The baby was born. For a happy mother, a time of worries, worries and worries comes. The main thing that worries a breastfeeding mother now is whether the baby is getting enough nutrition, is her milk fatty or not?

Breastfed

First feeding

After childbirth, milk usually begins to arrive by the fourth day. The baby is brought for the first feeding most often on the second day. And now the young mother begins to worry that her baby will remain hungry, that there is very little milk. This should not be done for several reasons:

• The newborn is still weakly sucking on his mother’s breast (the sucking reflex is poorly developed), he needs to learn how to do this, so he eats very little.
• The colostrum that the mother’s body now produces is fatty and nutritious. It contains everything necessary to ensure the full functioning of a newborn.
• The volume of the baby's ventricle is still very small (on the first day only about 10 ml), therefore the amount of colostrum eaten per feeding is also small, about 7 - 9 ml.
• It turns out to feed a child 10 - 12 times per day, that is, in the first day the baby’s norm is about 100 ml of milk.
• Do not think that a breastfeeding baby will remain hungry because there is not enough milk. It will begin to arrive soon. But unnecessary worries can delay the increase in lactation.

Milk standards in the first ten days

How much milk a baby will eat now depends only on his weight and age. Day by day, the volume of the ventricle in a newborn increases, and the volume of milk consumed increases accordingly.

• On the second day, the baby already drinks about 20 grams per feeding, the daily dose is 200-240 ml,
• For the third - 30 ml (300-340 ml, respectively) and so on.
• For a child in the first 10 days of life, you can calculate the required volume of milk consumption per feeding by simply multiplying the number of days old by 10.

Nutritional formula for the first 10 days: N (number of days) * 10 = one-time amount of food in ml.

Accurate scales for measuring the weight of a newborn baby

More accurately, the volume of a single dose of milk consumed can be determined by weighing the baby on a medical scale before feeding and immediately after it. The difference between the weighing results is the volume of milk the baby drinks. It is advisable to weigh several feedings in a row. Knowing the approximate dose ( see above standards), you will understand whether the baby sucks his portion or not.

When and how is it best to feed a baby?

In ten days, mommy's milk will stop coming. Now the approximate amount eaten per day will be equal to a fifth of the baby’s weight.

Pediatricians have come to the conclusion that there is no need to force-feed a child at strictly designated hours. It is better to wait until the baby himself demands to feed him. Usually this happens 10-12 times a day with an interval of 1.5 - 2 hours.

As a rule, the baby actively sucks at the breast for 15-30 minutes, sometimes even 40. It happens that the baby has sucked all the milk, but continues to suckle at the breast for some time, either sucking out the last drops of milk, or simply enjoying the sucking process itself. Don't let him nurse for more than an hour.

Table of nutritional norms for up to a year

Child's age

Amount of milk consumed per feeding, ml

Amount of milk consumed per day

How much breast milk or formula should a baby eat?

The amount of milk consumed by an infant depends on developmental characteristics, age and health status. Most often, mothers of bottle-fed babies worry about this. After all, when feeding, they can clearly control the amount of formula that the baby sucks, and if something happens, sound the alarm. With properly organized breastfeeding, things are more complicated - the child himself regulates the amount of milk he needs and determining the volume of breast milk consumed is no longer so easy. However, in both cases the child must consume an amount of food that corresponds physiological standards, derived from many years of observations and experience of pediatricians, in order to meet the needs of your body.

Average age norms for milk or formula

During the first breastfeeding, the baby eats very little. The fact is that for some time after childbirth, a woman produces not milk, but colostrum, which has a high calorie content. Even a few drops are enough for your baby to eat. A few days pass and the colostrum turns into milk. At this time, it is important not to waste time and establish breastfeeding (BF) correctly so that the baby is provided with breast milk for a long time. But not always and not everyone succeeds without problems, and for a number of reasons there may not be enough milk. The reasons for the lack of breast milk and how to increase its quantity read in this article. The lack of breast milk is understood as its quantity below the norm, which is established taking into account the general and individual characteristics baby.

Norms for one feeding for infants up to 10 days

On the first day, the newborn eats 7-9 ml of food per feeding. To calculate the amount of food that a child should eat up to 10 days, you need to take the child’s age in days and multiply it by 10. That is, at 3 days, a child is supposed to suck 30 ml of milk or formula at one feeding.

Daily values ​​for children under 1 year

These standards, developed on the basis of the volumetric calculation method, do not take into account the individual characteristics of the child, which must also be taken into account. So for babies with a birth weight of more than 4 kg, this norm may be insufficient, and for low birth weight babies it may be too high.

Norms for a large child at birth and a child with high rates of physical development

How to calculate the amount of formula or milk based on the baby's weight

Simple calculations will help you determine how much milk your baby’s stomach needs, taking into account, in addition to age, such individual characteristics of the baby as weight, height, and health status. When using them for full-term babies in the first days of life, you need to remember that they can give overestimated results of the amount of milk.

Children in the first 10 days of life

1. Finkelstein's formula modified by A.F. Tura.
   Amount of milk per day (ml) = Day of a child’s life × 70 or 80, where
   70 – with body weight less than 3200g,
   80 – with body weight above 3200g.
2. Formula N.F. Filatov modified by G.I. Zaitseva(considered the most optimal for calculating this age category of children).
   Amount of milk per day (ml) = 2% of body weight × Child's day of life.
3. Formula N.P. Shabalova.
   The amount of milk per 1 feeding (ml) = 3.0 × Day of life of the child × body weight (kg).

For children over 10 days of life

1. Reiche method.
   Amount of milk per day (ml) = Body weight (g) / child’s height (cm) × 7.
2. Calculation method according to Geibener and Czerny (volume method). Takes into account the daily volume of milk or formula without additional drinking.

The method of calorie counting or the so-called calorie method assumes that a child must consume a certain number of calories per 1 kg of body weight per day. Different literary sources contain different information on this matter. The maximum values ​​are contained in WHO recommendations, which also take into account the energy value of breast milk that changes with the age of the child.

