An inevitable companion garden plot is plant debris in the form of grass and branches. It is not advisable to throw away or burn such waste, because it can be used to obtain natural fertilizer. It is enough to grind it to the state of wood chips. A garden shredder can easily handle this task. However, if there is no financial opportunity to purchase it, then you can make a garden shredder with your own hands. This article will tell you in detail how to do this.

Garden shredder, also known as a shredder or chipper, greatly facilitates the process of caring for summer cottage plot. With its help, you can easily clear the area of ​​branches and grass. Recycled raw materials can be placed in compost pit to obtain natural fertilizer. It is advisable to use the resulting small wood as firewood for heating the house. Shredded fruit tree chips are ideal for smoking meat.

The design of a garden shredder is quite simple. It consists of the following main parts:

• bunker;
• drive;
• grinding mechanism;
• metal frame with a protective casing.

Some models may be equipped with additional elements:

• a hopper for crushed organic waste;
• pusher;
• a sieve to regulate the woodchip fraction.

The operating principle of any chopper is the same as that of a meat grinder and is as follows. When the shredder is turned on, the engine starts, which drives the working shaft equipped with a cutting mechanism. At this time, garden waste enters the receiving funnel and is crushed into fine chips using a cutting device.

Useful advice! When carrying out work related to the processing of garden waste, you should use personal protective equipment - goggles, gloves, etc.

Grinding mechanism

Before you start creating a homemade shredder, you need to clearly determine the type of waste that it will process. This directly depends on his design features and performance characteristics. Garden shredders are classified according to three main parameters: the type and power of the engine and the type of chopping mechanism.

The following options for the grinding mechanism are available:

• milling, for processing hard wood;
• universal knife;
• roller, for grinding thin branches of trees and shrubs;
• with rotating turbines for chopping thick branches;
• hammer, for recycling thin branches;
• trimmer, based on the use of fishing line, for soft debris.

At self-assembly For the chopper, preference is given to a knife system or a combination of circular saws. You can make a two-roll design, in which two or three knives are installed on a massive disk and rotate towards each other.

Engine type and power

The shredder can be equipped with electric or gasoline engine. Each of them has its own important advantages and some disadvantages. A garden shredder powered by gasoline is more mobile. Its operation does not depend on the power source. It is capable of processing thicker large branches. However, such chippers are more bulky and heavy. In addition, they emit into the atmosphere harmful substances in the course of its activities.

Shredders with an electric motor are lighter and more convenient to use. However, they are inferior in terms of power and depend on energy resources.

The ability to process a certain type of garden waste depends on the engine power. For small volumes of waste, where the diameter of the branches does not exceed 20 mm, a 1.5 kW motor is sufficient. If it is necessary to grind branches 20-40 mm thick, then it is advisable to use a motor with a power of at least 3.5-4 kW. Shredders equipped with a 6 kW motor can cope with large wood 100-150 mm in diameter.

The next design feature of shredders is the type of drive. This function can be performed by a chain, belt or the motor shaft itself, on which the knife mechanism is fixed.

Steps to creating a DIY garden wood chipper

Creating a shredder with your own hands is a very labor-intensive process that requires the master to have technical knowledge and high level practical skills. All work consists of two stages. The first, preparatory, consists of creating a drawing of a garden shredder with your own hands and purchasing necessary materials. The second stage is the actual assembly of the shredder.

Creating a Shredder Drawing

The drawing can be done by hand or using a special design program on a computer. The main structure of the shredder consists of a hopper, a frame, a motor, a shaft with a blade mechanism and a protective casing.

Examples of do-it-yourself drawings of wood chippers clearly show that various crushing mechanisms can be used for the cutting system.

If you use a set of circular saws, the drawing of the chopper will be quite simple. A shaft with 15-30 fixed circular saw blades is installed on a metal frame, which is driven by an engine using a belt drive. For this purpose, pulleys are located at the ends of the shaft and motor. As the do-it-yourself shredder drawings show, branches for heating a house are shredded precisely thanks to such a cutting system.

Useful advice! For more efficient work shredder, thin dividers made of plastic or metal should be installed between the circular saws.

To create a shredder with a knife disk shredding system, the drawing indicates the diameter of the cutting disk, the number of knives and their location. The disk itself can be placed vertically or at some angle. The number of knives affects the degree of grinding. There can be from 1 to 3 pieces.

There is an option to create a chipper with two shafts. You can see this grinding system in the video. Drawings of a do-it-yourself wood chipper with a two-roll cutting system are distinguished by the presence of two shafts with knives, which are located between metal plates. Each shaft is equipped with 3-4 knives. The knives themselves are secured with bolts and are offset to the side relative to the center of the shaft.

