April 1919
Based on the material received from the field, the course of the uprising is drawn as follows:
In Sengileevsky district
The rebellion began on March 3 in Novo-Devichenskaya and Russko-Bektyashinskaya volosts, then spread to Goryushkinskaya, Sobakinskaya, Terengulskaya and Popovskaya volosts. In the remaining volosts of the Sengileevsky district, only attempts at uprising were observed.
The reason for the uprising was the food issue in connection with the emergency tax. On this basis of the political underdevelopment of the population, the kulaks and White Guards threw out their provocative slogan: « Down with the communists! Long live the Bolsheviks and Soviet power! »
Novodevichy was the first to raise a criminal hand against the workers' and peasants' government; the main headquarters of the rebels was organized here; Here, some Soviet workers who came out to eliminate the beginning of the unrest were brutally killed. Those who took part in the movement were, first of all, the kulaks, the middle peasantry they provoked, and the poor people they terrorized. The leaders everywhere were kulaks, and in some places, as in Novodevichye and R[usskaya] Bektyashka - officers of the Nikolaev service; the clergy also blessed the entire dark flock on « exploits » . It is necessary to note the participation in the uprising of deserters, who numbered up to 400 people.
At present, the uprising has been liquidated everywhere, many agitators have been sent to the district. Further investigation into the causes and course of the mutiny continues.
Below is a copy of the appeal, which testifies to the existing connection between the rebels in the Sengileevsky district with the Stavropol district of the Samara province.
Copy of the appeal:
« Telephone message from the headquarters of the commander of the Elauri detachment. Appeal: « Citizens, the time has come, Orthodox Rus' has awakened, peasant peasants have risen. Orthodox citizens, we call for a general uprising, our enemy, who outraged our Orthodox faith, is fleeing. Respond to the uprising. Like God is with us. Commandant of Stavropol Dolinin. Authentically correct: S. Staroduben, secretary [signature illegible]. March 10, 1919 » .
Report of the Terengul Volost Council. On March 8, a crowd of peasants from the Novo-Devichenskaya and Tukshumskaya volosts of 200-300 people, armed with rifles, pitchforks and stakes, appeared in Terenga. Having arrested a detachment of pro-army soldiers, the crowd went to other institutions, such as the volost commissariat, the people's judge and the volost council, everywhere taking away cases and books, at the same time arresting employees and threatening them with lynching. The agitation came from the kulaks, the slogan put forward by the rebels was as follows: « Down with the communists, long live the Soviet government and the Workers' and Peasants' Organization! » The rebels took away weapons, money and food. The uprising in the Terengul volost was liquidated on March 16. The rebels shouted that they were dissatisfied with the food norm assigned to feed livestock. Only the following villages took part in the uprising: Terenga, Epifanovka and Yazykovo; the rest of the villages did not join the rebels.
Report of the instructor of the Sengileevsky district management department. Instructor Kurennaya was sent on March 4 to the village. Ignatovka to resolve the conflict. From here I headed to the village. Timoshkino, from where the chairman of the council, Baimatov, fled. This is a former businessman who managed to infiltrate the council; he collected 43,000 rubles. emergency tax and disappeared. Arriving in Sobakino, the instructor was detained by rebel peasants, who, after examining his documents, ordered him to remain in this village. At a meeting of delegates from the villages of Nazaikino and Zelentsa, calls and appeals were heard to the peasants of the village. Sobakina. The instructor attempted to pass a resolution, but was expelled from the meeting. After this, the village councils of Sobakino, Nazaikino, Zelenets and Verkhniye Koki were re-elected.
On March 12, a volost congress was convened to re-elect the volost executive committee. After reading the instructor’s documents, they decided to arrest him and send him to Terenga. When the instructor asked who the peasants were rebelling against, he was told: « Against communion » , and added that they stand for advice. Instructors arrested as an old Soviet employee. In Terenga he was put in prison, where there were already about 10 people who had been arrested before.
On March 13, an alarm occurred in this village. Peasants, armed with rifles, ran up to the main headquarters, boarded carts and left. The military leader at the main headquarters was a former senior policeman from a cement plant, who at one time, during the Czech attack on Sengilei, organized a detachment to catch the fleeing Red Army soldiers.
On March 14, all prisoners from prison were released, warning them to find free apartments, since a general meeting was to take place soon and they could be killed by lynching. The rebels here proclaimed their slogan: « Long live the Soviet government, down with the communists, long live the peasant party! » . The instructor fled from Terenga and with considerable difficulty reached Sengilei.