The simplest and easiest way to use this method is to calculate the volume of milk formula, since its calorie content is indicated in advance on the packaging. Read about how to choose a formula for a newborn in this article. With breast milk everything is more complicated. The composition and energy value of breast milk is variable and changes throughout the entire lactation period. For this reason, when applied to breast milk, this method is more approximate. But you can still use it if you know the average energy value of breast milk, which is 53-80 kcal/100 ml.

Example

Let’s say you need a volume of formula for a two-month-old baby weighing 4600 g with a calorie content of the mixture of 680 kcal/l.

Calculation procedure

1. We calculate the number of calories for a child per day, using data from the child’s daily calorie needs per 1 kg of body weight, for example, according to V. S. Maslov:
   Number of kcal = Child’s daily energy requirement, kcal/kg × Child’s weight, kg.
   Amount of kcal = 115 kcal/kg × 4.6 kg = 529 kcal.
2. We calculate the volume of formula needed by the child per day:
   Volume of mixture, ml = Number of kcal × 1000/calorie content of 1 liter of mixture.
   Mixture volume, ml = 529 kcal × 1000/680 kcal = 780 ml

When using this method, it is also necessary to take into account the appropriateness of the child’s weight for his age.

The amount of food per day in children of the first year of life should not exceed 1000 ml, and in children of the second half of the year 1000-1100 ml.

Regardless of what standards you use, remember that a baby whose mother had to supplement feeding or who is fed exclusively on infant formula should consume the same amount of nutrition as any other baby who is breastfed naturally receives.

Calculation of nutrition for premature babies

Nutrition for a premature baby is carried out taking into account the needs of the body and the capabilities of the digestive system, since the energy needs are very high, and the digestive capabilities are not yet sufficient.

The number of calories per 1 kg of body weight for a premature baby in the first days and weeks of life is presented in the table.

From the second month of life, for children born weighing more than 1500 g, caloric intake is reduced by 5 kcal/kg/day (compared to the first month of life), and for children born weighing 1000-1500 g, the calorie intake is maintained at the same level for up to 3 months. level as in the first month of life. Next, they begin to reduce calorie content by 5-10 kcal/kg/body weight, taking into account the health and well-being of the baby.

When calculating nutrition for premature infants, Rommel’s formula is also used:

Volume of milk in ml for every 100 g of baby’s weight = age in days +10

Child age 4 days, weight 2000 g

• Daily milk volume = (4 + 10)*20 = 280 ml
• Single serving with 7 feedings per day = 280/7 = 40 ml

The formula is indicative only, as following it exactly can lead to overfeeding. Therefore, it is still preferable to use the calorie calculation method indicated above.

Increasing the amount of food in premature infants should be done gradually and carefully. If the baby's condition worsens, the amount of food must be reduced.
Feeding in the first 1.5-2 months. are produced 7-10 times/day. They switch to six meals a day when the child reaches a body weight of 3 kg. A 6-7 month old baby will be ready to switch to 5 meals a day.

Calculation of nutrition for low birth weight and sick children (WHO recommendations)

These recommendations apply to children in the first 10 days of life. Low birth weight babies are defined as babies born weighing less than 2500 grams. This can include both premature babies and children who are simply small for their age.

For such children, the volume of milk per kg of body weight should initially be 60 milliliters. Then, every day, it is necessary to increase the total volume of milk sucked by 20 milliliters per 1 kg of weight, until the child begins to drink 200 milliliters per 1 kg of weight per day.

Sick children are defined as children whose weight is over 2500 grams and who, due to illness, are unable to breastfeed. For such children, the amount of milk should be 150 milliliters per 1 kg of body weight per day.

Consumption rate of milk or formula per feeding

A single portion of the mixture should be calculated based on the number of feedings per day. However, here mothers often reach a dead end, not knowing how many feedings are considered normal. To do this, you can refer to the table in which the number of feedings is given taking into account the age of the child.

How much breast milk or formula should a newborn eat per feeding: table with monthly norms

With the birth of a child, along with joy, a lot of accompanying troubles come into the house. New parents don’t have to worry about anything in order to create all the conditions for the baby’s comfortable life, but out of all the variety of worries that have arisen, feeding comes first for any mother, because the health and general condition of the new family member depends on it.

It would seem that such a simple daily process as feeding cannot cause difficulties, but for all mothers it is associated with a lot of anxiety and worry. It is necessary to consider how, when and how often to feed the baby, and to control the amount of milk consumed. Two factors influence how much a newborn should eat:

• type of feeding;
• baby's age.

Lactation

The most difficult time during breastfeeding is the first week after birth, when mother and baby are just learning to understand each other and adapt to new conditions. Newborns eat very little and this is quite natural, since their sucking reflex is still poorly developed. They are just learning to eat their mother's breast and quickly get tired in the process. During the day, the mother can put the baby to the breast up to 10-12 times, sometimes more.

It is very important for a young mother to remain calm these days and not worry that the baby may not receive enough milk and will remain hungry.

• Firstly, in the first days of life, the stomach size of babies is very small - about 10 ml, therefore, it can accommodate no more than 7-9 ml per feeding (this is approximately 100 ml per day).
• Secondly, during this period, the mother’s body produces colostrum, not milk. Nutritious and fatty, it contains all the necessary substances to satisfy the baby's needs. But extra nerves can provoke a delay and decrease in lactation.

Milk norm for children in the first ten days of life

About 3-4 days after birth, most mothers' milk comes in. Now the amount of milk a baby will receive depends on his age and weight. Every day the size of his stomach increases, which means the volume of milk consumed also increases. Already on the second day, the baby drinks 20 ml of mother's milk per application to the breast, which is 200-240 ml per day. On the third day, this figure increases to 30 ml, that is, the daily norm should be 300-340 ml.

