The most responsible design in wooden house and in the bathhouse it’s the ceiling. The arrangement of the ceiling should be approached with special attention. Since our school days, we have known the law according to which heat rises, in which case if the ceiling is made hastily, then the heat loss will be incommensurate with the family budget.

In this article, we will look at how to insulate a ceiling so that heat is retained in a wooden house or in a bathhouse, but condensation does not accumulate. Technology must be based on certain principles. Firstly, it is quite important for us to preserve thermal energy in the building. Secondly, there is a need to protect the attic area from moisture. Thirdly, provide for the formation of condensation on the ceiling if we apply our advice when constructing a ceiling in a bathhouse.

Ceiling device

Before we begin to disassemble the types of ceiling construction, we will determine a list of materials that are not recommended for use in the construction of attic space. In the competent selection of materials for the ceiling, we will immediately discard the fairly popular materials plastic, fiberboard and plywood. This is explained by the fact that, for example, plastic tends to accumulate condensation, which will have a destructive effect on wooden floor. Plywood sheets and fiberboard can be used to insulate the ceiling in a wooden house, but it is categorically not recommended in a bathhouse, since such material becomes deformed when wet. Of course, you can avoid getting wet by covering the plywood or fiberboard with drying oil or paint, but, for example, in a bathhouse, the coatings will become toxic when exposed to heat.

Basic load-bearing element the ceiling of the building is beams. The material used to make beams is coniferous species. The ends of the beams rest against the walls. The spacing of the beams directly depends on the cross-section of the elements used. Beams in walls must be sealed. The need for sealing is that during the heating season, warm air, in contact with the sealing sockets of the beams, can cause condensation, which leads to. The ends of the beams must be cut at a bevel.

The boards rest on the bars, which are nailed to the side edges along the length of the beams. The shields take on the entire load from the insulation layers. Ceilings are attached to them from below in the ceilings. Such a ceiling consists of waterproofing, beams, anchors and cranial bars. Roofing felt can be used as waterproofing. Next is the ceiling lining and reel panels.

Rolling boards are perpendicular boards that are made of. Such shields are prepared in advance by drawing up a plan for their layout on the floor, where their dimensions are taken into account. Next, the boards are marked according to the plan, and the finished rolling shield is laid on the cranial bars. Between the shield and the beams it is necessary to maintain gaps of about one centimeter. Bottom surfaces load-bearing beams and the roll-up shield must be in the same plane. For further exploitation shields are treated with protective agents. Coating is applied to the roll-up shields for fire protection. Next, a vapor barrier is stuffed, for example, glassine or roofing felt, and the ceiling is insulated with a layer of insulation. Mineral wool sheets can serve as insulation for the ceiling.

Let's consider the type of ceiling installation without an attic, which includes a vapor barrier device, then we hem the ceiling boards and beams. Then we strengthen the insulation and make rolled sheathing. Atticless ceilings are most often found in private housing construction - in bathhouses. The ceilings have an identical design to the ceilings in wooden houses, but instead of external cladding there is a roof.

Types of ceilings

Ceilings in a bathhouse and in a wooden house should be done only after complete device roofs. Otherwise, the wooden ceiling will be exposed, which contributes to fairly rapid rotting of the wood. For the installation of ceilings, wood that has a low resin content is used. Wood of this type has resistance to temperatures, low thermal conductivity and good sound-absorbing properties.

There are three types wooden ceilings: hemmed, floor and panel.

The false ceiling is arranged in this way: the beams laid on the walls are hemmed from below with boards. It is necessary to lay a vapor barrier in two layers between the ceiling boards and the attic lining. Glassine or roofing material is used as a vapor barrier. The insulation is laid on a vapor barrier. You can safely move on such a ceiling without disturbing the heat and waterproofing layers thanks to their protection by flooring made of boards.

