for educators on the topic: “Organization of training sessions
preschoolers on safe behavior on the street"
We all live in a society where we must comply with certain norms and rules of conduct in a traffic environment. Often, the culprits of road accidents are children themselves, who play near roads, cross the street in the wrong places, and incorrectly enter and exit vehicles. However, preschool children are a special category of pedestrians and passengers. Therefore, from a very early age it is necessary to teach children safe behavior on the streets, roads, in transport and traffic rules. Both parents and preschool institutions should take part in this, and in the future, of course, schools and other educational institutions.
It is known that habits established in childhood remain for life. The main task of educators is to clearly explain the rules to the child, and when choosing a form of education, to convey to children the meaning of the danger of non-compliance with the rules, without distorting their content. Children need to be taught not only traffic rules, but also safe behavior on the streets, roads, and in transport. The high level of road accidents is largely due to shortcomings in the organization of education and training of preschool children to behave safely on the street. An innovative approach to organizing didactic classes with preschoolers on road topics consists of simultaneously solving the following tasks:
1. development in children of the cognitive processes they need for correct and safe orientation on the street;
2. teaching preschoolers road vocabulary and involving them in independent creative work, which allows them to study and understand the danger and safety of specific actions on the streets and roads in the process of completing tasks;
3. formation in children of skills and stable positive habits of safe behavior on the street.
The education program for preschool children should include questions that reveal the content of the terms “danger” and “safety.” The main goal of educational work on teaching children the basics of road safety should be to develop in them the necessary skills and abilities, to develop positive, sustainable habits of safe behavior on street.
Through direct perception of the road environment during targeted walks, where children observe the movement of vehicles and pedestrians, road signs, traffic lights, pedestrian crossings, etc.;
in the process of special developmental and training sessions on road topics.
It is especially important to develop such skills and habits as a conscious attitude towards one’s own and others’ actions, that is, the child’s understanding of what is right or wrong. Also of great importance is the formation in a preschooler of the habit of restraining his impulses and desires (for example, running when it is dangerous, etc.).
When raising preschoolers, the teacher uses methods such as suggestion, persuasion, example, exercise, and encouragement. Children should be raised constantly: during games, walks, special exercises that develop motor skills, when performing tasks in sketchbooks on drawing, tracing, shading, designing, making appliqués, etc. on road topics, in classes on speech development using road vocabulary, when analyzing dangerous and safe road situations.
The principle of visibility is especially important, which is traditionally used in working with preschoolers, when they must see, hear, touch everything themselves and thereby realize the desire for knowledge. Thus, the educational program and didactic classes are aimed not so much at teaching preschoolers directly the rules of the road, but at forming and developing their skills and positive sustainable habits of safe behavior on the street. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the following pattern: the more useful skills and habits of safe behavior on the street a preschooler has developed, the easier it will be for him to gain knowledge on road topics in a general education institution.
In general, the plan for conducting didactic classes with preschoolers should provide for the development of their cognitive abilities necessary for them to be able to navigate the road environment. The main ones:
The ability to notice dangerous places and approaching vehicles in time;
Ability to distinguish the size of transport;
Ability to determine the distance to approaching transport;
Knowledge of traffic lights, symbols on road signs and their meaning;
Understanding of traffic patterns; the fact that he cannot stop instantly when he sees a pedestrian (child) on his way;
Understanding the potential dangers of transport; the fact that there may be accidents on the roads resulting in death and injury;
The ability to coherently express your thoughts.
Introduce basic concepts of road vocabulary into your active vocabulary (pedestrian, driver, passenger, traffic light, sidewalk, curb, roadway, road signs, pedestrian crossing, underground pedestrian crossing, overhead pedestrian crossing, zebra road markings, danger, safety , accident (traffic accident));
Introduce the main types of vehicles;
Identify dangerous places around the preschool institution, in the neighborhood, in the yard, on the streets on the way to the kindergarten;
Together with the children, create a safe route to the preschool;
Explain to children typical mistakes in behavior on the street that lead to accidents and collisions with pedestrians;
Talk about dangers on streets and roads associated with weather conditions and lighting;
Teach to be attentive, be able to see and hear what is happening around, behave carefully in the courtyards, on the sidewalk, when moving in a group, when riding a bicycle, roller skates, skateboard, scooter, sled;
Teach quick orientation in a traffic situation: look around when leaving the house, while in the yard, on the street, do not go onto the roadway due to obstacles and structures; do not stand close to the corners of the intersection, on the curb; do not play near the roadway.
