joints are boiled with a construction hairdryer and additionally filled with a special two-component glue. You should start from the very bottom edge, the width of the overlaps is at least 10 cm. To increase the strength of the fastening, each strip of the membrane is separately fixed with special fasteners, and the wide washers are then closed.

Along the perimeter of the parapet, the membrane is also screwed with washers of large diameter, the distance between them is approximately 20–30 cm.

How to drain water from a roof

Experienced builders do not recommend attempting to install external gutters and pipes on flat roofs to drain water to the ground. The best option- let in plastic pipes through interior spaces. Installation of the system should be done immediately after assembling the frame of the house, during cladding interior walls the pipes are hidden. Due to this installation location, the possibility of freezing is completely eliminated, and the reliability of the system is significantly increased.

The best way to process OSB boards

There are many options, efficiency depends not only on the materials used, but also on the professionalism of the master. But practice shows that, all things being equal, bitumen mastics have the greatest reliability. Surfaces must be coated at least twice, this guarantees the tightness of the coating for a long period of time. Of course, the top membrane must also be of high quality and correctly installed.

Buildings with a flat roof look original and are practical, especially in the cold season. All the pros and cons of this option. One-story, two-story, wooden houses in high-tech and minimalist style. We'll look at everything in more detail later in the article.

Advantages and disadvantages

The main advantages of this design are the following factors:

• efficiency– a triangular roof is much larger in area and requires more materials for its construction;
• time– the construction of a flat roof requires less time, which is very valuable when building houses, especially if they are built from scratch;
• safety for construction workers– it is difficult to fall from a flat surface, they will not have to provide themselves with insurance, build protective structures that require time and money;
• ease of use– if you find a hole or need a routine inspection or repair, it will be easy for you to climb in for inspection;
• practicality– many exploit flat surface in full, they make it into a flower greenhouse, a greenhouse, and use it to install equipment.

Designers classify such designs as minimalism, which are still in fashion, so your living space will be in trend.

Among the disadvantages are:

• impossibility of rolling snow in winter;
• the creation of special gutters and their regular cleaning are required;
• To prevent water from stagnating, you will have to install humidity control systems.

Those who were not afraid of the design flaws tried to install it for themselves and were not disappointed. Any building requires care and maintenance, so the need to remove water and snow is not terrible.

How to make a flat roof on a square house?

When planning the construction of a structure for a square building, you need to immediately decide what type it will be. The complexity of the work done will depend on this. Choose one of the options:

• not in use;
• exploited.

It is easier to make a flat roof that is not in use, if you want to reduce costs, it is better to choose this option. To do this you will need to install beams on the walls. frame house so that the distance between them is from 50 cm to 1 m. Construction pins are used to fix them.

After fixing the beams, sheathing of boards is performed. Typically, those with a width of at least 3 cm are used. They need to be laid tightly so that holes do not form; defects at the beginning of work will make the entire structure fragile.

A waterproofing membrane is installed on the finished sheathing, fixing the material with either construction tape or glue. Then thermal insulation and waterproofing are formed. This is a short description of the technology that allows you to make a flat roof on a square structure.

The main difference in the construction of a roof structure that is not in use and one that is in use is that in the first, the waterproofing is located above the thermal insulation, and in the second, vice versa.

Projects

After determining what the structure will be, whether non-operational or exploitable, a plan or project is drawn up. The main goal of this stage is to calculate the loads that will be exerted on the building. On the basis obtained, you can calculate the amount of materials required.

If you do not have experience in constructing roofs, it is better not to create the project yourself. This task should fall on the shoulders of professionals who can take into account all the nuances. Many construction companies offer developed programs that allow you to select a project to suit your ready house or completely new, when built from scratch.

The given diagram of how a flat roof is made is difficult to implement for a person who does not have the skills, so it is recommended to contact one of the available companies. Their work on creating the project will include:

• drawing up a sketch of the entire building;
• calculation of load-bearing structures - specialists calculate the number of beams, the distance between them, and other special sheathing structures;
• creating a plan-scheme.

The final plan is an important part of the design. When creating it, all the nuances and additional elements of the roof are taken into account. Consider the location and quality of the following parts:

• junction nodes;
• cornice (to protect walls from flowing water);
• funnels for collecting water;
• aerators – for removing water vapor;
• lightning outlet;
• drainage

Single storey

This option is suitable for a small family. The one-story building looks compact, there are no extra rooms, most of them belong to minimalism. A flat roof that also goes with this style would be suitable.