Four bearings are fixed in the holes of the metal plates, which are responsible for the free rotation of the shafts. And two gears driven by the engine ensure their synchronous rotation. Torque from the engine to the drive is transmitted using a chain or belt drive. The distance between the shafts is selected based on the width of the knives and the thickness of the branches.

Useful advice! To chop small branches and grass, electric motors with a high number of revolutions are required. And for chopping larger branches, strength is important. Here it is necessary to reduce the number of revolutions for powerful engines.

Necessary materials for making a chopper

To make a garden chipper, where the chopping system is a set of circular saws, you need to purchase the following components:

• circular saws in the amount of 15-20 pcs. diameter 18 cm;
• engine;
• 2 pulleys;
• 2 bearings with fastening;
• metal washers in the amount of 17-22 pieces up to 5 mm thick for separating circular saws;

• profile pipes to create a frame;
• sheet metal about 2 mm thick for the hopper and casing.

For a shredder with a blade disc you will need:

• engine;
• sheet metal 2 mm thick;
• sheet of metal and blades for the disc.

To create a shredder with two shafts, you need to purchase the following materials:

• gasoline or electric engine;
• two metal plates 10 mm thick:
• a pair of gears to ensure synchronous movement of the shafts;
• a gear or pulley for transmitting torque from the engine to the shafts;
• pulley for the motor shaft;

• 5 bearings with fastenings;
• chopping knives;
• profile pipes to create a frame;
• sheet metal with a thickness of at least 2 mm to create a receiving hopper and a protective casing.

As can be seen from the list presented, the design of a shredder with a disk mechanism is the simplest and most affordable. However, such a shredder can shred branches with a diameter of only 20 mm. But a chipper with two shafts can easily cope with large wood with a diameter of up to 80 mm.

Shredder assembly

Having all the necessary elements, you can safely begin to create the design of a garden branch shredder with your own hands based on the completed drawing. Assembling a garden shredder, regardless of the type of mechanism design, consists of several successive steps:

1. Frame installation.
2. Creating a bunker.
3. Assembling the grinding mechanism.
4. Installing the engine and grinding device on the frame.

Creating a chopper with a set of circular saw blades

The grinding mechanism of such shredders consists of circular saws, which are alternately mounted on the shaft with separating washers. Each disc has many teeth that can handle even hard wood. Therefore, it will process soft grass, tops and leaves in a matter of minutes. When saw teeth become dull, they can be easily replaced with new ones.

The shaft for the chopper can be machined using lathe or use a ready-made one from an old car's gearbox. The distance between adjacent saws should be about 10 mm. If the gap is smaller, it will reduce work area chopper If you create a larger gap, this will encourage small branches to get stuck.

Useful advice! The saw teeth should not be placed on the same line when fixing them on the shaft. It is better to install them chaotically. This reduces the load on the shredder shaft and electric motor.

It is better to use an electric motor, which is practically silent during operation and does not emit harmful substances into the atmosphere. To crush coarse material, you can use a walk-behind tractor, which has great power. The engine should be placed on a movable support so that the drive tension can be adjusted.

The frame for the shredder can be welded using channels, angles or profiled metal pipes. A thrust beam made of a metal profile can be welded to the base of the structure, which will become a support for stems and branches during crushing. When creating pedestals for bearings, it is important not to distort them. The axes of the motor and shaft must be in parallel planes.

The design of the bunker deserves special attention. It can be done from sheet metal. The container should be strong enough to withstand the impact of flying chips from branches. Using a movable support plate in the body of the hopper, it is possible to adjust the size of the chips. So, smaller fragments are suitable for fertilizer, and larger chips are suitable for kindling.

The size of the receiving socket should be larger than the length of the arms to protect them from damage. This also makes it possible to guide the branches into the shredder at a convenient angle.

This DIY garden shredder of branches and grass can cope with both soft waste and hard, thick wood. However, its main problem is the clogging of the space between the saws, which needs regular cleaning.

Creating a shredder with a blade disc

You can create such a grass chopper with your own hands from scrap materials. Since it is designed for crushing soft debris, its design will be very simple, however, it will not have a high strength rating. You can weld a bunker from sheet metal, or you can take an ordinary metal bucket. A casing from an old fan will also work.

To create a cutting system on a metal disk, knives are inserted into special slots, which can be pre-made from a spring sheet from a car. The disk is installed on the shaft. Next is the receiving box. A low-power 1 kW motor is suitable for such a shredder. All the details of creating a garden electric shredder You can watch your own herbs in videos offered on the Internet.