A floor ceiling can be installed either with or without floor beams. If beams are not used, then the ramp or flooring boards are laid directly on. After installing the flooring boards, they are covered with a vapor barrier. For vapor barrier, you can use roofing felt, foil or glassine. The vapor barrier is then covered with a layer of soft insulation; peat is often used as such a material. We cover the insulation layer on top with a slab, which we fasten to the beams with nails. For these purposes, you can use and. However, it is better to cover the backfill with fireproof slabs. The solution for the manufacture of such slabs is prepared from the following ingredients: 1 part sawdust is mixed with 0.3 part cement, 4 parts clay and 2 parts water are added. From this solution, slabs are formed with a length equal to the pitch of the beams, a width of 30 cm, and a thickness of 2 cm.

It is worth considering that the floor ceiling is made in small rooms, which are no more than 2.5 m wide in span. Such ceilings are installed in buildings with.

Panel ceiling The easiest way to do it is in a bathhouse. In the installation of such a ceiling, deaf wall panels factory production. The panels are laid on pre-nailed support bars along the lower edges of the beams, between the beams. The panel ceiling is thermally insulated and insulated according to the same principles and with the same materials as previous types of ceilings. In addition, a layer of tow is applied to the walls before laying the panels. External seams are sewn with boards.

An ancient way to insulate a ceiling

Using the old method of insulation, the ceiling is assembled from sheet piles no less than 4 cm thick and dry boards. During installation, cracks are inevitably revealed, which are covered from the attic with a thick mixture of sand-free clay. After the clay in the cracks has completely dried, the entire surface of the ceiling is covered with a solution up to six centimeters thick of clay and sand. Next, when the entire surface layer has dried, cover it with a layer of dry sand at least 10 cm thick.

The principle of operation of such a ceiling device is that moisture, condensing in a layer of clay, is retained there. At the same time, the clay gets wet and does not release condensation onto the ceiling. When the external and internal microclimate changes (for example, with the onset of a warm period of the year), the clay dries out and normalizes air humidity. When using this method to insulate the ceiling in a bathhouse, the clay retains heat in it.

Modern methods of ceiling insulation

Modern ceiling insulation processes, which are more likely to apply to ceilings in a bathhouse than in a wooden house, are based on two principles. The first principle talks about shock absorption and moisture accumulation under the ceiling. The second principle concerns more bath rooms, it speaks of thermal insulation, more effective than in a sauna, where protection from moisture of adjacent rooms is necessary.

Regarding wooden baths, it is not uncommon for craftsmen to insulate the ceilings of adjacent rooms in a bathhouse in the same way as in saunas. There is only one result - the steam room does not save steam, but this problem lies not only in ventilation ducts, but also in ceiling insulation technology.

For example, let's consider the technology of steam and thermal insulation of log houses and log baths offered by books on construction topics. It is recommended to sheathe ceilings with blocks no less than 6 cm thick. A vapor barrier material is placed on top. This material can be aluminum foil, wax paper, or high-density cardboard impregnated with drying oil. The entire area of ​​the vapor barrier material is covered with soft clay, which does not allow mice to breed. If people walk on the ceiling, we will replace the clay and sand screed with boards. Next, insulation is laid, the thickness of which should not be less than 15 cm. This insulation can be chosen from: earth; sawdust impregnated with clay; expanded clay; sand or mineral thermal insulation materials. Special attention worth paying attention to the chimney pipe: taking into account the requirements fire safety, it is necessary to maintain a distance from the pipe to the ceiling boards of at least 25 cm, and the adjacent edges of the boards must be wrapped with asbestos sheet.

From the same book options for insulation from Bukharkin and Sosnin, we will consider the stages of a different method of installing a ceiling. In this option, a solid ceiling made of tongue-and-groove boards 2.5 cm thick is suspended from beams with a section of 20x20. The water resistance of the boards is ensured by a double layer of drying oil. Boards with moisture gaps are laid along the beams, which are necessary when the material becomes wet from steam. Next lay a layer reinforced foil, which is considered the most suitable material in this case. Then, for insulation, they are backfilled with 20 cm of sand or a layer of slag.

The methods of insulating the ceiling in a wooden house or in a log bath that we have considered are only a small part variety of options arrangement. You can choose other materials for covering, thermal insulation and backfilling, but in this case it is worth taking into account not only personal wishes, but also the climatic features of the development region.

