When drilling holes in parts made of metal, the tool used is subject to active wear, which leads to intense heating of the drills and, as a consequence, to their failure. To avoid this, it is necessary to regularly restore their geometric parameters, and it helps to do this as accurately and efficiently as possible special device For drill sharpening. This simple device, which you can make yourself, allows you to quickly and efficiently sharpen dull drills and not spend money on purchasing new ones.

A device designed for sharpening drills is especially relevant in cases where these tools often have to be used on metal, as a result of which they quickly wear out and require regular restoration. When processing wood, the drill used for these purposes practically does not wear out and, accordingly, requires minimal attention to the parameters of its sharpening. For drills whose cutting part is equipped carbide inserts, such a device is also not particularly significant, since they are practically not subject to regrinding and are used by craftsmen until they are completely worn out or broken.

Many experienced specialists do not use sharpening devices at all, completely relying on their experience and eye. However, as practice shows, in such cases it is better to use devices that allow mechanization this process. This will ensure maximum accuracy and the required quality of the result.

On modern market There are many devices for sharpening drills that allow you to quickly, efficiently and accurately restore the geometry of the cutting tool, even if you have no experience in performing such procedures. Meanwhile, you can not spend money on purchasing such devices, but make the simplest machine for sharpening drills with your own hands.

Manufacturing options

Whatever device or machine is used to sharpen a drill for metal, its quality must be controlled. For this, a special template is used, which can also be serial or made by hand. This template is necessary primarily to control the accuracy of the angles of the cutting part, which are formed during the process of sharpening the drill. Tools used for working with various materials, differ from each other, including the values ​​of such angles. You can find out the exact values ​​of the latter from the reference table.

Working with different materials and knowing the angles of the cutting part of drills for such materials, you can make several templates at once and use them to control the correct sharpening of the same drill, which in this case acts as a universal tool.

As the simplest device for sharpening drills, you can use a sleeve with an internal diameter corresponding to the transverse size of the drill, rigidly fixed to reliable basis at a certain angle. When selecting a sleeve for such a device, you must ensure that the diameter of its internal hole strictly corresponds to the transverse size of the drill being sharpened. The tool being processed should not be allowed to dangle in such a hole, since even a 1–2° deviation of its axis from the required value can seriously reduce the quality and accuracy of the sharpening performed.

It is better to immediately equip a homemade device for sharpening drills with a holder made of copper or aluminum tubes, the internal diameters of which correspond to standard sizes the drills you use most often. You can do it simpler and supplement such a device used for sharpening drills, wooden block. Holes must be drilled in the block corresponding to the sizes of tools of various diameters. The most important element The design of such a device is a handy tool that simultaneously solves several important problems:

• ensures correct fixation of the drill and its precise movement in relation to the surface of the grinding wheel;
• acts as a reliable support for the tool being processed.

A similar device based on an oak block with holes different diameters It was also used by our grandfathers, who used it to perform high-quality and precise sharpening of drills. The main problem that must be solved homemade machine or a device used for sharpening drills - correctly orient the cutting part of the drill being processed in relation to work surface grinding wheel.

To make a homemade machine for sharpening drills, you can use various designs similar devices. The corresponding drawings are easy to find on the Internet. Moreover, if you understand the operating principle of such a device, then you can make your own sharpening machine according to your own design.

Drawings of fixture parts

Promopore Promopore platform Movable platform
Drill bit mount and stop screw Turntable Bolts, nuts, pins and washers

Exists important rule which must be observed when working with such a device: during its use, the drill being sharpened should not rotate around its axis. If the tool rotates even by small angle, sharpening will have to be done again.

After sharpening the drill, it should be allowed to cool. Then you need to check its restored geometric parameters using a template. It must be borne in mind that the cutting edges of the tool may differ from each other in length by no more than tenths of a millimeter. It is especially important to comply with this requirement for drills with a small diameter.

Among the mistakes made when sharpening drills using such a device, two of the most typical ones stand out.