Syzran district
The uprising in Syzran district spread to the following volosts: Usinskaya, Shigonskaya, Usolskaya, Pecherskaya and Staro-Racheiskaya. As in Sengileevsky district, the uprising here was led by kulaks. On March 15, the uprising in the Staro-Racheiskaya volost was liquidated, and the rebels killed 6 people and wounded 10. Then the uprising was liquidated in the remaining volosts of the county.
From the material received from the field, the uprising spread in the following order:
In the village Usolye. On March 7, peasants from the Novo-Devichenskaya volost arrived at the building of the Volost Council in 100 carts. A crowd of 20-25 armed people under the leadership of a certain Serov presented the volost executive committee with a paper demanding that the Novo-Devichenskaya, Sancheleevskaya, Bektyashinskaya, Britovskaya and Yagodinskaya volosts join the rebels against the communists. It was proposed to resolve the issue of accession immediately, without delay for a minute. Members of the executive committee went into the next room for a meeting, but Serov declared them under arrest and sent them to the premises of the chief of the police of the 1st district of the Syzran district. While the prisoners were marching, threats were heard from the dark crowd about reprisals against them.
At night, a crowded meeting was held on the village square, to which residents of all the villages of the Usolsk volost came. A new executive committee of 13 people was elected, which met all night in the council building. On March 8, members of the village councils of Usolye and Berezovka were arrested. All day long there was a noisy meeting in the square. Finally the following slogan was proclaimed: « Down with the dominance of communists and anarchists! Long live the power of the Soviets on the platform of the October Revolution! » Then some members of the executive committee and the chairman were released from arrest, but they were forced to sit together with members of the new executive committee. The general meeting decided to join the uprising. It was decided: at the sound of the alarm bell, everyone should gather in the square. Attendance is mandatory for everyone, regardless of age; otherwise there was a risk of mob violence. The same order was extended to all surrounding villages. On this day, the manager of the water mill at the village was brought to the meeting. Lvov Kruglov, over whom the crowd committed lynching, beating him to death. Some of the more prudent ones made attempts to stop the angry crowd, but to no avail.
In the evening, at the sound of the bell, the square was filled with people, armed with whatever they could. Part of the crowd went to support the rebel villages - Pechersky and Usinsky. On March 9 - 10 and 11, crowds moved from one area to another, awaiting the approach of pacifying troops. On March 11, all the arrested members of the executive committee were released, and member Zimin was taken away by unknown persons from the Novodevichensky detachment. On the same day from the village. Pechersky received an offer from the approaching troops to surrender their weapons in order to avoid the needless shedding of blood. The proposal was accepted, as was made known in the villages of Zheguli, Novodevichye and Usinskoye. After this, the crowd laid down their arms and went home.
On the night of March 11, a similar order to surrender weapons was also received from the political commissar of the 4th Army headquarters from the village. Lviv. The order stated the expulsion of the agitators. At 2 a.m. the delegates returned to Usolye, accompanied by troops. Upon the arrival of the Red Army troops, the investigative commission identified the instigators who were shot; Among them, the chairman of the executive committee, Zakutilin, received retribution. Information on the number of those executed has not yet been received.
In Staraya Racheika. A notice was sent to Staro-Racheiskaya volost from the Berlin village council about Goryushkinskaya, Novo-Devichenskaya, Terengulskaya and other volosts joining the uprising against the actions of the communists.
According to the telegram received from Staraya Racheika, it is clear that on March 11 there was an uprising of the residents of the villages of Studenetsa and Racheika, which was liquidated by passing troops. It happened like this.
On March 11, delegates from the villages of Aleshkino and Smolkino and the village came to this village - Staraya Racheika. Students, who stated that the entire Sengileevsky district rebelled against the actions of the communists. Having called the population to the alarm of the bell, they called on them to join the rebels. On March 12, 10 armed peasants from the village arrived here. The Germans, in turn, gathered the population through the alarm. They arrested the railway guards and forcibly appointed local peasants to guard posts. On the same day a crowd arrived here from the village. Student and, in turn, gathered the population. After calls from three sides of Starai, Racheika agreed to join the rebels.
At the volost meeting of the Staro-Rachey volost, chaired by Eliseev, it was decided to join the rebel volosts, and delegates from different villages were sent to the surrounding villages with a call for an uprising. At the same meeting it was decided: to leave officials in their places to carry out the orders of the new government.
The village of Baideryakovo. On the night of March 9, an armed detachment consisting of 60 people came from Novodevichye to Kamyshin, arrested 9 Red Army soldiers who were here collecting firewood for the city of Syzran, and took them with them. 7 rifles and 1 saber taken from the soldiers were also taken away.
Protocol for examining corpses. On March 15, the head of the Syzran district police of the 11th district inspected the corpses killed and wounded on March 12 during the uprising of the population against Soviet power, and it turned out that at Staraya Racheika 18 people were killed during shelling and shot.
