Summer is wonderful for everyone, and even the heat can be tolerated, but one circumstance can easily poison all the pleasure: in the summer we are bitten all the time. If it's not mosquitoes, it's flies; it's not midges, it's horseflies; and it can be even worse - the forest is full of ticks, and in the steppe it's no wonder you stumble upon a snake. But let's take it in order...
1. WASPES are evil creatures. They attack people when they sense danger, but they can also sting just because - for example, if they don’t like the way you smell. To avoid falling victim to a wasp, it is better not to use strong-smelling perfumes and wear clothes in light, soothing colors. Wasps have a smooth proboscis, so they come out of a fight unharmed, and then can sting again. These insects love landfills and garbage cans, so they can carry infection.
2. The midge (aka midge) bites differently than other summer aggressors. She chews out a piece of skin, which is why her bites itch more, heal more slowly, and scratching makes them easier to become infected. The midge does not have any special character or habits - it attacks in clouds everything that gives off heat. She prefers calm conditions and shady places.
3. It is believed that FLIES begin to bite only towards the end of summer - they allegedly become angrier and more aggressive. This is not so: not all flies bite, but only blood-sucking ones: in our country these are flies, in Africa - the infamous tsetse flies, in America - deer flies. These insects carry about 60 different diseases, including conjunctivitis and trachoma, so their bites must be disinfected. And especially not to catch them with your hands!
4. Fleas also have a “blood” relationship with people - they bite because they cannot do otherwise. Usually they are content with dogs and cats (there are dog fleas and cat fleas), but they do not disdain people. It is easy to identify flea bites: the flea bites several times in places hidden by clothing - “paths” of bites are formed. By the way, among others, fleas are long-lived, living from one to four years. IN warm apartments They live in mattresses, pet beds, in cracks and under baseboards.
5. MOSQUITOES and HORDLES do not sting out of harm, like wasps, but for the sake of human blood. At the same time, having bitten, they secrete an anticoagulant substance, which prevents the blood from clotting - this is necessary so that the insect can drink enough of it. Having drunk, the mosquito will fly off about its mosquito business, and will leave the person with an itchy, reddened bite site. Actually, itching is an allergy to that same anticoagulant substance. It is interesting that horse flies, having sucked on, completely lose all vigilance - at this moment you can calmly pick them up with your hands. 
Do you know all your neighbors? Sure? Some of them are so small that you simply can’t see them. Insects live in almost every home. This is a fact: even if you don’t see them, this almost always means that the “roommates” are simply hiding very successfully. In some cases, insects in an apartment are absolutely harmless, but some of their species pose a serious danger not only to food and things, but also to the person himself. In general, get acquainted!
For thousands of years, people have sought shelter, starting with the first cave, then building shelters from tree branches and leaves, and making tents from animal skins. As time passed and additional tools were developed, humanity began to build houses from strong wood and stone, and houses appeared. And always, from the very first home, various insects lived next to a person. Today we see in them uninvited guests, and we prefer to live without them. But if you think about it, they were before us, and they will be after us. For your consideration, here is a list of 15 small creatures with whom you may share your home. They are also called synanthropes (non-domesticated plants and microorganisms whose lifestyle is associated with humans and their homes, for example, cockroaches, house flies, house mice, bed bugs).
15. Spiders
Spiders are probably one of the most common creatures with which we share our homes, and some of these arachnids will appear on this list more than once. There is a great variety of spiders in nature, more than 45,000 various types. In general, modern spiders have spread throughout the world over the past 200 million years, which is mainly the reason for their widespread and diversity. The spider does not do anything bad in the house, sometimes it even does good - it catches flies. Our ancestors had a huge number of signs associated with spiders, mostly positive. They say spiders are harbingers of good things to come. But, probably, if you trust signs too much, you will be completely covered in cobwebs.
14. Ground beetles
Just like spiders, beetles are very ancient and well-adapted creatures for survival. There are more than 40,000 species of ground beetles alone in the world, and these insects come to our homes uninvited. The most common is the bread ground beetle. They usually cause damage to crops in fields, but are increasingly found in ordinary apartments. The bread ground beetle crawls into the apartment only if it likes the living conditions. As soon as the insect gets into the house, when darkness falls, it goes to look for food (crumbs, food left on the table, cereals). Ground beetles interfere with sleep, rustle, fall from the ceiling onto the bed or directly onto you. And if they have found food, then the next step will be their reproduction. So, if a ground beetle appears in the house, you need to take immediate action.
