According to experts, there is no universal soil composition for growing a tree. However, there are several rules that need to be taken into account when composing the substrate:
- The soil should have a light structure and allow water and oxygen to pass through well.
- The soil should not cake, so you need to add baking powder to it.
- The substrate should be selected to be moisture-absorbing, and it is important to carefully select components that do not over-moisten the soil.
- The acidity of the earth should be closer to neutral.
Important. The correct choice of soil, if necessary, can compensate for the lack of light and humidity.
This will allow the plant to actively develop and bloom profusely, despite minor microclimate deficiencies (at home?).
What kind of soil should I plant in?
Not only at home, but also at open ground. The soil requirements in both cases are almost the same; it is enough to follow the criteria described above.
Planting at home
For growing Adenium at home You can prepare the soil yourself or use specialized substrates.
Stores offer large selection ready-made soil mixtures suitable for planting succulents.
Let's look at some of them:
- Universal primer for indoor flowers. Sold in all garden stores, it is quite cheap, but may be of poor quality. Such substrates have a fairly dense structure and require a large amount of disintegrants. The mixture is nutritious, but the composition of microelements is not always suitable for Adenium.
- Special soil for succulents. It has an optimal composition and neutral acidity, but is not sterile and requires disinfection. It is quite expensive and is not sold in all stores. The mixtures are dense and moisture-intensive and require watering adjustments.
- Coco soil as a basis for preparing soil for Adenium yourself. Sterile substrate, sold in all specialized stores By affordable price. Lightweight, breathable, durable, non-caking, neutral acidity. The mixture is inert and requires the addition of fertilizers.
- Deciduous humus soil. You can buy or get it yourself. When preparing the substrate, it is mixed with coco soil and baking powder. Ideal for succulents, but requires sterilization.
Attention. Adenium requires loose soil, so all presented mixtures are mixed with raising agents.
Each gardener has his own preferences, the main thing is to choose the right ratio. The following can be used as leavening agents:
- Perlite.
- Vermiculite.
- Zeolite.
- Coarse sand.
- Charcoal.
- Pumice.
- Brick chips.
When preparing the soil yourself, it must be disinfected from harmful microorganisms calcination or treat with a 1% solution of potassium permanganate.
Landing on the street
- peat;
- large river sand;
- perlite or vermiculite.
Making your own substrate
Attention. The composition of the mixture for planting Adenium directly depends on the microclimate in which the plant will grow.
- Hot temperature above +25 degrees all year round and bright light. In such conditions, mixtures rich in nutrients are better suited, which will maximize the full potential of the tree.
When preparing the substrate, mix:
- 50-70% universal mixture for flowers or leafy humus soil.
- 20-30% vermiculite mixed with perlite.
- 10-20% charcoal.
Organic additives can be used.
- Warm, bright room with a temperature within 22-25 degrees, in winter period additional lighting is used. Less nutritious soil rich in minerals is used.
To do this, mix:
- 30% specialized mixture for succulents;
- 30% coco soil;
- 30% vermiculite and perlite in equal quantities;
- 10% charcoal.
- A darkened room with a temperature of up to 20 degrees. It is not recommended to grow the plant in such conditions, suitable soil cannot always compensate for the lack of heat and light.
Suitable inert mixtures consisting of:
- 60% coco soil;
- 30% perlite and zeolite;
- 10% charcoal.
Important. How less light and heat, the poorer the soil should be.
Consequences of the wrong choice
- Strong acidity of the soil or, conversely, an alkaline environment leads to tree disease (learn about possible problems, diseases and pests of adenium are possible, and from this you will learn about the causes of diseases desert rose and methods of treatment). The plant cannot absorb nutrients and microelements and stops in development.
- In moist and dense soil, the tree begins to rot; conditions are favorable for the development of harmful microorganisms.
- Excessive soil nutrition leads to lush growth of foliage, with scant flowering or its complete absence.
Adenium - unusual beautiful plant, which pleases with its flowering for a long time. The main condition for this is the choice of high-quality soil. Whether you purchase the substrate in a store or prepare it yourself, compliance with all requirements for its composition will give you the opportunity to enjoy the view flowering plant all year round.
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The soil mixture for growing Adenium must have high drainage properties, low moisture capacity and the presence of nutrients.