In the village Trinity. On March 9, an armed detachment of 60 peasants from the Novo-Devichenskaya volost came to the village and personally arrested various persons involved in Soviet power. The arrest of the members of the volost executive committee was not carried out, thanks only to the protest of local peasants. On March 10, those who came openly campaigned in favor of joining the uprising; insubordination was punishable by death threats. At the volost military meeting, it was decided not to join the uprising, but to confine itself to a request to the local authorities for relief in collecting grain surpluses and requisitioning livestock. On March 11, a crowd of 1,000 peasants from the Goryushkinskaya volost came to Troitskoye and demanded to join the uprising so that they could unite and go to Syzran together. Failure to comply with the demands was threatened with death. Under pressure from the excited masses, the village peasants. Troitsky had to submit and march to the villages of Chekalino and Demidovka, but on the evening of the 12th they returned to their village, categorically refusing to give help to the rebel volosts.
In Zhemkovskaya volost. On March 11, the peasants of Novodevichy under the leadership of Tolstoy came to the Zhemkovsky Volost Council and sounded the alarm. When the population gathered, the newcomers ordered the crowd to join them and, having arrested Soviet employees, left the village. The peasants who remained in the village freed those arrested.
Information from the village. Eremkino. On March 10, during a meeting of peasants, a paper was received from the Aleshkinsky village council calling for an uprising. The meeting ignored this call without any attention. But the next day two delegates from the village appeared. B. Borla, who persistently asked to convene a meeting, promising to read some secret documents. At the meeting they read a telegram with the following content: « The general uprising of Orthodox peasants improves, the rebel villages advance as far as Krumec. The communists are rushing to the mountain side, the attack on Krushchevka (on Khryashchevka, probably) was repulsed, the volosts fought back against 90 cavalry men and 250 foot soldiers, the communists tried to set fire to the village, but were repulsed, taken prisoner, a small part of the communist cavalry fled to Bely Yar. Commandant Dolinin, military leader Korolev » . On March 12, the meeting re-elected the council. In the evening two delegates from Studenets appeared asking for help. The population of Eremkino, joining the crowd with. Aleshkino spoke out, but soon they realized the mistake of their action, and they returned back to their village.
Actions of the communist cell. Eremkino. On March 10, members of the communist cell met at a meeting at which it was decided to request the sending of an armed detachment from the Staraya Racheika in order to quietly introduce it into the rebel villages, and as soon as the provocateurs calling for an uprising appeared, to arrest them. But the cell was refused to send a detachment due to the lack of Red Army soldiers. Then the members of the cell headed to the village. Aleshkino, where a paper calling for an uprising was received on March 11. Members of the cell tried to stop the peasants from taking a criminal step, but their efforts were unsuccessful. Having failed, the members of the cell went to the village. Smolkino and, waiting until the peasants began to pass by. Aleshkino, tried to convince them to return to their village. Peasants from Eremkino and the villages of Aleshkino and Smolkino, having arrived in Studenets, forced the local population to join them and began to organize. The uprising was eliminated by passing troops, and 12 people were shot; a large number were arrested and sent to Syzran.
In Askul volost. A weak uprising took place in the Askul volost, and it broke out entirely under the pressure of the Zhegulevsk volost and some volosts of the Stavropol district. The reason for the uprising was the spread of rumors that requisitioned horses and harnesses for military purposes were transferred to the communes. The uprising lasted only one day. The arrested communists were released by the rebels on their own initiative. The next day a detachment of Red Army soldiers appeared and were arrested.
In Pechersk volost. The beginning of the agitation calling for an uprising came from the leaders who arrived at 12 o'clock at night on March 9 from the Usolskaya volost. The local council was arrested by the Usol leaders. Through agitation, the rebellion from the Pechersk volost spread to the Aleksandrovskaya, Verkhne-Pecherskaya and Kartsevskaya volosts of the Samara district. The uprising continued on March 9-10 and 11. On March 12, a detachment of the 4th Army arrived and took away the weapons from the rebels. According to the verdict of the military court, 10 people were shot and three were arrested.
In Karsun district
On March 15, under the influence of kulak agitation, an uprising began in some volosts of the Karsun district. It is not possible to accurately determine the causes of the uprising. In all likelihood, the infection spread from within the Sengileevsky district. The rebels put forward the following formula with their slogan: « Down with the communists, long live the Soviets! » The city of Karsun was declared under siege, and a military revolutionary headquarters was formed.
