For recent years, in our century high technology, items with minimal energy consumption for their operation are of particular value. Such products are especially ideal for heating devices, effectively regulating their performance. One of these items is a thermostat for an infrared heater, which will be discussed in this article.

Types and characteristics of thermostats

A thermostat is a device that allows you to record the temperature in a room at a certain time interval and at the same time adjust the device settings to the required values. For example, when the temperature reaches a certain figure, the heating forcibly ends the operation cycle. And, conversely, with its decrease, the device resumes its operation.

The design characteristics and operating principle of thermostats may be different. There are two main types of thermostats for heaters:

• mechanical;
• electronic.

Hello, dear readers of the Electrician's Notes website.

I planned to install a heated floor in my bathroom at the beginning of November. After reading many reviews and suggestions on the forums, I chose the Thermomat heating mat, or Thermo for short, from a Swedish manufacturer.

The TVK heating cable has two conductors with a cross-section of 2.8 (mm) in double Teflon insulation. The inner shell is made of aluminum foil (screen), and the outer shell is made of PVC, which gives the cable additional strength and tightness, as well as uniform temperature distribution along its entire length. The cable is attached to a plastic reinforcing mesh of a certain size.

This is what it all looks like.

This heating mat It is also convenient in that it can be installed directly into the layer of tile adhesive. The result is a “thin warm floor”. And according to the manufacturer's instructions, it can be installed even on old tiles.

My bathroom is modest in size, so I chose the TVK-130 heating mat kit costing 3,528 rubles. Here are its characteristics:

• heating cable brand - TVK
• operating voltage 230 (V)
• size plastic mesh 0.5x2 (m)
• heating area 1 (sq.m)
• power 130 (W)
• resistance 407 (Ohm)
• maximum heating temperature up to 90°C

The supply connecting wires (made of copper) have a cross-section of 1.0 (mm2) and a length of 3 (m). They are also called “cold” because they are not heating, but only connect the TVK cable to the thermostat.

• phase L - brown color
• zero N - blue color
• screen grounding PE - yellow-green color

This kit also includes a piece of corrugation for laying the temperature sensor (temperature sensor), which comes with the thermostat. There was no thermostat included in this kit, so I had to select one separately.

How to choose a thermostat for heated floors

I chose the simplest mechanical thermostat TR-110 from the National Comfort company.

Its cost was 1499 rubles.

I could also buy an electronic one, which has many functions, an LCD display and the ability to program, but it will be more expensive in price, and I don’t need so many “bells and whistles” in the bathroom. It would be a different matter if I used it in a water heating system.

By the way, the warranty for TR-110 is 2 years from the date of purchase.

Here is the receipt for all purchased floor heating equipment:

Total, 5000 rubles.

Purpose and technical data of thermostat TR-110

TR-110 is necessary to maintain set temperature(from +5°C to +45°C) heated floor surfaces in the bathroom, kitchen and other rooms. This happens using a temperature sensor that comes with it. In fact, this is an ordinary thermistor, whose resistance changes in one direction or another depending on the temperature.

Technical data:

In terms of switching ability, it suits me, because... The power of the heated floor is only 130 (W) or 0.6 (A).

If your floor heating load current exceeds the maximum load current of the thermostat, then you need to use a contactor.

Installation and installation of the thermostat

First of all, you need to decide on the installation location of the thermostat. I already had an outlet installed in my bathroom, so in order not to lay a new line, I decided to install the thermostat just below the outlet and connect it with a cable from it.

Then, between the socket and the thermostat, I made a power cable for the TR-110 thermostat.

In my case, a VVGng cable (3x2.5) was laid from the apartment panel to the socket. This line is secure automatic switch 16 (A) and RCD 25 (A), 30 (mA). Therefore, to power the thermostat, I laid a cable of a similar brand and cross-section - VVGng (3x2.5).

If you are renovating the entire apartment, then it is advisable to lay a separate supply line for the heated floor from the apartment panel with a copper cable with a cross-section of 2.5 sq. mm. This line must be protected by a circuit breaker 16 (A) and an RCD 25 (A), 30 (mA).

To hide the power wires of the TVK-130 heating cable and the corrugation with the temperature sensor, I made a vertical groove in the wall from the floor to the thermostat socket.