To ensure drainage properties add to the mixture (optional): sand, perlite, slag, brick chips, gravel, bark, nut shells, charcoal. These materials make up (30-70)% of the volume of the soil mixture, depending on its recipe. In addition to providing high drainage properties, they have low moisture holding capacity.
The moisture capacity of the soil mixture increases by adding to its composition (to choose from): turf soil, compost, leaf humus, clay (loam). These materials make up up to 40% of the volume of the soil mixture, depending on the recipe, and as an additional plus, they contain nutrients.
The nutritional value of the mixture increases due to the addition of organic and mineral fertilizers. Organic fertilizers can make up up to 20% of the volume of the soil mixture. Cattle humus is most often used as a component of the soil mixture.
Optimal acidity soil mixture pH (6.5-7.8). Acidity of the mixture – important indicator– ensures the availability of nutrients to the plant.
For plants whose caudex is more than 1.5 cm (1/2″) in diameter, cultivated in a temperate continental climate, I recommend the following composition of the soil mixture: 1 part turf soil + 1 part leaf humus + 1 part cow humus + 3 parts sand ( fraction 2-3mm). After preparation, sterilize the soil mixture.
For planting, you can use ready-made mixtures. If there are no mixtures for adenium on sale, then you can purchase a ready-made soil mixture for planting cacti or other succulent plants. Add 30% sand (of the volume of the mixture) to the cactus mixture and use it for planting adenium.
When preparing the soil, I do not recommend replacing sand with perlite, due to the fact that it is washed out of the soil. upper layers, and accumulates on the surface of the substrate, spoiling the appearance of the composition.
Choosing a pot
A mandatory requirement when choosing a pot is the presence of a drainage hole.
Adenium, in the first years, develops a powerful vertical root, so young plants are planted in classic, deep pots. A mature plant (caudex diameter from 6 cm) is planted in a shallow pot or bowl, since it root system, mainly develops laterally.
The size of the pot is chosen equal to two diameters of the caudex.
The material of the pot is not particularly important: both plastic and ceramic pots are used. When further growing adenium, we take into account the fact that the soil dries out faster in an unglazed ceramic pot than in a plastic or coated ceramic pot. As the plant's roots grow, they push the walls of the pot and quite often destroy it. Therefore, when growing a mature plant, the most practical is considered to be a cup-shaped pot - a bowl.
Adenium transplant
The optimal time for transplantation is the end of winter, the beginning of spring (for the temperate zone), i.e. before the start of active growth. Plant replanting should not be delayed, because by autumn the adenium roots must fill the entire volume of soil in the pot, otherwise the likelihood of putrefactive diseases will increase.
Young plants are replanted 1-2 times a year, adults - 1 time every two years.
When transplanting young plant, the old soil is completely removed. If a mature plant is being replanted, it is also advisable to remove all the old soil (it is convenient to wash it away with a stream of water).
In adenium breeding culture, replanting in some cases is carried out without removing the old soil, i.e. the plant, together with a lump of earth, is placed in a container larger size, and the free space is filled with fresh soil.
I recommend removing the old soil completely, since over time it changes its structure due to the decomposition of its constituent components. There is also an accumulation of salts in the soil, which enter it when watering with hard water, or accumulate during fertilizing. Accumulated salts change the acidity of the soil mixture, and this already creates a problem in the nutrition of the plant.
After removing the old soil, we inspect the root system for defects. Next, if necessary, we trim the roots. Sprinkle the cut areas with charcoal powder.
In the planting pot, cover the drainage hole with a shard, but so as not to block the water that should flow through it.
If the plant's large roots are damaged, then after replanting the adenium is not watered for 7 days - this is the time necessary for the healing of the damage received by the plant during replanting. If there was no damage to large roots, then you can water immediately after transplanting.
To form fancy shapes, when transplanting, adenium is raised above the soil level by 1-3 cm.
After the first watering, the surface of the substrate can be mulched with gravel or brick chips.
What soil should I choose for planting adenium? How good is the finished mail? Is there a universal or recommended composition? Maybe it would be better to buy coconut soil for adenium or prepare the soil at home? Similar questions are asked by all flower growers who want to diversify their collection. indoor plants adeniums. So, let’s turn to the opinion of experts and figure out what soil to choose for planting adenium at home. Let's decide on optimal composition soil for adenium. Is it possible to buy ready-made soil mixtures for this plant?