The first action took place in Soplevka; a detachment of 30 communists was sent there. But it was not possible to liquidate the uprising, because... rebels They turned out to be well organized and among them there were people who knew military tactics very well. Without waiting for reinforcements and receiving information about the uprising in other parishes, squad Communists returned back to Karsun on March 17. The uprising from Soplevka spread to other volosts, which was facilitated by sending delegates with various appeals to the villages. The rebels, annexing one village to another, suddenly attacked the city of Karsun.
On March 18, at about 2 o'clock in the afternoon, a mass of rebels of the kulak element began to attack the city of Karsun from two sides with rifle shots; in the evening the gang occupied one part of the city and stopped there. It must be assumed that the rebels only decided to attack the city because, exhausted and freezing from the cold, they had nowhere to go, especially since night was falling and a strong blizzard was raging.
On the morning of March 19, when a detachment arrived from Alatyr, the rebels were driven out of the city and evacuated to their volosts and villages. After the evacuation of the gangs in the city, life went on as usual, quite calmly, and detachments were sent to the district to eliminate the ongoing uprisings.
During the rebellion from March 15 to 20, about 25 people fell victim to debt on the part of the communists of the Karsun organization, not counting those killed from local cells; The exact number of deaths has not yet been determined. Among those who fell during the uprising were: Chesnokov, Repinsky, Protasov and other prominent workers. The reprisal against the communists was brutal. From the visible signs on the corpses it is clear that they were mostly killed with blunt instruments such as clubs, stakes and other peasant household items, such as pitchforks, axes, etc. After the murder, the corpses were lowered into rivers under the ice.
All power to eliminate the uprising in the district was transferred to the military revolutionary headquarters, and only after it became clear that the uprising had begun to fade; the investigation of its causes and the identification of the instigators was entrusted to the newly organized emergency investigative commission, which is now conducting the case with sufficient success.
Classes in institutions were not held only on March 19, but the rest of the days they continued as normal. At present, it is clear from information coming from the field that the uprising has been liquidated.
Simbirsk district
In Chufarovskaya volost. A counter-revolutionary uprising took place in the Chufarovskaya volost. The leaders of the uprising, brothers Sergei and Nikolai Durmanov, on March 2, having traveled around all the villages of the volost, gathered a full volost gathering (300 people), at which they intended to kill the head of the volost administration and his brother, as communists, and also tried to elect a new council.
The Tashlin soldiers' cell of sympathizers reports that the village council is entirely under the influence of the local kulaks, and the entire population is clearly counter-revolutionary thanks to provocateurs seeking to undermine Soviet power. The local bourgeoisie is especially hostile to communist cells. The rest of the parishes are calm. There were no counter-revolutionary protests, and the population was inclined towards Soviet power.
Enlightenment of the peasants. Meeting of the general meeting of citizens. A student of the Staro-Racheiskaya volost in the presence of 500 people on March 24, the following resolution was passed: « Having thoroughly discussed the issue of what happened in the village. The student uprising thanks to our darkness and ignorance and succumbing to the agitation of dark forces, we, citizens of the village. Students, unanimously decided: to send a curse to the dark forces, which with cunning tricks seduced us, irresponsible and dark peasants, to rebel against the Soviet power we installed, we deeply repent for our actions, we swear that this mistake will not be repeated in the future, neither by us nor by our generation, but by Having made a bitter mistake, we declare that at the first call of the Soviet government, we will all stand up as one person to defend the Soviet government, governed by the Communist Party, and will carry out all orders of the central and local authorities without delay; At the same time, we ask the military revolutionary committee of the city of Syzran and the district to release our citizens from arrest. Students taken during the liquidation of the uprising » .
Similar resolutions are received from other volosts.
Head provincial management department
Head information and instructional department
Secretary [signature illegible]
See document: Report of the management department of the Sengileevsky executive committee to the Simbirsk provincial executive committee on the causes of the peasant uprising (end of March 1919).
In the text: "in".
So it is in the text.
Text reproduced: Peasant movement in the Volga region. 1919 - 1922: Documents and materials. - M., 2002. S. 237 - 243.
REPORT ON
RESEARCH WORK
School club "Young local historians"
"Participants
Patriotic War of 1812 – OUR COUNTRYMEN.”
This year marks the 200th anniversary of the start of the Patriotic War of 1812. A war that united the entire Russian people, regardless of religion, social origin, or nationality, to fight for the Fatherland. Both nobles, landowners, officials, as well as clergy and peasants took part in this war.
We are proud that on the territory of our Ulyanovsk region, the former Simbirsk province, the Simbirsk people's militia was formed.
The Simbirsk people's militia consisted of four regiments: three infantry and one cavalry regiment.
The third infantry regiment was formed from our fellow countrymen. I would especially like to note that the main officer corps consisted of natives of the village of Krotkovo and the neighboring villages of Tukshum and Podyachevka (which at that time were part of the parish of the village of Krotkovo).