Baby feeding regimen

After 7-10 days the milk supply stops- from this moment on, the amount of milk that the baby usually requires per feeding is one fifth of his weight.

In addition to the amount of milk the baby needs, mothers are interested in:

1. when to put a baby to the breast (we recommend reading: how to properly put a newborn baby to the breast?);
2. how often to feed your little miracle;
3. how long to allow the baby to suckle at the breast (we recommend reading: how long should a newborn suckle at his mother’s breast?).

Today, pediatricians recommend adhering to an arbitrary regimen: feeding not strictly every 3 hours, as they insisted before, but at the request of the baby himself. With this approach, the child can be on the mother's breast 10-12 times a day. The intervals between feedings are 1.5-2 hours.

The usual duration of one feeding is approximately 15-30 minutes. During this time, the baby actively feeds on the breast and has time to eat. True, there are often exceptions to the rules: for example, if the mother has a lot of milk, the little one can stop breastfeeding within 5-10 minutes. The opposite situation also happens - after eating, the baby continues to remain on the chest for an hour or longer. In this case, he most likely just likes the process itself, but it is better to try not to allow the baby to stay on his mother’s chest for too long (more than 60 minutes).

Generally accepted norms for breastfeeding

Daily and one-time amount of breast milk by month for children under 1 year of age:

How do you know that your baby has eaten the required portion of breast milk? For this you will need regular baby scales. The difference obtained when weighing the baby before and immediately after eating is the amount of milk that he received. For a more correct result, such weighings should be repeated several times.

Mothers, especially those who have their first child, are very worried about their baby gaining weight, and can weigh the baby, if not every week, then 2-3 times a month for sure (we recommend reading: a child does not gain weight well while breastfed) . If the baby is reasonably well-fed and healthy, you should not constantly put him on the scale - 1 weighing per month in the hospital is enough.

Nuances of artificial feeding

When a child is artificial, the feeding regime and rules have their own characteristics:

1. The child should be fed at least 8 times during the day (more details in the article: what should you feed a child up to one year?).
2. When bottle-fed, the stomach digests incoming food more slowly. The interval between daytime meals ranges from 2.5 to 3 hours, and between night meals can reach 5-6 hours.
3. It is important not to overfeed your baby. In the first days, his sucking reflex will develop well, and sucking a pacifier is much easier than sucking a breast.
4. Don’t worry if your little one has eaten formula or less milk than normal. At the next feeding, will he get the right amount by eating more than he should? so there is no need to force feed him the full amount. It's better to wait until he gets hungry again.
5. If, after a short period of time after eating, the child begins to cry, there is no need to rush and force him to eat again. His stomach probably hurts because of the air trapped there. Help your baby burp by holding him upright for a few minutes.

Calculation of daily intake for bottle-fed children

The task of parents is simplified when the child is not breastfed, but eats formula. Each package of milk formula indicates exactly how much a newborn should eat of this particular formula. Is it possible to calculate the required norm yourself?

Daily portion of milk for artificial infants up to 1 year:

How to calculate: how much should a child eat during one feeding when bottle-fed?

The most important issue for young parents is the health of their child. One of the main aspects on which it depends is proper and rationed nutrition.

But sometimes, for one reason or another, it is necessary to give the newborn artificial nutrition. In this case, parents are faced with the difficult task of figuring out how much they should eat. Small child with artificial feeding.

First feeding

Almost always, milk is noticeably produced in young mothers on the fourth day after birth. But the baby asks to eat already on the second day. Most parents who have not previously fed their children begin to worry whether the milk that appears will be enough.

In this case, there is no need to worry because:

• In newborn babies, the sucking reflex has not yet developed, so they do not drink a lot of milk; at birth, the first feeding usually takes a few minutes; when the baby learns to properly suckle from his mother’s breast, he will already have enough milk;
• In the first days, the mother produces not milk, but colostrum, which has a high fat content and nutrients. A small portion is enough to make the newborn feel good;
• colostrum is formed quickly, but in small quantities - in ten feedings within twenty-four hours, the baby can receive a daily volume of milk of 100 milliliters;
• newly born babies will not need much food;
• lactation begins to appear already on the first day, even if there was no hint of it after the birth of the baby.

Important! anxiety can lead to stress, which, on the contrary, will negatively affect its appearance.

A woman should not worry that colostrum will negatively affect the baby. Scientists have proven that the substance is essential for a newborn. It strengthens the baby's immunity and also allows him to grow healthy and strong.

Feeding rates in the first ten days

The first ten days are the most important for the formation of the baby’s body. Proper nutrition allows you to avoid many diseases and problems in the future. To calculate how much formula a newborn should eat, special formulas have been created. They are calculated based on the fact that the baby grows and develops quickly, and the volume of the newborn’s stomach increases.

Every day the dose should be increased:

• on the day of his birth, the baby needs at least 100 milliliters of milk;
• on the second day - no less than 200 and no more than 240 milliliters;
• on the third day - no less than 300 and no more than 340 milliliters.

For the next forty-eight hours, the dose per feeding is 20 milliliters. Every day it needs to be increased by 10 milliliters.

The exact volume can be calculated using 2 formulas:

• multiply the number of days the baby is old by 10;
• subtract a certain number from his body weight depending on age.

Table: nutritional norms for up to a year with artificial feeding

If a newborn is fed in a standard way, the norm is calculated in a different way. Not real milk or formula differs from mother's milk in composition and concentration of nutrients. There is no clear formula that would allow one to calculate how much formula babies need. The daily volume is calculated depending on the age and weight of the baby.

How much should a newborn eat at one feeding?

The correct development of a baby is determined by the quality and quantity of milk consumed. To ensure the first indicator, certain conditions are needed - the correct menu for the mother, proper sleep and rest. And to calculate how many grams a baby should eat per day, standard rules apply.