Characteristics of soil for adenium
What should be the composition of soil for adenium? Experts from Taiwan, Thailand, and India unanimously claim that there is no universal composition of the soil mixture for growing adenium. The composition of the soil depends on many factors: humidity and average air temperature in the area where adeniums will be grown. Also taken into account are the soil components available in a given region, their pH, nutritional value, fractional composition, and percentage of salt content.
In modern stores you can find ready-made soil for adenium. This is soil for succulents. But, in most cases, it has an “average” composition, that is, the components here are theirs percentage reduced to general indicators of humidity and air temperature. The finished soil will never correspond exactly to the microclimate in which adenium is planned to be grown. That is why experts do not recommend buying ready-made soil for adenium, but preparing it yourself, taking into account all environmental factors.
It is recommended to prepare the soil for adenium yourself, taking into account the characteristics of the microclimate (room, greenhouse). where the plant is planned to be grown. You can buy ready soil for succulents, but it will never be ideal for successful cultivation adenium.
More details, how to prepare soil for adenium at home. Examples of two soil mixtures
Rules for compiling a soil mixture for adenium
When composing the soil for adenium at home, it is imperative to take into account the climate characteristics of the area where the plant is planned to be grown. These are humidity and average air temperature, flow intensity sunlight and length of daylight hours. The moisture capacity of the soil, its air permeability, fractional composition, pH and salt composition are also taken into account.
Soil moisture capacity (WHC). This is the ability of the soil mixture to retain moisture between waterings. The higher the moisture capacity of the composed soil substrate, the less often it needs to be watered. But here it is also necessary to take into account the climate characteristics of the area where adeniums grow. So, if it is dry and hot outside or indoors (air temperature above +25...+27 degrees, humidity below 75%), then a soil mixture with greater moisture capacity will be relevant. And vice versa, if it’s cold or high humidity air (air temperature below +25 degrees, air humidity above 80%), then it is better to give preference to light soils with low moisture holding capacity.
The moisture capacity will depend on the age of the plant and the size of the pot in which it is placed. So, if the plant is large and has a well-developed root system, and the pot is small (the roots are close to the walls of the pot), then the soil in such a system will dry out very quickly, and therefore you will need soil with a high moisture capacity. On the contrary, the plant was recently transplanted into a larger pot than the previous one. In such a system, moisture will leave the soil slowly, so you need to choose a soil mixture with low moisture capacity.
The photo shows black soil. This is heavy soil. It is highly not recommended to use it in pure form for planting adenium, as it contains a lot of nitrogen. When watered, it behaves similarly to clay. Its structural particles, interacting with water, form a dense structure. The latter does not allow air to reach the roots of the plant.
The photo above shows coconut crumbs. Although it is capable of retaining moisture within itself, it is added to the soil to improve aeration.
The following can increase the moisture capacity of the soil: peat, coconut fiber, clay, chernozem. Coarse-grained or washed river sand is designed to reduce moisture holding capacity.
Aeration or air permeability of the soil. This concept refers to the ability of the soil to pass air to the roots of the plant. Air permeability is inversely proportional to soil moisture capacity. That is, as air permeability increases, moisture capacity decreases and vice versa. If we consider the cultivation of adenium, then the indicator of air permeability is more important here than moisture capacity. It is better when more air passes to the roots of the plant. This prevents the development of rot and nematodes. In wet and heavy soil, the root system develops very slowly. It is more susceptible to rotting. What negatively affects health and appearance flower.
Agroperlite is intended for growing indoor plants, does not contain heavy metals, increases soil aeration, is able to retain moisture inside and release water to the soil as it dries.
Coarse-grained sand is designed to improve soil aeration. But it has very little moisture capacity and contains virtually no nutrients.
What can increase the breathability of soil for adenium? These are coarse-grained sand, coconut fiber, vermiculite (non-toxic, enriches the soil with potassium and magnesium), perlite (you can buy special perlite for gardening. Industrial perlite contains toxic elements), expanded clay.
It is also worth considering the structure of the soil. Only structured soil will allow air to pass to the roots of adenium. What is structured soil? These look like small lumps of soil, the smaller particles of which are connected by a binding component. Let's look at it with an example.