In the school museum “Our Past and Present” there is a partial list of soldiers of the 3rd Infantry Regiment of the Simbirsk People's Militia (our fellow countrymen), approved by the director of the local history museum in Sengilei on the basis of archival references.
In August, lists of officers of all four regiments of the Simbirsk People's Militia were published on the website of the Chairman of the Committee for Cultural Heritage of the Ulyanovsk Region.
Having compared these documents, we were convinced that the officers of the 3rd Infantry Regiment mainly consisted of our fellow countrymen.
Below we present a list and in red we denote warriors who were natives of the villages of Krotkovo, Tukshum, and Podyachevka.
List of officers of the 3rd Sengileevsky Infantry Regiment of the Simbirsk People's Militia
(place of formation of the regiment - Sengilei,
The regiment was formed in 1812 mainly from residents of the Sengileevsky and Syzran districts of the Simbirsk province
(from the website of the Committee for Cultural Heritage of the Ulyanovsk Region)
Regimental commanders: Lieutenant Colonel Nikanor Stepanovich Topornin;
Lieutenant Colonel Polehty Evgrafovich Suvchinsky
Battalion commanders:
1st Battalion
– Major Alexander Ivanovich Samoilov;
Major Alexander Ignatievich Suvchinsky
2nd Battalion
– captain Alexander Mansyrev;
Staff Captain Nikolai Vasilievich Shubin
3rd Battalion
- Captain Nikolai Rodionov;
Staff Captain Kirill Maksimovich Saltakazin
Majors :
Alexander Sabanin
Alexey Panov
Evgraf Sukhov
Alexey Tatarinov
Captains:
Ivan Voeikov
Staff captains:
Alexander Neronov
Fedor Timashev
Elisey Timofeev
Fedor Romanov
Nikolay Pantsyrev
Lieutenants:
Alexander Balakhontsev
Ivan Gorodetskoy
Gavril Tebelev
Vladimir Vraskoy
Artemy Akulov
Second Lieutenants:
Alexey Chausov
Dmitry Yakovlev
Stepan Topornin
Mikhail Uvarov
Petr Nikiforov
Semyon Shelegov
Pavel Markov
Nikolay Sudoplatov
Afrikant Sudoplatov
Ensigns:
Pavel Vraskoy
Ivan Simonov
Ivan Ivtov
Tarkil Karpov
Ivan Vikhlyaev
Andreyan Fofanov
Guryan Yudin
Ivan Gorbunov
Andrey Vishnyakov
Vasily Vishnyakov
Stepan Kuznetsov
Fedr Khovrin
Grigory Yazykov
Ilya Trutovsky
Pavel Krasheninnikov
Petr Chegodaev
Pavel Chegodaev
Alexander Yurlov
Alexander Arsentiev
Petr Yakovlev
Ivan Likhachev
Vasily Yakovlev
Stepan Pilyugin
Efgraf Davydov
Dmitry Chernenkov
Vasily Kanabeev
Alexander Sokovnin
Asaf Ppound
Nikolay Popov
List (partial) of participants in the Patriotic War of 1812.
residents of the village of Krotkovo and nearby villages of Sengileevsky district, Simbirsk province, Samara volost
(available in the museum of the municipal educational institution Krotkovskaya secondary school)
1. A R Sentiev Alexander- ensign of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia, 1812. Podyachevka, (native of Sengileevsky district)
2. Akulov Artem th - Lieutenant of the 3rd Infantry Regiment of the Simbirsk People's Militia in 1812. village Nikolaevka.
3. Balakhontsev Alexander- Lieutenant of the 3rd Infantry Regiment of the Simbirsk People's Militia in 1812. village Nikolaevka. S.N.O. Awarded the Order of St. Anne, 3rd degree.
4. Vishnyakov Vasily
5. Vishnyakov Andrey S.N.O.
6. Vikhleev Ivan- ensign of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia in 1812. Podyachevka, (native of Sengileevsky district) S. N.O.
7. IN R Askoy Pavel- ensign of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia in 1812. Podyachevka, (native of Sengileevsky district) S. N.O.
8. Voeikov Ivan.- captain, 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia, 1812. Podyachevka, (native of Sengileevsky district) S. N.O. 1812 Awarded the Order of St. Vladimir, 4th class. with a bow.
9. Vraskoy Vladimir. - lieutenant of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia in 1812. Podyachevka, (native of Sengileevsky district) S. N.O.