Normal for a newborn

After childbirth, a woman’s body adjusts to a new rhythm. The hormonal background changes, and increased production of prolactin, the lactation hormone, begins. Perestroika takes how many days During this period, the woman secretes only colostrum, the value of which is irreplaceable for a newborn. The composition of the liquid is nutritious, soft for the baby’s unprepared gastrointestinal tract, and easily digestible.

Colostrum is produced as much as a newborn should eat per day - 40–60 ml; during one feeding he sucks out 9–11 ml. But the high calorie content of this food ensures full saturation with the necessary substances.

Milk will appear within 2-4 days, so first you need to breastfeed a newborn 9–12 times. The gland's response to the sucking reflex stimulates high-quality lactation.

The calculation algorithm that calculates how much milk a newborn should eat per feeding at the very beginning of life looks like this:

Norm = K * 10, where K is the number of days of his age.

If we take into account that in the first 2-3 days the baby is put to the breast 9-12 times, then, on the tenth day, 7-9 times, the norms of how much a newborn should eat at the very beginning of life are summarized in a single table:

The mother cannot find out how many milliliters the baby ate while he was breastfeeding, so weighing method used on the advice of pediatricians. Before breastfeeding, you need to use the scales, write down the numbers they showed, and do the same after the meal. Subtract the first from the second indicator: the difference will show how much the newborn ate during one feeding.

How many times should you feed your baby?

In the first days of birth, the baby’s organs are very small in volume, including the stomach; it processes only 0.1 liter of food. With age, the capabilities of the gastrointestinal tract increase; a newborn can consume 0.3–0.35 liters of milk per day per feeding from the 3rd day; he asks for breastfeeding less often. Child up to one month of age eats 6–8 times a day.

How much do you owe proper development What a baby should eat at 1 month depends on established habits and physiological characteristics, but certain conditions must be observed.

• feed no more than 20 minutes on each breast;
• no need to add water;
• the nipple should be grasped together with the areola;
• apply the underarm pose;
• Before feeding, you need to express the first milliliters.

It is preferable to breastfeed your baby on demand. This will preserve lactation and completely satiate the baby. When discussing how much a newborn should eat, pediatricians advise do not clean up feeding at night. It is at night that maximum prolactin is produced, which helps maintain lactation. Together with night feeding, 11–12 feedings per day will satisfy the baby’s need for milk by 100%.

Calculation by month

For the first 30 days, feeding continues in an “on demand” mode, and special algorithms are used to calculate how much a newborn should eat under these conditions. According to one of them, it is proposed to give 0.25 of the baby’s body weight per day from the 11th day, gradually adding volume, to 1.5 months up to 0.2 of the baby’s body weight per day (with normal gain). For example, if a child at the age of 30 days has gained 4.0 kg in weight, then there should be 800 ml of food per day. Indicators have an error due to differences in individual physiology.

Not a single pediatrician can say with 100% accuracy what the nutritional norm for an infant is by month for a specific age; they advise using the rules for calculating averages.

Monthly calculation table

Gradually you need to increase the intervals between feedings by 25–35 minutes. By the age of 6 months, intervals between meals increases to four and a half hours, sleep time – up to 8 hours. Popular children's doctor E.O. Komarovsky advises not to give the baby the breast as soon as he starts crying, the reason is not always hunger, discomfort in the body is possible - colic, teething, etc.

When is mixed nutrition required?

If the wet diaper test shows a lack of breast milk, it is necessary to introduce supplementary feeding. How many grams of artificial milk a newborn should eat depends on the number of dry diapers remaining.

A child up to 3 months old needs 60 ml of milk for one urination. That is, if 4 diapers are missing until 12, then you need to add 4 * 60 = 240 ml of supplementary feeding per day. How older child, the higher the rate of milk processed into urine. For example, at 5 months one diaper = 80 ml of milk.

Rules for introducing supplementary feeding:

1. Start with half a teaspoon.
2. Monitor the reaction after a day.
3. In the absence of allergies and pronounced colic, introduce supplementary feeding.
4. The volume for each feeding is calculated from the total requirement, divided equally by the number of meals.
5. Feed formula after breastfeeding.
6. You can completely replace single feedings with artificial nutrition, without dividing them per day.

When a baby at 4 months does not have enough milk 160 ml, you can In the morning, replace your meal with a bottle of formula or add 20–25 ml during the day.

Each mother can choose individually how much artificial formula the child should eat at a time during supplementary feeding. If the missing amount is divided into 2 doses - in the morning feeding and in the evening, and the child tolerates mixed nutrition normally, then this is an individual norm.

Artificial feeding

Natural mother's milk can adapt to the development of the newborn's body - the quantitative and nutritional composition changes every month, and the range of useful elements expands. The mixture will not adjust like that, so the human factor comes into play; the mother must calculate and create a menu so as not to overload the baby’s gastrointestinal tract with excess carbohydrates, fats and proteins.

Methods for calculating the norm

Artificial feeding of newborns is used in 20% of cases immediately after birth. You can calculate the norm using the volume per day indicators discussed above. But, since the mixture is absorbed in the stomach longer, the number of breastfeedings and the volume of the mixture at a time will decrease.

1. Volume. It is calculated as natural nutrition, but since there will be fewer requirements, you can increase the one-time intake by 20 grams. You need to monitor your weight gain monthly: if the norm is exceeded, stop adding volume.
2. Calorie. To calculate how much formula a baby should eat, the calorie content of the product is taken into account. A child's normal diet should provide 120 calories per kilogram for up to six months. For example, with an indicator of 700 kcal/l for a child weighing 4 kg, you need 120 * 4 = 480 kcal. Then (480 * 1000 / 700 = 685 ml of the mixture is needed per day.
3. Age. The calculation was proposed by one of the first pediatricians in Russia, Shkarin A.N. The starting point is the age of 2 months, and the norm for this age is 0.8 liters. For each of the first 8 weeks, the norm is 0.05 liters less than 800 ml, and for each subsequent month after two - 0.05 liters more.
4. For chubby babies. In the first 30 days, give 800 ml (maximum allowable volume), each subsequent day add 0.05 liters per day, by six months per day the norm will approach 1 liter (minimum required).
5. By height and weight. The calculation was proposed by Professor of Pediatrics Reich at the beginning of the 20th century.

