Frame garage - we build it with our own hands. How to make a frame garage with your own hands? Benches for a wooden frame garage

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In order for the car to serve for a long time and not present unpleasant surprises on the road, it must have its own cozy storage place, protected from adverse weather conditions. For your pet, you can build an inexpensive frame garage with your own hands.

This article will reveal everything key points construction of a frame garage and detailed step-by-step instructions are given for its main stages of work. For clarity, our website presents photo and video materials, where you can familiarize yourself with all the intricacies of construction using the examples given.

Preparatory work

Work on the construction of a frame garage made of wood, like any other structure, begins with a project. To do this, drawings and diagrams of the future building are made, calculating the amount of basic materials and selecting the necessary tools.

Then a suitable site for construction is selected, preferably on flat surface. It is cleared of stones and debris, leveled and compacted. To prepare a place for a garage, the area is marked, pegs are driven into the corners, and then removed upper part soil to a depth of about 50 cm.

Laying the foundation

All structures based wooden frame, and especially a frame-panel garage, are relatively light in weight, so they do not require laying too solid a foundation. The choice of the type of foundation for a frame garage depends on the features of its design, the condition of the soil on which construction is being carried out, as well as on the basis of economic feasibility.

The best option is the pouring of a monolithic concrete slab, which at the same time acts as solid foundation and as a floor. To do this, our recess needs to be filled in and compacted with sand. Then put geotextiles, and put crushed stone on top of it and compact it. At the next stage, formwork is installed, waterproofing is laid, reinforcement is tied, after which the site is evenly filled with concrete mixture and carefully leveled around the entire perimeter. Work can be continued only after the solution has completely hardened after 2-3 weeks.

Frame construction

The frame of our garage can be made of various materials. It can be metal and mounted from a stainless steel profile by welding. We will consider the option of how to build a frame garage made of wood. Before construction, it is advisable to treat all wooden elements special composition to improve the strength properties and durability of the material.

The skeleton of the frame is erected starting from a stable base. For this purpose, boards of a larger cross-section are selected, which are fixed in concrete using metal brackets. Then the corner posts are installed in a clearly vertical position, secured with additional supports.

After this, the upper framing of the frame is performed. The structure is strengthened with intermediate supports, and frames for windows and doors are installed. The frame turns out to be light, but strong and solid.

Erection of the roof

The roof of a frame garage may have different design. It can be flat, single-slope or gable. Gable design is more difficult option, requiring certain knowledge and skills in construction.

The construction of the roof begins with the installation of the rafter system. Then it is covered with any roofing material. This could be corrugated sheeting or metal tiles. A drain is installed to remove sediment.

Sheathing a frame garage

The wooden frame can be sheathed on the outside various materials depending on budgetary possibilities and aesthetic considerations. It could be moisture resistant plywood, sandwich panels or just high-quality boards.

Internal walls can be made of lining, plasterboard, plywood or plastic panels. To insulate a frame garage, mineral wool or polystyrene foam is used.

The final stage is the installation of metal gates. They can differ in the method of opening and be sectional, sliding or sliding. The most common option is swing gates. After installation metal surface processed sandpaper and is covered with a primer and paint that prevents the development of corrosion processes.

The article covers all the basic questions about how to make a frame garage with your own hands. The main thing is to observe the sequence of all stages of work and strictly adhere to the one presented here detailed instructions construction.

Video of the construction of a frame garage

A reliable and durable warm one can be built from wood. Wood - lightweight material, which does not require the construction of a powerful foundation. With properly selected insulation and exterior decoration wooden ones will last for many years.

At this stage, if you decide to build a wooden garage with your own hands, it is possible to calculate required quantity building materials, decide on the structure of the building, insulation and finishing options, and also decide which foundation for the garage is preferable.

The project will help you decide on the following:

determine and calculate costs for all stages of construction;
find out the order of work at each stage and determine the necessary construction tools;
count required quantity materials and components that will be needed for construction wooden garage.

The picture shows a standard wooden frame, but the drawing can be modified depending on the individual characteristics of the site and the selected building materials.

Selection of materials

First of all, before building a garage made of wood, you need to pay attention to the moisture content of the boards and timber. Wooden garage high humidity may lead. When drying, the wood is deformed, and therefore the entire frame structure. Optimal humidity lumber for construction - from 12 to 14 percent.

Boards natural humidity will cost less, they can be dried and save up to 20 percent on cost.

