Early broom plant, planting and care in the Moscow region. Broom: planting and care at home, propagation Broom plant description

Not yet widespread enough in landscape gardening, the plant called “Broom” confidently and deservedly takes its position in this area.

Unpretentious perennial shrubs impress with their fluffy compact or, conversely, spreading cascading crown, densely covered with fragrant flowers.

Abundant and long flowering broom arouses real admiration among others.

This ornamental culture attracts not only its spectacular appearance, but also its ease of cultivation. How to plant broom correctly and provide proper care for the plant is described in detail in this article. And for those who nevertheless decided to grow an exotic crop on their plot, a varietal description of the plant and detailed video lesson

Broom, plant description

Broom is a member of the legume family, there are about 50 species. Most often, these are quite tall (up to 3 meters) deciduous shrubs, less often – small fragile trees.

Central Europe is considered the birthplace of broom. The habitat has also spread to Western Asia and North Africa.
Shrubs attract attention with their decorative appearance, forming a dense green or bluish-pubescent crown.
The leaves of broom are trifoliate, alternately arranged and have very small stipules. Some species have spines on the stem.
The main decoration of the plant are the flowers: white, yellow or pink. The inflorescences are a raceme or head, elongated, up to 2-3 cm in size, reminiscent of pea flowers. The moth flowers have a tubular, two-lipped calyx with a sail, wings and a boat. This unusual structure of the flower allows the stamens to shed pollen as soon as the bee lands on the flower. The flowering period occurs in the second half of spring until July. The broom blooms for the first time after 3 years of age.

The fruits of broom are cracking elongated beans; The seeds are small, flat, kidney-shaped.

A honey plant, broom, loves open and sunny areas.
An otherwise unpretentious crop, broom is found in ravines, forest edges and even on rocky slopes. This decorative adaptability allows it to be planted in similar, non-standard and unacceptable places for other plants.
The species diversity of the shrub is represented mainly by wild species. About 15 species of broom are grown in cultivation. A plant that is not widespread enough in the cultural landscape, deserves more attention from gardeners due to its original appearance and ease of care.
There are also poisonous broom varieties.

Types of broom

All types of broom in the middle climate zone are characterized by an early and long growing season, when the first leaves appear in May and are so attractive decorative look lasts until frost.

Let's look at the most popular types of broom.

Crown broom (Cytisus scoparius)

This is a deciduous tall shrub, densely planted with yellow flowers. Coronal broom can grow up to 3 meters in height. Green leaves fall early enough in preparation for the winter cold. Frost-resistant (withstands down to -20 ° C) and widely cultivated species.

This one is planted ornamental shrub both in large rock gardens and individually. In planting it goes well with evergreens coniferous plants.

Has a lot decorative varieties, characterized by bright red and even two-colored inflorescences.

Kyus broom (Cytisus kewensis)

A dwarf spreading species, reaching a height of about 0.3-0.5 m, and a width of up to 2 m. Numerous shoots of Kyus broom spread almost along the surface of the earth. The flowers are large, creamy, and warm in color.

This species is an excellent option for decorating small rocky gardens or rock gardens.

This species has other names - edge-flowered or floating-flowered, associated with the structural features of the flower. Large, yellow corollas are planted on long stalks, which creates the impression of inflorescences floating under the leaf or protruding forward.

Cold-resistant species, grows no more than 0.6 m in height.

Early broom (Cytisus praecox)

An unpretentious, medium-height (1-1.5 m) shrub, distinguished by a thick, dense crown formed by spreading and arched shoots. The plant acquires a light green color due to its narrow, elongated leaves.

Broom blooms in May, with abundant fiery yellow flowers with a sharp, specific aroma.

Frost-resistant species, widely used in landscaping and strengthening sandy slopes. Looks great in group border plantings.

The most famous variety is “Allgold”, which blooms very early, even before the leaves bloom. Also popular is the broom variety “Zealandia”, characterized by abundant and very beautiful soft pink flowering.

Crowded broom (Cytisus aggregatus)

A dwarf species, growing in height no more than half a meter. The diameter of the bush is almost twice its height.

Flowering occurs on summer period and continues until autumn. The inflorescences are deep yellow.

Light-loving, rapidly growing (blooms from the age of 3), the plant looks harmonious in garden and park plant compositions.

Creeping broom (Cytisus decumbens)

A popular low-growing (0.2 m) shrub with a spreading and slightly pubescent crown.

Abundant flowering has made this species the leader among all representatives of the broom family. Yellow shades, the flowers densely cover the entire bush, which gives the plant an unusually spectacular appearance.

Cold-hardy, planted both in groups and individually.

Russian broom (Cytisus ruthenicus)

Resistant to the climatic conditions of Russia, this species grows no more than 2 m in height. Branches, grayish in color, straight or arched, slightly pubescent. The inflorescence is mixed: racemose-spike-shaped with a small number of yellow flowers. The plant blooms in May for almost the whole month.

Broom grows on slopes or along roads and is poisonous.

Broom propagation

The shrub propagates by seed and vegetative methods (cuttings, layering).

Seeds

This method is used for species of broom.

Ripe seeds, collected at the end of summer, are sown in containers and placed in a shaded place. The soil mixture for seeds should be light, for example, sand and peat. Seed the seeds shallowly, up to 5 mm, ensuring their subsequent constant moistening and ventilation.
By maintaining a temperature of about 20°C, the seeds sprout vigorously in the spring.
Then the seedlings are picked and transplanted into separate pots with a special soil mixture(turf soil: humus: sand in a ratio of 2:1:1/2). In the spring, after replanting and successful rooting, it is necessary to pinch the central shoot, thus ensuring subsequent branching of the broom. In just 3-4 years, the bush will delight you with its first flowers.
If seeds are sown directly in open ground in the spring, they are first hardened, ensuring higher germination. Stratification is carried out for two months before sowing.

Vegetatively

The method is often used for hybrid broom species.

In the summer, after the broom has finished flowering, they begin to prepare cuttings for propagating the shrub. To do this, not too young shoots with 3-4 leaf nodes are cut.

The cuttings are planted in separate containers and covered with a glass jar for rooting. The care conditions are the same as when germinating seeds. Rooted cuttings are planted in open ground in the spring.

The lower branches of the broom creeping along the ground are rooted by bending them with special brackets and sprinkled with earth. Thus, providing the layering with constant sufficient moisture, subsequently, full-fledged seedlings are formed.

Rooted cuttings are separated from the mother bush and planted separately.

Planting broom

When planting broom, seedlings or seeds, choose an open, warm and windless place. Planting is best done in spring (April to May).

It is preferable to choose light, sandy soil with neutral or low acidity.

The only limitation is that you should not plant the plant near water bodies, due to the fact that the toxic substances contained in broom can have a detrimental effect on the living fauna of the pond.

Features of planting broom

The plant should be planted in a pre-prepared soil mixture of soil, sand and humus in an approximate ratio of 1:2:1.
If the soil composition is poor and poor, it is better to additionally add mineral fertilizers.
When planting seedlings, it is important to maintain a distance of at least 30 cm between plants.
You can buy seedlings for planting broom at any specialized point of sale. It is better to choose a grown plant with a closed root system.