Also, the teacher independently determines what classes on road topics can be taught in the junior, middle, senior, and preparatory groups. Considering that preschoolers have different levels of individual development, classes should be conducted taking into account their interests. We must not forget that in each kindergarten group there are preschoolers who are at risk. These may be children who are overly active or, conversely, too inhibited. The teacher conducts classes with them, taking into account their individual characteristics and without fail organizes work with their parents.
Modeling of dangerous and safe road situations;
Independent work in sketchbooks or specially designed notebooks, forming and developing children’s cognitive processes;
Interactive survey;
Collective activities of children to study, comprehend and understand traffic rules, danger and safety in the road environment.
The use of an interactive teaching method aimed at actively involving children in dialogue is especially effective. Using this method, the teacher can help children visually imagine the movement of vehicles and pedestrians, understand dangerous and safe actions in specific situations, develop their ability to observe, compare, analyze, summarize visual information and ultimately transfer it to real road conditions.
When moving from one age group to another, a child must have certain knowledge of the basics of safe behavior on the street. It is necessary to begin training already from early preschool age, gradually increasing the knowledge of preschoolers so that by the time they reach school they can already navigate the street and clearly know the rules of the road.
In the younger group Classes are best done on walks (for better clarity).
On them, the teacher shows the children the sidewalk, the roadway, and explains their meaning. Children learn who is called a driver, pedestrian, passenger. When studying a traffic light, they are explained the meaning of the red and yellow signals as prohibiting movement and the meaning of the green signal as allowing movement.
Preschoolers also observe the movement of vehicles, pedestrians, learn to distinguish vehicles by name and size (large/small): passenger car, tram, bus, trolleybus, etc. It is important for the teacher to explain to children how much more dangerous real cars are compared to the toy cars they know. In group classes, it is useful to resort to visual modeling of traffic situations. The best way is to encourage preschoolers to play with cars, during which they will say each action out loud (the car turned around, reversed, increased speed, etc.).
To develop children's correct orientation in space, they need to be taught to determine the location of objects (right, left, in front, behind, above, below), their sizes, and also learn to compare objects according to these parameters. As a result of such activities, preschoolers gain knowledge about what a traffic light, transport, and road are. They get used to holding an adult's hand while outside.
Didactic classes on road topics can be carried out in the form of drawing in albums or in special notebooks with tasks on shading, tracing, finishing drawings of objects that develop fine motor skills of the hands.
On walks with children of middle preschool age You need to start learning how to navigate the area, namely on the territory of the kindergarten. Also, the teacher must definitely explain that you cannot go beyond its limits on your own. Outside the territory of the preschool educational institution, it is necessary to expand the knowledge of preschoolers about vehicles, their types and design features. The teacher shows the children those parts of the street where pedestrians are safe: the sidewalk, pedestrian crossings along which, holding an adult by the hand, you can cross the roadway. It is useful to carry out exercises on the street to develop the eye and lateral vision. Thus, the children develop the ability to sense and distinguish hidden threats in the road environment.
In group classes, the teacher can give the task to write a story about a traffic situation. For example, the guys can tell how they were traveling in a car (bus, tram, etc.). Or how they walked to kindergarten. At the same time, the teacher unobtrusively reinforces in preschoolers an understanding of which places on the street are dangerous, and also finds out how well the children speak road vocabulary. In explanations, it is useful to use illustrative material: books and posters that depict dangerous situations, for example in the yard, as well as various instructions for behavior near the roadway.
Thus, by the age of five, children’s understanding of the rules of safe behavior on the street expands and the skills of observing what is happening in the road environment are formed.
In the older group Children continue to get acquainted with the peculiarities of road traffic and pedestrians. The children’s ability to freely navigate the area around the kindergarten in the presence of teachers is strengthened. We need to continue to introduce children to the basic concepts of road vocabulary. When walking outside the territory of a preschool institution, it is recommended to draw the attention of preschoolers to the correct and incorrect actions of other pedestrians. Then the children themselves must explain what exactly some pedestrians do wrong, why their actions are dangerous and what they need to do to be safe. Both on walks and in group classes (with the help of illustrative material), you need to draw the attention of preschoolers to the features of the movement of large and small vehicles. During the walk, the teacher clearly shows preschoolers the movement of vehicles: large trucks, buses, trolleybuses and cars, motorcycles, which are not visible behind large vehicles. He explains that if a pedestrian crosses the road in the wrong place, he does not see that a motorcycle or a passenger car may be driving behind a large vehicle at high speed. In turn, the driver of a car (motorcycle) also does not see a pedestrian if he crosses the road in a place where visibility is blocked. As a result, collisions occur. If a kindergarten has a model of a microdistrict with streets adjacent to the territory of the kindergarten, then the teacher, placing children around the model, can tell them about the city, streets, traffic lights: transport and pedestrian, pedestrian crossings, etc. Using figures of pedestrians and transport , clearly show what can happen if you break traffic rules. And also explain how to behave correctly on the streets and roads, show dangerous turns of vehicles at intersections, etc.