13. Crickets
The wise cricket who gave advice to Pinocchio probably looked something different. And ordinary crickets are creepy insects, sometimes of enormous size. A folk sign says that if there is a cricket in the house, then this is a sign of happiness and prosperity. But people who have been visited by this “happiness” in large numbers do not share this point of view and are looking for ways to get rid of them. About 2.3 thousand species of these insects are known in the world, of which only about 50 are found in Russia. Most of them live in subtropical and tropical countries. Our most famous species are the field cricket and the house cricket. The house cricket in the southern part of the country lives both in apartments and in nature. In the central and northern regions, he lives only in houses near people, and gives preference to old, warm rooms with high humidity. These insects live and breed well in warm basements flooded with water. Sometimes crickets can spoil food and even things in the apartment, just like moths. Therefore, although popular wisdom advises against offending them, it is better to remove the crickets. Unless, of course, you like the “night concerts” that crickets usually organize.
11. Carpet mite
Scientists have found more than 1,000 different species of house ticks, and all of them cause great harm to humans, and all year round. Any carpet or carpet perfectly collects dust, it accumulates in its fibers and even daily cleaning will not give a positive result - dust and mites will still remain there. Ticks, unlike most insects on this list, are very harmful to humans. The ticks themselves are capable of leaving behind their waste products in the form of feces, which contain digestive enzymes, they destroy the cells of the human body and can cause severe allergies and asthma. The damage caused by carpet mites is not limited to allergies: conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis, atypical dermatitis and others can develop. It's easy to deal with them - throw out all the carpets and upholstered furniture, Once and for all!
10. Dark-winged mosquito
The main harm is that they squeak and interfere with sleep! Thank God, humanity has invented many ways to get rid of mosquitoes. Mosquito net, repellents and fumigators are a whole industry. Place fresh branches of elderberry, bird cherry, Caucasian chamomile or basil in the rooms, and place a container with tomato seedlings or geranium in a pot under the windows and on the balcony. Mosquitoes do not like the smell of these plants, so they will want to leave your home as soon as possible. According to folk signs, these small, disgustingly buzzing bloodsuckers - mosquitoes - are capable of causing not only absolute harm, but also benefit, predicting the weather and future events. Clouds of mosquitoes mean good weather tomorrow. Painful mosquito bites and a particularly active buzzing of bloodsuckers - foretells imminent bad weather and night rain.
9. Spitting spider
As mentioned earlier, this list will feature more than one species of spider. Spiders of this species catch prey by spraying a liquid onto it, which neutralizes it by solidifying into a toxic and sticky mass upon contact. You can observe the habit of spiders swaying from side to side. They do this to wrap up their prey. Most spiders are only capable of producing silk, but Scytodes spitting spiders are an exception. Together with the silk, they release poison from their mouths, and silk strands soaked in the toxin, falling on the spider’s victim, bind it. These spiders are not dangerous to humans, do not weave large trap webs, and are unremarkable in appearance. But they still have one peculiarity - during the hunt they “spit” their prey. This may sound a little harsh, but it's accurate. This is why they got their name “spits”. Spitting spiders live in both warm tropical and temperate regions, including Russia - in human homes, where it is warm.
8. Clothes moth
Moths inhabit houses and are a household pest, whose caterpillars spoil fabrics by eating them and gnaw the silk upholstery of furniture. Damage to products is caused only by caterpillars, because imagoes are deprived oral apparatus gnawing type. In the dark at night, adult moths fly towards an artificial light source. According to some data, house moth caterpillars also feed on substances of plant origin, namely grains of wheat, barley, oats, corn, flour and dry bread. House moths are widespread worldwide, this type Lepidoptera is a serious pest in human homes. They feed on clothing, carpets, blankets and upholstery, as well as fur, wool, feathers and miscellaneous items such as animal bristles used to make toothbrushes and piano fibers.