Agricultural planting technology

Place the seedling in a prepared hole with soil mixture so that its root collar is at ground level.
Optimal conditions for development young plant There will also be a pre-prepared drainage layer. Moreover, its thickness is landing pit will depend on the quality of the soil (from 10 to 20 cm). The heavier and denser the soil, the larger the drainage layer. Broken bricks or pebbles are used as drainage.
After filling and compacting the soil after planting, it is necessary to water the plant abundantly.
By mulching the soil around the seedling, it will be possible to better retain moisture, aerate the soil and prevent growth weed.

Broom care

Broom does not require special care or constant attention; it is enough to follow the basic rules of agricultural technology and the plant will feel comfortable in the garden.

Watering

Broom is a fairly drought-resistant plant, so it is better to water it abundantly, but not frequently, to prevent stagnation of moisture.
And under conditions of systematic precipitation, additional moisture is not required at all.

Loosening

Loosening the soil around the bush and removing weeds - necessary measure for plant care.
Loosening should not be done too deep, up to 10 cm, so as not to damage root system broom
The optimal replacement for loosening can be mulching the soil with peat about 5 cm.

Top dressing

Fertilizer application is an important agrotechnical technique that improves plant growth and development.
Experts recommend carrying out several feedings during the period of active vegetative growth.
In the spring, nitrogen-containing fertilizers (urea) are applied, in the summer - potassium and phosphorus mixtures. The dosage of fertilizing is calculated according to the instructions.
If additional stimulation of broom growth is necessary, wood ash is also added.

The broom does not require any special shaping or pruning.
But, after flowering, in order to form even more young shoots with buds, its branches are pruned to strong lignified lateral branches.

Preparing for winter

To avoid freezing of young (up to 3 years old) shrubs, it is better to additionally cover them before the onset of cold weather.
If the bush is low, it is enough to cover it with spruce branches. In the case of taller broom, the branches are pressed to the ground with special brackets and covered with leaves or the same spruce branches.
Adult plants, as a rule, are quite winter-hardy and do not need such a procedure.

Growing in a container

Some heat-loving broom varieties are also grown as a houseplant. Then, in warm time, pots are placed on fresh air, and in winter they are brought indoors.

Pest and disease control

Broom is a fairly disease-resistant crop.
In case of powdery mildew, use 5% copper sulfate, which is used to treat the plant when the buds have not yet opened. If signs of the disease continue to appear, spraying with foundationazole or colloidal sulfur helps in the summer. In case of broom disease with black spot, similar measures are carried out.
When attacked by pests, use appropriate insecticides. Thus, the pest moth that appears on the leaves is easily exterminated with a 0.2% chlorophos solution. And the moth is “afraid” of bacterial and organophosphate insecticides.

Application of broom

The most common use of broom bushes is to design park and garden areas and various landscapes. The attractive decorative appearance of the plant could not help but interest landscape designers. Both single and group plantings of broom are practiced. For a long time flowering shrub with an unusually beautiful crown, looks impressive against the background of conifers or cereal plants. Contrast color range advantageously emphasizes the diversity of planted ornamental crops.

In the pharmaceutical industry, poisonous alkaloids contained in broom are used.
Blooming early spring, broom varieties are excellent for cutting.

Broom is an excellent honey plant.
Broom is used in the chemical industry to produce yellow dye and dye natural wool.
Durable wood from bush branches is used to make small crafts.
In the cosmetics industry, perfumes made from fragrant varieties of broom are used.

Thus, with so many advantages and favorable qualities, broom can easily be grown on your own plot. Love for the species diversity of the plant world will serve as an additional incentive for growing broom.

And the spectacular decorative appearance of the plant and ease of care will help you quickly realize your plans.

: “Broom. Features of broom. Broom care"

Source: http://dachnaya-zhizn.ru/rakitnik-posadka-i-ukhod

Broom planting and care in open ground fertilizer propagation

There are more than 50 species of broom plants, mainly distributed throughout Europe, Western Siberia, and Africa. For the most part, they are unpretentious shrubs 50-300 cm tall, used in building landscaping, although not very widely.

Broom, the types and varieties of which can be effectively used in decorating fences, borders and not only in the central zone of the Russian Federation, is characterized by an early spring awakening - the stems begin to grow, starting in May, and do not stop until the frost itself. This advantage allows you to maintain lush greenery in the garden throughout the summer; then, however, the plant “pays” with not fully ripened stems that go to winter along with the foliage and freeze out.

Broom types and varieties

Russian broom- a densely growing shrub found in the forest-steppes and steppes of Russia, in western Siberia and the Caucasus.

Loves light, short in stature (no more than 150 cm in height) with pubescent stems and straight or twisting branches of a grayish color. Hairs are present both on the bottom of the leaves and on the top, they are a pure gray-green color.

The large yellow flowers continue to bloom for 25 days.

Fruit ripening occurs in September. The fruits are legumes; inside they contain oval seeds of a yellowish or greenish color. The species has good winter hardiness and drought resistance, is unpretentious in care and is an excellent honey plant. It is recommended for use in single and group plantings, as well as for strengthening and decorating slopes.

Creeping broom from Southern Europe - very low (up to 20 cm in height), but in diameter it can extend up to 80 cm. Its greenish stems and dark green foliage below are also pubescent (the same applies to the fruits).

The color of the flowers ranges from bright to dark yellow. They are 1.5 cm long and bloom so luxuriantly that other dwarf brooms simply cannot compare with them. It blooms in May and June, is relatively resistant to frost (it may freeze slightly during severe winters), and is used in group plantings and on rocky hills.

broom

From the center and south of Europe it is pubescent only at a young age. The stems stretch 300 cm in height, and the 2-centimeter flowers with pubescent calyx and peduncle are painted in a light yellow tone.

The early fall of leaves of this species is due to the preparation of the stems for winter, and, as a result, it can withstand cold temperatures down to -20℃.

Coronal broom is widely bred in Europe (in mild climates).

Its numerous decorative forms include varieties:

broom boskop ruby- with scarlet flowers and yellow edging,

broom burkwoodie- with red-coral coloring of flowers and golden edging,

broom red wings- with shades of flowers from garnet red to crimson and yellow spot at the base and others.

Broom Lena blooms bright unusual flowers. The height of the dense multi-stemmed bushes is 130 cm and the width is 150 cm. The green branches of young specimens are pubescent, just like the calyx and peduncle of the flowers.

The foliage is small, oval or oblong-lanceolate, emerald green. The uniqueness of the slightly fragrant flowers is manifested in their similarity to those of peas, while the flowering is rich and begins in the last days of spring.

Early broom

With a height of 100 to 150 cm, it forms a lush crown with light green foliage. It blooms very richly with bright yellow flowers with a pungent aroma. The species, as well as its varieties, is characterized by frost resistance.

One of them - broom boskop ruby - is incredibly decorative with its numerous flowers, red and outside and pink-purple in the central part, while being able to reach a height of 2 meters.

Blooms in mid-spring for 1 month.

Another variety - Albus broom- features a spherical compact shape. Albus grows 120 cm in height and width. Its flowers are white-yellow, bloom in May and continue to bloom until mid-summer.

Black broom- a native of the European zone of Russia, Belarus, Ukraine and Western Europe. This species owes its name to its leaves that turn black during drying. The natural habitat of the species is pine wooded areas of the forest-steppe belt.

The height of the bush is no more than 1 meter, the stems are pubescent. The flowering of spike-shaped inflorescences consisting of golden-yellow flowers begins in late June and ends in late September. Endowed with exceptional beauty and increased seed viability.