S – daily norm;

Artificial feeding of newborns should be completely exclude “grandmother’s” advice on eating goat’s or cow’s milk from the first days. There is so much calcium and phosphorus in such products that children’s kidneys cannot cope with removing these elements from the body. The result is complications in the development of the skeletal, genitourinary, and vascular systems.

• Feed with a nipple with a small hole to develop the sucking reflex and prevent overeating.
• Buy a hypoallergenic adapted mixture.
• Do not focus on sterilizing the bottle, just wash it well with hot water.
• Do not give vitamin D, there is enough of it in the mixture.
• Give water between feedings, 50 ml.
• Preference should be given to feeding by the hour.
• Break 3–4 hours;
• No need to wake up your baby to eat.

The birth of a baby is the best thing that can happen! But along with happiness, parents have a whole series of questions: how to dress the baby, when should he sleep, and most importantly, how much milk can be given at one feeding. Nutrition, first of all, must be balanced, and the body must absorb it well.

Stomach size in a newborn

Data on the size of a child’s stomach may surprise you, because on the first day it is only 7 milliliters.

That is, in order to fill it, it is enough to give just one spoon of mother's milk . The product does not overload the digestive system, and most importantly, it meets all the baby’s needs. In addition, the walls of the stomach are very dense and they simply cannot accept more milk.

However, we must not forget that your child is growing and already on the third day from birth he will be able to eat about 30 milliliters milk per feeding. On the seventh day - 60 , and per month almost three times more - 150 .

Amount of milk for a newborn per feeding by month

In the first month after birth, lactation begins, and the mother should put the baby to the breast as often as possible.

In this way, more and more milk will begin to be produced, so that no nutritional problems will arise. But how much milk should be given depending on age and how often it should be done:

1. Aged up to one month baby in bitch eats about 700 ml milk, for one feeding approximately 100 ml .
2. Aged from a month to two the number of milliliters increases by 200, that is, now the child will eat 900 ml, every time 140 ml .
3. From two to four no more than months 1000 ml per day, for one feeding 160 ml.
4. From four months to six months dosage increases by 200–250 ml, in one feeding the baby can eat 180 ml .
5. One more gap - from six months to nine. The dosage remains virtually unchanged, but now the baby will eat in one feeding 200 ml.
6. From nine months to one year a child drinks about 1300 ml milk, for one feeding the mother can give him 240 ml milk or a little more.

How to feed at night?

At night, children eat one meal twice, during the day it is recommended to feed every three hours.

But naturally, everyone has a different diet and everything depends on individual characteristics. Many mothers do not follow these dosages at all and give as much milk as the child wants to eat.

Feeding rules

Young parents can be confused by myths, advice and everything else that is given not only by doctors, but also by those close to them. But how to feed a child correctly and what advice should you trust? There is a whole list of rules that must be followed:

1. Mom's breasts should be clean Before feeding the baby, you need to wash it, the same goes for your hands.
2. Attach your baby to the breast correctly . In order for the lower jaw to grasp as much of the areola as possible, the nipple should be directed upward.
3. Make sure that during feeding the head was higher than the body , otherwise the child may choke.
4. For one feeding let's have one breast , change it next time.
5. , but there is a lot of milk in the breast, express it .
6. It is necessary to feed the baby at night .
7. By time the child must eat at least 15 minutes , and make sure that he swallows the milk and not just sucks the breast like a pacifier.

At first, closeness with the baby is very important; try not to be distracted by anything while you feed him.

For your own convenience, master several feeding positions. During the entire time you are feeding your baby, try not to experience stress, because all this will be passed on to the child.

Controlling milk intake for newborns

The main indicator that a child is eating adequately is his increasing height and weight.

However, not all mothers can wait to go to the clinic for a control weigh-in. They independently try to track how much the child should eat.

But not everyone knows how to get reliable results:

1. The baby should be weighed before and after feeding. , there are special tray scales for this. This must be done every day, otherwise the results will be unreliable.
2. . Another way to find out how much your child has eaten is to weigh and measure him every seven days. Up to 13 weeks infant gains about 200 grams. If the result obtained differs greatly from this indicator, you should consult your doctor as soon as possible.
3. Watch out for diapers! You will have to give up diapers for a few days. Mom must count wet diapers all this time. In the first month after birth, the baby pees very often, up to twenty times a day. That is why if you see that the number of diapers is less than fifteen, you need to visit a pediatrician.
4. Pay attention to your child’s mood and well-being . If he behaves well, sleeps fully, is actively awake, and eats as before, there is no reason to worry. But a whiny and restless baby should be wary; it is possible that he is malnourished.

Breastfeeding is first and foremost a sensible approach. A nursing mother should know how much her baby eats, what the norm is, and we must not forget about her diet. In this case, enough milk will be produced and no problems will arise in the future.

Features of artificial feeding

If a child eats not from his mother’s breast, but from a bottle, then you need to know that there are some features here too:

1. Feed the baby at least eight times a day .
2. The baby’s stomach digests artificial food much more slowly, which is why the interval between feedings will be longer .
3. Under no circumstances should you overfeed your baby. . The sucking reflex will already develop well, and sucking a pacifier is, of course, much better than sucking a breast.
4. If suddenly your child eats much less of the formula, you don’t need to worry. It's a must at the next feeding. will get the right amount of milk .
5. If a little time has passed after feeding and the baby suddenly starts crying, then There is no need to stuff him with food . It is possible that due to the fact that air got in. Place it in a vertical position and hold it for a few minutes.

conclusions

Remember, every little one is individual in his own way and the attitude towards him should be special. The child knows better than you how much and when he needs to eat. Just be careful, it will take some time and the correct diet will be developed.