7. Woodlice
Generally speaking, woodlice are not insects (they are crustaceans), but they lead approximately the same lifestyle as cockroaches. When threatened, they curl up, simulating death.
In most cases, wood lice appear only in those apartments where it is constantly damp, for example, water leaks from pipes. These insects are excellent indicators of various plumbing breakdowns and depressurization of flanges. The appearance of woodlice in an apartment, first of all, should worry lovers indoor flowers, because if measures are not taken in time and you do not remove them, then the plants will soon die. First of all, these insects harm moisture-loving tropical plants which have a thin and delicate root system(orchid, fern, cactus), hitting it specifically, so if you have just such plants, then you should fight more actively.
5. Ants
At different times of the year and in different regions of the country, in an apartment, and even more so in a private house, you can often find representatives of various species of ants. Very often, ants in an apartment are random guests, carried on clothes or with things. Among them are insects different sizes and flowers. However, the only real pest in the apartment is the so-called pharaoh ant - independent species heat-loving small ants, which in our latitudes cannot live anywhere other than residential heated premises. These red ants in the apartment are a real problem: they are numerous, spoil food, and can carry pathogens various diseases, and besides, they are removed with great difficulty.
One colony of house ants can contain several dozen queens and up to 350 thousand workers. The reasons why red ants appear in an apartment, although not numerous, can be found in almost any home. That is why small red ants are successfully conquering more and more new areas and are likely to appear in any apartment, even the cleanest one.
4. Serebryanka (common silverfish)
You may have once seen them in the bathroom or toilet if you went there in the middle of the night (when the light is turned on, they quickly run away). Those thin, silvery, small things on the floor? Do you remember? They are called silverfish. Like most of the other creatures on this list, silverfish pose no real harm to us and they don't bite. No cases of contact were identified negative influence on human health. They feed on products of plant origin containing starch or polysaccharides; but they may not eat anything for months. Their diet may include sugar, flour, glue, book binding, paper, photographs, starchy fabrics. From storage facilities can be brought into the house through purchase toilet paper or cardboard boxes with paper napkins. They are harmless to humans and pets and are not carriers of diseases, but can damage damp paper.
Their scientific name is “common silverfish” (Latin: Lepisma saccharina). It is believed that the silverfish is one of the most ancient living insects - its ancestors lived on Earth more than 300 million years ago, back in the Paleozoic era. Silverfish prefer wet and dark places, if the house is dry and light, then there will be no silverfish there.
3. Cockroaches
The remains of cockroaches are, along with the remains of cockroaches, the most numerous traces of insects in Paleozoic deposits. Additionally, cockroaches are the earliest known Polyneoptera, possibly descending from the ancestor of the entire subcohort. They have always been and will be on Earth. There are more than 4,600 known species of cockroaches; are especially numerous in the tropics and subtropics. In the territory former USSR- 55 types. IN last years There are popular reports about a decrease in the number of certain species of cockroaches in the CIS (they say they have completely left apartments in St. Petersburg and some other cities - no one was upset, but the reasons are interesting).
A number of cockroaches live in human dwellings, being synanthropes, for example, the red cockroach (Prusak), or the black cockroach. Others are brought with tropical products to temperate countries and sometimes take root in heated rooms (American cockroach). Cockroaches can damage food, leather goods, book bindings, indoor and greenhouse plants. Some cockroaches, feeding on various waste, including feces, are carriers infectious diseases(for example, dysentery) and worm eggs.
2. Harvesting spider
Hay-making spiders that build trapping webs are ubiquitous. Hanging upside down on their jumbled, tangled, uneven web. Webs are built in dark, damp niches of caves, trees and under stones, in lairs abandoned by mammals, for example, in cellars and various buildings. In human homes, they love dry and warm places near windows. How dangerous are harvest spiders to humans? Suffice it to say that they spend the poison they have exclusively on their victims, inflicting a paralyzing bite on them. He is not enough for anything more. The main reason for declaring war on arachnids is arachnophobia. Some people cannot even stand them visually; for others, a creature that gets on their body causes panic. The problem is so serious that psychologists are working on it.