Broom planting and care in the Moscow region

To plant broom effectively, you need to choose an open and warm area for it. One of important aspects wind protection is also provided here. It is recommended to plant in the ground in April-May at a mutual distance between seedlings of approximately 30 cm.

It is worth noting the fact that broom contains many toxic compounds that can harm the environment when the plant is located near water bodies.

Watering should be plentiful, but not frequent, due to the fact that the plant is drought-resistant. It is necessary to control the level of soil moisture, avoiding stagnation of water, completely excluding watering when there is frequent precipitation.

You can find cotoneaster planting and care in open ground, feeding, propagation and much more in this article.

Soil for broom

The optimal soil for broom is a mixture consisting of sand, earth and humus.

It is important to periodically loosen the soil in the bush area and weed out the weeds, but the first procedure should be performed with caution - not going too deep (10 cm is enough) so as not to harm the roots. Moreover, instead of loosening, you can use mulching with peat to a depth of no more than 5 cm.

Plants are replanted only when necessary. To do this, prepare a soil mixture consisting of turf soil, humus and sand.

Fertilizer for broom

Fertilizing should be done in spring and summer. In the first case, the fertilizers are urea or any other fertilizer containing nitrogen, and in the second, substances based on phosphorus and potassium.

You can stimulate plant growth by using wood ash. Feed once every 14 days.

Pruning broom

Broom does not need crown-forming pruning. It is desirable only in the summer, after flowering, so that a larger number of young stems with inflorescences are formed.

After the broom fades, prune some of the shoots to strong lateral branches.

Broom in winter

Although most broom species are resistant to cold, it is advisable to follow certain care rules that will help the plant survive the winter:

It is better to cover young animals for winter;
Each low-growing variety requires shelter for the winter with spruce branches;
Tall shrubs should be pressed to the surface of the ground using special staples and covered with spruce branches on top or covered with dry leaves;
For adult specimens, winter shelter is not required.

Propagation of broom by seeds

Broom propagation by seed method is carried out according to the following scheme:

The container is filled with light soil - sand and peat are suitable.
At the end of summer, the seeds are deepened into the ground by 5 mm (no more), covered with film and moved to a place where there is no sun and the ambient temperature is approximately 20℃.
The crops are systematically ventilated and the soil is moistened.

The first shoots should be expected by spring. After their appearance, it is necessary to pick in individual pots, filled with a special soil mixture, including turf soil, sand and humus in proportions of 2:1:1.

After the seedlings are planted in open ground and rooting has taken place, the time comes for pinching the main stem, which will subsequently ensure more active branching.

Broom propagation by cuttings

Propagation by cuttings begins with cutting off the mature stem at the end of the flowering period. The shoot must contain at least 3 leaves. The cuttings are planted in containers and covered with glass, then systematically ventilated and moistened.

The soil mixture must be selected similarly to that used in the seed propagation method described above. After rooting, cuttings are planted in open ground in the spring.

Diseases and pests

Of the diseases and pests that can cause serious damage to broom, it is worth highlighting broom moth. They begin to fight it immediately when detected on the foliage, using chlorophos (0.2%).

Against broom moth Treatment with organophosphorus or bacterial insecticides (you can mix them) will help.

powdery mildew And black spot eliminated by treating dormant buds with 5 percent copper sulfate, and foundationazole in the summer.

Source: https://chvetochki.ru/rakitnik/

Broom planting and care in the Moscow region Types and varieties of broom with photos and descriptions Reproduction

Broom (Citius, Zharnovets paniculata) is a spreading shrub or low tree. The height of the plant without pruning ranges from half a meter to three.

The stems are smooth, covered with bright green bark, and become woody over time. The bark may have short fluff or silvery streaks.

Young shoots of broom are flexible, bending to the ground under the weight of leaves and flowers.

The broom genus is represented by evergreen and deciduous species. The leaves are short-petioled, attached alternately, and the color is bright green. The leaf blade consists of three lobes oval shape, the apical leaves may be joined together. The length of miniature leaves is 3-4 cm.

When does broom bloom?

The calyx can be bell-shaped or tubular, together with the petals it is 2-3 cm long. A small column with an ovary and stamens is hidden under the petals. The flowers are collected in racemose inflorescences, which are located in the axils of the leaves along the entire length of the shoot.

The color of the buds can be cream, white, pink, sunny yellow.

Broom is a representative of the Legume family. At the end of flowering, pods with flattened, small beans are formed. The ripe pod opens on its own and the seeds scatter on the surface of the soil.

Central Europe is considered the birthplace of broom. Found in Western Asia and northern Africa.

Fragrant shrubs can be grown in gardens and indoors.

Virulence

Be careful when caring as the plant contains harmful substances(alkaloids), which in large doses can cause breathing difficulties. Wear gloves, wash your hands thoroughly, access of children and animals to the plant must be limited.

Growing broom from seeds

Broom seeds different types photo

The plant can be propagated by seed and vegetative methods (cuttings, rooting of layering).

Propagation by seeds is very effective. Self-seeding can often be found around the bush. Collect ripe pods in the fall, remove the seeds and store until spring.

Before planting, you should keep it in for 2 days. warm water, then sow in moist peat-sandy soil.

The depth of planting seeds in the soil should be 0.5-1 cm, maintain a distance of 4-6 cm between crops. Cover the container with the crops with film or glass. Sprout in diffused light and an air temperature of 18-21° C. Spray and ventilate regularly.

Broom from seeds photo shoots

When 2-3 leaves appear on the seedlings, it is necessary to pick them out and plant them in pots with a diameter of 7-9 cm. Soil composition: 2 parts turf, 1 part humus soil with the addition of 0.5 parts sand.

To improve bushiness, it is necessary to periodically pinch young plants. With the onset of spring, transplant into a container with a diameter of 11-15 cm. Transplant into open ground should be in the 3rd year of life. Always use the earthball method as the roots of the plant are very fragile.

Propagation of broom by cuttings

After flowering is assured, vegetative propagation can be carried out.

For cuttings, choose semi-lignified branches. Each cutting should contain 2-3 leaves; to reduce moisture evaporation, the leaf blades should be cut to 1/3 of the length. Root in sandy-peaty soil.

Cover the seedlings with a transparent cap (glass jar, cut plastic bottle). Don't forget to ventilate. It is necessary to ensure air temperature within 18-21° C and diffuse lighting. Roots form in 1-1.5 months - you can remove the cover.

Transplant into open ground in the spring.

Reproduction by layering

For propagation by layering, use mature bushes. The lower branch should be bent to the surface of the ground and sprinkled with a small amount of soil. The cuttings will take root and become stronger by spring - transplant to a new location.

Features of planting and transplanting broom

Plant in open ground in the spring (April-May). Choose a place with diffused lighting, where the sun's rays reach only in the morning and evening hours, and shading occurs at noon. The area must be protected from drafts.

Caution: do not plant near water bodies, as toxic substances from the plant can get there and negatively affect the fauna.

Dig up the soil. The soil must be fertile, loose, with a slightly acidic or neutral reaction. For example, a mixture of turf soil, compost, peat and river sand. It is recommended to immediately apply complex mineral fertilizers.

Dig holes, place the seedlings so that the root collar remains above the surface, maintain a distance of 30-50 cm between plantings. Fill the planting hole with soil, compact it a little, and water generously.