All that remains is to hollow out a channel (a continuation of the groove on the wall) in the floor at a distance of 30-50 (cm) into the heating zone for laying a corrugated tube with a temperature sensor. We immediately leave it in the canal.

Then you need to lay out the TVK-130 heating mat.

To do this, we will remove all debris, sharp objects and dust after gating, and prime the old floor surface ( concrete base- screed).

Carefully lay the heating mat on the floor surface so that the temperature sensor is located at the same distance from the heating cable, and secure it with plastic brackets.

Then we apply tile adhesive to the mesh and lay the tiles. As they say in the instructions, the total layer (tile adhesive + tile covering) should not exceed 2 (cm).

On the body of almost any thermostat there is a diagram of its connection. My case is no exception.

The temperature sensor (thermistor) is always connected to terminals 1 and 2. Polarity does not matter.

The thermostat supply voltage 220 (V) is supplied to terminal 6 (phase L) and terminal 5 (zero N).

I hope you know how to find the phase of the power supply. If you have forgotten, then read the article about or.

1. For two-core cable

In my case, a two-core TVK cable is used. Therefore, we will connect it to the thermostat according to the following diagram.

We connect the brown wire (phase L) to terminal 3, the blue wire (zero N) to terminal 4, the yellow-green wire (PE shield grounding) to terminal 5.

Here I ask you to pay attention to the fact that the heating cable screen is supposed to be zeroed. If you have an apartment, then the screen should not be grounded, but grounded. Otherwise, if you have an RCD installed in your panel, then it will be .

Unfortunately, this thermostat does not have a grounding terminal (PE), so you need to connect the screen of the TVK cable to the PE network conductor using. And lay the connection itself in a free space in the socket box.

Some models of thermostats already have a PE grounding terminal installed, which significantly speeds up the installation process.

2. For single core cable

If you use single-core heating cable, then its wires (usually they white) are connected to terminals 3 and 4, and the yellow-green wire (PE shield grounding) to terminal 5.

There is a similar situation here with the heating cable screen being grounded. Read the explanation of this just above.

To install the thermostat in the socket box, you need to remove the adjustment “wheel” and bend the two latches. Thus, you will remove front part regulator Place the remaining part into the socket box and secure it with screws around the perimeter.

How to use the thermostat TR-110

On outside The thermostat is located:

• switch
• "wheel" for setting the desired temperature
• red LED for "on" position

The switch has two positions. If it is set to “0”, then the thermostat is disabled, if “1”, then the thermostat goes into working condition and controls and maintains the set temperature of the heated floor surface.

Just the same, with the help of the “wheel” the required temperature is adjusted according to the applied scale.

When the red LED is on, it means that the thermostat has turned on the heating system.

How does this work? It's simple. We set the temperature on the regulator to 26°C. If the floor surface temperature is less than 26°C, the thermostat turns on the heating cable. As soon as the surface temperature reaches 26°C, the thermostat turns it off.

This is how you achieve both comfort in the bathroom and savings electrical energy, due to the fact that the heaters are not constantly on.

P.S. That's all. Thank you for your attention. If you have questions about this material, please ask them in the form of comments or by personal email.

With the onset of cold weather, many begin to think about additional heating of your home. Since with the beginning heating season, as a rule, begin renovation work in places where heating mains break. Or do you have thoughts of switching to electric heating, as an additional alternative for country house. In this article we will talk about a temperature-controlling device - a thermostat, and we will talk about how to install and connect a thermostat to an infrared heater.

Installation nuances

We will not go into the types and types of regulators, or arrange comparisons and tournaments. All of them are good in their own way and will fulfill their purpose, serving faithfully. The first thing you want to pay attention to is the installation location. Doesn’t depend on what type of heaters you have: infrared, panel, convection.

Installation of a thermostat with an air temperature sensor is prohibited in the following places:

• in close proximity to heaters;
• in places where there is a draft;
• in the heating zone of infrared emitters.

All these places are unsuitable for placing a thermostat, since when located near the heater, the air next to it will heat up to the desired temperature earlier, which will lead to false operation, as a result of which the room will not heat up to a comfortable temperature.