Video about how much a newborn should eat

When establishing breast or bottle feeding, parents must keep in mind how much a newborn should eat at one time and per day. This data will help to organize the process correctly and will have the most beneficial effect on physical development child.

In the first month of his life, it is very important to prevent both overfeeding and starvation. Special formulas and tables will allow you to calculate the required dosages of baby food in each individual case, taking into account the weight and age of the baby.

If a mother is committed to breastfeeding, she simply needs to know how much milk a newborn should eat, starting from the first days of life. This will allow her to remain calm and not be unnecessarily nervous (after all, worries will subsequently affect the volume and quality of lactation). What indicators should we rely on in this matter?

First feeding

The most exciting days for breastfeeding women are the first three after the birth of the baby. After all, milk begins to arrive only on the fourth day. So far only colostrum is coming out of the breast. And worries begin that in such a situation the newborn will remain hungry. In fact, there is no need to be afraid of this for the following reasons:

1. The baby himself won’t eat much, because at this stage He is very poorly developed, he will still only learn this.
2. And his stomach is very small (volume - only 10 ml) and cannot accommodate too much food.
3. Colostrum, produced in the first days by the female body, is fatty and nutritious. Therefore, it has everything necessary to ensure the full functioning of a newborn.
4. On the fourth day, the amount of milk in the breast will increase naturally, so all these worries about its lack are initially only harmful and completely unfounded.

There is a very simple formula for calculating how much a newborn should eat in the first days of his life. The volume of his stomach = 10 ml. It is believed that at this stage he will need about 10 feedings over 24 hours. Accordingly, daily dose = 100 ml. However, all these numbers will change significantly over the next week.

4-10 days

During this period, several other factors will influence how much the newborn eats:

• the mother's mammary glands will begin to produce much more milk;
• The volume of the baby’s stomach will change, as it will grow by leaps and bounds, and accordingly, the amount of liquid consumed will increase.

For the first 10 days of a newborn’s life, there is a special formula for calculating how much milk a newborn should eat at one feeding:

• N (how many days is the baby) x 10 = the volume of what the newborn ate, in ml, at one time.

The problem with breastfeeding is that it is difficult to know how much milk a newborn has consumed. With the artificial ones, everything is clearly visible: there was so much mixture in the bottle - so much remains. It's easy to calculate.

For infants, there is only one way to determine the volume of liquid they drink. To do this, you will need medical scales that are particularly accurate. The newborn should be weighed on them before and after feeding. The difference between the readings will be the desired parameter.

1 month

After the tenth day, the mother, on an intuitive level or based on the data obtained from regular weighings, will know how much her baby eats at one time. Is this compliant? We calculate again using a special formula:

• N (baby weight): 5 = volume eaten in ml per day;
• V (volume in ml per day): P (number of feedings per day) = volume eaten in ml at one time.

The number of feedings is a very individual indicator. For artificial newborns, it is much more convenient to create a schedule by the hour, because there is no factor of milk flow in the breast that needs to be controlled, but there is a recommended interval between feedings (at least 3 hours).

But for infants, pediatricians believe the best option meals on demand. This will not allow the milk to stagnate, will not lead to mastitis, and the baby will be cheerful and calm, because he will always receive required amount food.

Another important advice To parents of a baby: do not calculate how much he ate by the amount of time he spent sucking. On average, it ranges from 15 to 30 minutes. But one child absorbs the required amount in 15 minutes, and the other only in half an hour. For some, 40 minutes is not enough, because the intensity of sucking is different for everyone. Don't rush your baby, but don't let him sit at your breast for more than an hour. How to calculate dosages for artificials?

According to research. As observations have shown, for the last 5-10 minutes the newborn sucks the breast not in order to express milk from it. By this time he is usually full. The reason is the psychological comfort that the baby feels at these moments.

Artificial feeding

One of them will be exactly the same as for infants. The second is to be somewhat different. For the daily amount, the same formula is used:

• N (baby weight): 5 = volume of formula that the newborn ate, in ml per day.

This is quite understandable, because, regardless of the type of nutrition that the baby receives in the first month of his life, it must be complete and the same in volume. But from the point of view of the number of meals, the formula will be slightly changed. Pediatricians advise intervals between them for artificial patients to be at least 3 hours. At night the stomach should rest.

And no matter how much mothers would like to feed their baby at his first request within these strict limits, it will not work more or less than 7 times a day. Accordingly, the equation takes the following form:

• V (volume of mixture in ml per day): 7 = volume in ml per time.

Of course, each situation is purely individual. If a bottle-fed baby has to give formula more often (it’s definitely not possible at this age) to give formula, then the formula for infants works:

• V (volume of formula in ml per day): P (number of feedings per day) = volume of food in ml at one time.

And in the end you will get a figure for how much a newborn should eat at one feeding, if everything is fine with him, he is not sick and is developmentally appropriate for his age.

It is very important not to deviate from the norm here, because it is very easy to overfeed with formula. After all, sucking from a bottle is easier than from a breast, and if there is also a large hole in the nipple, you don’t have to do anything at all: a stream of life-giving liquid will flow into your mouth itself.

So, dear mothers, prepare only the amount of mixture that the little hero is supposed to eat at a time. To help, here are several tables with normal indicators according to age.

Helpful advice. Never force a newborn to drink his/her allotted amount for 1 feeding. Perhaps he will “get” this amount next time. Pay much more attention to how much he ate per day.

Tables

The values ​​that you calculate using the formulas for how much milk or formula a newborn baby should eat at a time and per day must be compared with the normal values. This will determine whether he is developing according to his age.

They are contained in a special table in which daily and single dosages are listed by month up to 1 year.

This is done so that parents can see the dynamics of changes and understand that as the baby’s weight increases, the amount he eats will increase proportionally. Starting from 5 months, complementary foods will be added (which porridge is best to start feeding a child with, read) and the dynamics will stop.