To maintain moisture for a longer period of time, increase soil breathability and prevent weed growth, mulch the soil around the seedling.

Broom roots are sensitive: during transplantation they should not be damaged or overdried. outdoors, otherwise the plant will die. After the plant reaches three years of age, it is recommended not to replant at all.

Caring for broom in the garden and indoors

Broom golden sunlight golden sunlight photo

We talked about choosing a place in the garden earlier. At indoor growing adhere to the same characteristics: bright but diffused lighting, protection from drafts. Place the container with the plant in the east or west side Houses.

Grow heat-loving varieties and species only in containers; you can put them in the garden in the summer. The air temperature for indoor plants in spring and autumn is required at 18 to 25 °C. All specimens like cool wintering with air temperatures ranging from 10-15° C.

The plant is drought-resistant and tolerates temporary soil flooding. The principle of watering is the same for everyone: in the warm season, water abundantly after the top layer of soil has dried. In autumn and winter in room conditions Water occasionally.

During the warm season, spray the plant regularly. Occasionally place on a tray with damp expanded clay, moss, and pebbles. With the onset of cold weather, spray less often.

Indoor specimens in spring and summer should be fed with complex mineral fertilizers twice a month. Garden crops will respond gratefully to organic matter: apply manure or grass humus 2-3 times per season.

After flowering ends, shoots should be cut back to the woody side branches to stimulate the growth of young shoots.

Wintering broom in open ground

Do brooms need shelter for the winter? For young growth (first year) and rooting cuttings, shelter for the winter is required. Low growing varieties cover with spruce branches. Bend tall shrubs to the surface of the ground and secure with special brackets, mulch natural materials(dry leaves, grass, branches). Adult specimens do not need to be covered.

Types and varieties of broom with photos and names

The broom genus includes approximately 50 species. Let's look at the most popular ones.

Russian broom Cytisus ruthenicus

Russian broom Cytisus ruthenicus photo in bloom

A bush with erect shoots reaching a height of 1.5 m. The leaves are small, tripartitely divided into lanceton or oval-shaped lobes, and have a gray-green color. Leaves with thorns. Inflorescences consisting of 3-5 yellow flowers appear in the axils of the leaves.

Golden rain broom Laburnum anagyroides

Broom golden shower photo

A shrub or low tree with a small number of branches, growing up to 20 years. Blooms from early May to June. Toxic to humans, causes malfunction nervous system. Propagated by seeds. This article will tell you more about this species.

Corona broom Cytisus scoparius

Corona broom Cytisus scoparius photo

A shrub with thin, flexible shoots, the height is 3 m. The bark on the shoots is reddish with slight pubescence. The color of the flowers is light yellow. The species is deciduous, frost-resistant (withstands frosts down to -20° C).

Varieties:

Burkwoodi broom - flowers of a scarlet hue have a border in the form of a narrow plane of yellow color.
Broom Andreanus Splendens – yellow-red streaks on the petals.
broom Lena - scarlet petals are decorated with longitudinal stripes of a dark golden hue.

Creeping broom Cytisus decumbens

Creeping broom Cytisus decumbens photo

Shoots about 20 cm long spread along the surface of the ground. The stems are ribbed, green, and pubescent. The leaves are oval or lanceolate and dark-colored. green, bottom part The leaf blade is covered with dense villi. In the axils of the leaves there are paniculate inflorescences consisting of small yellow flowers.

Early broom Cytisus praecox

Early broom Cytisus praecox photo in bloom

The spreading bush reaches a height of 1-1.5 m. The shoots are arched, densely covered with leaves and flowers of a bright yellow color.

Boskop Ruby - differs in the color of the petals: the inner part is painted in a pink-purple hue, the outer part is ruby.

Allgold – bright yellow flowers appear before the leaves.

Cytisus kewensis

Cytisus kewensis photo

A compact bush about 30 cm high. The shoots are creeping, the leaves are trifoliate. The flowers are large and milky white with a yellowish tint.

Protuberant broom Cytisus emeriflorus

Protuberant broom Cytisus emeriflorus photo

Shrub about 60 cm high. Leaves are small, trifoliate. Large flowers of bright yellow color hang on long stalks.

Common broom Cytisus aggregatus

The height of the bush is 30-50 cm, the diameter of the bush reaches 80 cm. The color of the flowers is yellow.

Cytisus elongatus

The bush reaches a height of 1.5 m. The leaves are trifoliate and pubescent. The flowers are colored yellow-golden.

Sessile broom Cytisus sessilifolius

Sessile broom Cytisus sessilifolius photo

The height of the bush is 1.3-1.5 meters. The leaves are trifoliate with pointed tips. Flowers of bright yellow color are collected in loose racemes.

Black broom Cytisus nigricans

Black broom Cytisus nigricans photo

When dried, the leaves turn black. In its natural environment it lives in forest-steppes and likes soil moisture above average. The bush grows up to 1 m. The shoots are covered with short pile. Yellow-golden flowers are collected in racemose inflorescences of 15-30 pieces.

Zinger's broom Cytisus zingerii

Shoots about 1 m high have golden pubescence and are densely leafy. The leaf blades are trifoliate, light green. During the flowering period, 1-2 yellow flowers appear from the leaf axils.

Red broom variety Boskoop Ruby Cytisus Boskoop Ruby

Broom boskop ruby photo growing and care

Up to two meters high, with beautiful flowering ruby red color. Needs sanitary and formative pruning and timely watering. Frost-resistant variety, with early flowering, starting from the first ten days of May.

Albus broom Cytisus praecox Albus

Albus broom photo planting and care

The variety is up to 1.2 m high. Prefers open, well-lit places and light sandy soils. Blooms in May-June. Frost-resistant variety that does not require shelter for the winter.

Broom Andreanus Cytisus Andreanus

Growing broom andreanus photo and description

Reaches a height of 1.5 m, blooms in May-June with dense inflorescences of yellow-scarlet flowers. excellent honey plant, grows on any soil, including rocky and poor nutrients.Prefers open, illuminated areas.

Decorative properties and beneficial properties of broom

Broom can be used to decorate rooms and gardens. On the site they are beautiful in solo and group plantings. Bushes planted in a row will create hedge. Large boulders look natural near the broom thickets. Good neighbors will coniferous trees, lilies of the valley, lavender, antennaria.

Zharnovets paniculata is an excellent honey plant, has medicinal properties. Preparation of infusion: 1 tsp. crushed broom paniculate, pour 0.5 liters of cold boiled water and leave in a warm place for 1 hour. Then strain. Take 1 tsp after meals.

twice a day. Indications: tuberculosis, jaundice, liver disease, heart and headache, pain in the sacral region, coughing attacks. Before treatment, be sure to consult your doctor.

Do not take if you have an individual intolerance, during menstruation or pregnancy.

In Celtic culture, the plant is associated with well-being on all levels: spiritual, physical. At the end of the Celtic year, the month of broom falls, at this time it is necessary to carry out a general cleaning of the home, and also get rid of “moral trash” - bad habits, bad thoughts.

Broom belongs to evergreen shrubs. In rare cases, broom can be found in the form of small trees. There are about 50 species in the genus. Distribution area:

Europe;
Africa;
Western Siberia.

The height of broom can reach 2.5 meters. Shrubs are used very rarely for landscaping. At the same time, many species can decorate sandy slopes, others are great for single and group plantings. Some varieties have flowers with an incredible aroma.