You need to be especially careful with children preparatory group, after all, they are future schoolchildren who will very soon have to cross the road on their own and perform the duties of a pedestrian and passenger. With them, classes continue to develop cognitive processes: attention, perception, imagination, thinking, memory, speech. Preschoolers of this age group need to develop the ability to perceive spatial segments and spatial orientation. They must be able to independently assess the actions of the driver, pedestrian and passenger, and anticipate danger on the street. Also, by this age, preschoolers should be able to observe, assess the road situation using vision, hearing (saw a traffic light signal, heard a warning sound given by the driver of a car, etc.), and explain with understanding dangerous places in the surrounding road environment.
Principles of education and training:
Unity; visibility; gradualism; accessibility, etc.
Sample topics for classes with preschoolers:
“The road to preschool.” “Road signs for pedestrians.”
“Foreseeing danger on the streets.” “Types and signals of traffic lights.”
“Rules of conduct on the sidewalk, in the yard, on the playground.”
“Being on the street with adults and rules for crossing the road.”
“Dangerous and safe actions of pedestrians and passengers.”
“Pedestrian crossing (underground, overground and ground – “zebra”).”
When teaching children, the following research data should be taken into account:
Preschoolers of the younger group are able to remember only two or three bright features of objects;
Children in the middle group can remember three or four characteristics of an object;
Children from the older group remember no more than five or six features of an object.
This means: color, shape, structure, proportions, size, purpose of the object.
When implementing a program for the education and training of preschoolers, the teacher is recommended to determine goals and guidelines for each age group (from 3 to 7 years), which he should strive for, forming and developing their skills for safe behavior on the street.
08.08.2016Goal: to increase the level of training of educators, improve the practical skills necessary when developing rules for safe behavior on the roads in preschoolers.
develop cohesion and ability to work in a team.
The participants of the workshop were educators and specialist teachers.
Head of the traffic safety center
In order to teach children the ABCs of safety and traffic rules, first of all, the teacher himself must be well informed on this issue and interested in solving such a problem as children's road traffic injuries. That is why work in this direction is carried out not only with children, but also with teachers. Today, the traffic safety center will host a workshop “I know the traffic rules myself - I’ll teach someone else.”
Event plan:
1. Greetings from the specialist of the Education Department - Larisa Viktorovna Apryatkina
2. Report of the State Traffic Safety Inspectorate Doroshenko V.V.
« Analysis and statistics about DDTT
for the summer period"
4. Introduction to the work plan
for the 2012-2013 academic year - Senior teacher Demidova E.V.
5. Dialogue - exchange of opinions.
Dear friends, now we have gathered to hold a competition: attentive, resourceful, where you traffic experts need to pass tests, we wish the teams success. May the best man win. Our jury will determine who will be stronger.
First competition "Warm-up"
Questions for the Umniki team
1) What part of the street is intended for pedestrians?
2) On which side do they pass the bus when exiting?
3) From which side should you exit the car?
4) Where to look when crossing the road
5) Name the best way to save life on the road
Questions for the Znayka team:
1) Where can you cross the street?
2) What are the colors of the traffic lights and what do they mean?
3) What types of transitions do you know?
4) On which road do cars brake better?
5) Which cars have the right to run a red light?
2 Competition game
"Silence."(each person will be given 3 cards with the numbers 1,2,3.
I will ask questions and 3 possible answers. For the desired option, you pick up the corresponding card. Can you handle it? For each question you are given 10 seconds to think about it.
1 team
1 . What part of the street is intended for pedestrians?
1. pavement
2. sidewalk
3. bike path
2. Where should a pedestrian walk if there is no sidewalk?
1. On the right side of the curb
2. on the left edge of the road
3. On the left side of the road, towards moving traffic.
3. How should a pedestrian walk?
1. sticking to the left side
2. sticking to the right side
3. sticking to the middle
2 teams
1. At what distance from the right edge of the roadway is driving allowed?
on a bicycle?