10. Gorbunov Ivan- ensign of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia in 1812. Podyachevka, (native of Sengileevsky district)
11. Gorodetsky Ivan- lieutenant of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia in 1812. Old Tukshum, (native of Sengileevsky district)
12. Davydov Efgraf- ensign of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia in 1812. Krotkovo, (native of Sengileevsky district)
13. Likhaev Ivan- ensign of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia in 1812. Podyachevka, (native of Sengileevsky district) S. N.O. 1812
14. Mansyrev Alexander- captain of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia in 1812. Krotkovo, (native of Sengileevsky district) S. N.O. 1812
15. Markov Pavel- second lieutenant of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia in 1812. Old Tukshum, (born in Sengileevsky district) S. N.O. 1812
16. Neronov Alexander– staff – captain, 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia, 1812. Art. Tukshum, (born in Sengileevsky district) S. N.O. 1812
17. Yurlov Alexander- ensign of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia in 1812. Krotkovo, (native of Sengileevsky district) S. N.O. 1812 He ended the war in Paris, as part of the regular Rylsky regiment.
18. Panov Alexey participant in the Patriotic War of 1812. the major was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir, 4th degree with a bow of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia in 1812. Krotkovo, (native of Sengileevsky district)
19. Pantsyrev Nikolay- staff - captain of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia, 1812. Podyachevka, (native of Sengileevsky district)
20. Pi lju gin Stepan- ensign of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia in 1812. Podyachevka, (native of Sengileevsky district) S. N.O.
21. Popov Nikolay- ensign of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia in 1812. Krotkovo, (native of Sengileevsky district) S. N.O. He ended the war in Paris as part of a regular infantry regiment.
22. Ppound Asaph- ensign of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia in 1812. Podyachevka, (native of Sengileevsky district)
23. Romanov Fedor- staff - captain of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia, 1812. Krotkovo, (native of Sengileevsky district) Finished the war in Paris. SNO
24. Sablin Alexander- officer of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia in 1812. Podyachevka, (native of Sengileevsky district) S. N.O.
25. Saltakazin Kirill- staff - captain of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia, 1812. Podyachevka, (native of Sengileevsky district) S. N.O.
26. – commander, lieutenant colonel of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia, 1812. Art. Tukshum, (born Sengileevsky and Syzran districts) September 16, 1812
27. Topornin Stepan– second lieutenant of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia in 1812. Art. Tukshum, (born in Sengileevsky district) S. N.O.
28. Trutovskoy Ilya- ensign of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia in 1812. Art. Tukshum, (born in Sengileevsky district) S. N.O. He ended the war in Paris.
29. Tatarinov Alexey- Major of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia, 1812. Art. Tukshum, (born in Sengileevsky district)
30. Tebelev Gavril- lieutenant of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia in 1812. Art. Tukshum, (born in Sengileevsky district) S. N.O.
31. Timashev Fedor- staff - captain of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia, 1812. Krotkovo, (native of Sengileevsky district) S. N.O.
32. Timofeev Elisey- - staff - captain of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia 1812. Krotkovo, (native of Sengileevsky district) S. N.O.
33. Uvarov Mikhail- second lieutenant of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia in 1812. Podyachevka, (native of Sengileevsky district) S. N.O.
34. Fedorchukov Frol- second lieutenant of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia in 1812. Art. Tukshum, (born in Sengileevsky district) S. N.O.
35. Fofanov Andrian- ensign of the 3rd infantry regiment of the Simbirsk people's militia in 1812. village Nikolaevka. S.N.O. Awarded the Order of St. Anne, 3rd degree.
36. Khovrin Fedor- washerman of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia in 1812. Podyachevka, (native of Sengileevsky district) S. N.O.
37. Chausov Alexander
38. Chegodaev Pavel
39. Chegodaev Petr- ensign of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia, 1812. Podyachevka, (native of Sengileevsky district) S. N.O.
40. Chernenkov Dmitry- ensign of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia in 1812. Krotkovo, (native of Sengileevsky district) S. N.O.
41. Shelegov Semyon- second lieutenant of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia in 1812. Podyachevka, (native of Sengileevsky district) S. N.O.
42. Shubin Nikolay – staff captain of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia, 1812. Podyachevka, (native of Sengileevsky district) S. N.O.
43. Yudin Guryan – ensign of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia, 1812. Krotkovo, (native of Sengileevsky district) S. N.O. Finished the war in Paris as part of the regular Poltava regiment
44. Yakovlev Evgeniy-- ensign of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia, 1812. Art. Tukshum, (born in Sengileevsky district) S. N.O.
45. Yakovlev Dmitry-- second lieutenant of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia in 1812. Art. Tukshum, (born in Sengileevsky district) S. N.O.