1. Flycatcher
The common flycatcher, also known as the house centipede, is often found in private houses and cottages, and is also found in apartments. Due to its significant size, repulsive appearance and the high speed of movement of this insect, suddenly appearing in the house, often inspires horror in the residents. But the house centipede is a peaceful and completely harmless insect. They usually appear in search of food from the street or from neighboring apartment. If centipedes can find it in the house permanent source food, then there is a high probability of their appearance in this room. Centipedes are especially common in private homes, settling in basements, ground floors and underground floors, from where they go hunting, moving through all the rooms.
Many insects can cause significant harm to health, and some can even kill. Today we will talk about those species that you should be wary of in Russia.
The video version of the article can be viewed here (the text version is continued below):
Red cockroach.
Ants. Despite the fact that in the Russian Federation there are no such animals as the “bullet ant” (the pain from the sting of this creature is comparable to a gunshot wound) or the “24-hour ant” (the pain remains on one high level within 24 hours), and other most bloodthirsty representatives, our domestic ants can also pose a threat. Like cockroaches, they carry various pathogenic bacteria, which can then enter the human body and cause various diseases: typhoid fever, cholera, etc. Therefore, ants in the house are as undesirable as cockroaches! And our ants bite, too, and they can cause a lot of problems, especially for inexperienced tourists (I had experience)! Although we must not forget about the merits of ants, which save vegetation from pests.
Forest ant.
Flea.
Midges or midges, this is the name given to very unpleasant small insects (mostly humpbacked mosquitoes) whose size is less than 5 mm, attacking not only people, but also animals. Their strength is in numbers, huddled together they will not give you peace. By biting, substances will be injected into you, causing swelling at the site of the bite, redness, itching; if the midge frolics to its fullest, other manifestations of an allergic reaction may appear, such as an increase in temperature, sometimes up to 40 degrees! You will find the most ferocious types of midges in the tundra region (they are called tundra midges or Kholodkovsky midges). Then swelling and other effects fade into the background, because you can catch plague, tularemia, and other terrible diseases.
Mosquitoes- are not as harmless as they seem, many of these creatures are carriers of diseases such as malaria, dengue, yellow fever, encephalitis, Zika fever and others. Malaria alone kills about 200,000 people worldwide every year. There are about 10 species found on the territory of our Motherland. malaria mosquito, they are found in the European part of our country, as well as in Western Siberia.
Mosquitoes.
Wohlfart fly.
Horseflies- terrible creatures who adore blood. There are about 200 species of horseflies in Russia. They carry many diseases, such as anthrax. In addition, the bites themselves are very painful. Biting horseflies inject anticoagulants and toxins, which slow down blood clotting, and the wounds bleed for a long time and do not heal.
Horsefly of the genus Tabanus.
Oestrus ovis.
Bees- creatures worthy of respect and playing a significant role in our lives, allowing us to enjoy honey! However, they can also pose a risk to people, despite the fact that they are not aggressive and only attack in defense. Bees are not only hardworking, but also dexterous, and it is not so easy to brush aside this honey plant! It is necessary to understand that if it stings you, then it itself will die, since along with the sting, which gets stuck in the body of the object of attack, the bee also loses part of its internal organs. At the same time, special substances are released that attract other bees who are ready to sacrifice themselves (for this reason, crushing honey-bearing creatures is also not recommended), and the bees live in large families! In addition to the pain from the sting, some people are hypersensitive to their venom, which can cause allergic angioedema, which can result in death. It is very undesirable for all people if the bite is applied to the tongue, pharynx or palate, because the resulting swelling can block air flow and lead to asphyxia.
After an attack, bees recommend taking antihistamine, remove the sting with tweezers and apply ice. Do not scratch the stung area, you can get an infection and get skin damage! Squeezing out the sting with your fingers is also not recommended. If the person bitten suffers from allergies, it is recommended to give an injection of adrenaline, which will reduce the allergic reaction and also save life.
Bee.
Wasps- very annoying and dangerous! Especially for allergy sufferers, for whom a sting threatens death! They don't give you honey! After they sting you, they don’t die, so they can repeat the procedure again and again! They get into bags and fly into public transport They organize parties near fruit shops and stalls, they like to test your nerves. However, it cannot be said that wasps are completely useless; they help get rid of garden pests and flies.