The plant is a dense bush. It consists of stems with smooth surface, which have a bright green or green with a gray tint.

Broom blooms in summer or early spring. Its flowers are visually similar to pea flowers. Possible colors: white, white with a yellow tint, yellow or purple. Golden shower is what people call broom.

In the title photo - popular variety Allgold, its description can be found below.

Species

Broom has 50 species.

Crown (C. purpureus)- a variety that is usually cultivated in areas with warm climates. The shrub can reach a height of 3 meters. The alternate trifoliate leaves are oval in shape. In the axils of the leaves there are small (about 2 cm in diameter) flowers. They have yellow. In Europe it is the most common broom. The crown type is very often used in or in single plantings. Combines with such crops as, and.

Prominent flowering (C. emeriflorus Rchb)- a species that is also cultivated in central Russia, since it is highly resistant to frost. Its height rarely exceeds 60 cm. It has small trifoliate leaves. Large, rich yellow flowers are located on elongated stalks. Flowering occurs in June. An excellent choice for rock gardens.

protruding flowering

Russian (C. ruthenicus) is a species that in Russia grows naturally in western Siberia. Height - about 2 meters. The length of the trifoliate leaves is no more than 2 cm. Several flowers form inflorescences in the form of spikelets. Color yellow. Flowering occurs between May and June. Flowering lasts for 25 days. Sometimes it blooms again in late summer and early autumn. It is grown as an ornamental crop for landscaping gardens and parks. Is poisonous.

Early (C. praecox)- an unpretentious variety that has a height of about 1.5 meters. On long and thin branches there are narrow small leaves. The bright yellow flowers have a very pungent odor. Flowering occurs in May. This is a frost-resistant species and prefers sandy soil. It is used in single and group plantings, for landscaping gardens, parks, and for decorating borders and sandy slopes.

Kewes (C. kewensis)- very popular broom in Europe. This is a low growing shrub. Its height does not exceed 0.5 meters. It has drooping branches with trifoliate green leaves. White flowers with a yellowish tint bloom on the branches. Kyus broom is an excellent choice for rocky gardens.

Kyussky

Creeping (C. decummbens)- Beautiful, bright look. Height - about 20 cm. Very lush, abundantly flowering shrub. On creeping shoots there are elongated or lanceolate leaves with a pubescent surface. The flowers are yellow. Ideal for rocky gardens and group plantings.

creeping

Purple (C. purpureus)- a spectacular variety. This is a ground cover shrub, has a height of no more than 60 cm. From the beginning of June to mid-July it blooms with small lilac or purple flowers, some varieties have white flowers. Often used in rock gardens, rocky gardens, single and group plantings.

Purple

Varieties

Boskoop Ruby- variety early broom. A very decorative crop. Small green leaves are located on flexible and thin branches. The flowers are particularly beautiful. They are numerous. The flowers are red on the outside and pink with a purple tint in the center. Used as a very effective tapeworm, also used in rockeries, single and group plantings. The height of the Boskop Ruby can reach 2 meters. Flowering begins in April and lasts for a month.

Early broom Zeelandia is an unpretentious and ornamental shrub. The narrow leaves have a beautiful green color. The flowers are pink on the outside and pink with a peach tint on the inside. Loves warmth and sun. Requires shelter for the winter. Beautiful in alpine roller coaster, as well as in group and single plantings.

Allgold- This is another variety of an early species. Grows up to 1.5 meters. The crown can be up to 2 meters wide. The oblong or lanceolate leaves are light green in color. The yellow flowers have a strong aroma. Flowering occurs at the end of spring. The variety prefers sun and sandy soil. Early broom Algold is frost resistant. Can adapt to city conditions.

Lena is a spreading bush that grows up to 1.5 meters. It gains about 15 cm in height per year. Abundant flowering begins in May and ends in mid-June. The flowers are dark gold on the inside and red on the outside. Prefers sun and warmth winter time needs to be covered. Lena - coronal broom. Used in rocky and heather gardens. Grown in groups and singly.

Andreas Splendens- coronal broom. It measures about 1.5 meters in height and width. The flowers are bright yellow with brown edges. This is a sun-loving variety that is undemanding to soil. Blooms from May to June. Andrianus is used in rock gardens, group and single plantings.

Palette- This is a compact bush. Its height does not exceed 1.5 meters. The diameter of red-yellow flowers can reach 3 cm. This Dutch variety. Blooms from May to June. Very resistant to frost. Loves light and can grow even in poor soils. The variety is excellent for decoration garden plot, curbs. Grown in rocky gardens. Also suitable for growing in groups or alone.

Holland- spectacular decorative variety. Height no more than 1.5 meters. The spreading crown is also 1.5 meters wide. Carmine-colored flowers are very numerous. Abundant flowering lasts from April to May. This sun-loving variety is resistant to frost and city conditions. Great for decorating gardens, parks, single plantings and groups.

Holland

Albus- This is a variety of early broom. It features round and compact shapes. The height and width of the bush reaches 1.2 meters. The flowers are white with a yellow tint. Flowering begins in May and lasts until the end of June. The variety is resistant to frost.

Crown broom B Burkwoodii- a very bright elegant shrub. The height does not exceed two meters. Features colorful and abundant flowering. The flowers are red-coral with a golden border. The flowers are very numerous. They have a diameter of up to 3 cm. This is a sun-loving, frost-resistant and drought-resistant variety. Can grow in poor soils. Burkwoodie is great choice for decorating garden plots, looks great in rocky gardens and group plantings.

Burkwoody

Windlesham ruby- This is a bush up to 2 meters high. The upright shoots have oblong green leaves. The flowers are red. They bloom from April to May. The variety prefers warmth and lack of wind. Used in rock gardens, group plantings and individually.

Maria Burkwood- a shrub whose height and width reach 1.5 meters. The flowers are pink-purple in color. The variety loves sun and abundant watering. It is drought and frost resistant. Maria Barkwood is perfect for planting in rocky gardens, slopes. The varietal variety is suitable for group and solitary plantings. Flowering begins in May and ends in early June.

golden rain- a varietal variety of broom. This is a drought-resistant and sun-loving variety. Small flowers are yellow in color. Flowering begins in June and ends in July. The variety is excellent as a tapeworm, suitable for rock gardens, flower beds and heather gardens.

Firefly is a crown shrub that has a spherical shape. The height does not exceed 1.5 meters. It grows about 20 cm per year. Yellow flowers with a brown border grow along the entire length of long green shoots. The variety loves warmth and sun. For the winter, the bush needs to be covered. The variety is excellent in single and group plantings, rock gardens, and heather gardens.

Planting and transplanting

To plant broom, you need to choose a place. It should be open and warm. It is also very important that the bush is protected from the winds. It needs to be planted in April and May.

Broom is an undemanding shrub; many of its species can grow in poor soils. However for better flowering and good development requires choosing light, sandy soil. Acidity should be low or neutral.

Important! The plant should not be planted near bodies of water. Broom contains toxic substances that can cause harmful effects.

The soil should consist of:

Sand;
Earth;
Humus.

All components must be taken in a ratio of 2:1:1. If the soil is too poor, it would be a good idea to add mineral fertilizers.

Broom seedlings are planted in the ground at a distance of about 30 cm from each other.

How are seedlings planted?