Separately, clay soil and humus are small particles. When watering, a dense crust forms on the surface of the soil, where clay or humus predominates, and the soil itself turns into one large lump that will never allow air to reach the roots of the plant. If you mix clay and humus together, and then add water to this system, lumps will form before your eyes. They can then be called complete structured soil. However, such a structure is short-lived and is destroyed if excess nitrogen fertilizers are added to the soil. Therefore, it is better to maintain the soil structure using components such as expanded clay, vermiculite, and a commensurate ratio of peat or coconut fiber in the system.
In addition to the structure of the soil, its texture is also important. Texture refers to the size of interacting particles. For example, ordinary (construction) sand is not added to the soil for adenium, since it has a poor texture. It's very small. Instead, it is recommended to use coarse-grained (river) sand. It is larger, that is, it has a good texture. Such sand will allow air to pass well to the roots of the plant.
Next important point- you cannot mix small and very large particles with each other (last two photos). For example, you cannot mix expanded clay with a particle size of 1 cm, sand and humus. Smaller particles of humus and sand will densely fill the space between larger particles of expanded clay. The soil structure will suffer, and so will the breathability. It is better to take expanded clay for making a soil mixture with a particle size of up to 0.5 cm. It is recommended to use vermiculite instead.
Soil acidity (pH), percentage of salt content. The optimal soil acidity for adeniums is between 5 and 6. It is in such an environment that the plant grows and develops well, consuming all nutrients from the soil. If the pH range shifts up or down, problems with the plant begin. These are diseases - rot, chlorosis, as well as general developmental delay. Why is this happening? In a strongly acidic or, conversely, alkaline environment, adenium is not able to absorb nutrients and microelements from the soil, which negatively affects the condition of the flower.
How to avoid the problem? Initially, do not add a large percentage to the soil mixture. organic fertilizers. This applies to bird droppings and unrotted cattle droppings. Otherwise, the pH will shift closer to 0, that is, the environment will be acidic. Plus, nitrites and nitrates will predominate in the soil. Of course, nitrogen, like other nutrients, is necessary for adeniums, but manufacturers from Thailand and India recommend adding them less, but more often.
The next problem is alkalization of the soil. This happens if you water the soil for adenium with hard water. Before watering, it is better to boil the water or neutralize the alkaline environment with a few drops of lemon juice.
Among popular succulents, adenium is especially popular, attracting attention with its long and lush flowering. An ornamental plant, with the right agricultural technology, can quickly adapt to new conditions, but in order for the cultivation to be successful, it is recommended to competently approach the issue of choosing the soil for planting it. The composition of the soil for adenium should include a sufficient amount of useful components and be balanced. It is quite possible to prepare it at home.
Basic soil requirements
High-quality soil for adenium should have a neutral acidity level. If the grass mixture is selected in specialized retail outlets, then you need to pay attention to the information provided by the manufacturer. Substrates with low acidity (below 5.8) or alkaline (above 7 pH) are not suitable for this ornamental plant. To determine acidity when preparing soil at home, you need to use litmus indicator paper. If the stripe turns red, then the soil is too acidic, orange - medium acidic, yellow - slightly acidic, green - neutral. The soil mixture for adenium should contain 50% raising agents.
Heavy and dense soil does not allow water to pass through well during irrigation, as a result of which it stagnates and the root system is subject to putrefactive processes. Such a substrate not only prevents the passage of moisture, but also air; the roots of the plant also experience oxygen starvation. But an excessive amount of baking powder in the soil also negatively affects adenium, since the moisture capacity of the soil is significantly reduced. Water almost immediately seeps through the ground and flows out of flower pot, leaching away nutritional components.
If the soil mixture is prepared at home, then care should be taken to clean it from pathogenic microorganisms. If sand or garden soil, then disinfection is carried out through calcination or treatment with a solution of potassium permanganate 1%.
Soil composition for planting
In the plant’s homeland, the components of the correct substrate include coconut fibers, rice husks, and particles of tree fern. But such soil is not entirely suitable for adenium in northern latitudes. On the territory of Russia and European countries It is better to use more familiar components such as peat, leaf soil, sand, perlite and vermiculite.
The soil for adenium should have sufficient moisture and air permeability, and have a neutral or slightly acidic environment. Among its components are peat, leaf soil, river sand, a little charcoal, small pebbles to protect the plant from rotting roots. In addition, it is effective to add coconut fiber.