Assembly instructions for a twin-roll shredder

Work begins with creating a frame. To do this, use an angle grinder made of profile pipe two blanks 80 cm long and four parts 40 cm long are cut. Next, short sections are welded between two long blanks at right angles. The two internal parts must be placed at such a distance relative to each other as to ensure reliable installation grinding drum.

Useful advice! For the device to be mobile, the structure must have wheels for movement. To do this, two racks are welded to the frame, onto which an axle with wheels is attached.

The next step is to create the shafts for the chopping drum. If you plan to install four knives on one shaft, then we use a square metal blank. We make both ends of it round so that they can fit into the bearings. For three knives you will need a round blank in which the central part is sharpened. Three flat cuts are made in it for the subsequent installation of knives.

To create knives, you can take a small piece of a Kamaz spring sheet. Holes for bolts are made in the knives. Then you should sharpen the knives sharpening machine, where the cutting edge angle is selected with a value of 35-45 degrees. Next, the sharpened knives are applied to the shaft and their attachment points are marked, in which holes are created, and the thread is cut.

Next, we proceed to create the grinding mechanism. In two metal walls, using a welding machine, round holes for installing bearings. Using special pads and bolts, we install the bearings inside the metal walls. We insert the shafts into the bearings, securing them securely. They must be located at a sufficient distance to prevent them from touching. Next, the drum walls are connected using threaded metal studs and nuts.

Now let's start creating the receiving bunker. To do this, four parallelepipeds are cut from thin sheet metal. Next, each edge is bent by 4 cm. A short section in one direction, a long section in the opposite direction. We connect all the parts using self-tightening rivets or welding. Holes for fastening are made on the bent edges at the base of the box.

Now gears are put on the shafts to synchronize the movement, and the entire structure is installed on the frame and secured with bolts. Then the motor is installed, which is connected to the shaft by a belt drive or chain. It is better to take an engine of high power, but with a low number of revolutions. At the end, the receiving hopper is installed and secured. Then put on all rotating parts of the shredder protective cover to prevent foreign objects from entering the shredder.

The main advantages of such a unit are its high power and technical ability to chop thick branches with a diameter of 20 to 80 mm. This will depend on the number of knives and the number of revolutions. Numerous Internet sites present detailed recommendations How to make a wood chipper with your own hands. Video examples more clearly display the entire process of assembling and installing a homemade device.

How to make a shredder from scrap materials

Many thrifty and thrifty owners are in no hurry to throw away old tools and household appliances. They find new uses for them. It’s worth showing a little imagination, using logic and ingenuity, and from improvised tools and old parts you can create a real helper in the household. Let's look at some simple options making a homemade chopper of branches and grass from simple and affordable materials.

Shredder from an angle grinder and a vacuum cleaner

One of these homemade designs is a DIY garden shredder made from an angle grinder, an old vacuum cleaner and lawn mower blades. One famous inventor, Vladimir Belyaev, proposed his own branch chopper, the video of the creation of which inspired many to modernize this idea and offer their own vision when creating a dacha assistant. Next, let's look at one of the interesting and popular options.

To create a simple but productive design, you will need an old working vacuum cleaner, a Makita grinder with a power of 3.2 kW, blades from a lawn mower, a stable wooden base, a receiving funnel and a metal table with a vertically welded sheet of metal.

The receiving funnel is mounted horizontally on a vertical metal sheet welded to the table. This sheet must be thick to support the bolted angle grinder and the knives mounted on it. If seat Three blade blades from a lawn mower are not compatible with an angle grinder, then they need to be sharpened so that the blades fit securely. To prevent the crushed mass from getting stuck between the knives, metal sheet a pipe from an old vacuum cleaner is attached, which supplies air. It is advisable that the grinder and the vacuum cleaner turn on at the same time.

The metal table is located on a wooden stationary base. You should also install a protective cover that will prevent the reverse movement of chopped branches.

Such a simple version of a garden shredder with your own hands, a video that clearly confirms this, can be easily created at your dacha, without complicated work steps and purchasing additional materials.

Washing machine shredder

A garden shredder can be created from an old washing machine. To do this, you will need a body and engine from the equipment, an old saw, a bucket and other parts, and tools for fastening the structure.

A side hole is made in the body of the old washing machine to allow recycled materials to exit. Knives, which can be made from pieces of an old saw, are attached to the bottom of the container using a special sleeve. An existing one built into an old washing machine is used as an engine. A receiving container for crushed waste is installed near the side opening.