Using this table, it is easy to determine how many milliliters of the mixture a newborn should eat at one time and per day. It is clear that the breadth of indicators for 1 feeding is due to the fact that their number per day will vary. But the too rigid and completely immobile parameters of the last column cause concern among those parents whose children do not fit into the height and weight standards.

What should those whose 1 month old baby weighs 6 kg instead of 7 do? And if she was born completely petite girl who has such heredity, and by the first month of her life she weighs only 3.5 kg?

These cases are not pathology, but they do occur. That happens. How to determine the amount of formula or milk needed for such unusual babies? The second table will help - it is more universal and convenient for such non-standard situations.

The superiority of this table over the previous one is visible to the naked eye, although many parents, whose children develop quite standardly, do not want to deal with complex calculations and use data from the first one.

The last question that may arise during calculations: in all tables, the norms are given in milliliters. Is this unit of measurement the same as grams? The formula is simple:

• 1 milliliter = 1.03 grams.

The difference is insignificant, so don’t worry about it. And finally, it’s worth giving a few useful tips about dosages of baby food for the little ones.

On a note! The norms given in the last column of the first table are very conditional, not only because of the possible significant difference in weight, but also because of the child’s gender. After all, girls are usually not as large as boys, and accordingly, they eat less food.

Formulas, tables, calculations, norms, permissible deviations how much a newborn should eat at one time and per day - this should worry parents at the following moments:

• in the first days of the baby’s life;
• if the mother is inexperienced and does not know how much formula or milk to give the baby;
• if the child was born premature;
• if he has serious health problems.

These are situations that require special monitoring of the newborn’s nutrition by doctors and parents. And there is absolutely no need to weigh the baby every day, after each feeding, worry about weight fluctuations and constantly look at these tables. The fact that he is eating enough can be understood by a number of factors:

• he is calm, cries little and is almost never capricious;
• he sleeps well;
• no problems with weight gain;
• he goes to the toilet regularly.

You yourself will guess about overeating by your loose body, diathetic chubby cheeks, and at your next pediatrician examination you will hear that you need to reduce the volume of formula or milk with which you pamper your hero.

In the first month of a baby’s life, it is advisable to monitor how much formula or milk he eats and compare these indicators with the norm. If the amount of food consumed per day is much less than the estimated figures, you need to find out the reasons.

It’s one thing if the baby weighs little and needs much less food than peers. And another thing is if the problem is some disease that makes itself known in this way. If the portions of food eaten exceed the norm, it is also worth thinking about obesity in the future, which is fraught dangerous consequences for such a baby.

So the amount of formula or milk consumed by a child per day plays an important role in his development and formation. Parents should pay sufficient attention to this aspect at first, but not to the point of fanaticism.

A caring mother is constantly worried if it seems to her that the baby is not eating enough. Especially when, when weighed, it turns out that he has gained little, and friends advise him to supplement the child’s feeding.

How much should a newborn eat when breastfed? And how much should a bottle-fed baby eat? How to avoid overfeeding and find the “golden mean”?

If the baby is breastfed

For the first two days, the baby mostly sleeps and can only weakly suck a few times on the breast, which does not yet contain milk. But colostrum is quite nutritious and filled with all the necessary elements so that the newborn is fed and receives components important for life. Moreover, his ventricle is too small and about 7-9 grams, which he can receive in one feeding, is quite enough.

On the third or fourth day after birth, colostrum turns into milk and begins to actively fill the breasts. In modern maternity hospitals, it is practiced for mother and newborn to stay together, in which she can freely apply it on demand. This facilitates the onset of lactation, and avoids mastitis and lactostasis. Inexperienced mothers worry if there is a lot of milk, and the baby is reluctant to suck, not getting enough required quantity food. Does this mean he needs a bottle?

worryand there is no need to rush to buy mixtures for several reasons:

1. The newborn sucks poorly, as he is still very weak, and the sucking reflex is poorly developed. And what he manages to suck out is quite enough. It will take a little time and he will learn to suck the breast in full.
2. If you apply it to your breast at least 12 times a day, then the norm is 100 ml. they will receive milk.
3. During this period you need to be calm and not worry. Unnecessary worries will only delay the increase in lactation.

Breastfeeding up to 10 days

Gradually, the volume of the baby’s stomach increases and the amount of milk consumed by the baby increases. During the second day he sucks out about 20 grams per feeding, and per day – 240 ml. For the third - 30 grams, which in total is 300-350 ml. For a newborn, calculating the required volume of milk consumed at one feeding is not difficult. The number of days old is multiplied by 10 to obtain a single volume in ml. Weighing is also used before and after application. The resulting difference will be the required volume.

After 10 days, milk stops actively flowing and the approximate amount drunk per day will be equal to 1/5 of the baby’s total weight. Neonatologists advise putting newborns to the breast on demand, this happens approximately once every 2 hours. There is no need to discount the individual milk needs of each baby.

Onthis may be affected by:

• weight of the baby;
• his well-being;
• time of day when feeding.

A child's appetite may vary depending on different days and fluctuate throughout the day. A healthy baby himself sets the order of consumption of breast milk, and the norm for each baby will be individual. You cannot compare your child with other, stronger babies and assume that he does not receive the required amount of milk just because he is gaining less than them. You should focus on weight gain (about weight norms for a newborn) and the activity of the newborn. A breastfed baby will not eat less than what he should. Breast milk is produced according to needs specific child. This is planned by nature and you should trust it.

Main differences from GW

The stool of a formula-fed baby is different from that of a breastfed baby. It is thicker and has a different smell. Milk and formula are digested differently and require different intervals between feedings. Also, bottle feeding can sometimes cause protein allergies.

If diarrhea, anxiety, blood and mucus appear in the stool, the mixture is urgently changed to another.