Often, gardeners use coconut fiber (50%), deciduous humus soil (25-30%), and fine- or medium-grained river sand to prepare the substrate. Alternatively, you can purchase ready-made soil for succulents.
Making your own substrate
Among the effective soil substrates for planting adenium are:
- Soil consisting of coconut substrate (30%), cactus soil (30%), vermiculite (15%), perlite (15%), charcoal (10%).
- Soil made from universal substrate (50%), vermiculite (15%), perlite (25%), charcoal (10%).
- Soil mixture from coconut soil (50%), perlite (30%), vermiculite and charcoal, taken in equal proportions (10% each).
- A substrate that is prepared with your own hands based on peat soil. The main component is 2 parts, expanded clay - 1 part, perlite - 1 part, brick chips - 1 part, charcoal - 1/3 part. This ideal option substrate for slow-growing succulents that need nutritious and loose soil structure. It is also suitable for transplanting and picking indoor plants at home.
Adenium is relatively unpretentious plant, but for its successful cultivation a fertile and loose soil substrate is required. Transplanted flowers especially need nutritional components so that they can quickly take root and begin to bloom. You can purchase high-quality soil mixture in the store or prepare it yourself, which is not only affordable, but also effective.
Planting substrate
The second rule of adenium grower is to use a loose, breathable and sterile substrate.
There are a lot of recipes for mixtures for planting adeniums (we do not confuse them with sowing, we read about the sowing substrate). Basically, they differ in certain “fossils” that can be mined in the grower’s place of residence. But no matter how different the components are, in the end all mixtures must meet the following properties in terms of properties: breathability, friability and, as a result, quick drying.
1. There are many leavening agents; there is no need to use all of them in one mixture. Therefore, next to each name the approximate maximum addition to the mixture is indicated:
Perlite 50% (5)
- vermiculite 20% (preferably large (6))
- 10-20% (4)
- expanded clay chips 25%
- brick chips 20% (3)
- foam balls 25%
- 20% (river(1)
, quartz(2)
, but not construction)
- small pieces of charcoal 10-15%, maximum 20%
- 30%
2. When composing the mixture, consider the properties of the pot. If it is plastic or glazed ceramics, then it is better not to get carried away with adding vermiculite - in such pots the moisture is retained longer, and this is also aggravated by vermiculite. Conversely, if you use air- and water-permeable clay pots, then the content of vermiculite will be quite justified. Read more in the topic “Choosing a pot”.
3. The same goes for climatic conditions. The cooler the conditions, the slower the soil dries out, which means it is better not to add moisture-retaining components to it. In hot climates the situation is the opposite. So focus on the properties of the components and try them on for your climatic conditions.
4. Make sure the mixture is safe.Used as a natural antiseptic . There is a separate topic on disinfection methods"Disinfection of substrate and drainage".
5. When planting adenium, drainage of several centimeters is required. Suitable examples include pieces of polystyrene foam, brick chips, pieces of charcoal (permissible for seedlings, but not recommended for young and especially adult plants). Do not use pebbles or other cold-conducting materials - cold causes rotting of the roots.
6. When researching information for articles, I noticed that some people confuse soil looseness with moisture capacity. This is probably why some beginners try to mix soil-based substrate for epiphytes. Such a choice can result in nothing less than death for adenium, especially if moss is present in the mixture. And it's not even that it decomposes. Firstly, moss is too moisture-absorbing (some types absorb 20 times their own weight in moisture!), and secondly, it has an acidic reaction.
Adenium is not an epiphyte. He's a succulent. And epiphytes and succulents stand on opposite sides of the floral galaxy. Adeniums need loose soil. Moisture-intensive absorbs water and retains it, but the substrate needs to dry out in 2-3 days.
I won’t tell you about the delights of overseas adenium growers; it’s better to go straight to the mixtures whose ingredients are available in our area.
PLANTING MIXTURE.
1. Based on shredded coconut fiber(, coconut disc, cocopit, cocopet and coco-peat).
Compound:
60% coconut fiber + 40% rippers or 50% to 50%.
One of best mixtures for growing adeniums, so it makes sense to give a few sample recipes.
50% coconut fiber, 30% perlite, 10% expanded clay, 10% charcoal - suitable for cool climates and for pourers.
50% coir, 20% perlite, 20% vermiculite, 10% charcoal (or other leavening agent) - suitable for hot climates and dryers.