If you install the thermostat in the heating zone of the IR heater, its body will heat up earlier and distort the sensor readings. In places where there is a draft, the sensor will not show the desired temperature and the heaters will overheat the room, consuming excess electricity. The height of the temperature sensor should be placed in the comfort zone, at a level of 1.5 meters from the floor.

Connection diagrams

Always, before installing and connecting the thermostat, read the instructions and passport data for the device. Since the manufacturer indicates the required cable cross-section and provides a connection diagram for its products. If you deviate from the requirements and save on wires and thermostats, there is a high probability of equipment failure or fire hazard.

Connection diagram of the thermostat to an infrared heater with a power of up to 3.5 kW:

If the room is heated by a group of heaters up to 3.5 kW, then the connection diagram will look like this:

If you are the owner of a three-phase network and heating is carried out by a group of heaters with a total power of more than 3.5 kW, then a magnetic starter is added to the control circuit, which is controlled by a thermostat:

This is the principle used to install a temperature controller. As you can see, there are some features in installing and connecting the thermostat, so it is important to first read the instructions from the manufacturer and then proceed with the main process.

Effective heating control is a vital part of running your boiler and home heating system efficiently. Proper use of controls will reduce the energy consumption of the unit, while creating a comfortable temperature in every room of the house, avoiding overheating of the premises. A thermostat (or programmer) controls the operation of the boiler depending on the room temperature.

Up to 20% of the volume of energy consumed can be saved by using this type of automation. And energy prices are quite high and every normal person wants to reduce their expenses.

We consider a situation where the boiler is calculated correctly, the necessary insulation of the premises has been completed, and the heating system is functioning normally.

Main types of boilers and temperature control

There are several types of boilers: solid fuel, gas, electric and liquid fuel.

Boilers received widespread all over the world. There are domestic samples, and there are also imported boilers. Material of manufacture: steel or cast iron. Easy to use, economical, with the function of adjusting the coolant temperature. In cheaper models, this function is implemented using a special device - a thermoelement.

Structurally, the thermoelement is metal product, the geometric dimensions of which decrease or increase under the influence of temperatures (depending on the degree of heating). And this, in turn, changes the position of a special lever that closes and opens the draft damper. The photo shows an example of such a regulator:

Photo: thermostat sample

The more the damper is open, the stronger the combustion process, and vice versa. Thus, the volume of air that enters the combustion chamber closed type, is fully controlled by the thermostat, and if necessary, its supply is stopped and the combustion process is extinguished. In more modern models controllers are installed that, depending on the specified thermal conditions, control the air flow, turning on (or off) a special fan (see photo below):

Gas boilers- the most common and cheapest units to operate. Boilers are single-circuit and double-circuit. Single-circuit boilers have one heat exchanger and are intended for heating only. The connection diagram is shown in the figure below:

Switching diagram for a single-circuit boiler

Double-circuit boilers have two heat exchangers and are designed for heating and obtaining hot water. The boiler switching diagram is presented below:

Some boilers have separate controls for heating and hot water temperatures.

Electric boilers

A fairly common alternative to gas and solid fuel boilers. Lots of advantages, high efficiency, but long payback period. The connection is simple, like gas boilers, but without a supply cold water. Temperature regulation and overheat protection are provided.

Mechanical boiler timer

Using a simple mechanical electric boiler timer There are three options for starting the central heating system:

1. The boiler is turned off;
2. The boiler supplies warm water;
3. The boiler turns on and off at the set time.

Mechanical timers usually have a large round dial with a 24-hour scale in the center. By turning the dial, you can set the desired time, and then leave it in that position. The boiler will turn on at the right time. The outer part consists of a set of tabs for a 15-minute period, which are inserted for easy adjustment of operation and mode settings. Emergency reconfiguration is possible, which is performed with the boiler connected to the network.

Mechanical timers are easy to set up, but the boiler always turns on and off at the same time every day, and this may not satisfy the owners if the family is large and bathing procedures are carried out several times a day at different times.

Types of thermostats

Based on the type of functions, they can be divided into several groups:

— with one function (temperature maintenance);

- with a large number of functions (programmable).

Based on their design, thermostats are divided into types: wireless and with wires for communication with the boiler. Install the thermostats in a convenient place, connect the temperature sensor, connect it to the boiler control system and use it.