1. The length of the cutting edges, even with their symmetry and correctly selected angles, is not the same; accordingly, the drilling center is shifted relative to the tool axis. A drill that was sharpened with such an error will create a strong runout during the drilling process, and it will be quite difficult to get it into the center of the future hole on the surface of the workpiece. A tool sharpened in this way is highly likely to break during further use.
2. When the drill is accurately centered, the angles at which its cutting edges are located are asymmetrical. Since this causes only one cutting edge to work, drilling will occur slowly, while the tip of the tool will actively heat up. This will lead to the tempering of the metal from which the drill is made, and the hole created will be broken (will have a diameter greater than the transverse size of the tool itself).

How to make a machine for sharpening twist drills

As a basis for making a drill sharpening machine spiral type You can use any serial grinding unit that can operate without runout and withstand significant loads. When equipping such a machine additional accessories The following requirements must be met.

• The axis of the tool rest must coincide with the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel, and it can be located with it in the same horizontal plane or be taller than her.
• All elements of the structure being created must be securely fixed to ensure the safety of sharpening work.
• The design of the device must allow sharpening of drills both manually and semi-automatically.
• The device of the tool rest should allow the drill shank to be positioned at any angle.

The manufacture of this device for sharpening drills does not require complex technical devices and scarce materials, which will have to be purchased additionally. All components can be found in almost any home workshop or garage. As equipment and tools with which such components will be modified before assembling the device, you can use an ordinary grinder and a welding machine.

Since the stop of such a device must be oscillating, which is necessary for sharpening drills in a semi-automatic mode, a loop connection should be used to fix it. When selecting a tube, bracket and bolt for the fastening unit, you should keep in mind that there should be no play in the device. The homemade product of the proposed design has two degrees of freedom.

The platform of such a device, on which the drill being processed is fixed, has the ability to rotate along a vertical axis, making it possible to change the sharpening angle of the tool. In addition, the tool rest, resting on a horizontal axis, can make oscillatory movements, which ensures correct articulation during sharpening.

For making structural elements such a device is used sheet metal of various thicknesses, namely:

• support plate – 4 mm;
• drill guide plate – 5 mm;
• other structural elements - 3 mm.

The tool rest, on the top of which the support plate is installed, must be securely fixed to the body of the sharpening machine. For this, an additional metal “cheek” is used, connected to the device bracket.

The guide plate, on the surface of which it is necessary to make a triangular groove designed to accommodate the tool being processed, is fixed on the support plate using a screw connection.

Device and design features The drill sharpening device in question allows it to rotate up to 90°. Thanks to this ability, you can sharpen drills using this device using almost any of the methods used today.

The drill, sharpened using such a device, fits into the guide groove and can move freely in it in the longitudinal direction. In this case, the sharpening angle of the tool does not change.

Since the upper surface of the support plate is located slightly above the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel, when using such a device, the optimal sharpening shape of the back surface of the drill is achieved.

The process of sharpening drills using such a device is as follows.

• The tool is positioned in the guide groove of the fixture so that its cutting edge is parallel to the edge of the guide plate.
• After adjusting the position, the drill is slowly fed to the working surface of the rotating grinding wheel.

The process of working with such a device is well demonstrated in a video that is easy to find on the Internet.

Despite the simplicity of the design, such a device ensures high accuracy of sharpening, for quality control of which you don’t even need to use a template. If you fix the swing plate of this device at a fixed angle, it can also be used for sharpening drills equipped with carbide inserts.

In order to successfully sharpen metal drills, most of which are made from high speed steel, you must use a sufficiently hard grinding wheel. For this purpose, you can use an abrasive tool made of silicon carbide. Such wheels, which can be identified by their green color and 64C marking, should have a grain size in the range of 8H - 16H. When using discs made of this material, you must keep in mind that they become very hot during operation, so you should not allow the drill to be sharpened to be in prolonged contact with the abrasive tool. To prevent overheating of the drill when sharpening it on such a disk, the tool must be regularly cooled using aqueous solution soda

You need to keep your drill bits sharp and special machine during the day with fire you won’t find it even in specialized stores? And make a machine for sharpening drills with your own hands. You can easily cope with the assembly of a simple structure if you have at least a little experience in working with basic tools.

Homemade machine

A drill sharpening device can be of great value in household since with the help of this device you can independently sharpen drills of any diameter and type. In addition to making a special unit, you will need an electric motor with a grindstone.