A triangular roof gives a one-story building volume and visually enlarges it, which often looks ridiculous. Flat - on the contrary, it emphasizes the neatness of the building. Among the large number of one-story building projects offered by many companies, country house options are also in demand.

If country cottage area small, you have to save space without cluttering it with unnecessary building elements. Many people decide to use the option with a usable roof for their dacha, placing a terrace, flowers, even a greenhouse on it. Because of small size The roof of a one-story house can be strengthened so much that furniture can easily be installed on it: tables, chairs, sofas, cabinets.

Advice

If you want to install a pool on a one-story building, you need to discuss this in advance, when you start designing. In such cases, particularly powerful reinforcement and a special waterproofing system are required.

Double decker

Such options are suitable for large families, so that everyone feels comfortable, it is important for them to have their own space. It is better to build a two-story one than a long one-story one. This saves materials, money, and costs.

As a rule, in a large family there are great needs; everyone requires their own conditions for comfort. Some people want to enjoy relaxing in the pool, some want to plant their favorite plants, and some want to have breakfast and dinner while enjoying the view of the sunset. A two-story building with a flat roof will provide the opportunity to implement any ideas.

If the weight allows, the foundation and wall structure are strong, you can organize an entire beach on the roof. To make it comfortable in the heat, canopies are made around the pool to create shade. You can also use plants for this purpose; many prefer decorative ones.

Another popular option for using a large roof of a two-story structure is arranging a sports ground. Not every sport is suitable for playing at altitude, but for most it is possible. Many people install a tennis court, but it needs a sufficient area, otherwise you will have to run far for the ball.

Roof-mounted exercise equipment is especially in demand. Treadmills, orbitreks, other fitness devices that are under open air – good opportunity play sports on outdoors. However, given that they run on electricity, a cover must be installed to protect them during rain.

If you plan to use the roof for outdoor activities, you need to take care of safety by installing sides.

High tech

The high-tech style has been relevant for several years now. Its connoisseurs prefer to adhere to the desired design not only when decorating rooms inside, but exterior finishing building. The main features of the style are smooth surfaces and textured finishes.

High-tech elements are not suitable for creating a cozy, homely, modest environment; if you prefer old-fashioned home design options, it is better to avoid this. Initially, the style was used only for offices and was classified as official. Decades after its invention, it began to be used for residential premises, and there were immediately many fans of such rigor and minimalism.

High-tech is focused on demonstrating existing equipment, so modern exercise equipment and other equipment on the roof will look appropriate. This is not a modest style, so it is more often used for large two-story houses. If it is used to decorate a one-story building, it should look large.

Another high-tech feature is a lot of artificial lighting. Both small decorative lanterns and large main light sources can be installed on the roof. In order to strictly follow the rules of style, lamps must have a characteristic geometric shape.

The walls and roof are usually plain, but the colors should be bright and harmoniously combined with each other. Suitable shades are beige, light gray, and metallic. Suitable for harmony with them dark colors. If they have walls, then the roof should be dark blue, gray, burgundy, emerald, and other bright colors.

Projects of houses with a flat roof have recently become more popular all over the world. Some examples of houses can be safely called masterpieces of architecture. In our country, this direction is still developing, therefore, by choosing this solution for construction, you become the owner of an exclusive modern home.

Houses with a flat roof look impressive and are also endowed with a number of advantages:

• roof construction will take less time and cost less;
• ease of maintenance, cleaning and repair work are carried out more easily and without the use of special equipment;
• the opportunity to usefully use the roof area, for example, to place a terrace, tables for relaxation, a flower garden or a sports area.

Construction of flat roof houses

Despite its apparent simplicity, the strength of the house will be achieved only with careful necessary calculations, especially when it comes to ensuring a sufficient level of waterproofing and water drainage; in case of an error, the structure may collapse. That is why, for the design and construction of houses with a flat roof, it is necessary to contact specialists who have sufficient experience and comply with the required building codes and standards.

Our catalog contains many finished projects houses with a flat roof. Using a convenient filter, you will find various houses by area, number of floors and material (brick, aerated concrete, frame) with photos and construction prices.

If no cottage project in the catalog is suitable, we will be happy to develop an individual project for you, where we will take into account and implement all your wishes.

By collaborating with Villaexpert, you can be sure that the construction of a turnkey house with a flat roof will be carried out at the highest level and at a reasonable price, and you will receive the house design as a gift.