Room thermostats require a constant flow of air for normal and proper operation, so they should not be covered with curtains or blocked by furniture. Neighboring with electric thermostat devices may interfere correct operation devices: lamps, TVs, heating devices, located nearby.

Programmable electronic room thermostat allows you to select the desired and comfortable temperature at any time, it is easy to reconfigure and change the operating mode. The timer allows you to set a different heating pattern on weekdays and weekends. Some timers allow you to set different settings for each day of the week, which can be useful for people who work part-time or shift work. Many Terneo and KChM models are equipped with such thermostats.

A programmable room thermostat allows you to set individual heating standards for each day in accordance with your lifestyle and maintain the temperature of the house all the time, regardless of the presence or departure of the owners.
Video: Connecting a room thermostat to a gas boiler

If the heating system is controlled by a boiler with a radiator, as a rule, only one programmable room thermostat is needed to control the entire house. Some patterns need to be adjusted in the spring and fall when the clocks go forward and backward or a certain change occurs climatic conditions. We also recommend changing the temperature settings when changing from day to night.

This climate controller has several options that expand its capabilities:

• “Party”, which stops heating for several hours, then resumes;
• “Override” allows you to temporarily change the programmed temperatures during one of the configured periods;
• “Holiday” increases the heating intensity or reduces it for a certain number of days.

Central thermostat

This thermostat is located far from your boiler and usually allows you to turn the heating on or off throughout the house. Older versions are connected by wires to the boiler; newer systems tend to send signals to the device's command post. It is precisely the new type of devices that are equipped with quite expensive but effective appliances: double-circuit boilers Ferroli, Beretta and domestic AOGV.

The most famous room thermostats for a double-circuit boiler trademark Gsm and Protherm. They have a built-in dilatometric thermostat for the boiler, which, depending on the model, can operate remotely; this technology is often used for an electric boiler or solid fuel units.

The room thermostat turns off the heating of the system as needed. It works by measuring the air temperature, and turning the heating on when the air temperature drops below the thermostat setting, and turning it off when set temperature will be achieved.

Adviсe:

1. It is recommended to set the thermostat to 20°C;
2. At night, the set temperature should be between 19-21° C.
3. It is advisable that the temperature in the children's room is about 22 ° C.
4. The temperature should not fall below 22°C in rooms for elderly and disabled people.

As a rule, the temperature of the entire house or individual rooms is based on only one climate microcontroller in the heating system. Best option its location in the living room or bedroom, which should probably be the most visited place in the house.

Room thermostats need free air flow to measure temperature, so they should not be covered with curtains or blocked by furniture. Devices adjacent to the electric thermostat may interfere with the correct operation of the device. These include lamps, TVs, neighbors' boilers through the wall, touch switches.

Thermostatic control valves

Thermostatic valve a simple solution to the problem of obtaining a coolant at a given temperature by mixing colder water with warmer water. View three way valve presented below:

The thermostatic radiator valve allows you to control the temperature in the room by varying the flow of hot water through the radiator. They regulate the flow of hot water through the radiator, but do not control the boiler. Such devices must be installed to adjust the temperature needed in each individual room.

This idea should be considered as an addition to the thermal control installation. Also, such devices require periodic readjustment and regular performance checks (every six months when changing operating modes).

Homemade external thermostat for the boiler: instructions

Below is a diagram of a homemade thermostat for a boiler, which is assembled using Atmega-8 and 566 series microcircuits, a liquid crystal display, a photocell and several temperature sensors. The Atmega-8 programmable chip is responsible for compliance given parameters thermostat settings.

Strictly speaking, this circuit turns the heating boiler on or off when the outside air temperature decreases (increases) (sensor U2), and also performs these actions when the temperature in the room changes (sensor U1). It is possible to adjust the operation of two timers, which allow you to adjust the time of these processes. A piece of circuitry with a photoresistor affects the process of turning on the boiler depending on the time of day.