Basic materials:

1. Metal plate with holes – 1 pc.;
2. Bolt or stud 70x15 mm long;
3. Set of washers;
4. Corner – 30x30 or 40x40;
5. Plates – 3-4 mm thick;
6. Cotter pin – 30x1.5 mm;
7. Clamps.

In addition to materials, you will need tools for machining and joining them, in particular electric welding and a grinder.

Tools:

1. Electric welding.
2. Drill.
3. Bulgarian.
4. Hammer with impact attachments.
5. Special clamps 2 pcs.
6. Wrenches.
7. Pliers.

Manufacturing process:

1. Making the mounting plate

The mounting plate is made of a metal lining with holes about 3-4 mm thick. On one side, the part is cut off by 3 centimeters, while during cutting it is necessary to preserve the finished hole. The cut-off part will be needed to make the next part of the sharpening device, and a large element will be used for lining when installing the product on the table.

2. Angle for fixing the drill

The element is designed to fix the drill during sharpening. It is made by cutting off part of a regular 30x30 or 40x40 corner. The total length varies between 60-90 mm, while the outer part is cut at an angle of 60 degrees to give the sharpened plane the desired level.

3. Fastening for fixing angle

The cut-off part with a hole from the plate is connected to another metal plate, while the elements are superimposed on each other and electric welded to the corner. For welding, you should cut a mounting cutout on the plates in order to install the parts end-to-end and weld them.

A hole is drilled in the connected parts to the diameter of the bolt or stud, and the parts themselves are carefully welded on all sides to impart rigidity.

4. Welding the bolt

A bolt or pin is designed to fix the angle. The element is welded at an angle of 75 degrees to the main plate. During scalding, the lower plane should be taken into account, and if necessary, remove slag to prevent distortion of the product.

5. Attaching the washer to the bolt

The washer is installed on the bolt at a level of 25 mm from the upper extreme part. The approximate diameter is 30 mm. The element is welded using electric welding in the desired design position, observing all plane levels.

6. Hole in the stud

If there is no hole for installing a cotter pin in the bolt (stud), you need to make one using a drill and a drill of the required diameter. This technical element will be used to secure the fixing angle. The diameter may vary, but the main condition is reliable fixation.

7. Drill stop

It is made of a metal rod and a special vice clamp. The rod is welded to the fixing angle from below. Clamping mechanism mounted on a rod, while the device should be equipped with a special cup-support for the drill from the corner.

The system is mounted on the grinding table and secured with additional clamps.

Video: how to make a device for sharpening drills.

Drill sharpening machine

This method is available to anyone. For this you will need a drill. Perhaps not straight from the store counter, but already obsolete and not used by you. It will act as a motor.

It needs to be secured to the frame, a bushing or a ready-to-install grinding wheel or a universal fine-grained disc must be inserted into the chuck. All. When you turn on the drill, you get a rotating abrasive on which sharpening the drill is a pleasure.

A very simple sharpening solution. However, do not forget about the devices for sharpening the drill, which fixes the element being sharpened relative to the sharpener.

Metal drills are hardened during production, but gradually they still become dull. Of course, you shouldn't throw them away right away. You can sharpen a metal drill yourself using special equipment.

Types of sharpening devices

To properly sharpen a drill, you need to use special devices. They are divided into two categories:

• industrial equipment. Has great power. Using it, it is possible to sharpen drills with a radius of one centimeter. These devices are installed in large enterprises. Sharpening is performed semi-automatically/automatically;
• household equipment. Intended for use at home. In addition, it is used in small enterprises. This equipment is mobile, compact, and has standard power.

When purchasing a machine, you need to take into account the noise level and design features of the device. It is optimal to buy a regular machine, because it is easy to find suitable spare parts for it.

You only need to purchase sharpening devices in special places, because they come with a technical passport for the machine. In addition, the buyer receives a warranty card.

The use of sharpening machines at home

For home the best option are considered household machines. With them it is possible to sharpen different types drilling tools. It is worth considering that for certain types of drills you will need to buy special wheels.

In order to carry out sharpening yourself, you need to choose a machine that is equipped with a universal chuck. It makes it possible to clamp parts of different sizes.