Drill shredder

Another rudimentary invention is a homemade shredder using an electric drill. The operating principle of this mechanism resembles a vegetable cutter.

To create the design you need to take an old stool. Drill a hole with a diameter of 12 mm in it. A housing with a bearing is attached to the back of the stool. A bucket with a hole of the same diameter is installed on the stool and secured with self-tapping screws. A bearing is inserted into the hole, onto which a shaft with knives fixed to it is mounted. high speed steel. A dual-mode drill is connected to the end of the shaft from the bottom of the stool via a quick-release chuck.

Soft raw materials are thrown into the bucket and started electric drill. After thoroughly grinding to the desired state, the mulch is removed. This design is designed for a small volume of recycled waste.

The process of making and sharpening a knife deserves special attention. One-sided sharpening should be performed. The sharpened plane is located below. For chopping freshly cut grass, the diamond-shaped knife shape is ideal, in which the blades can be rounded. This allows the grass to slide freely along the cutting edge of the chopper blade without getting wrapped around it.

From the proposed options, we can conclude that you can create a garden shredder with your own hands from any available material. It is enough to have an electric motor adapted for a 220V network, any round container of sufficient size, a steel sheet, a hacksaw for wood or saws from an old lawn mower to create a cutting mechanism.

Subtleties when choosing an engine for a shredder

A certain engine power provides the required performance of the shredder. When choosing an engine, you should be guided by some important rules:

1. For small branches, you should choose a motor with a power of at least 2 kW. The higher the power rating, the greater the productivity and technical capability of the shredder.
2. To grind soft waste in the form of grass and leaves, a 1.5 kW motor will be sufficient.
3. The power of a gasoline engine should not be less than 6 hp.
4. Do not use overly powerful motors over 3.5 kW. They consume a lot of electricity, but the maximum performance of the unit is not achieved.
5. The engine speed does not have a big impact on the performance of the shredder. What is important here is the rotation frequency of the knives, which is ensured by a V-belt drive.
6. To reliably chop branches, the blade shaft should be set to a speed of no more than 1500 rpm. This happens due to correct selection diameters of the driving and driven pulleys.

Useful advice! It is better to make pulleys for belt drives with 3-4 grooves. This will allow you to change the speed on the shaft by moving the belt, which is necessary for different operating conditions of the chopper.

The main advantages of homemade garden shredders

A homemade shredder does not require too much care. It can be used for more than just shredding grass, leaves and branches. It will ideally recycle any household waste. It can be used to grind the fruits of fruit trees for subsequent preparation of puree, jam or homemade wine.

Homemade shredders can handle branches with a diameter of up to 100 mm, while factory units simply will not allow such large plants to pass through. There is also no need to monitor the moisture content of raw materials for processing. But for factory shredders such negligence is unacceptable. Since in most models the engine is located at the bottom of the structure, the possibility of moisture getting on it must be excluded, which will inevitably lead to breakdown.

An important argument in favor of a homemade device is the cost of the entire structure, which will be much lower than the price of a finished shredder. This also applies to replacing a failed part, which will not be expensive.

In addition, a homemade garden chipper differs in its degree of productivity. All garden waste that falls on the grinding mechanism is instantly processed into small chips.

As can be seen from the above, reliable and faithful assistant for shredding garden waste, you can create it yourself from scrap materials. It is enough to have some skills in plumbing and have parts in your garage old technology, necessary tools and materials. Next, having chosen the most appropriate method for yourself, sketch out a drawing of a branch chopper with your own hands. Video various options Performances of a homemade shredder can be viewed on the Internet. Based on the drawing, prepare all the necessary elements and begin assembling the chopper.

If you are not sure about own strength, currently available for purchase homemade shredder branches from the proposed options, which will meet all the requirements and satisfy your wishes at an affordable price.

1. Set of necessary materials
2. Design
3. Assembly principle
4. Distinctive characteristics of homemade products

With the arrival of spring, the busy season begins for gardeners and gardeners, and they try to improve their garden plots. To fruit trees If they bear fruit better, they are pruned. A large number of branches and twigs remain, which are considered garbage. And only thrifty owners know how to rationally use scraps. Rotten garden waste, usually consisting of branches and grass clippings, is fertilizer. However, this process takes several years and requires a lot of space for the compost pit. To speed up production organic fertilizer and reduce it to several months, gardeners advise grinding wood waste. To do this you will need a wood chipper.

The device can process branches into wood chips or wood flour, from which, in addition to fertilizer, you can create pellets for heating, putty and other compounds useful in the household. A garden shredder can be purchased at a hardware or hardware store, but such a purchase will require expenses. You can use the manual for making your own shredder.