Bumblebee- the insect is beautiful and one might even say kind. It pollinates its own flowers and does not bother people. I remember how my grandfather picked up several bumblebees and they calmly crawled across his palms without biting! However, not everything is so rosy, in fact, a bumblebee bite is very painful, and in 1% of the world's population, it can also cause an anaphelactic reaction, the likelihood of which increases with a repeated attack, and if you manage to get many bites, you can even die.
Hornets-can attack for no reason, cause serious allergic reactions leading to death, read about their most terrible representative below.
Asian giant hornet- the horror of Asia and the largest hornet in the world. The length of the body is already 5 cm! Found only in the Primorsky Territory. However, with the inexorable advance global warming their habitat is constantly expanding. The Asian giant itself is aggressive and cruel, much more than the bees, whose heads it literally blows off with its massive jaws! Then it grinds it into biomass and brings it to your hive as food for the larvae! A hornet can kill 300 bees in an hour, and if a beehive is attacked by a small group of hornets, then about 30,000 die in an hour. The bees fight to the death and defend themselves as best they can, but if attacked by a group of these giants, they are doomed! Having killed everyone, the attackers grab honey and larvae. The only chance for bees in a fight with the enemy is to destroy the “scout” who has not yet had time to inform his relatives about the found bee hive. They do it this way: having lured the “scout” into their hive, they rush at him en masse and while he destroys the bees closest to him, the rest, vibrating with their wings, create a temperature equal to 50 degrees Celsius. At this temperature, protein compounds are destroyed. The hornet and the bees closest to it die, but the hive is saved.
Asian giant hornet.
For people, an encounter with this giant can also end in disaster, because its poison not only destroys tissue, but also contains a neurotoxin that paralyzes nervous system, and an allergic reaction to a sting can lead to anaphylactic shock and subsequent death! In addition, the hornet's sting, which it usually inflicts at speed, is extremely painful. Those unfortunate people who have felt the intensity of pain compare the attack of a hornet to a blow from a heavy sledgehammer.
Beetles with powerful jaws. Such as ground beetles, stag beetles, longhorned beetles, swimming beetles and others are capable of biting through the skin, which can be quite painful.
Swimmer.
Poisonous bugs. In principle, they do not inject poison, so there is no need to fear that you will be poisoned through the bitten skin. However, beetles can be poisonous because their blood, the so-called hemolymph, contains toxic substances, for example, cantharidin. If this chemical compound gets into the blood or mucous membranes, everything can end badly, including death. The most concentrated hemolymph in this sense is in such beetles as ladybugs of the genus “Coccinellidae”, redwings “Lycidae”, babies “Melyridae”, soft beetles “Cantharidae” and blister beetles “Meloidae”; more about them below.
Ladybug.
Bug beetle- has about 70 varieties and is very poisonous. The reason is cantharidin, which is contained in the body of the beetle. If this substance gets on your skin, it will undoubtedly leave abscesses and blisters on it. Once in the wound, it has a negative effect on the functioning of the urinary tract and kidneys. If it gets into the blood, death is possible! It’s no joke, in the Middle Ages many rulers were vilely poisoned by the poison of these very insects and died in terrible suffering. You can absolutely protect yourself only by eliminating all contact with blisters.
The beetle is a blister beetle.
Large ground beetles. Especially common in our country is “Carabus”, which shoots a caustic liquid from the back of the body, and quite far at a distance of 30 - 50 cm. If it gets on the skin, this liquid can cause a burning sensation, but if it gets into the eyes, it is already fraught for vision, especially if you do not immediately rinse your eyes with plenty of water.
Ground beetle.
There are other dangerous creatures covered with chitinous shells, such as ticks and spiders, that are not insects.
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Summer and children When flowers open on plants, bumblebees, wasps, bees, flies, butterflies and beetles fill the gardens, forests and meadows. From early morning they swarm in the flowers, looking for pollen and sweet juice - nectar.
There is a strict correspondence between the structure of a flower and the insect that visits it. For example, on clover flowers you can most often find a bumblebee and a bee. Only the bumblebee, thanks to its long proboscis, can obtain nectar hidden at the bottom of the tubular corollas, while bees get it by biting through the flowers. Beetles and flies, with their short proboscis, can reach nectar only from those flowers where it is located shallowly.