Prepare a hole with substrate. Plant a seedling in it so that its root collar is at ground level;
It is necessary to prepare the drainage layer in advance. Its thickness (10-20 cm) depends on the quality of the soil. The heavier the soil, the thicker the drainage should be. Crushed brick or pebbles are suitable for drainage;
After planting, the seedling is covered with earth. Compact the earth around it and water it abundantly;
To better retain moisture, it is advisable to mulch the soil. This will also prevent the growth of weeds.

If necessary, you can replant the plant. For replanting, you need to use soil that includes:

Turf land;
Humus;
Sand.

Care and winter hardiness

Broom does not require much attention or special care, however, in order for the plant to feel comfortable, it is necessary to follow some rules of agricultural technology.

Watering should be plentiful, but not frequent. Because the crop is drought-resistant. At the same time, stagnation of moisture in the soil should not be allowed. If it rains often, then additional watering of the plant is not required.

One of the important measures is loosening the soil around the bush and weeding out weeds. There is no need to loosen the soil too deeply so as not to damage the roots of the broom. It is enough to loosen 10 cm deep. Loosening can be replaced by mulching the soil. Peat is used as mulch. The soil should be mulched no deeper than 5 cm.

Broom needs to be fed in spring and summer. In the spring, urea or another fertilizer that contains nitrogen is suitable as a top dressing. In summer, fertilizers that contain phosphorus and potassium are used. Wood ash is also suitable to stimulate the growth of shrubs. Feeding in the spring-summer period is required once every two weeks.

To form a crown, you do not need to trim the bush. Pruning is advisable only in summer, when flowering ends. This is important so that more young shoots with buds are formed.

Most varieties of broom have high resistance to frost, however, it is important to follow several rules so that the plant survives the winter well:

It is advisable to cover young shrubs for the winter;
Low-growing varieties need to be covered with spruce branches;
If the bush is tall, then it must be pressed to the ground using special brackets, and spruce branches should be placed on top or covered with dry leaves;
Adult specimens usually do not need shelter for the winter.

Care in the Moscow region

In the Moscow region, it is necessary to pick up broom just like in other areas. Firstly, you should choose varieties that tolerate frost well. Secondly, shrubs need to be covered for the winter. This is especially true for young specimens. It is advisable to use spruce branches as a material for shelter.

Otherwise, the rules of care do not change. It is necessary to plant broom in sunny and warm places where there is no wind. Water abundantly, waiting for the top layer of soil to dry, feed with mineral fertilizers in spring and summer, and regularly loosen the soil.

Reproduction

The plant can be propagated in two ways:

Seeds;
Vegetatively (by cuttings or layering).

Description of propagation by seed method:

Fill containers with soil. It should be light; sand and peat soil will do. Deepen the seeds into the soil to a depth of no more than 5 mm. Cover the crops with film. They need to be periodically ventilated and the soil moistened. Sowing must be done at the end of summer;
Place the container in a place where there is no sun. The temperature where the container is located should be about 20 degrees;
By spring the first shoots will appear. They need to be planted in separate pots. For picking, it is necessary to prepare a special substrate from turf soil, sand and humus. All components are taken in a ratio of 2:1:1;
After the seedlings are planted in open ground and take root successfully, pinching of the main shoot is required. This will ensure better branching of the bush.

To propagate by cuttings, after flowering it is necessary to cut off a sufficiently mature shoot that has at least three leaves. The cuttings should be planted in containers and covered with glass. They need to be ventilated and moistened periodically. Use the same soil as when growing from seeds. Rooted cuttings are planted in open ground in the spring.

For propagation by layering, lower branches are required. Which spread along the soil, bend them to the ground using special brackets. They need to be sprinkled with soil on top. It is important to constantly moisten the cuttings. When the cuttings are accepted, they must be separated from the mother bush and transplanted to a permanent place.

Broom in containers

Many heat-loving broom varieties can be grown in containers at home. At the same time, in summer time The plant can be taken out to the balcony, veranda or even into the yard, and taken into a warm room in the autumn-winter.

Variety ‘Burkwoodii’ in a pot.

Variety Allgold in container culture.

Application in landscape design

Broom is very often used for landscaping gardens and parks. It is perfect for different types of landscape design. The shrub looks good both in group and single plantings. But most often broom is used in creating rocky and heather gardens.

The shrub looks great against the backdrop of cereals and coniferous crops. Some varieties will decorate sandy slopes.

Composition of three types of broom.

;

Let us repeat, you cannot plant broom near ponds where fish live, since the toxic substances that the plant contains can have a detrimental effect on them.

Video review

A story from experts about how to grow broom correctly. Material from the video channel " Garden center Greensad. Emphasis is also placed on choosing the right variety, since not everyone will grow successfully in the Moscow region.

Completely dotted with small bright colors bush - this is what awaits those who plant broom. An unpretentious shrub, imported from Europe more than three centuries ago, is increasingly used for landscaping.

In addition to external beauty, there is also ease of care and the possibility of practical use.

Description of varieties

A perennial shrub, ranging in height from several tens of centimeters to more than two meters, is classified as a fairly frost-resistant species. Thanks to its unpretentiousness to the soil (sandstones), it has spread throughout the European part of Russia. It also grows in Western Siberia and Kazakhstan. In total, more than 70 species are known.

During the flowering period (the timing differs for different species, but on average - April - early June), the leaves are almost invisible, so it seems that the whole plant is a ball of flowers. Most plant species have a distinct, pleasant smell during flowering, and are also considered good honey plants. Among the most popular types it is worth noting:

Other types of broom are also used in decorative arts. The main guidelines are the growth of the bush and the color of the flowers.

Required care

The concept of caring for this shrub includes several important points, even if planting and caring for broom in the Moscow region is carried out correctly. The main thing is to plant it correctly. To do this, choose a sunny place away from natural or man-made bodies of water. The soil does not need special preparation, but drainage structures can be strengthened (sand, crushed stone), and a little fertilized with peat and humus.

The depth of the hole should be sufficient to completely cover the roots + 10 cm of the stem. If planting is carried out not with the help of cuttings, but with seeds, then it is worth covering them with soil 10-15 cm, watering them abundantly, maintaining a distance between planted brooms of at least 70 cm (except for creeping brooms).

The shrub will tolerate decorative pruning well, but gardeners advise doing only autumn cleaning. Remove a third of the shoots along the length to speed up the growth of young branches in the spring. Leading shoots can be removed to increase branching.

Plant propagation

The bush can be propagated by seeds and cuttings. They do not differ much in the quality of rooting. In the case of a cutting, the “colored” result will be visible faster, in addition, it will be easier to understand which species is in your hands.

Gardeners themselves can collect seeds at the end of the growing season and make cuttings. It is better to plant seeds in the fall, and use cuttings in the summer, after the end of the flowering season.

On nutrient-poor soils, fertilizing with urea and organic matter may be appropriate. It is inappropriate to use it more often than 2 times a year. Wood ash can stimulate faster growth of broom.

Loosening the soil is necessary on poorly drained soils, but it should not be too deep (up to 15 cm). The plant only needs watering under extremely dry conditions.

The natural enemies of broom are some insects - moths and moths. Treatment with insecticides will help save you from them. Brooms are also susceptible to fungal diseases, in the fight against which copper sulfate works well.

Areas of use of broom

The plant is used in many areas of everyday life and narrow professional activity. In woodworking, broom serves as a natural dye or as small decorative elements furniture. It was also used to give fabric a yellow color.