Sensor U1 is located directly in the room, and sensor U2 is located on the street. It is connected to the boiler and installed next to it. If necessary you can add electrical part circuits that allow you to turn on and off high-power units:

Another thermostat circuit with one control parameter based on the K561LA7 chip:

The thermostat is assembled on the basis of the K651LA7 microcircuit and is simple and easy to adjust. Our thermostat is a special thermistor that significantly reduces resistance when heating. This resistor is connected to the electricity voltage divider network. This circuit also contains resistor R2, with which we can set the required temperature. Based on this scheme, you can make a thermostat for any boiler: Baxi, Ariston, Evp, Don.

Another circuit for a microcontroller-based thermostat:

The device is assembled on the basis of a PIC16F84A microcontroller. The role of the sensor is performed digital thermometer DS18B20. A small relay controls the load. Microswitches set the temperature, which is displayed on the indicators. Before assembly, you will need to program the microcontroller. First, erase everything from the chip and then reprogram it, and then reassemble it and use it to your health. The device is not capricious and works fine.

The cost of parts is 300-400 rubles. A similar regulator model costs five times more.

A few final tips:

• although they fit most models different options thermostats, it is still desirable that the thermostat for the boiler and the boiler itself are made by the same manufacturer, this will significantly simplify installation and the operating process itself;
• before purchasing such equipment, you need to calculate the area of ​​the room and the required temperature in order to avoid “downtime” of equipment and changes in wiring due to connecting devices of higher power;
• before installing the equipment, you need to take care of the thermal insulation of the room, otherwise high heat losses will be inevitable, and this is an additional cost item;
• if you are not sure that you need to purchase expensive equipment, then you can conduct a consumer experiment. Buy a cheaper mechanical thermostat, adjust it and see the result.

Unlike radiators, infrared heaters help provide heating over a larger area at a much lower temperature. This allows for economical heating modern houses. To ensure thermal comfort for users and controlled operation of floor equipment, controls should be used. Below is information on how to connect the Ballu BMT 1 and BMT 2 thermostat, the features and advantages of these devices.

Control via TDC thermostat

Thermal comfort is a subjective feeling for each person. This is a condition in which people perform normal homework without excessive overheating or hypothermia. Thermostats are needed to regulate the temperature and help infrared heaters function properly. TDC is modern electronic device with feedback that maintains the exact set temperature.

Its control system is very simple and at the same time effective - you should set the value that you want to achieve in the selected room. Sensors detect the temperature and then turn on the device to achieve the desired value. After that heating devices automatically turn off. The next switching occurs when the temperature begins to drop. This control system saves energy - the heaters operate only about 4-6 hours a day.

Before answering the question, TDC thermostat 1: how to connect, you should know that the temperature in the apartment largely depends on the location of the heater. It is recommended to install it in an accessible place, away from drafts (windows, doors).

Main advantages

The main advantages of TDC thermostats include:

• ease of use (just use the dial to set the desired room temperature);
• low purchase and subsequent maintenance costs.

Thus, controlling the temperature inside the house allows you to maintain sufficient thermal comfort and reduce heating costs.

Before installation

You should know that the answer to the question: BMT thermostat 2 - how to connect, is directly related to the installation of Ballu BMT 1. To install them safely, it is recommended to follow the following precautions:

• Before starting work, turn off the heater from the mains;
• Use wires with standard colors and suitable cross-section.

Meaning of wire colors:

• brown phase – control cable;
• blue phase – neutral wire N (“zero”);
• red or black – phase conductor.

Installing a thermostat

A few words about how to connect the Ballu TDC thermostat 1. Installation of the device must proceed sequentially:

1. Pull back the thermostat cover and remove the screws and plugs.
2. Use an indicator screwdriver to determine the phase in the socket.
3. Connect the brown wire (phase) to the sensor.
4. According to the diagram, connect one end of the heater to the third wire.
5. Connect the blue wire to the remaining end.
6. Place a jumper between the third and fifth wires.
7. After an intermediate test, in which the device is rung to see if the thermostat is working, a plastic box is put on.

The figure below shows how to connect the Ballu BMT 1 thermostat according to the connection diagram. Wiring is laid to the location of the device, which is connected to zero or phase.

For the Ballu BMT 2 thermostat, the connection diagram is similar to the one shown above, only the terminal numbers are different. After installation, the device is connected to infrared heater a separate line.

If you have any questions, call us! Our consultants will advise you.