A sauna or bathhouse is a type of room in which it is necessary to provide a fairly high temperature, and most importantly, to preserve the achieved microclimate for a certain time. In order to achieve this effect and understand how to properly insulate a bathhouse or sauna, you need to study some common truths. How can warm air leak from a bathhouse? Mainly three options are considered:

• leakage of warm air through cracks in the ceiling;
• exchange of heat from already heated objects with cold ones;
• intersection of homogeneous barriers by heat flows of air.

If you lay a thermal insulation layer in the ceiling structure in a bathhouse, you can cope with all three aspects, provided that the insulation process is carried out correctly. If mistakes are made, this can lead to the formation of condensation. In this case, you will have to spend more energy resources to heat the bath or sauna.

Methods of thermal insulation of a bathhouse ceiling

Many steam lovers are wondering how to insulate a bathhouse or sauna. There are several ways, both using modern materials and those materials that our great-grandfathers used. The process of modern insulation is simpler, but not all materials are affordable. Of course, you will have to tinker with traditional methods of insulation, but the costs are much lower and the materials used are environmentally friendly. If preference is given to modern material, then it should be taken into account that it cheap types They are not suitable for insulating baths. When heated, they begin to release toxic substances, and in the vicinity of the furnace, they generally begin to melt. Such materials include polystyrene foam and polystyrene foam. It is not recommended to use glass wool for insulation of baths. We will present several options for proper insulation of the ceiling of a bathhouse or sauna, and leave the choice to the consumers.

"Layer Pie"

When installing insulation for a bathhouse of the “ layer cake» use the following materials:

• waterproofing film;
• basalt wool;
• aluminum foil.

In this case, the foil acts as a material for arranging a vapor barrier for the bathhouse ceiling. Next a layer is laid basalt wool. The thickness of the layer depends on several factors: climatic conditions, type of roof and the purpose of the room. The average thickness of the insulation is about 20 cm. If we talk about the ceiling in the sauna, then here the thickness of the insulation layer can be increased. The final layer of this “pie” is waterproofing. It protects the insulation from external climatic factors.

Thermal insulation using mineral wool

One of modern methods thermal insulation devices for the ceiling of a bathhouse or steam room - this is the use mineral wool. This method is suitable for different designs bathhouse roofs both with and without an attic compartment. Moreover, it does not entail very large costs. Before you begin the process of insulating the bath, you need to process everything wooden elements antiseptic agents. Then the work is performed in the following sequence:

In the attic section, a subfloor is made, that is, unedged or used boards are used. This will protect the insulation layer with waterproofing from accidental mechanical damage. You can view the information in more detail in the video.

Traditional methods of insulating a bathhouse ceiling

Baths have existed since ancient times. Our ancestors knew for sure how to insulate a bathhouse from the inside. They used improvised materials, which cost very little in our time, and at the same time they are environmentally friendly. Of course, compared to modern materials, installing insulation using traditional methods requires more labor.

Sawdust and clay

To insulate the ceiling of a bathhouse that has an attic compartment, you can use materials such as sawdust, clay and sand. The insulation process is arranged in the following order:

Make sure that the sawdust is dry. Therefore, it is better to take them from a carpentry shop, since they use wood with a low moisture content. In the old days, about 3 cm of ash was poured on top of the sawdust layer.

Expanded clay

To insulate a steam room or sauna, it is better to use expanded clay. This type of material has high thermal insulation properties, but has a significant drawback. Expanded clay absorbs moisture very easily. Therefore, using expanded clay, you should provide a very high-quality vapor barrier on the side of the room. A layer of expanded clay up to 30 cm thick is poured on top of it, and then waterproofing is provided.

Here you can also use the earth, or you can modern materials. If you plan to use the attic, you should install a flooring made of boards to reduce the area of ​​pressure on the ceiling when walking.

Conclusion

As you can see, the process of insulating the ceiling is very important point. The choice of thermal insulation methods is quite wide. Starting from cheap ones and ending with modern expensive ones. What to choose is up to the bathhouse owners to decide.