Set of necessary materials

To assemble a homemade shredder, you will need:

• circular saw – 20 pcs.;
• engine (electric or gasoline);
• M20 stud with a set of fasteners;
• pulley with belt;
• bearings;
• metal pipe for making a frame;
• leafy stainless steel for bunker;
• plastic washer – 25 pcs.

The tool you need is a hammer, welding machine, a set of adjustable wrenches and metal scissors.

Design

The main element of the device is the knife mechanism. Factory models are equipped with a metal disc with several cutting surfaces. However, with a large volume of work, the teeth quickly become dull and require frequent sharpening, which is not very convenient.

High performance in homemade device provide a circular saw with carbide tips.

You will need at least 20 such segments. The discs are equipped with sharp teeth designed to shred hard wood, so leaves, thin branches and roots can be easily processed.

In addition to the knife, the design also requires other parts that will set the cutting element in motion. If you plan to process a small amount of branches, it is better to use a unit with an electric motor. An electric garden shredder requires connection to an electrical outlet, and this is difficult if the work is carried out far from communication lines. The advantage of such models is low level noise and absence of exhaust gases. A gasoline unit has much more power, so it is needed where sawdust or shavings are made from coarse source material, and the work itself is intensive. When all the necessary spare parts are prepared, you can begin assembling the shredder.

Assembly principle

For a dial-type knife mechanism, you will need an axis, the diameter of which must correspond to the mounting diameter of the disks (20 mm). A threaded stud, washers and nuts of the same size are best suited.

The cutting discs are seated on the axis at a short distance from each other.

Tightly spaced teeth will snag when cutting branches. This happens because the cutters protrude beyond the body of the blade due to the setting. To avoid interference, you need to place homemade washers between the disks. To make them, a thin one is suitable. plastic material. You will need one less washer than knives. Then a pulley (from a VAZ pump or generator) is put on the axle, and the pin rotates due to the bearings of the intermediate shaft of the same VAZ, which have an identical internal diameter (20 mm).

The basis of the crusher design is the frame, which is best assembled by welding from metal pipes. The walk-behind tractor rod is hung on the welded frame. The motor is mounted on the frame so that it can be moved relative to the cutting unit. Then the tension of the drive belt changes freely. To make the machine convenient to use, you need to attach a piece to the frame metal profile, serving as a stop for processed branches. A protective casing covering the cutting unit is cut out and welded from sheet iron. In the upper part of the structure, the homemade product is equipped with a hopper with a bell. It is cut out of galvanized steel. Garden waste will be loaded into this container for further crushing. To make it easier to move the shredder around the site, it can be equipped with wheels.

Characteristics of a homemade machine

A garden shredder is a universal household assistant that will make recycling branches, twigs, roots and other natural waste a breeze. The garden will always look well-groomed. The knife mechanism can easily process branches and tree trimmings with a diameter of up to 10 cm, which is impossible for a factory unit, unless we are talking about an expensive one. industrial equipment. Now you don’t need to waste time sorting garbage, selecting large branches. It is also important that the homemade assistant will chop even branches that are not dry enough. After all, the engine can be placed not at the same level with the knives, but raised higher, protecting it from moisture.

By assembling the shredder according to the diagram, you can be sure of its high performance. All garden waste entering the crusher will be instantly drawn into the structure and quickly processed into a fine fraction. A well-assembled crusher is in no way inferior to expensive factory samples.

The video shows the process of making shredded compost from branches using a homemade device.

Let's take a look various types and designs of garden shredders for branches, wood chips, grass and grain, capable of processing any type of plant waste.

For you, we have collected a selection of drawings and instructions for making a knife garden shredder with your own hands.

There is always a lot of trimmed branches, grass, tops and other plant waste in the garden. You can collect them and burn them, you can put them in a huge pile in the hope that someday you will get compost, or you can prepare raw materials for quick receipt organic fertilizer, for adding wood chips to the soil in order to improve its structure, you can get excellent mulch or fuel for the boiler. To do this, you need a garden shredder, which you can buy or you can make yourself.

Advice! Protect your hands and eyes when operating the shredder, especially when shredding solid waste. Glasses and leather gloves will protect you from injury.

Types of garden shredders, main components and elements

Shredders consist of a cutting mechanism, a drive, a loading hopper and a frame with casing. In addition, they can be equipped with a hopper for crushed organic matter. From aids: pusher and sieve, which is used to obtain a certain fraction of wood chips. The residue on the sieve is sent for re-grinding.