1. no more than 0.5 m.
2. no more than 1m.
3. no more than 2 m.
2. What should a pedestrian do if, while crossing an intersection, the green traffic light changed to yellow, and you did not have time to cross the road?
1. quickly cross the street
2. return to the sidewalk
3. stop on the center line
3. Is it allowed to carry a passenger on a bicycle?
2. Allowed for a child under 7 years of age on an extra seat.
3. allowed, on the frame.
3 competition
Each team assembles a poem from individual cut and mixed lines and reads it expressively. The team that completes the task first wins.
4.competition - literary. You need to answer the questions provided. Each correct answer – 2 points
1 team
What traffic light signal is missing in the poem “My merry ringing ball?” (GREEN)
What book are these lines from?
“Stepan did not reason,
I took out the traffic light with my hand,
Looked into the middle
Did you turn something somewhere...?” ("UNCLE STEPA")
In which fairy tale, which hero has a hat the same color as the traffic light? ("LITTLE RED RIDING HOOD")
Name a work in which bears rode a bicycle (“COCKROACH”)
2nd team
In which work and whose legs were cut by a tram? (“DOCTOR AIBOLIT”, TO BUNNY)
What insect the same color as the traffic light lives in the grass? (GRASSHOPPER)
Name the city in which Dunno learned to drive a car? (SOLAR)
What type of transport did Cinderella use to get to the king's ball? (GUZHEVOY)
–5 competition “Fairy Tale Situation”. You will listen to riddles about traffic order and answer the question. Score – 3 points.
1 team
1. Winnie the Pooh's birthday.
Today is Winnie the Pooh's birthday. He turned 6 years old. On this day they bought him a big bicycle. And so that the whole city could see his gift, he sat on it and rode out into the street.
What mistakes did Winnie the Pooh make? (CHILDREN UNDER 14 ARE PROHIBITED TO GO ON THE ROAD. CHILDREN CAN DRIVE IN THE YARD)
2. Kolobok on the road.
Kolobok was rolling along a country road, and the Wolf met him: “Kolobok, Kolobok, I will eat you if you don’t guess the riddle!” Today I’m driving to Lisa in a car, as expected, on the left side, I hear a policeman whistling. Why do you think he stopped me?” (VEHICLES ARE ALLOWED TO GO ON THE ROAD TO THE RIGHT SIDE)
2nd team
3. Boy and Little Red Riding Hood.
A boy rides a bicycle and sees Little Red Riding Hood and Dunno at the bus stop.
“Take me to the pharmacy,” Little Red Riding Hood asks him, “my grandmother is sick.”
“No, I’m not here,” forgive Dunno.
Who will go with the boy?
(NO ONE, ONLY ONE ONE IS ALLOWED TO RIDE A BICYCLE. THE TRUNK IS FOR TRANSPORTING LUGGAGE, AND THE FRAME IS FOR ATTACHING THE MAIN PARTS)
4. Chip and Dale.
Chip and Dale went on a trip, they walked all day and were very tired. On the side of the road, Dale saw a road sign, which he was very happy about. Soon they came to a small cozy house, where they stayed for the night.
What kind of road sign did the chipmunks see? (CAMPING)
Competition 6 “THE ABC OF ROAD SIGNS”.
I want to ask about the sign
The sign is drawn like this.
Guys in the triangle
They are running somewhere as fast as they can.
(“Careful, children!”)
We walked home from the garden,
We see a sign on the pavement:
Circle, inside a bicycle,
There is nothing else!
("Bike Lane")
Here is a circle with a red border,
But there is no drawing inside.
Maybe a beautiful girl
Should there be a portrait inside?
The circle is empty in winter and summer,
What is this sign called?
("Movement Prohibition")
There are two brothers in a triangle
Everyone is rushing somewhere, rushing.
The most important sign in the world -
It's just nearby...
Pedestrian in a blue circle
He's in no hurry, he's walking.
The path is safe
He's not afraid here.
("Footpath")
What kind of sign is that hanging?
Stop - he tells the cars...
A pedestrian! Go boldly
Along the black and white paths.
("Crosswalk")
Young and old walk boldly,
Even cats and dogs...
Only this is not a sidewalk -
It's all about the road sign.
("Footpath")
Roma's stomach hurts
He won't make it home.
In a situation like this
We need to find a sign.
(“First aid station”)
7th competition "Drawing".
“Road Vernissage” - draw a non-existent road sign.
— “liquid asphalt”;
- “wild schoolchildren”:
- “deaf old ladies”;
- “pedestrians.”