This type of nutrition involves serving sizes depending on the age and individual characteristics of the baby. If one baby eats 90 ml, the other will need 210 ml. Newborns are fed about 8 times a day and it is important not to overfeed them. If a breastfed baby simply lets go of the breast when full, then artificial babies have problems with this. A certain dosage should be observed according to age and weight.

How much does a formula-fed baby eat (Table)

Age, months	Volume depending on mass
10 days - 1.5	Part 5
1,5 — 4	Part 6
4 – 6	7th part
6 — 8	8th part
8 — 12	Part 9

How to find out how much formula a newborn should eat?

Method number 1. For example, if a one-month-old baby weighs 3.5 kg, then the daily intake should be 700 ml or 1/5 of the weight. And when the baby is 3 months old and weighs 5.7 kg, the volume per day is calculated as follows: 5700 divided by 6, in accordance with the table, and the result is 950 ml.

Method No. 2. You can calculate the daily dose in another way - divide the weight by the baby's height. The resulting number will be the approximate daily volume.

Is your baby getting enough to eat?

In order to accurately find out whether the baby has enough milk, you need to look at the weight gain. The average gain per week for breastfed newborns is 150-200 grams, and if the baby gains less than 100 grams, then you need to find out the reasons. A single dose for breastfeeding children is always less, since they eat more often.

A good indicator is the grandmother’s method without the use of scales, tables and numbers - these are wet diapers. If there are at least 10 of them, then the baby has enough food. Here you will have to be patient and stop using diapers for a while. If the baby is calm, sleeps soundly and well, gains weight normally, has regular bowel movements, and pees often, then the baby eats enough. When a baby is capricious and crying, this is not a reason for supplementary feeding; most likely he has colic or a stomach ache.

Important! If your baby is worried, has trouble falling asleep and constantly wakes up, gains below normal weight, greedily grabs the breast or bottle nipple, then you should consult a doctor about possible problems with malnutrition.

Lyudmila Sergeevna Sokolova

Reading time: 6 minutes

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Article last updated: 04/29/2019

Because the modern approach Since breastfeeding has changed dramatically recently, modern experts base their advice not only on the single criterion of underweight in newborns. If the mother thinks that the baby is malnourished, then there is no need to rush to include artificial formulas in the diet; first you need to reconsider how correctly the process is organized breastfeeding, and be sure to consider the following.

Different food needs among children

How much a child eats is influenced by many indicators:

1. weight at birth;
2. well-being and condition of the body;
3. Times of Day;
4. individual needs.

If the mother gives the baby the breast, then the modern feeding method is based solely on instinct, that is, he himself will eat as much as his norm. And after birth and the right approach to organizing the process, a nursing mother’s milk begins to be produced in the volume necessary for the baby, with a tendency to increase.

The dynamics of appetite growth in the first month alone has four changes:

1. In the first three or four days, it is enough to eat up to 300 g in 24 hours, approximately on average 30 - 40 g at a time.
2. By the end of the first week you already need up to 400 g; The average single serving is 70 grams.
3. Over the next couple of weeks, the food requirement is 20% of body weight, on average 80 g once.
4. Until the end of the month, the baby should eat up to 600 g every day, up to 110 g at a time.

These figures are given according to one of the calculation methods and are only approximate; each individual case will have its own table and its own required amount of formula and milk.
If a combined or unnatural diet is necessary for an infant up to one year old, there are various calculation methods to determine the optimal volumes of food.

How much should a bottle-fed baby eat?

As a rule, experts do not recommend trusting information on the volume of use on the packaging of mixtures, since they assume the presence of commercial interest to the detriment of proper nutrition children.
For non-natural feeding, of course, the question of how much a newborn should eat is of paramount importance.
Let's look at ways to correctly calculate the amount yourself .

Counting a single portion

You can find out what the norm is in several ways:

1. Multiply the number of days corresponding to the baby's age by ten and get the number of milliliters for a single dose. For example, a 3-day-old baby needs to eat 30 g;
2. Divide the body weight of the baby in grams by the height in centimeters. For example, a cub with a mass of 3500 grams and a height of 56 cm can be satisfied with 60 grams.
3. Divide one-fifth of the body weight of a 14-day-old infant and older by 8.

Calculation of the daily norm of the mixture

1. For a baby weighing less than 3200 grams, we multiply the number corresponding to how many days the child is old by 70. And for a baby larger than 3200, we multiply the same number by 80 (Finkelstein formula).
2. At two months old, a newborn already needs 800 ml. every day, with each subsequent month he will eat 50 ml. more, that is, at 9 months, the amount eaten in 24 hours is approximately 1160 ml.
3. Adjustments may take place to suit the individual needs of the youngster. For example, two different babies can eat different quantities, but feel equally great, develop well and gain normal weight. This is the most important thing to determine satiety. The main guideline should be the behavior and sensations of the baby during the eating process and after. Weight gain on average weekly is at least 150-200 g.
4. Upon reaching 14 days of age, the calculation is as follows. We divide the body weight of the newborn by five, and we get the required daily dose.

How much formula should a baby eat with a mixed diet?

Breastfeeding professionals are confident that the baby will not get more mother’s milk than is supposed to be in the body, but overfeeding with formula is quite likely, which is quite dangerous for fragile digestive organs. In order not to damage fragile health, you should take a serious approach to calculating the dose of supplementary feeding when organizing combined feeding.
To most accurately determine the problem of malnutrition, in order to make an informed decision on introducing a mixed diet, the following measurements and calculations should be made:

• weigh the baby before and after eating in the manner described above, calculating the difference, you will get the size of what was eaten. And by adding up the data on all meals, you will determine the volume for 24 hours;
• for a newborn up to 10 days old, multiply 2% of his weight by the exact number of days corresponding to his age. For babies from 10 days to two months, we count one fifth of the weight.

By comparing these two indicators, you can determine whether your baby needs supplemental feeding and, if so, in what amount. They should be divided into daytime feedings, and at night only breast milk should be given. If the difference is more than 50%, then the child needs artificial nutrition.