Depending on how many blades are used and how they are positioned, the fraction of the resulting mulch may vary. The drawing below shows the basic design of such a chopper: a disk with four knives is installed vertically. The design also works well if the disk is fixed at an angle to the horizontal, and there are only 1 or 2 knives.

Assembly drawing: 1 - knives 4 pcs.; 2 - disk cutter; 3 - bearings No. 307

Operating procedure:

1. Buy, order or grind a disc with knives yourself. The sharpening angle of the knives is 35–45 degrees. The blade of the knives must have holes for bolts for fastening to the disk. It is important to position the knives correctly and secure them with bolts and stops.
2. Weld the frame taking into account the fastenings for the drive and other elements.
3. Place the disk on the drive shaft and secure it.
4. Weld the supply hopper and, if necessary, the receiving hopper for the crushed mass.
5. Assemble all elements on the frame.

If the frame is mounted on wheels, the structure becomes mobile.

Turning the disc

Set of knives with fasteners

In the video, the master gives advice on how to design a homemade disk shredder.

Let's look at the different types and designs of garden shredders for branches, wood chips, grass and grain that can handle the processing of any type of plant waste. For you, we have collected a selection of drawings and instructions for making a knife garden shredder with your own hands.

There is always a lot of trimmed branches, grass, tops and other plant waste in the garden. You can collect them and burn them, you can put them in a huge pile in the hope that someday you will get compost, or you can prepare raw materials for quickly obtaining organic fertilizer, for adding wood chips to the soil in order to improve its structure, you can get excellent mulch or fuel for a boiler . To do this, you need a garden shredder, which you can buy or you can make yourself.

Advice! Protect your hands and eyes when operating the shredder, especially when shredding solid waste. Goggles and leather gloves will protect you from injury.

Types of garden shredders, main components and elements

Shredders consist of a cutting mechanism, a drive, a loading hopper and a frame with casing. In addition, they can be equipped with a hopper for crushed organic matter. Among the auxiliary means: a pusher and a sieve, which is used to obtain a certain fraction of wood chips. The residue on the sieve is sent for re-grinding.

Garden shredders are classified by the type of cutting system and type of drive.

Cutting systems

Commercially available chippers may have cutting systems:

• windrow - branches and bushes;
• hammer - thin branches;
• milling - solid plant raw materials;
• with a rotating turbine - thick branches;
• knife - universal;
• trimmers (line instead of knives) - grass, tops.

1 — hammer chopper; 2 — milling chopper; 3 — chopper with milling-turbine knives; 4 - blade disc chopper

There are other designs. For self-made Knife and circular saw blades are suitable. The most common are knife ones, and the knives can be fixed on a massive disk in twos, three or more pieces, or rotate towards each other in a two-roll design.

Drive type

Garden shredder drives can be electrically powered or use two- and four-stroke gasoline engines. In practice, when making a unit with your own hands, they use an engine from a walk-behind tractor, which sits idle for most of the year, or remove the engine from an unnecessary household appliances. The main thing is that the power is sufficient - not less than 1.1 kW. If there is nothing suitable, you can buy new engine, but in this case the benefit from a homemade shredder is no longer so noticeable compared to a purchased product.

Some grinders that process exclusively soft raw materials, for example, succulent animal feed, may not have a drive and are powered by human muscular effort. Below are drawings of shredders that you can make yourself.

Homemade manual shredders. A - two-knife chopper: 1 - knives; 2 - counter-cutting plates. B - multi-blade greens chopper: 1 - knives; 2 - counter-cutting plates; 3 - base frame. B - root crop chopper: 1 - shell; 2 - bearing; 3 - drum; 4 — cross; 5 — handle; 6 — end wall of the housing; 7 — shield; 8 — pitched board of the tray; 9 — stand; 10 — side wall of the case

In the first picture, the knives are made from old, one-sided saws; in the second, the knives and plates are made from saw blades. The knives have beveled teeth, like a saw, with a pitch of 5 mm. Both choppers have long handles for light weight. The working part of the third design is made in the form of a drum with notches, the sharp edges of which stick out.

Drawings of various designs of garden shredders

Let's look at several designs of shredders that you can assemble yourself.

Drawing of a hammer grinder

A hammer chopper can crush branches, straw, corn stalks, and grain.