Relaxing in the bathhouse is a heavenly pleasure for connoisseurs of such procedures! Abundant steam, the aroma of herbs, goosebumps after a “massage” with a birch broom, bliss from the contrasting contact with ice water- all this turns a trip to the bathhouse into a holiday and even more: some fans of the steam say that they feel as if they were born again, recharged with energy, and lost at least a dozen years. Meanwhile, such a holiday is easy to ruin. Drafts, cold, ice drops falling from the ceiling - who would like that?! And what can we say about the health risks when a vacation can end with a severe cold. Don’t tempt fate, find something to insulate the ceiling of the bathhouse so that steam treatments will benefit your health and mood, and the structure will serve for many years.

Insulation of ceilings: historical background

Now we can choose the best way to insulate the bathhouse ceiling, but previously the “range” of such materials was limited. In Soviet times, the role of insulation was mainly natural raw materials, for example, earth, sawdust, tow moss and other materials with low specific gravity. Nowadays, bathhouse owners rarely use such insulation, as they have a number of disadvantages:

• quickly begin to rot;
• become a haven for all kinds of pests (rodents, insects, etc.);
• short-lived.

Of course, it cannot be said that natural raw materials are unsuitable. But before insulating the ceiling in a bathhouse with such materials, you need to weigh the pros and cons. What can be said in favor natural insulation materials?

• price, which sometimes approaches zero, since you can find raw materials in household or ask a neighbor in the area;
• environmental friendliness, which creates a healthy microclimate in the room.

Only you can decide whether the advantages outweigh the disadvantages, meanwhile, if you have a financial gap in your budget, then this is certainly an option, even if it is temporary.

To build and properly equip a bathhouse, you will have to work hard, but you are ready to work, aren’t you?!

Why insulation the old fashioned way is inferior to the modern approach

Increasingly, steam lovers, when deciding how best to insulate the ceiling in a bathhouse, give preference to artificial materials. Why is this happening? Check out the long list of pros:

• durability;
• high level of sound insulation;
• ease of installation/use;
• safety (artificial raw materials are less susceptible to fire than natural ones);
• ability to retain heat well;
• no rotting;
• light weight.

Worth paying attention! How to insulate the ceiling of a bathhouse, which is used extremely rarely? Experts say that in this case, you can limit yourself to small expenses and a non-labor-intensive process of work, namely: lay a layer of roofing felt over the ceiling, then cover it with a layer of insulation - any kind (even free raw materials, for example, earth or sawdust, will do).

It's not that difficult to insulate a room, right?

Artificial materials for ceiling insulation

How and with what to insulate the ceiling of a bathhouse from the outside, relying on modern technologies? What materials does the market offer today? What is the difference between the raw materials and what does it consist of? Let us discuss such issues in detail.

If you want to protect the ceiling primarily from moisture, then best option raw materials - mineral wool, which is capable of taking on 2 missions: insulation and a kind of “umbrella”. Of course, because it is made from the most reliable substances, including basalt, limestone, diabase and dolomite.

Experts say that the most heat-resistant mineral wool is made from rocks. This material not only protects from cold and moisture, but is also fireproof, which, you see, is important for a structure made of wood, which is usually the case with bathhouses. In addition, this type of wool is durable, you won’t have to redo everything in a couple of years.

Mineral wool: will not allow rain, snow or wind to pass through

Ecowool

The main competitor of mineral wool for a number of reasons: it is cheaper, environmentally friendly, and saves heat better. Meanwhile, there is one “but” – the presence of special equipment on the farm. Of course, you can buy it to carry out work, but then you will lose significantly in cost.

What does ecowool consist of? These are wood fibers obtained from recycling waste paper and treated with a mixture of special antiseptics.

Foam plastic

Lightweight not only in weight, but also during installation, foam plastic is a plastic derivative obtained by foaming the material. Perhaps the biggest drawback of foam plastic is its bulk, but this problem can easily be solved by cutting a large plate into pieces, especially since the material is cut perfectly.

It should be noted that polystyrene foam is actually universal insulation, because it “gets along” on any surface, making it not only smooth, but also water-, noise-, heat- and dust-proof.

Each of us is familiar with polystyrene foam, since childhood, isn’t it?!