Musical pause– auto disco with “Zebra”
Summarizing. Awards
Elena Aksenova
WORKSHOP
« Using educational games
By familiarization of preschoolers
with traffic rules"
Target: promote the expansion of practical work methods teacher in the learning process pupils with traffic rules.
introduction
Play is one of the most important activities of a child, his self-expression, and a way of his improvement. During the game, attention, memory, imagination are developed, skills and habits are developed, and social experience is acquired. The game is not only entertainment. It makes leisure time meaningful, teaches creativity, the ability to navigate difficult situations, and speed of reactions. The game is “the way for children to knowledge of the world, in which they live and which they are called to change" (M. Gorky)
From a psychological point of view, a game as an activity reflects a practical approach to mastering theoretical knowledge, as well as skills and abilities. In the study of traffic rules, it is especially important for students to acquire specific skills and behaviors in real traffic conditions during game activities.
Game is the main activity preschooler, during which he exercises his strength, expands his orientation, and assimilates social experience.
Therefore, the most important task is: creating unified approaches to development and organization didactic games for preschool children; creating the conditions necessary for wider implementation didactic games in educational the process of teaching children the rules of safe behavior on the roads in preschool institutions.
Today we, dear teachers, will play a little games that you can use for teaching preschoolers road safety rules.
A game "Make a road sign".
In order for you to pupils Preschool educational institutions developed knowledge and understanding of the road situation; basic knowledge of road signs is required. Children love to collect cut-out pictures and puzzles. Let's try now to assemble signs from parts ( educators Several parts are proposed from which you need to make a road sign).
A game "A pedestrian"
In front of you is a model of a city quarter (houses, buildings, the road is marked, traffic lights with different signals). Pedestrians should be placed on the road where you think they might cross the road. (When arranging pedestrian dolls, you need to focus on the sign "crosswalk" and green traffic lights for pedestrians).
Children are interested in the street, the road, and, of course, transport, especially boys. In organizing activities to study traffic rules, it is necessary to introduce various types of transport. This will help expand your understanding of the world around you and form the right attitude towards the road situation. Not on the street "tracks", A "roads", and they rush along them "not cars", A "cars", and they don't have "wheels", A "wheels", under which hundreds of children die every year. Working with coloring books "Transport", cutting out vehicles from magazines and making collages and posters, leaflets, etc. will help the child realize all the seriousness of the moving stream of heavy trucks, high-speed cars, trams that do not know how to pass pedestrians. Please remember and name the techniques and methods of working on familiarization of preschoolers of different ages with transport. (Answers).
You can also use quizzes:
We divide into teams, and for each correct answer a chip is given. Whose team collects the most chips wins.
"Fun Auto Remote"- you need to name the types of transport on which
fairy-tale heroes traveled.
A) What did Emelya ride on to the Tsar’s palace? (stove)
B) Leopold the cat's favorite mode of transport? (bike)
Q) What did Carlson lubricate the motor with? (jam)
D) What gift did Uncle Fyodor’s parents give to the postman Pechkin. (bike)
D) What did the good fairy turn the pumpkin into for Cinderella? (carriage)
E) What did Aladdin fly on? (Magic carpet)
G) What did Kai ride on from the fairy tale The Snow Queen? (sled)
H) Baba Yaga's personal transport (mortar).
The jury counts the points.
Task 2. "Smart Men and Women".
Each team responds in turn to questions:
A) What do you call people walking down the street? (pedestrians)
B) Which part of the street should pedestrians walk on? (sidewalk)
Q) Which side of the sidewalk should pedestrians walk on? (on the right)
D) Where should you cross the road? (at pedestrian crossings)
D) With whom for the children? preschool age can you cross the road? (with adults)
E) Where can children play? (in the courtyard on the playground)
G) Why can’t you play on the road? (so as not to be hit by cars).
H) Who or what are they talking about - the main commander on the road? (traffic light)
I) What assistants do drivers and pedestrians have? (road signs)
J) Where do passengers wait for the bus? (stop)
K) On which side should you go around the bus? (behind)
M) House for cars? (garage)
H) Passenger pick-up and drop-off location? (stop)
O) Stowaway (who doesn't pay the fare)
P) What sign says that you can eat soon? (service sign - food point)
3. task: Puzzles
1. He will oblige us to drive quietly
Turning close will show
And it will remind you what and how.