46. Yakovlev Vasily– ensign - 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia, 1812. Art. Tukshum, (born in Sengileevsky district) S. N.O.
47. Yakovlev Peter - ensign of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia, 1812. Art. Tukshum, (born in Sengileevsky district) S. N.O.
48. Yazykov Grigory-- ensign of the 3rd regiment of the Simbirsk militia, 1812. Podyachevka (native of Sengileevsky district) S. N.O. He ended the war in Paris.
Copy is right
Head Museum of Sengilei
Lenin Street 22
On the schematic map of Simbirsk, Sengilei and Voetskoe village form an irregular triangle. The village is located in the lower left part of its base.
I must say, I was extremely lucky. Turning to searching on the Internet, I quickly came across a link to a mention of the village of interest in the memoirs of a hitherto unknown gendarmerie colonel, Erasmus Ivanovich Stogov:
« Voetskoe village stood on the small river Gusche, the border of the village was this river, and all the land that belonged to the village went from the houses to the steppe and was limited by the large river Sviyaga. Between these rivers there was a distance of 13 versts; the rivers were parallel. I don’t remember to whom this land was donated under Catherine II, but the first owner seized it without measure - the width of the steppe was also 12-13 miles. The land was sold in parts, divided by inheritance, so that there were 15 landowners in Voetsky, and I was the richest. They divided the dacha between themselves from the village to the Sviyaga River.
An old map from 1808 well illustrates the succinct description of the village given above. I can assume that the border of the Sengileevskaya district with the neighboring Simbirsk district, which partially coincides with the Sviyaga River, is indicated in red. Indeed, in this place Sviyaga and Guscha are almost parallel. Further, in the northeast, Gushcha flows into Sviyaga.
The date of formation of this village is unknown. But we can assume with a high degree of confidence that its name reflects the name of the first settler of these places, who once founded a repair or farm, or the first owner who received land on the banks of the Gushchi River as a gift from Catherine II. In addition, there really was a Russian noble family of the Voetskys, “which originated from Alexei Voetsky, who established the estate in 1624. Recorded in the VI part of the genealogical books of the Kazan, Simbirsk, Orenburg and Ufa provinces.”
For reference.
I open the genealogical “Dictionary of the Kazan nobility 1785-1917,” prepared by employees of the National Archives of the Republic of Tatarstan on the basis of the richest archival funds. There is scant information about the Voetsky nobles, included in the 6th part of the genealogical books of the nobles of the Orenburg and Kazan provinces and enshrined in law by the decree of the Heraldry of July 5, 1851. Two names: father Voetsky Nikolai Grigorievich and his son Nikolai Nikolaevich with his wife - the daughter of Major General Nadezhda Alexandrova, nee Rostov. Years of life are not indicated. Among the real estate assets, the wife of Nikolai Nikolaevich in the city of Kazan owns a stone house, in the village. Levashev of Spassky district 138 souls of peasants who passed on to her from her mother. That's all the information. However, the basis for entering this entry into the genealogical dictionary lists 13 archival storage units, i.e. files containing information about the Voetsky nobles of the Kazan province.
But let's return to the memories of Erasmus Ivanovich Stogov. He was transferred to the gendarme corps from the naval department in 1831. In 1833 he was appointed gendarmerie staff officer in Simbirsk. He talks very curiously about the motives for such a radical change in his career:
“If we look at my transition to the gendarmes, then one of the important reasons was my desire to get married. Having become a member of Simbirsk society and feeling well and firmly standing, although I danced, I did not forget to look for a bride. Simbirsk is distinguished by good-looking young ladies. There have never been any troops in the Simbirsk province, most of the youth are in the service, brides can be rowed with a shovel. In the city itself, the list I compiled showed 126 generous brides, that is, those with a dowry of more than 100 souls; with few exceptions, I could marry anyone.”
The gendarme colonel soon carried out his matrimonial plans; he chose as his bride the daughter of the wealthy landowner Yegor Nikolaevich Motovilov, who had an estate in Tsilna, 60 versts from Simbirsk. The practicality of the newly-made groom was fully evident in the choice of a gift for the bride. Instead of precious jewelry and other frills, he planned to give his bride Anna Yegorovna a village. The choice fell on an estate for sale in the village of Voetskoye. An entertaining episode told by Erasmus Ivanovich is connected with this estate.
“I’ll go back to Simbirsk again and talk about special land surveying in the Simbirsk province. The Emperor said: whoever dissociates himself voluntarily will be given excess land against the fortresses, and if the government begins to survey, then the excess land will be cut off for the treasury. I said that, when I was a groom, I bought an estate in the village of Voetskoe, I remember, from 50 to 60 souls, in the name of my bride Anyuta.