Penoizol

This material is essentially the same polystyrene foam, but in a liquid state, so it is much more convenient to transport and install (even the smallest cracks can be sealed), but, alas, you need, as in the case of ecowool, to have special equipment, but the penoizol itself costs mere pennies.

Penoizol is a cheap and reliable material, but requires the use of appropriate equipment

Stereo fiber

A popular and inexpensive insulation material that sells off the shelves of hardware stores with a bang. Meanwhile, the main advantages of this material are lightness and sound insulation. But it still needs to be additionally prepared for moisture and cold - take care of a reliable water-repellent coating. If you are ready for a whole range of work, purchase fiberglass.

This is important to know! It happens that you are sure that the roof is waterproof, but an icy shower starts from the ceiling during bath procedures. How to explain this? It's simple. Even if the roof is intact, but not insulated enough, the steam, rising upward, will turn into droplets, naturally cold. These are the laws of physics. Meanwhile, an ice-cold shower in the steam room is not so bad. If the ceiling is always wet, then mold and mildew will sooner or later “eat” your bathhouse. Now do you understand how important it is to fix problems before they turn into trouble?!

Here comes the fiberglass. Handle it with gloves to protect your skin

Crazy hands: a master class from the people

“This is all good, but is it possible to learn the special secrets of avid bath attendants, home-grown builders and DIY craftsmen?” – you naturally ask. Of course, a person is not guided by science alone, because sometimes everyday ingenuity even contradicts it. So let's talk about folk ways insulation of the ceiling in the bathhouse, or rather the cheapest and easiest, according to the “self-taught masters”.

Materials and tools

So, what materials should you get hold of in order to “cheaply and cheerfully” insulate the ceiling?

• clay;
• straw;
• sawdust;
• water;
• containers;
• plywood;
• foil;
• slats;
• screws, nails;
• tools.

Agree, almost all of these materials can be easily found in the barn or asked from neighbors, for whom such raw materials are simply garbage?!

The abundance of choice of materials for insulation amazes the eye, how not to make a mistake in choosing? Now you will find out all the pros and cons

Step by step instructions

So, we've prepared necessary materials? It's time to get down to business:

That’s it, your bathhouse will now be warm, dry and cozy, and the room will retain its magnificent appearance for a long time. You can invite guests and share that you are a real owner and an expert in the field of bath “affairs”!

Video fragment of ceiling insulation in a bathhouse

Now you know how to insulate the ceiling and how to do it without much expense.

The bathhouse is not only a place for washing. This is a place where you can simultaneously enjoy water procedures and heat, activate the immune system, metabolic processes, cause accelerated cleansing of the body from waste and toxins.

If the bathhouse is poorly insulated, then a large amount of heat will simply go to nowhere, and it turns out that energy is wasted. It is clear that It’s better to perform high-quality insulation once than to deal with the consequences later. After all, if there is no insulating layer on the floor beams, then they will simply get wet from condensation and quickly collapse.

Insulation is carried out using the most different materials. Insulating a bathhouse ceiling with clay- an old and inexpensive option.

This technology has been used for hundreds of years, and therefore it has been worked out to the smallest detail, which allows you to carry out insulation yourself without special training or construction skills.

Methods

The easiest way Insulation with clay begins with covering the ceiling with boards. Their minimum thickness should be 4 cm, but it is better if it is 6 cm. Before carrying out work, the boards must be dried well. Under no circumstances should you paint or varnish boards, because many paints and varnishes high temperature they are simply not adapted and under its influence they can begin to release toxic resins and polyesters into the space.

At all It is better not to use chemicals in the bath, unless you intend to constantly inhale its destructive fumes.

After completing the sheathing, you must carefully and carefully cover the gaps between the boards with clay and wait for it to dry completely.

The next stage begins with preparing a mixture of sand and clay, which should be quite thick. All boards laid on the ceiling are covered with this mixture. The thickness of the layer should be at least 5-7 cm. Next, you should wait until the layer is completely dry, and this can take quite a lot of time. A thick layer of sand is laid on the dried clay.

Then the ceiling is impregnated first with liquid steam and then with dry steam. The clay, accordingly, first gets wet, and then finally dries and acquires the ability to retain the heat of your bath for many years.