The buyer is often provided with the sharpening device:

• CBN circles;
• keys;
• collets;
• replacement parts;
• lighting fixture for the workplace.

The most common devices for sharpening drills are Drill Doctor, GS. These machines are intended for sharpening drilling tools with a radius of 0.2-3.4 cm. Such equipment is unable to sharpen extremely thin objects. To do this you will need to buy a special machine.

All equipment intended for sharpening tools at home:

• can work from the electrical network;
• highly productive;
• easy to use;
• functional;
• provides precise sharpening;
• is inexpensive;
• compact;
• weighs little;
• conveniently controlled. It is possible to change the intensity of sharpening and its speed.

How to make your own sharpening machine

First of all, you need to purchase control device. It is required to check how accurately the work is done.

For drills intended for machining various metals, need to do different angle edges. Below is a list of machined parts and corresponding edge angles:

• steel, cast iron, bronze – 115;
• brass, copper – 125;
• aluminum, ceramic, granite, wood – 135;
• magnesium – 85;
• silumin, plastic, textolite – 90.

Having familiarized yourself with this list, it is possible to make several templates and, accordingly, carry out sharpening with your own hands. The same drilling tool can be used for various parts. You just need to change the angle of the vertex of the workspace.

A simple but very effective device for sharpening a drill is a base on which bushings of various sizes are fixed. Remember that the object should not shake in the sleeve. The slightest deviation will lead to a significant decrease in the quality of drilling processing.

It is advisable to have a tube holder made of aluminum/copper. You can also make it in a block from soft material the required number of holes. Mount a convenient tool rest on the grinding wheel, which allows you to move the homemade device for sharpening drills, which serves as a stop element, at the required angle.

Currently, there are various drawings of sharpening devices. You can use an existing one or create your own. Do not forget that when sharpening a tool, you must not allow the drill to rotate around its own axis.

Once sharpening is complete, allow the tool to cool. Measure the accuracy of your work using a template. The edges should be symmetrical. This is especially important for small radius tools.

Using an electric drill

Some people prefer to use an electric drill, which is equipped with special attachments, as the basis for a sharpening device. Of course, the number of attachments is limited. Consequently, sharpening by hand is difficult. The set with attachments includes a stone and a leash.

If you want, you can make the nozzle yourself. This element of the sharpening device must be equipped with a fastener to secure the tool.

Features of sharpening

If you decide to sharpen the tool yourself using sharpening devices, carry out the procedure according to the following algorithm:

1. Finish the rear. Press the tool firmly and make sure that the sharpening angle does not change. At the end of processing, the end of the tool will look like a cone.
2. Now sharpen the cutting surface.
3. At the final stage, the rear part is refined. Make sure that the jumper size does not exceed four tenths of a millimeter. Of course, for big tool this indicator should be a little higher.

If something doesn't work out for you, don't be upset. It is advisable to practice on drills that most likely will not be useful. The main thing is to learn the correct pressure and maintain the angle. Remember that the holes are drilled into the sides of the tool, not the tip. Therefore, the edges must be sharpened without fail.

Do not forget that when processing a drill, tiny particles appear. Due to heating, they fly in different directions. In view of this, safety rules must be observed. Use special glasses and gloves. In addition, make sure that the tool is securely fastened, otherwise it will fly out of your hands.

If you want to use a device for sharpening drills with your own hands, be sure to prepare work area. Make sure there is adequate lighting. In addition, do not forget to wear special gloves and safety glasses.

1. First of all, calculate the desired sharpening angle.
2. Your sharpening stand should be such that the grinding wheel is on the right side.
3. Perform alignment. To do this, use your thumb and forefinger to take work area, and hold the tail edge with your other hand.
4. The drilling tool must be rotated so that the cutting surface is parallel.
5. Don't forget to remove nicks and other imperfections.
6. All movements must be done in some order. For example, left hand it is necessary to move to the bottom from the left side, and the right - clockwise.

Conclusion

Purchase industrial equipment for sharpening drills is not very rational, since it is expensive. For home needs, an ordinary household machine or a sharpening device made by you is optimal.