You're on your way. (road sign)
2. House on rails here and here
He will convict everyone in five minutes
Sit down and don’t yawn, he’s leaving. (tram)
3. What kind of zebra is on the road?
Everyone stands with their mouths open.
Waiting for the green light to flash
So this means. (transition)
4. Drinks gasoline like milk
can run far.
She carries cargo and people, of course you are familiar with her.
The shoes he wears are made of rubber, they call it. (car)
5. It is necessary to explain easily
whether you are young or old
roadway - for transport,
for you. (sidewalk)
6. I am an expert on road rules,
I parked my car here:
Parked near the fence
She also needs to rest (parking place).
7. We walked home from the garden
We see a sign on the pavement
Circle, inside the bike
There is nothing else. (cycle path)
8. We approached the pavement
The sign hangs overhead
man walks boldly
Black and white stripes. (crosswalk)
9. I want to ask about the sign,
It's drawn like this:
Guys in the triangle
They are running somewhere as fast as they can. (be careful children).
10. Guys in the triangle
A man stands with a shovel
Digging something, building something
Here. . (Men at work)
11. What kind of road sign is this?:
red cross on white?
Day and night you can
Feel free to contact us!
The doctor will bandage your head
White scarf
And he will be the first
Medical assistance. (Aid station)
Fizminutka "At a traffic light"
The presenter suggests teacher stand up, stretch out a little. There are red, yellow and green circles on the floor. The presenter asks riddles about traffic signals. You need to quickly find your bearings and stand next to the circle of the desired color.
- What color tells us: “Come on, the way is open!”?
But look who he is
He tells us: “Wait, walk!”?
And the signal: "The path is dangerous!"
Stop and wait for me?
Be, baby, always smart and step into the light?
Don’t rush to run away, I suggest you wait...
In the elders preschoolers already have a sufficient level of imagination and vocabulary to compose a travel story or story. You just need to help them a little when necessary. I'll give an example based on a game.
"Baba Yaga in the City"
The presenter takes the Baba Yaga toy in a mortar on wheels and talks about how the old woman is rushing down the street and different situations happen to her. Places the stupa on a ribbon that represents the road. So, Baba Yaga is rushing and suddenly... (Answers, for example, She wanted to have lunch. And on the way she saw a sign that indicated a place where she could eat. Or there was road repair on the way (a sign is placed, or a detour (a sign is placed) etc.). Educators they come up with situations and put up road signs.
The presentation form also includes very interesting quizzes.
(Presentation.)
Creative task "Create your own sign"
The leader divides teachers for two teams(possible in pairs or triplets). Exercise: come up with a road sign (can be a fairy tale or to a fairy tale, to a fairy tale situation) and introduce it.
Is it easy to teach a child to behave correctly on the road? At first glance it seems easy. You just need introduce it with the basic requirements of the Rules of the Road and no problems. It's actually very difficult. If you are really interested in your pupils possessed the skills of safe behavior on the road, then do not reduce the learning process to empty and useless phrase: "Be careful on the road". She does not explain to the child what exactly he should be afraid of on the road. Where might he be in danger? Better use accessible game and practical situations. And teach not only children, but also parents. I hope that this material will be useful to you. And in your groups new interesting games and game situations will appear to teach children traffic rules.
Literature:
1. Avdeeva N. N., Knyazeva N. L., Sterkina R. B. life safety fundamentals:
2. Dobryakova V. A. et al. Three signals traffic light: Didactic games, leisure evening scenarios. M., 1989.
3. Traffic rules for children preschool age / ed.. E. A. Romanova, A. B. Malyushkina. – M.: Creative Center "Sphere", 2005.
4. Grezina, O. Yu., Pyataeva, S. A. Working with children in preschool institutions to teach them traffic rules. – Volgograd Change, 1998.
5. Stepanenkova, E. Ya., Filenko, M. F. For preschoolers about traffic rules. – M.: Education, 1979.
6. I am friends with the traffic light: informative-game material for children 3–5 years old. – M.: Ansel-M, 1995.
Workshop for teachers“It is important for everyone to know the rules of the road.
Target . Exchange of experience as teachers.
Tasks:
Systematize teachers' knowledge about traffic rules.
Develop practical skills of teachers.
Create conditions for interaction with society to prevent road traffic injuries among students of educational institutions.
Event plan:
- Speech by a traffic police officer "Statistical information on road accidents in the city"
- Speech by Art. teacher “Forms and methods of work used in teaching traffic rules to students”
- A business game for teachers in the form of KVN.
- Excursion to groups “Viewing stands on traffic rules”.