To ensure that the insulated ceiling retains its heat-insulating properties for as long as possible, there must be ventilation in the attic. The simplest and at the same time reliable way creating ventilation - two windows opposite each other.

Another way consists of insulation with several layers of clay with intermediate layers of sawdust or expanded clay. In order to prepare the clay, it is slightly moistened and thoroughly mixed with straw until smooth. The straw is pre-chopped. The final consistency should be similar to soft plasticine or mortar, which is used in laying brick walls.

The clay layer will again be 5-8 cm. After application, it must be carefully smoothed. Seal the perimeter of the ceiling requires special care. The clay will dry in 20-30 days, provided that the outside temperature is above zero. After drying, cracks may appear. This is normal. You can apply another thinner clay layer to the cracks, and cover it with sawdust, expanded clay or wood chips on top.

When building a bathhouse, you need to pay attention to the insulation of the structure. If heat constantly leaks out, it will not be possible to create the desired temperature in the steam room.

Many people believe that we can limit ourselves to insulating the walls and floor. But the heated air becomes lighter, rises and penetrates through the ceiling and roof. Insulating the bathhouse ceiling will help stop heat loss. You can carry out the installation yourself, and in the future you will not spend money on heating the air around the house. Insulating structures will not allow heat to dissipate.

Why is the ceiling insulated?

Warm air always rises, so insulation is very important. Click on photo to enlarge.

We have already mentioned that warm air accumulates in the upper part of the room.

If the ceiling and roof slopes are not insulated, the heat melts the snow on the building.

Cold and humid air penetrates into the room along the foundation walls.

The design of the ceilings in the bathhouse must be such that it can support the weight of the insulating structure.

It is also important that the ceiling materials are not damaged by moisture.

After all, there is always high humidity in the bathhouse.

Well, the last requirement is that the ceiling must not allow heat to pass through.

What kind of ceiling to make in the bathhouse

Typically, in bath rooms, the ceiling height ranges from 2.10 to 2.30 m. The higher the ceilings, the more difficult it is to warm the rooms. In buildings with high ceilings warm air accumulates at the top, and the floors remain cold.

The ceiling in the bathhouse should retain heat. It is also important that the flooring materials are not damaged by moisture. Therefore, a multi-layer ceiling is constructed in bathhouses.

Here approximate diagram such a design: on the attic side the floor is covered with boards, film or parchment is stretched under the boards for waterproofing. The next layer of the cake is insulation; the insulation from below is protected from steam by a layer of film or parchment.

On the side of the rooms, the ceiling is usually finished with wood.

False ceiling installation

How to cover the ceiling of a bathhouse from the side of the room. Typically used for this various breeds tree. Performed well in extreme humidity conditions coniferous varieties. You need to ensure that the wood is well dried.

It is better to select boards without knots and cracks for the ceiling. In addition, any wood should be treated protective impregnation. Then the structure can last a long time even in a humid environment.

The entire false ceiling structure rests on the floor beams. A frame is laid on the beams, on which boards are laid. A vapor barrier is laid on the bottom of the boards. Insulation mats are tightly laid on top of the vapor barrier, and they are again covered with films on top. A plank floor is laid on top of the pie.

Advantages of this design:

1. ease of installation, the owner of the building can perform all the work independently;
2. the structure is not heavy, the floor beams can support its weight;
3. The wooden structure will last a long time.

The disadvantages of this option include its price. High-quality wood is now expensive.

Panel ceiling installation

The insulated ceiling resembles a layer cake. Click to enlarge.

The floor structure is assembled from ready-made panels. Pieces of moisture-resistant insulation are placed between the panels.

The prefabricated panel is based on load-bearing bars onto which edged boards are placed.

Insulation material is tightly laid inside the board panel, lined with vapor-proof materials.

The advantage of the panel design is that you can use non-marketable lumber to make panels.

Flaws:

1. the shields are heavy, you won’t be able to install them yourself;
2. a heavy structure can deform the floor beams, so you need to calculate the weight of the insulating structure and, if necessary, strengthen the beams.