In traditional medicine, the seeds of the shrub are more often used because they contain large amounts of cytisine. Traditional healers use the whole plant, but note that one should be careful with the concentration. In large doses, broom can become poisonous, which is why it is not planted near bodies of water so that the water does not acquire the properties of the plant.

Harvesting broom for medicinal purposes is carried out in two stages: during the flowering period, the flowers are collected and dried, and at the end of the growing season, the seeds are collected. With the help of broom they treat:

ENT diseases;
asthma;
varicose veins;
heart failure;
diarrhea;
swelling (as a result of problems with blood vessels);
gout;
painkiller.

IN folk medicine They practice using broom in the form of decoctions and infusions. Active influence on the human respiratory centers with the substance cytisine is used to relieve asthma attacks, sometimes when breathing stops completely.

So far, the most common use of the plant is “ decorative finishing» plots. Considering the special beauty of the plant during flowering and its unpretentiousness, it is used in stone gardens to strengthen sandy slopes.

Creeping broom is also used in alpine slides along with ground cover roses to create a complete composition. Tall shrubs can be used both as a single planting and when creating tiered composition both in open ground and in containers.

Dimensions dwarf plants allow you to grow them in pots. Experts do not recommend keeping broom indoors, but it will look good on the veranda and will not harm your health.

Broom is widely used to decorate a “living fence”, where it simultaneously plays the role of both a decorative element and an additional living ball for impenetrability. Brooms are used to decorate city parks and recreation areas, since the plant tolerates urban living conditions well and helps purify the air.

In single or group plantings, brooms can be combined with conifers, cereals, and other types of shrubs. Proper care will allow you to get amazing beauty in any area.

After proper planting, broom requires minimal care. For cultivation you can choose unpretentious plant to your taste. Numerous varieties differ in inflorescence color, size and winter hardiness.

Description, types and varieties

Broom is a genus of shrubs and low trees of the Legume family. The trifoliate green leaves are oval in shape, and there are varieties with spines. In May or June, white, pink, yellow, red, white-yellow or purple inflorescences appear. They decorate the plant for about a month; cool weather promotes longer flowering. Flowers original form, similar to moths, many species have a specific aroma. After flowering, flat bean fruits are formed, which crack when ripe and release shiny kidney-shaped seeds.

The extensive family includes about 50 plant species, among which there are deciduous and evergreen representatives with different winter hardiness.

Russian broom- a beautiful small shrub with slightly curved or erect branches. The shoots have oval gray-green leaves and thorns. The yellow flowers are large, arranged in 3-5 pieces. in the leaf axils.
crown broom- a beautiful deciduous shrub with thin green shoots up to 3 m high. The leaves are oblong or oval shaped and arranged alternately. Light yellow flowers are arranged singly or in pairs in the axils of the leaves, their diameter is about 2 cm. After flowering, a bean fruit with several seeds is formed. Widely cultivated in regions of Europe with mild climates, it can withstand frosts down to -20 degrees.
Early broom is a shrub more than a meter high, with a dense crown. The leaves are light green in color; bright yellow flowers with a pungent odor appear in May. The roots are close to the surface of the earth. Frost resistance is high.
Kyus broom- popular in Europe dwarf variety with trifoliate leaves and yellowish-white flowers. It reaches a height of 0.3 m and a width of 2 m. Thanks to small sizes it is easier to cover with the arrival of frost, so it can be grown in the middle climate zone.

Broom raceme is mainly grown as houseplant, often used in winter gardens and greenhouses. The length of the gray-green leaves is about 2 cm, the golden-yellow flowers are collected in racemes. The plant needs abundant watering during flowering and bright lighting.

Another species for indoor floriculture is Canarian broom. Because of rapid growth the flower needs shaping: pinching in the spring and radical pruning after flowering.

Reproduction

It is not difficult to obtain new broom specimens; you can use different breeding methods.

Seeds.

Often, seeds that have fallen into the ground on their own germinate not far from the broom. However, it will not be possible to obtain many plants at once in this way, and seed propagation will take time. Typically, seed material is pre-stratified for two months, and sowing is carried out in the spring. First, prepare the soil using a mixture of peat and sand in equal proportions. Seeds are planted to a depth of 5-6 mm, at a distance of about 5 cm from each other. The container is transferred to a room with a temperature of about +20 degrees without access to direct sunlight. Regularly water and spray the plantings. Plants are planted in separate pots when they have 2-3 true leaves. Over time, they are transplanted several times into larger containers. The work is carried out carefully, trying not to damage the earthen ball with roots. Root damage is bad for the health of young plants. For older specimens, turf soil, humus and sand are used as soil in a ratio of 4:2:1. Shoots are pinched in the spring to achieve a denser crown. The plant first blooms at the age of about three years, when it reaches a height of about 50cm.

By cuttings.

For such propagation, semi-lignified shoots with 3-4 leaves are used. Rooting in a mixture of peat and sand is carried out in the summer. The shoots are covered with glass or plastic film and grown at a temperature of about 18-20 degrees Celsius. Young plants are regularly ventilated and sprayed. It will take a little more than a month for rooting to take place. After the roots appear, the cuttings are planted in pots with a diameter of approximately 8 cm and grown in a cool room until spring.

By layering.

You can root the branches of an adult broom located close to the soil surface. To do this, they are fixed lower, and then the trunk is sprinkled with earth. Regularly moisten the area around the cuttings. On next year the plant with roots is separated from the mother bush and replanted.

Vaccination against beanweed.

This method of propagation requires special skills; it is usually used to propagate varietal broom species.

All parts of the plant contain toxic substances, such as cytisine. For this reason, broom is not planted near bodies of water where fish live. When working with broom, take precautions: wear gloves, wash your hands and tools thoroughly after any action.

How to plant broom correctly?

When purchasing a hybrid form of a plant, it is preferable to take mature bushes 3-4 years old with a closed root system. The most favorable time for planting broom is April or May. Drainage made of pebbles or broken bricks. Its height varies from 10 cm on light sandy soils to 20 cm on heavy soil. When planting, maintain an average interval of about 40 cm between neighboring specimens, depending on the species. The root collar is placed at ground level. The plant is placed in the hole and covered with soil. The soil in the tree trunk circle is compacted and watered. After the work, the tree trunk circle is mulched with peat or soil 4 cm high.

Features of cultivation

If simple conditions are met, you can admire the beautiful plant for many years.

Choosing a location.

Broom prefers light areas with shade from direct sunlight in the intense midday heat and protection from cold winds.

Soil.

The soil needs to be light, with high moisture permeability. In heavy soil, it is advisable to add sand and rotted leaf soil. The plant will like low or neutral soil acidity. The main elements of soil: earth, sand and humus in a ratio of 1:2:1.

Watering.

Broom does not tolerate stagnation of water and waterlogging, so it is not additionally watered during regular rainfall.

In the warm season, the shrub will appreciate high humidity, it is advisable to spray it. Do this in the evening or morning, avoiding water getting on the leaves in hot sunny weather. In autumn-winter, spraying and watering in open ground are not carried out.

Routine care.

Regularly remove weeds from the broom area. Loosening is carried out to a depth of no more than 10-12 cm, so as not to damage the root system. A good alternative to such a traumatic procedure would be mulching. tree trunk circles a layer of peat 5 cm thick.