Among the butterflies fluttering over the flowering meadow there are some very beautiful ones: the peacock's eye - which received its name for the large spots on its wings, the mourning butterfly - a butterfly with velvety dark wings with a light border and a number of blue spots on their lower edges, the admiral, the swallowtail, etc.
A green caterpillar with red dots can be found on the umbels of wild carrots. When touched, she releases her horns. If such a caterpillar is planted in a cage and fed with carrot and parsley leaves, it grows and turns into a pupa from which a swallowtail butterfly flies out.
On plants - slumber, firecracker, tobacco, whose flowers are closed during the day, open and smell only in the evening, you can find moths. Sandman secretes nectar only before rain, only then do these insects sit on its flowers.
In June there is a buzz in the apiaries: bees begin to swarm. In the garden, vegetable garden, forest and field you can find many ladybugs. This round red bug with seven black dots on the upper side is popularly called the “sun”; it is protected because it cleanses cultivated plants from aphids. The bug's defense against enemies is the unpleasant-smelling, bitter blood that it secretes when it is squeezed.
Horseflies, gadflies, and burner flies appear in the meadow after haymaking. The latter, unlike house flies, have a sharp proboscis with which they pierce the skin, “biting” painfully.
On hot July days, grasshoppers chirp loudly. They have long whiskers, two pairs of wings and long hind legs that help them make large leaps. Only the male chirps. On its left elytra there is a transverse vein with a fine jagged edge, and on its right there is a membrane with swollen edges. The grasshopper, like a bow on a string, rubs a jagged vein along the edge of a swollen membrane, which causes the sound.
Along forest paths and at the edge of the forest, where Ivan da Marya still continues to bloom, you can meet ants that drag its seeds to their nests. The latter often get lost along the way and germinate at some distance from the mother plant. You can find celandine near the anthill. Its seeds, equipped with a comb, are dragged by the ants to the nest. When they eat scallops, they leave behind seeds that germinate here. Ants can be observed dragging not only seeds, but also herbs, pieces of pine needles, flies, beetles, and small caterpillars. Found on plants near the anthill ladybugs that hunt for aphids, while the ants drag the aphids towards them and “milk” them by licking the sweet liquid they secrete.
On hot and calm days, ants appear in the air making their mating flight. After the flight, the males die, and the females bite off their wings and return to the old nest or lay a new one. The anthill is located on the edge of the forest near trees and stumps.
Ants destroy a lot of harmful insects, protecting our plants from them, so anthills need to be protected.
On warm summer evenings, greenish-blue “lights” can be seen in the grass and bushes - this is the glow of the end of the abdomen of wingless female fireflies. He lives in damp places.
In reservoirs with stagnant water, water strider bugs scurry in quick jerks, with their long, thin legs spread wide apart, small whirling bugs spin, swimming beetles, water-loving beetles and their larvae swim.
Worm-like red larvae of the pusher mosquito - bloodworms - live on plants and sticks immersed in water. This best food for fish in the aquarium. Dragonfly larvae can be found on underwater plants. They have large eyes, wing rudiments on their backs and a long abdomen. The lower lip of the larva is elongated and at the end it forms a kind of pincers, with which it grabs prey - small aquatic animals. In a calm state, the lip is folded and covers the “face”. Before the last molt, the dragonfly larva emerges from the water and attaches itself to the stems of grass. It is good to transfer such a larva to a corner of nature and watch its transformation.
Dragonflies fly not far from the water: blue beauties flutter near the thickets of reeds and sedges. Sedentary small dragonflies are found in the grass. The largest ones - the yoke - do not flutter: after flapping their Wings several times, they glide in the air, grabbing prey in flight - small insects.