Methodological support:
Exhibition of methodological literature on traffic rules;
Exhibition of educational games on traffic rules
- Speech by the senior teacher “Forms of working with children to teach traffic rules in different age groups.”
Road safety is one of the main problems of preserving the life and health of the country's citizens. Today, when a child gets acquainted with complex technology from early childhood and becomes a participant in traffic, the problem arises of teaching him the basics of safe behavior on the streets and roads, the need for him to consciously comply with the requirements of the Traffic Rules. A special role in solving this problem is given to educational institutions: kindergartens, schools, colleges and higher educational institutions. Road accidents are most often caused by children themselves. This is caused by ignorance of the elementary fundamentals of the Rules of the Road and the indifferent attitude of adults towards the behavior of children on the roadway. It is possible to avoid dangers on the streets and roads only through appropriate education and training of a child from an early age, preparing him for the lifelong “profession” of a traffic participant, a pedestrian. Although educational institutions are currently solving the problems of teaching children and adolescents the basics of safe behavior on the streets and roads, an analysis of the situation on the roads shows that the measures taken are not enough. The increase in child road traffic injuries in the country constantly forces us to look for effective ways to solve this problem. To do this, plans for educational work on traffic rules should include various forms of preventive measures to prevent child road traffic injuries: conversations with traffic police officers, watching films on traffic rules, holding competitions, quizzes, issuing wall newspapers, information leaflets, organizing holidays, creating teams young traffic inspectors (YIT), performances by propaganda teams, etc.
All these activities pursue specific goals and objectives.
Goals:
educating children and adolescents about safe behavior on the road, preventing cases of child road traffic injuries;
increasing the efficiency of an educational institution in teaching traffic rules.
Tasks:
know and practice traffic rules;
widely promote traffic rules for all categories of road users;
improve forms and methods of working with children on road safety.
Working with children on traffic rules will be effective only if theory is closely related to practice. The most effective method of teaching children the basic rules of behavior on the road is a game in which they themselves participate. Being carried away by the game, children learn the basic requirements of the rules and understand who pedestrians, drivers, and traffic controllers are. Children have a very well developed imagination, and only bright moments leave the necessary knowledge in their memory. Any child will quickly understand and master traffic rules presented not only in an ordinary conversation, but also in a fairy tale, quiz, or game.
When teaching traffic rules in different age groups, a wide variety of forms, methods and techniques are used. Thus, in preschool groups and in groups of primary school age, traffic rules are taught not only in specially organized classes, but also in classes on various types of activities:
- creative activity -plot drawing based on the impressions of the lessons, modeling road situations, consolidation of the material covered;
- fiction- use of poems, stories, riddles in the classroom (S. Ya Marshak “Uncle Styopa”;
Day and night I'm burning
I'm giving signals to everyone.
I have three signals.
What's my friends name?
(Traffic light)
All engines stop
And the drivers are attentive
If the signs say:
“Close to school, kindergarten” (Children)
He has a stern temper -
Long, thick, like a hog,
He lay down at the crossing,
Protecting the pedestrian.
(Speed speed bump.)
- physical education- use of outdoor games, physical education sessions;
Physical exercise “Traffic light”.
We'll play traffic light (Children clap their hands).
One two three four five.
I invite you all to stand. (Children stand up, walking in place and marching).
Red light for us “Stop!” shouts, (Children stand still).
He says to wait for green.
So the yellow one caught fire, (Jerks with hands under the chest).
It's time to get ready
Hands, feet, warm up
Let's start kids!!! (Squats).
The green light turns on (raise your hands up).
Can we go forward, (Walking in place while marching).
Be a brave pedestrian.
- getting to know your surroundings- orientation to the area, history of transport.
In groups of middle and high school age, other forms of work with children are used. Children of this age already have a certain amount of knowledge and ideas about their surroundings. Therefore, the main direction of work is intellectual and playful activity in the form of entertaining games (“Star Hour”, “Field of Miracles”, “Own Game”, etc.), logical tasks, puzzles, crosswords, which develop intelligence, attention, and independence. Modern information and computer technologies (computer games, tests, presentations, Internet materials) can be used in teaching traffic rules.
- Working with teachers.
The exercise is aimed at creating a positive atmosphere in the group and raising the self-esteem of training participants. It emphasizes the value of each group member.
Each participant writes their name on a piece of paper. And then he comes up with positive adjectives about himself, starting with the letters of his name.
For example:
F - cheerful
A - active
N - new
N - unusual
A - artistic
- Practical part. Business game for teachers.