To avoid mistakes when sharpening a metal drill yourself, you need to use a special device. It can be a household/industrial machine tool, electric drill with a special nozzle. The attachment fits directly onto the drill for sharpening drill bits. If you haven't attempted sharpening a drill bit before, watch the instructional video below.

Be sure to follow safety precautions. Ignoring simple rules, failure to wear protective clothing can land you in a hospital bed. Sparks caught in the eye are no joke. There is a high probability of losing your vision completely. Agree, it is better to simply wear special gloves and safety glasses than to expose yourself to the risk of serious injury.

For smooth operation, accurate and centered drills are required. We suggest you consider where you can buy a machine for sharpening drills, how to do it homemade unit, and also how they differ household models from industrial ones and what is their price.

Types of drills and basic concepts

There are several types of drills, because... They are divided according to the principle of operation and the relationship of the working surfaces; they also need to be sharpened in different ways; let’s get acquainted with the main ones:

• spiral. Used in almost all types of industry, household work, repairs, etc.;
• flat - these are more narrow-profile tools, they are mainly used when drilling holes of large diameters; they got their name due to the flat working edge, which is very similar in shape to a reamer.

Let's consider the fundamental provisions for sharpening twist drills and countersinks:

During the movement of the cutting surface in the material, chips are formed inside the processed raw material, this process is especially evident in the front surface. It is the large accumulation of chips that plays main role in the deformation of the plastic parts of the drill: during operation it heats up, and under the influence of the sharp ends of the chips, its working edge changes. Of course, there is a huge difference in the speed of this process, the most dangerous and toughest is copper and steel.

Photo - Cleaning the drill from chips

Drilling is carried out according to the following scheme: during operation, a conical surface is described; this shape is also acquired by the working surface of the drill; accordingly, the cutting edge becomes somewhat blunt and changes its center. All corners of the working surface must be located above the surface of the end, this is the only way to ensure a normal and standard clearance angle.

The simplest and effective way how to sharpen a drill at home - use this electric sharpener. You can work with a regular sharpening bar made from a mixture of abrasive materials, but such a process will take a lot of time and effort, unlike operating a device with an electric motor. A universal manual grinding apparatus has a motor whose speed is 1500-2000 min -1. Optimal power: up to 300 watts. Such models are available from Doctor, Vollmer, Sturm, Proxxon, Drill and Weinig.

Photo – Sharpened drills

Orientation is carried out along the cutting edges; you must act strictly in the direction of the spiral grooves, because they do not change their shape even when exposed to large amounts of chips. We fix the drill so that the edge that will be sharpened is strictly parallel to the axis of the grinding tool. The most important question: when is the working part sharpened? As soon as you see a reflection of light from the working surface, this means the edge has been sharpened. We sharpen the second side using the same system.

Photo – Sharpening drills

At the same time, it is very important not to miscenter the drill earlier, in this case you will lose its balance, and during operation the tool will deviate by several degrees from the standard parameters. The angle between the lumps is the most important parameter sharpening.

Photo – Cutting angle

Standard sizes have the following form:

Alloy steel, structural, tool – 90 degrees;

Soft metals (copper, aluminum, aluminum alloys) – 90-100 degrees;

Wood, plastic, rubber – 90-100;

Bronze, brass – 110-120.

To achieve with your own hands high precision processing needed special attention give standard and deformed parameters. To control the sharpening process, you can order a special template for a drill with the desired diameter and angle. The photo shows a diagram of processing a drill with such a device.

Photo – Sharpening template

If you don’t have the money or time to purchase a template, use the “old-fashioned” method: we follow the rule of left-hand mechanics. We bend our hand and place it over the drill in such a way that the cutting surface is closed on several sides, we should get a kind of corridor. We place a lamp opposite the end surface and check the evenness and accuracy of sharpening (this will be clearly visible from a distance of 20 cm from the drill, if you look with one eye).

Photo – Left hand rule
Photo – Glare Check

When using a homemade electric machine, it is very important to control the drill sharpening processing process. To completely violate the accuracy, it is enough to make a mistake of 1 mm. The device for automatic sharpening of core drills is not large diameter also can be used for discs, knives, scissors, chains, etc.