1 — loading hopper (sheet δ1 mm); 2 — edging of the neck of the loading hopper (corner 25x25); 3 — damper/valve (sheet δ1 mm); 4 — M6 bolt for tie (8 pcs.); 5 — framing of the loading hole in the housing (equal-flange angle 25 mm); 6 — M8 pin (8 pcs.); 7 — outer drum of the housing (pipe Ø 270x6); 8 — stator with grooves (pipe Ø 258x6); 9 and 20 — hammers and spacers (sheet δ3 mm, hardened to hardness HRC 45-47, 72 pcs. and 70 pcs., respectively); 10 — latch Ø 3 (4 pcs.); 11 — M20 nut with a spring washer; 12 — hammer axis (circle Ø 22, 4 pcs.); 13, 14 — piping of pipes (equal angle 25 mm); 15, 19 — gaskets (rubber, sheet δ3 mm); 16 — M8 nut for fastening the flange (8 pcs); 17 — hammer rotor; 18 — flange (sheet δ5 mm, 2 pcs.); 21 — clamp; 22 - drive shaft

Cutting tool - circular saw package

A package of 15-30 circular saws mounted on a shaft is one of the options for the cutting system of a shredder. Some craftsmen point out that saw teeth quickly become clogged with plant matter. Others claim that they achieved good performance of the tool empirically - by setting the teeth differently relative to neighboring saws. Since carbide teeth are thicker than the disk itself, thin separators made of metal (for example, washers) or plastic must be installed between the saws, and the entire package is clamped with nuts.

Pack of 15 saw blades on shaft

As a drive, you can use a low-power walk-behind tractor, pulleys and bearings - used parts from a VAZ car. The bell of the loading hopper is a truncated pyramid, the outlet hole is small so that a person’s hand does not pass through. It is better to make the frame for the chopper higher in order to remove the crushed raw materials less often.

M20 pin saw set

Side view

Double roller shredder

This chopper chops branches into measured pieces from 2 to 8 cm long, convenient for heating a bathhouse or wood-burning heating boiler. Its design consists of two shafts with knives - 3-4 pieces per shaft, rigidly secured with bolts. Knives can be turned from KamAZ or MAZ springs. If you can find a bulldozer knife, that will also work. The shafts are fixed on massive sheets in parallel, at a distance sufficient for the knives to cut the branch without clinging to each other. Free rotation of the shafts is ensured by bearings, and their synchronization is achieved through a gear clutch moving by a belt (chain) from the engine. To drive this chopper, it is advisable to use a high-power engine, but at low speed.

If you want to create a mobile shredder, you need to provide mounts for wheels on the frame.

Frame element

Axle and shaft

Shaft assembly

Arrangement of shafts on the frame

Square billet shafts for 4 knives

The video shows a chopper with gears: the driven gears are from the MTZ shank, adjusted to right size, the drive (gear for transmitting torque to the shafts) was found using the selection method.

Making a garden shredder with your own hands

The most structurally simple and inexpensive shredder can be made from a disk with knives attached to it, an engine, a frame and a loading hopper. You can grind the disk and knives yourself, order them from a turner, or buy parts in a store. The cultivator engine is suitable as a drive, and it is easy to weld the frame and loading hopper yourself.

Depending on how many blades are used and how they are positioned, the fraction of the resulting mulch may vary. The drawing below shows the basic design of such a chopper: a disk with four knives is installed vertically. The design also works well if the disk is fixed at an angle to the horizontal, and there are only 1 or 2 knives.

Assembly drawing: 1 - knives 4 pcs.; 2 — disk cutter; 3 — bearings No. 307

Operating procedure:

1. Buy, order or grind a disc with knives yourself. The sharpening angle of the knives is 35-45 degrees. The blade of the knives must have holes for bolts for fastening to the disk. It is important to position the knives correctly and secure them with bolts and stops.
2. Weld the frame taking into account the fastenings for the drive and other elements.
3. Place the disk on the drive shaft and secure it.
4. Weld the supply hopper and, if necessary, the receiving hopper for the crushed mass.
5. Assemble all elements on the frame.

If the frame is mounted on wheels, the structure becomes mobile.

Turning the disc

Set of knives with fasteners

In the video, the master gives advice on how to design a homemade disk shredder.

When pruning trees in winter, every gardener is faced with the problem of storing thin branches, since they take up quite a lot of space. You have to chop them manually or using a special chopper. The second option is preferable, as it makes it possible to process the wood into small chips very quickly. Only factory-made units are too expensive, and therefore in this article we will tell you how to make a branch chopper with your own hands much cheaper.

Types of wood chippers

The main element of the unit is the working mechanism, whose task is to grind small branches to a fraction of a certain size. Different factory-made shredders differ in the design of this mechanism. The drive that rotates it can be anything: gasoline, diesel or electric.

The following types of factory units are most suitable for reproduction at home:

• disc chopper for grass and branches;
• unit with a cutting mechanism made from wood saws for a circular saw.