However, no one had firm grounds for owning the land; they owned it according to some legends. Having understood the whole matter, I clearly saw that if the treasury was cut off for the serfs, then we would be left with barely a third of the land. Everything told the mind that it was necessary to separate ourselves amicably, then the whole land would be ours.
The plan taken for the common dacha could not conveniently divide the dacha for everyone, and it was impossible to give Esipov only the road. I gathered all the landowners in my house in Voetsky, made a decent speech about the need to disengage amicably. I was the first to express consent to any division of the land and, having proposed a plan, asked to discuss and decide how to demarcate. Everyone said in one voice:
– Where should we talk, how you divide, so it will be.
I clearly stated and proved that since we are sitting on the Gusche River, the division cannot be convenient for everyone. Although the dacha is almost a square and all the land is of the same quality, it can be divided harmlessly only when someone moves to Sviyaga, but since the resettlement of peasants will cause a lot of trouble and expenses, then anyone who wants to move, we jointly provide carts for transportation and We give 10 rubles to each peasant household.
- So, gentlemen, who would like to move to Sviyaga? – I asked.
“For goodness’ sake,” everyone said in one voice, “who can agree to resettlement, this is impossible for us.”
- Okay, gentlemen, I’m richer than everyone else, I don’t require help with carts, I don’t ask for 10 rubles. to the yard, but I wish to move and leave you the vegetable gardens and hemp fields; you will divide among yourself, and there will be room for everyone, and the separation will be convenient. So, do you agree to my proposal?
The three declared that they could not agree.
- From what?
“Maybe the land is better there,” they said.
- Okay, so here’s help and money for you, go there.
- For mercy’s sake, who will go there, it’s impossible!
- Well, then I’ll go there without help and without money.
“We don’t agree to this, maybe the land is better there.”
- Gentlemen, do you need to share?
- It’s necessary, no one argues.
“It’s impossible to separate the way we’re sitting.”
- Apparently, it’s impossible.
-You don’t want to move?
- Nobody wants.
- So I will move.
“We can’t agree to this, maybe the land is better there.”
- Well, how do we split up? Is it necessary to separate?
From midday until sunset I struggled and struggled, even became hoarse, but achieved nothing, so we parted ways.
In Voetskoye there was a poor landowner, an old man, retired major Pyotr Ivanovich Romanov; he was not a wise man, but he was of sound mind; he lived in Voetskoye all the time. I made this old man commandant and chief of police in Voetskoe. At my request, the police chief ordered all peasants to obey Romanov, and I even entrusted him with my farming, for which I sometimes gave the old man gifts. The old man was silent and sat aside, saying that he agreed to everything. When everyone left without any result, the old man began to laugh at me, saying:
- Did you take a lot with your eloquence?
- For mercy’s sake, commandant, I don’t understand anything here, these are crazy people.
- And you thought everyone was smart, you see, you dissolved syllogisms, but took a lot? All of you today's talkers are like that, where it is necessary to do, so you are a red byte.
- What should we do now, commander, because we can’t leave it like this?
– Why leave; because of three fools, everyone is in trouble... Goodbye, send me some tea and sugar, I’ll send for you, give you some tea and get drunk with you, and until then don’t leave the house.
He came with an invitation from Romanov. I'm coming; The small, clean house looks so cute that it even becomes fun. The old man is single, neat and tidy. He met me with a finger on his lips and a whip in his right hand, received me ceremoniously, sat me down and said loudly:
“The gentlemen came to me with a request to forgive them to you; they did not understand your proposals just now, but after thinking it over, they agreed (at this time he showed the whip). I ask you to forgive them, here is a love story, they signed for your resettlement, you should only sign.
I signed without really understanding how it was done. Then Romanov unlocked the locked door of the partition and said:
- Come out, gentlemen, the colonel is not angry.
Three debaters came out timidly and noticeably glanced at the whip, and Romanov said:
-Now go.
They left very soon.
“Tell me, for God’s sake, old man, how did you persuade them?”
- So I started to persuade them, gave them five hot whips, they signed, and I locked them up so that they could see that you also signed. You can’t do anything with such people with reasons and syllogisms, for them it’s a whip - they listen.”
E.I. Stogov. Memories
As I already wrote, I consider it a great success to find on the Internet these memoirs of a colonel of the Russian army, a historian and writer of everyday life of Siberia. One brief description of the village of Voetskoe, which interested me, would have been enough; not every one of the thousands and thousands of villages has received such an honor. I think we should introduce readers closer to the author of such vivid, colorful memories. But this is a topic for the next one.
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In the photo before the article is the Guscha River today.
The first schematic map shows a fragment of the Simbirsk province with the Sengileevsky district in the center.