60% coconut fiber, 15% vermiculite, 15% charcoal, 10% sand (or other baking powder) - if there is no perlite.
50% coconut fiber, 20% perlite, 10% vermiculite, 10% sand, 10% charcoal, (or other baking powder) - a multi-component mixture.
2. Based on peat soil.
Compound:
60% peat soil + 40% rippers or 50% to 50%. In very extreme cases, you can use 100% peat soil, but then mistakes in watering are unacceptable. Still, try to add some baking powder.
Blend option:
by analogy with the previous one.
Peat soil is suitable for “For cacti and succulents”, “Universal”. The acidity is neutral, which excludes the use of soils with high acidity, for example, for azaleas or low acidity.
3. Peat-based (not recommended option).
Compound:
50% peat + 50% rippers. If there is no other way out, then how last resort Peat can be used as a base. The main disadvantage of high-moor peat is increased acidity, while low-lying peat is low.
4. Gravel mixture.
This mixture does not contain soil and therefore gives a special specificity for growing adenium, which is not suitable for everyone. As part of such a mixture, it is highly recommended to use it, which is capable of retaining moisture and nutrients.
I will only note that seedlings, as a rule, are not grown in a gravel mixture (this is due to the growth of the root mass in the first year of growth), only at the age of a young plant do they begin a gradual transition to soilless maintenance.
These were universal tips on soil composition. You can use them, or you can make changes to the mixture, adapting it to your specific conditions. To do this, you need to know why this or that ingredient is needed in the mixture.
Let's take a closer look at them. Then you can independently vary their percentage or find a replacement for them, based on the availability of fillers.
SUBSTRATES.
1.
- These are coconut shell fibers. It is crushed and pressed into briquettes.
The content in the mixture is 50-70%.
I was very fond of flower growers who tried it, and I join their number. Soft, airy, one might even say fluffy, coconut substrate is great for flower mixtures in general. And if we talk about adenium, then the mixture based on it is one of the best.
Externally, coconut fiber is similar to peat, but only in appearance. Coco-peat, unlike peat, is pH neutral. Another advantage is that it easily absorbs water after drying.
Advantages:
It has good, but not excessive water-holding capacity.
Does not have “diseases” of the earth, because there is no pathogenic environment.
When dry it can be used as mulch.
When it dries out and then waters, it quickly and evenly restores moisture, which compares favorably with peat, which is difficult to moisten after drying out.
The porous structure has a beneficial effect on the roots of the plant, which promotes intensive root formation.
Can be used repeatedly.
pH neutral.
Flaws:one is the absence in most flower shops.
There are several types of coconut briquettes with different fiber lengths. We are interested in the one that, when swelling, vaguely resembles finely chopped tea leaves or cigarette tobacco.
I use “Grow Up” coconut briquettes, made in India, but in our own packaging.
I saw briquettes online that looked like large compressed sawdust as in the photo. I’m not sure that these are suitable as the main component, especially for seeds and seedlings, but as a cultivator they are quite suitable. There are also long-fiber briquettes that make coconut sponge. Here they are don't fit exactly.
2. Peat soil- a mixture of peat (usually high-moor, sometimes high-moor and low-lying) and plant soil ( upper part fertile soil layer).
Advantages: light, fluffy, contains nutrients. If the planting is not crowded, young seedlings do not need to be replanted for a long time.
Flaws: purchased soils are non-sterile. It is imperative to disinfect the mixture, since there is a possibility of developing a pathogenic environment.
Of the common brands“Terra vita” (+50% rippers), “Garden of Miracles” (+50% rippers), “GreenWorld” (you can get by with 40% rippers) are suitable.
Where to get it: V flower shops.
3. Peat- distinguish between upland and lowland.
Contents in the mixture: up to 50%.
High peat
- remains of mosses, rosemary, cotton grass.
Properties: air and water permeability, moisture capacity up to 1200%, high acidity, high thermal capacity.
Advantages: does not contain weed seeds, pests or pathogens. Cheap.
The main disadvantages for adenium farming: increased acidity and moisture capacity.
Lowland peat
- rotted plant and wood residues.
Properties: low thermal capacity. It is more fertile than upland and has low acidity, which, like high acidity, negatively affects the growth of adenium.
Where to get it: in flower shops.