Installation of a flat ceiling

In this case, the ceiling is covered with a layer of thick boards. The boards, more than five centimeters thick, rest on a brick ledge or the last crown of the log house. The boards are covered with films, on top of which insulation mats can be laid.

This ceiling can only be installed in a small bathhouse.

The advantages of this option include ease of installation and low cost of construction.

Disadvantages: the design is only suitable for small room; the insulation will not be protected and the attic space will not be usable.

How to insulate a bathhouse ceiling

Let's look at the main ways to insulate a bathhouse ceiling.

Just like in the old days

In the past, it was common practice to insulate the bathhouse ceiling with clay. Insulation material can be dug up near the house. Clay is easily applied to any surface and can last for a long time.

The insulation structure is constructed as follows: laid on the floor beams wooden boards. The clay is mixed with sand and filled with water; from the attic side the boards cover liquid mixture. The structure is left alone until completely dry.

Afterwards, the clay layer can be covered with a layer of sawdust or dry leaves, even dry soil.

Insulation with clay will require a lot of effort; the work is troublesome and dirty. But the structure can be built without financial investment.

Expanded clay

Expanded clay is very cheap material. Click to enlarge.

Expanded clay is a bulk material.

Expanded clay granules are made from clay.

The material is expanded and fired.

Air cells are sealed inside the granules, which cause the low thermal conductivity of the insulation.

It is better to build a sheathing of wooden blocks on the attic floor for insulation.

Expanded clay is poured between the bars, in a layer of about thirty centimeters.

The material must be limited from the access of moisture from above and from steam from the side of the steam room.

Design disadvantages:

1. you will need an impressive layer of expanded clay, the structure will be heavy;
2. you will have to lay boards on the expanded clay to walk around the attic;
3. It is important to insulate the insulation from moisture.

Mineral wool

Mineral wool is second only to polystyrene foam in its popularity. We cannot recommend combustible foam for bath insulation. But fibrous insulation made from molten basalt rocks is ideal.

Cotton wool retains heat well and does not burn. The material is safe for health and inexpensive.

A significant disadvantage of vata is hydrophobia. When the cotton insulation gets wet, it crumples and its weight increases. Wet wool loses its low thermal conductivity properties. It is very important to securely cover the insulation layer with films to completely eliminate the access of moisture.

Sequence of work on ceiling insulation

Let us describe the structure of a false ceiling, since it can be completely assembled with your own hands: first install the load-bearing beams, the wood must be treated with an antiseptic; It is better to lay the beams along a narrower span of the box.

Vapor barrier films or membranes are attached directly to the floor beams; it is better to cover part of the wall near the ceiling with film.

Ceiling boards for interior cladding are laid; when laying insulation boards, it is important to place them end to end, all cracks can be filled with foam.

On top insulating pie the film for waterproofing is stretched; it is better to cover part of the wall; It is important to leave a small gap between the film and the insulation boards so that the air circulates and takes away any remaining moisture. The attic floor is laid, usually from edged boards.

How to insulate a steam room

When building a bathhouse, all structures need to be insulated: foundation, walls and ceiling. But the steam room needs additional insulation. The temperature in this room must be kept very high level. At the same time, steam rooms often contain a lot of steam and moisture.

How to effectively protect small room from heat loss?

It may be recommended to additionally insulate the walls and ceiling of the steam room with new materials, such as polyethylene foam. This insulation contains air bubbles firmly sealed in polyethylene capsules. The outside of the material is covered with aluminum foil.

Insulating the ceiling of a steam room with polyethylene foam reliably insulates the room from heat loss. Aluminum foil reflects almost all the heat rising to the ceiling.

For efficiency, you can combine several over the steam room. insulation materials. For example, build an insulating structure from mineral wool, and lay sheets of foamed polyethylene covered with aluminum foil as waterproofing.

It is important to turn the insulation with foil inside the room so that the material reflects heat.

Having completed the work on insulating the bathhouse, it is important to check the operation of the ventilation. There will be a lot of moisture in the bath. It is important that she can leave the premises. We covered the walls and ceiling of the building with insulation and films.

Steam will not be able to penetrate these structures. Excess moisture will destroy the wood. Therefore, it is important that ventilation and hoods work properly.