Video: Grinding machine Energomash TS 6010S

Professional ways

The methods listed above are suitable for home narrow-profile use, but if you need to sharpen drills serially, then you will not have enough time or effort for manual centering, checking or sharpening. Let's look at how a professional drill machine is used.

The grinding wheel should be made of fine abrasive material. The sharpening area should be illuminated right angle in relation to the drill. The employee must wear safety glasses and gloves.

Step by step instructions:

Before choosing a machine for sharpening drills, you need to read reviews about it, carefully study the passport and capabilities. One mechanics forum even advised to always carry a drill with you so that you can check the effectiveness on the spot.

Price overview

Buy inexpensive machine for sharpening drills in Ukraine, Russia or Belarus - this is real, the main thing is to choose the right model (for metal, wood or plastic), caliber (dd750хibm, drillgrind, edbs2001 - universal), and power. We suggest considering the average prices for such devices:

Nowadays desktop and universal machines brands such as DrillGrind, Sturm (produced by Energomash), BSG, BSM, ESM, MICRA, V391, Diold, EZS, NKCH. They can be found in a professional store, on the Internet, on forums in the “Selling electrical appliances” section. The main thing is to make sure that the documentation matches the data stated by the seller.

Drilling metal or wood is a job that you do regularly. A high-quality nozzle does not require sharpening for quite a long time, however, there are some mistakes in which dulling occurs ahead of schedule:

1. Using a drill that is not suitable for the material being processed. This does not necessarily mean drilling reinforced concrete with a wood drill, although in this case you will instantly transform cutting tool into a rod with a rounded end. For drilling various types For metal and hard plastics, there are specially made drills. If there is a discrepancy, the cutting edge quickly becomes unusable;
2. Incorrect sharpening angle. This value must also correspond to the type of material in which the hole is made;
3. Overheat. The most common reason. When working with durable material, we want to finish drilling quickly, and we often forget about such a little thing as cooling the work area. If it is not possible to supply coolant to the tool, it is necessary to take breaks to cool down. cutting edge. You can dip a hot drill into a container of water.

The mechanism of hot blunting is simple: the hot edge “releases”, that is, it loses its hardness. Cutting properties worsen, leading to increased friction. Heating increases more strongly, and the process worsens in arithmetic progression.

As a result, we may lose a good and possibly expensive instrument. If you have it on hand sharpening machine for drills, the problem is solved on the spot; if not, you have to invent your own sharpening methods.

Manual sharpening without tools

Locksmith with great experience They sharpen drills by hand, using only a sharpener and a tool. But not all home craftsmen can boast of such skills.

In addition, this method can only restore the sharpness of large-diameter products. Then it is easier to control the angle. The most popular size (3-5 mm) cannot be sharpened this way. Even a template won't help here.

Masters who regularly conduct drilling work– You will be interested in the variety of sharpening machines for drills offered in power tool stores.

However, such devices (despite the obvious ease of use) are quite expensive. So the “homemade” people run to the store for another Chinese tip. But experienced home craftsmen still use tools from the times of the USSR, which meet GOST standards in terms of strength and durability.

The secret is simple - many old-school mechanics have a homemade sharpening machine in stock.

IMPORTANT! For most household projects, you can get by with simple sharpening tools. Especially if the word “machine” scares you.

The simplest devices for straightening the cutting edge of a drill

To understand the process, let's take a look at components tip.

Then, by turning the stock, a plane (more precisely, a cone) of the back is formed.

The sharpening is checked on a template and assessed visually. All planes comply with the standard.

A guide is welded to the bottom (rear) part of the angle stock to support the drill shank. The stop itself is welded from a coupling and an angle.

Fixation is done using a screw. The stop sets the maximum size of the edge to be ground, and thanks to this, both cutting elements of the drill are ground symmetrically.

The working edge is sharpened against the direction of rotation of the sanding wheel. In this case, the resulting burr is automatically removed by the running surface of the emery. For sharpening, two or three swings of the stock along the radius of the backing cone are enough.

This type of drill is sharpened along the outer surface of the emery stone; if necessary, use the lateral (radial) plane - the device can be rotated to any angle.

The drill sharpening machine is attached to the workbench using a clamp. You can fix the base permanently, but in this case you will lose the possibility of precise adjustment.