The growth vigor of broom is moderate. Pinching the tips of young shoots in the spring will help to form a lush crown and avoid exposure. After flowering, the branches are shortened by half. When trimming old wood do not remove, this procedure weakens the plant.

Feeding.

At the beginning of the growing season, urea is added (about 25 g per 10 liters of water), during the period of active summer growth it is fed with complex mineral fertilizer and wood ash (200 g for each bush).

Low temperature protection.

Young specimens (up to three years of age) and hybrid forms of the plant have low winter hardiness. In severe frosts, the above-ground part up to the root collar can freeze completely. Shelters made of spruce branches or dry leaves in late autumn, before the cold weather, will help prevent the loss of the plant. Large branches are pressed to the ground with slats or secured in another way.

Diseases and pests

Treatment with iron or copper sulfate before the start of the growing season will save you from black spot. In summer, additionally spray with “Fundazol” or Bordeaux mixture. The same measures will help get rid of powdery mildew.

Growing in a container

In indoor floriculture, heat-loving varieties and types of broom are grown. Small specimens are placed in flower pots of the appropriate size. For large plants, wooden tubs and large containers are used.

In summer, it is useful to take indoor brooms outside, protecting them from drafts and strong gusts of wind. They are placed near the eastern or western parts of the room, regularly watered and sprayed. From November to the end of February, the flower needs a pronounced dormant period with a gradual decrease in temperature to 8-10 degrees Celsius. Without this condition, the plant gets sick. Watering in autumn-winter period carried out very rarely, spraying is stopped.

During the period of active growth, fertilize indoor brooms with complex mineral fertilizer. After flowering, the shoots are shortened. Transplantation is carried out if the roots of the plant are completely filled flower pot. A layer of expanded clay is placed at the bottom, and a little lime is added to the soil of turf soil, humus and sand (proportion 4:2:1).

In nature, the unpretentious broom grows on poor rocky soils and forest edges. IN landscape design it looks great as a single plant, and in group plantings it harmonizes with representatives coniferous species, ground cover perennials, and juniper. The plant does well on various slopes, in rocky gardens and in large containers.

Broom is considered a symbol of spiritual and physical well-being and purification. The flower is able to enliven the area with its modest beauty and bright flowers with minimal care.

Broom (Citius, Zharnovets paniculata) is a spreading shrub or low tree. The height of the plant without pruning ranges from half a meter to three. The stems are smooth, covered with bright green bark, and become woody over time. The bark may have short fluff or silvery streaks. Young shoots of broom are flexible, bending to the ground under the weight of leaves and flowers.

The broom genus is represented by evergreen and deciduous species. The leaves are short-petioled, attached alternately, and the color is bright green. The leaf blade consists of three oval-shaped lobes; the apical leaves can be joined together. The length of miniature leaves is 3-4 cm.

When does broom bloom?

Usually the flowering period begins in May-June, but there are earlier specimens in which the flowers appear even before the leaves. Flowering lasts a month. The buds have a characteristic spongy shape and exude a pleasant aroma. The calyx can be bell-shaped or tubular, together with the petals it is 2-3 cm long. A small column with an ovary and stamens is hidden under the petals. The flowers are collected in racemose inflorescences, which are located in the axils of the leaves along the entire length of the shoot. The color of the buds can be cream, white, pink, sunny yellow.

Broom is a representative of the Legume family. At the end of flowering, pods with flattened, small beans are formed. The ripe pod opens on its own and the seeds scatter on the surface of the soil.

Central Europe is considered the birthplace of broom. Found in Western Asia and northern Africa.

Fragrant shrubs can be grown in gardens and indoors.

Virulence

Be careful when caring for it, as the plant contains harmful substances (alkaloids), which in large doses can lead to breathing difficulties. Wear gloves, wash your hands thoroughly, access of children and animals to the plant must be limited.

Growing broom from seeds

The plant can be propagated by seed and vegetative methods (cuttings, rooting of layering).

Corona broom Cytisus scoparius

Varieties:

Burkwoodi broom - flowers of a scarlet hue have a border in the form of a narrow plane of yellow color.
Broom Andreanus Splendens – yellow-red streaks on the petals.
broom Lena - scarlet petals are decorated with longitudinal stripes of a dark golden hue.

Creeping broom Cytisus decumbens

Shoots about 20 cm long spread along the surface of the ground. The stems are ribbed, green, and pubescent. The oval or lanceolate leaves are dark green, the lower part of the leaf blade is covered with thick hairs. In the axils of the leaves there are paniculate inflorescences consisting of small yellow flowers.

Early broom Cytisus praecox

The spreading bush reaches a height of 1-1.5 m. The shoots are arched, densely covered with leaves and flowers of a bright yellow color.

Boskop Ruby - differs in the color of the petals: the inner part is painted in a pink-purple hue, the outer part is ruby.

Allgold – bright yellow flowers appear before the leaves.

Cytisus kewensis

A compact bush about 30 cm high. The shoots are creeping, the leaves are trifoliate. The flowers are large and milky white with a yellowish tint.

Protuberant broom Cytisus emeriflorus

Shrub about 60 cm high. Leaves are small, trifoliate. Large flowers of bright yellow color hang on long stalks.

Common broom Cytisus aggregatus

The height of the bush is 30-50 cm, the diameter of the bush reaches 80 cm. The color of the flowers is yellow.

Cytisus elongatus

The bush reaches a height of 1.5 m. The leaves are trifoliate and pubescent. The flowers are colored yellow-golden.

Sessile broom Cytisus sessilifolius

The height of the bush is 1.3-1.5 meters. The leaves are trifoliate with pointed tips. Flowers of bright yellow color are collected in loose racemes.

Black broom Cytisus nigricans

Zinger's broom Cytisus zingerii

Shoots about 1 m high have golden pubescence and are densely leafy. The leaf blades are trifoliate, light green. During the flowering period, 1-2 yellow flowers appear from the leaf axils.

The best broom varieties with photos and names

Red broom variety Boskoop Ruby Cytisus Boskoop Ruby

Up to two meters high, with beautiful ruby-red flowers. Needs sanitary and formative pruning and timely watering. Frost-resistant variety, with early flowering, starting from the first ten days of May.

Albus broom Cytisus praecox Albus

The variety is up to 1.2 m high. Prefers open, well-lit places and light sandy soils. Blooms in May-June. Frost-resistant variety that does not require shelter for the winter.

Broom Andreanus Cytisus Andreanus

Reaches a height of 1.5 m, blooms in May-June with dense inflorescences of yellow-scarlet flowers. Excellent honey plant, grows on any soil, including rocky and nutrient-poor soils. Prefers open, illuminated areas.

Decorative properties and beneficial properties of broom

Broom can be used to decorate rooms and gardens. On the site they are beautiful in solo and group plantings. Bushes planted in a row will create a hedge. Large boulders look natural near the broom thickets. Coniferous trees, lilies of the valley, lavender, and antennaria will be good neighbors.

Zharnovets paniculata is an excellent honey plant and has medicinal properties. Preparation of infusion: 1 tsp. crushed broom paniculate, pour 0.5 liters of cold boiled water and leave in a warm place for 1 hour. Then strain. Take 1 tsp after meals. twice a day. Indications: tuberculosis, jaundice, liver disease, heart and headache, pain in the sacral region, coughing attacks. Before treatment, be sure to consult your doctor. Do not take if you have an individual intolerance, during menstruation or pregnancy.