In a disc crusher, branches are literally chopped into small chips with sharp knives mounted on a flywheel in the form of a thick metal disk. It is spun by an electric or gasoline engine via a belt drive. For safety reasons, the disk is covered with a metal casing, and a hopper is used to feed branches manually. It is located at an angle to the rotating knives in such a way as to split wood as efficiently as possible.

The advantage of a disk shredder is that it processes wood quickly enough, that is, it has high performance. The main disadvantage is the need for periodic removal and sharpening. cutting edges knives. Not everyone can do this kind of work with their own hands; the knives have to be sharpened by a master and they have to pay money for it. It turns out homemade crusher for wood will force you to incur costs during operation.

It should be noted that the materials for making a disc chopper at home will be quite inexpensive. Especially when metal required thickness can be found in household or get it from your nearest scrap metal collection point. But you will have to spend money on the second type of crushers - buy 2 dozen wood saws for a circular saw.

The operating principle is as follows: the drive rotates a shaft on which saws with hard alloy teeth are installed one next to the other. Wood is supplied to them through the loading hopper and the mechanism literally bites into it, crushing it to the size of sawdust. The processing speed is not too high, but the sawdust is small, which can be much more convenient for heating a house than wood chips. For example, you can make fuel briquettes from them yourself.

Important. In both types of shredders, it is not the speed of rotation of the shaft that is decisive, but the force developed. In the first option, it is higher due to the untwisted heavy flywheel, which allows you to cut branches faster. A sufficient number of shaft revolutions is 1500 rpm, no more is needed.

How to make a disc crusher?

If you like this type chopper, you need to understand that its assembly will require good skills welding work. In addition, you need to prepare the following materials:

• steel sheet with a thickness of 10 to 16 mm;
• the same, 5 mm thick - on the casing and loading hopper;
• high-carbon steel for knives, a car spring is suitable;
• round or profile pipes to weld the frame;
• steel shaft with a diameter of 20 mm;
• 2 rolling bearings No. 307 or others;
• fasteners (bolts and nuts)
• pulleys, belt.

Note. There is no need to install a belt drive if you plan to use an electric motor with a speed of 1500 per minute for the crusher.

On various Internet resources you can find all sorts of drawings of a wood chipper; we bring to your attention one of the popular options:

A regular circle with a diameter of 400 mm is cut out of thick metal, and a hole for the shaft is made in its center. The pulleys and shaft must be turned on a lathe, and threads must be cut at the ends of the shaft to attach the flywheel and pulley. Knives can be made at home, following the drawing; in extreme cases, entrust this task to a milling machine operator. Next, from steel sheet it is necessary to weld a protective casing with a hopper, and from it to make cages for bearings with holes.

In essence, a homemade wood chipper is a cutting mechanism mounted on a frame of any design. The drive motor can be placed in a convenient location depending on the length of the belt. Do not forget to make the engine mount sliding so that the belt can be tensioned. The mechanism shaft is also installed on the frame, and a pulley and flywheel are attached to it. The knives should be bolted to the flywheel so that their angle of inclination is 30°. To do this, you need to prepare special steel linings.

Chopper with a working matrix of saws

The assembly of this unit is somewhat simpler than the previous one; there is less welding work. For the shredder you will need:

• wood saws with hard alloy teeth – 20 pieces;
• separating washers 5 mm thick with a hole of 20 mm – 19 pcs.;
• sheet steel 2 mm thick;
• pipes for making a frame;
• shaft with threads at the ends with a diameter of 20 mm;
• 2 rolling bearings;
• fasteners (bolts and nuts)
• pulleys, belt.

This simple garden shredder is assembled by alternating washers and saws on a common shaft, after which they are compressed from the sides with nuts. Washers are placed between the saws so that their thicker carbide cutting parts do not press against each other and are not compressed when the nuts are tightened. Then the bearings are pressed onto the shaft and installed in cages welded to a frame made of pipes.

The remaining work on assembling the chopper is carried out as in the previous version: it is necessary to make a belt drive on pulleys with the engine attached to the frame, make a casing with a hopper and put them in place, as shown in the photo:

Note. During operation, the resulting matrix of circular saws can become clogged with small fractions of wood, and sometimes wood chips get stuck in it. But carbide teeth serve for a long time without sharpening; the main thing is not to overheat them, otherwise the soldering tips may fly off.

Conclusion

When there are a lot of trees growing on a personal plot, a homemade wood chipper can be very useful thing. At a minimum, it will save you from a pile of cut branches that takes up a lot of space. The scope of application of the resulting sawdust and wood chips is extremely wide, including they can be useful for heating your home.