To systematize teachers' knowledge on the topic, offer a game.
The game is played as a competition between two teams. The teams will choose a name and emblem in the form of a new road sign.
Jury selection.
“Protection of the team emblem” the jury evaluates all competitions using a 5-point system.
"Road signs"
Each team is given 9 characters. They need to be named. The winner is the one who does it faster.
"Highway"
Members of each team are quickly asked questions about the rules of the road. They need to be answered quickly. The time it takes the team to answer all questions is taken into account. The team that answers the most questions in the least amount of time wins.
Questions for 1 team
Scooped up by the wind
White wing
You and I go for a ride
It was carried out to sea. (sailboat)
The heart of the car is (motor)
Main highway - (highway)
Sign indicating "No Trespassing" (brick)
Edge of the road - (side)
Changing the direction of movement - (turn)
Punishment for violating traffic rules - (Fine)
Traffic congestion on the road - (traffic jam)
Animal representing road crossing - (zebra)
The intersection of two roads - (crossroads)
Vehicle leveling the road - (skating rink)
Man holding a striped stick - (inspector)
Two-wheeled vehicle at very low speed (bicycle)
Questions for team 2
Person driving a vehicle - (driver)
Man walking along the road - (pedestrian)
Where do people wait for transport? (stop)
Crowded, noisy, young,
The city rumbles underground.
And at home with the people here,
They are running along the streets. (Metro)
Transport incident - (accident)
Which crossing is the safest? (underground)
End of the road - (dead end)
What does the sign in the triangle with the red cross mean? (doctor)
Car with a green eye - (taxi)
A person who does not follow the rules (violator)
A device that stops the movement of people and cars - (traffic light)
Transport with a sidecar - (motorcycle)
Mustache transport - (trolleybus)
"Find the right answer"
The answers to the questions proposed to the teams are written on the board: “Arba”, “Chariot”, “Omnibus”, “Carriage”, “Car”, “Rack”.
Questions for the teams.
When man in Egypt tamed horses and replaced them with slow-moving bulls, the first passenger carriage was born. What was it called? (chariot)
French physicist Pascal proposed a new type of large multi-seat crew. What were they called? (Omnibus)
In the 15th century, belts were attached to the cart. The body, like a cradle, was suspended from the curved frame of the cart, which noticeably softened the movement. What kind of transport is this? (coach)
In 1891, a strange carriage was moving along one of the streets of Odessa, puffing and rumbling, which caused general amazement and confusion. Pedestrians huddled against the walls of houses in fear. In appearance, the carriage was almost no different from an ordinary carriage. What was it? (automobile)
Musical pause
Teams of teachers are invited to perform an adaptation of a song to a familiar melody.
To the melody of the song "Smile" (for 1 team)
Never, ever forget
Pedestrians should be careful, kind,
Don't play on the roadway
And don’t push passers-by on the sidewalk
And then you probably won't get a bruise,
Even a strict guard -
Old or young -
Will become a friend for girls and boys.
To the melody of the song “Clouds are white-maned horses” (for team 2)
Past the white stripes "transition"
Past red traffic lights
An inattentive pedestrian walks
He gets into trouble very soon.
A pedestrian is a mystery to drivers.
Pedestrian, why are you rushing without looking back?
Please don't risk your life, pedestrian,
If there is a crossing nearby.
Physical exercise "Collect a sign"
Teams are asked to quickly assemble a road sign from parts.
"Dictionary of Definitions"
Teams are given words, and they need to choose their own definitions for these words.
A car is a wheeled vehicle with its own engine for transporting goods on trackless tracks.
A bicycle is a two- or three-wheeled riding machine driven by pedals.
A road is a route of communication, a strip of land intended for movement.
Movement - riding, walking in different directions.
Transport - special purpose moving vehicles.
Pedestrian is a person walking.
Hitchhiking is a sport, traveling on passing cars.
A bus is a multi-passenger vehicle for transporting passengers.
Race - fast movement, driving.
Inspector - an official engaged in inspection.
Inspect - check the correctness of someone's actions
A rod is a short stick with which a traffic controller gives instructions to vehicles and pedestrians. (explanatory dictionary of the Russian language)
The jury sums up the game. Winner's reward ceremony.
Leading. I would like to end our workshop with words
Philosophers say that “life is measured not by the number of days, months, years lived, but by vivid, memorable events and impressions of them.” I am sure that emotional memory will preserve the atmosphere of our seminar. Thank you! Take care of yourself and your loved ones.
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