Summer has come, when many of us are drawn to nature - to the forest, to the river, to the country house. However, one should not forget about precautions: after all, it is in summer period insects are activated, contact with which can be harmful and even dangerous to health. Here are the most “terrifying” of them.Ticks
Annually tick-borne encephalitis claims tens of thousands of lives. The risk group includes people who are in the countryside, walking in the forest, near water... Unfortunately, there are many types of ticks, and it is impossible to immediately determine Tick-borne Encephalitis or not. To do this, you need to conduct a laboratory test, and while you are looking for the right laboratory, time may be lost and you will get sick.Safety measures: to protect yourself from ticks, experts advise wearing closed clothing, since in order to “suck in”, these insects look for unprotected areas of the body. If it’s too warm outside, then at least periodically examine your body.
Ants
They can be found both at home, feeding on your supplies, and in nature. Ants bite painfully (especially red ones), and can also carry various pathogenic bacteria, such as typhoid fever and cholera. In any case, it is theoretically possible.
Safety measures: when in nature, carefully look under your feet so as not to accidentally step on an anthill. If you spot ants, try to stay away. If you see an ant crawling on you, quickly shake it off.
Cockroaches
Mostly in Russia there are red and black ones. They multiply very quickly and are capable of not only eating food supplies in the room, but also transmitting various infections, for example, dysentery or diphtheria. They can also crawl into natural openings on the human body, for example, the ears.
Safety precautions: fortunately, cockroaches are rarely seen on the street. They began to appear indoors less often. If you notice cockroaches, say, in your dacha, try using various baits and traps against them. By the way, cockroaches are afraid of cats, which can eat them.
Fleas
Safety precautions: Do not come into contact with stray animals, as they are more likely to contract fleas than domestic ones. When returning from the street, carefully check your clothes. If fleas or larvae are noticed, it should be sanitized immediately.
Mosquitoes and flies
Mr.Smith Chetanachan/Rusmediabank.ru
We often think of them as harmless, but they are not. These insects can serve as carriers of malaria, yellow fever, encephalitis, cholera, typhoid fever, and dysentery. And you can also get worms from flies.
Safety precautions: use repellents and others protective equipment from insects when you go outside. Mosquito nets must be used indoors.
Gadflies
These large, hairy, big-headed flies can lay larvae inside someone else's body, including a human body, destroying its tissue. They are especially dangerous if they get into the nose, throat and eyes.
Safety measures: if you notice a gadfly, it is better to move away. Use insect repellent.
Horseflies
They love to attack in a whole flock. Horsefly bites are very painful. Only females bite, secreting saliva with toxins and anticoagulants into the bite site. Such a wound does not heal for a long time. Allergic reactions and swelling may also occur. But what’s even worse is that these insects can carry pathogens such as anthrax, filariasis or tularemia.
Safety measures: the same as in the case of gadflies.
Hornets
PiccoloNamek - English wikipedia
The sting of a common wasp causes pain, but the sting of a hornet (only females have a sting) is truly dangerous to life and health. The venom secreted by the insect contains histamine and toxic substances. This can lead to a severe allergic reaction, and the acetylcholine contained in the same poison causes severe irritation of the nerve endings and acute pain at the site of the bite. In some cases, a hornet sting can lead to anaphylactic shock and death.
Security measures: the same.
Bees
Inara Prusakova/Rusmediabank.ru
are very painful, and swelling and redness of the skin immediately appear in their place. But if a bee bites a person with an allergy to bee venom (and there are many of them), it can end tragically. The victim may experience fever, chills and convulsions, dizziness and vomiting. Particularly dangerous bee stings to the region blood vessels, heads and oral cavity. As a rule, the patient simply does not have time to receive help and quickly dies.
Security measures: first of all, do not bother bee hives. If you see a bee, try not to disturb it in any way: bees rarely attack those who do not touch them, do not wave their arms, etc. It's better to move away.
Blister beetle
arz, commons.wikimedia
©entomart, Attribution, commons.wikimedia
There are about 70 species of this insect, and all of them are poisonous. The body of the blister beetle contains cantharidin, a substance that, when it comes into contact with the skin, leaves blisters and abscesses (hence the name of the insect). If the poison gets into the blood, it negatively affects the urinary tract, which can be fatal. It is known that during the Middle Ages, killings of these particular insects with the help of poison were widespread. People died in terrible agony, and no one could save them.
Safety measures: the only way to avoid this situation is to avoid all contact with the blister beetle. If he does bite you, it is better to consult a doctor without delay.