What materials are profitable to purchase for the construction of wooden garages:

edged board or not edged board 100x50 mm;
timber section 100x100 mm and 50x50 mm;
board for formwork;
for the foundation - medium-fraction crushed stone, sand, concrete grade M300, not lower;
for waterproofing - bitumen or roofing felt, protective impregnation deep penetration for wood;
fasteners - self-tapping screws (for metal for roofing and for wood), nails, threaded rods, bolts, dowels;
reinforcing mesh, reinforcing rod, knitting and steel wire;
For roof construction, you can choose inexpensive roofing felt or light metal corrugated sheeting. You will also need components for the ridge assembly and end closing strips;
for walls - inexpensive OSB boards, lining (wood, plastic) or corrugated sheets;
insulation - mineral basalt wool, vapor and water insulation.

Depending on the choice of finish and roofing material for a wooden garage, it may be necessary to purchase other components.

Site selection and foundation construction

It is necessary to choose a dry site, without elevation changes and with convenient access for a car. The ideal place for the building is a small hill, in this case rainwater they will not fill the inspection hole.

When choosing a location, we also take into account the location of the power line - pull the wiring to long distance unprofitable and unsafe.

Construction of a strip or column foundation

Most often, frame wooden garages are installed on strip foundation, it's cheaper. But, in areas with high groundwater levels and high humidity soil, it is better to install a solid slab or columnar foundation.

We will not dwell in detail on the design and construction of the foundation; we will only note important points:

strip foundation - shallow depth (50 - 60 cm);
it is important that the base above the ground is at least 30 cm high - this is necessary to avoid getting the wooden frame wet;
columnar foundation - the depth of the hole for the column is 0.8 - 1 m.

In case of high groundwater or the passage of storm water, when the site is located in a lowland, it is necessary to dig a trench around the perimeter and lay drainage pipes.

After the foundation hardens, the floor is poured with reinforcement and on a sand cushion. It is also necessary to waterproof the foundation with roofing felt or bitumen mastic. This will prevent water from the ground from reaching the woodwork of the garage frame.

Frame installation

After the waterproofing has completely dried, we install the lower trim of the frame.

We make the lower trim from timber with a section of 10x10, connecting the corners with a notch, the connection method is shown in the figure;
To firmly secure the strapping to the foundation strip, we drill holes in the timber for installing studs with a wide washer and nut. The hole pitch is 50 cm. This fastening will securely secure the base of the frame;
then the racks are installed in the corners. You can firmly secure the corner posts using dowels. You can additionally strengthen the corners with a support beam (section 5x5 cm);
intermediate posts made of timber are also attached to the lower frame using steel corners and nails;
the pitch of intermediate racks made of timber is two meters;
It is important to check using a water level that the ends of all posts are located at the same height in order to secure firmly and evenly top harness;
on vertical racks we mount the top trim of the frame garage, similar to the bottom trim;
We install horizontal jumpers between the intermediate posts and secure them with self-tapping screws. The distance between the jumpers is selected based on the width of the mat mineral wool.

If the roof is pitched, then one wall (usually the northern one) is made higher to ensure a roof angle of twenty-five degrees. Usually for good drain This slope is quite enough water. Corner and intermediate posts of one wall are approximately 40 cm higher than the others.

It is important to check with a level and plumb line so that all frame angles are 90 degrees. When installing the frame, it is necessary to take into account the features of their design. For heavy gates, it is necessary to make reinforced piping around the perimeter, from timber with a section of 150x150.

Gate installation

Since a frame garage is a lightweight structure, the gate should not be heavy. It is not recommended to install massive steel standard gates in such buildings. It’s better to opt for welded gates made of profiled sheets.

The width of garage doors is two and a half meters, standard. When building a wooden garage, it is important to additionally strengthen the hinge fastening points with metal corners, and the entire gate box with additional corner beams(50x50).

Roofing device

The simplest roof design option for such a structure is.

rafters - made of timber, with a cross-section of 150x150 cm, no less, since the rafters bear the main load on the roof;
sheathing - unedged board. The pitch of the sheathing is at least 50 cm. We select the pitch of the roof sheathing based on roofing material(profiled sheet, slate, roofing felt);
layer of hydro- and thermal insulation;
finishing protective coating roofs.

A pitched roof is convenient because storm water can be drained from the garage on one side, without wasting money and effort on installing a storm drain around the perimeter of the frame garage.

Wall cladding and insulation

Before sheathing the walls, the frame must be treated with antifungal and water-repellent wood impregnation. To avoid fire, the frame is additionally painted with special paint with fire-retardant additives.

It is convenient and inexpensive to cover walls with metal profiles (grade C or PS). To cover the roof, choose a metal profile of the PS brand. This is a reliable, impact-resistant and durable material. The sheets are attached to the frame using self-tapping screws with a wide head (hexagons). For one square meter you will need 6 screws.

Insulation

But, in private houses, you can choose to build an economical and warm wooden garage with your own hands if you live in the house permanently and do not leave the car in the garage unattended for a long time.

Wooden garages for most Russian regions are optimal solution"housing" problem for your car. Construction market there is no shortage of timber, and therefore everyone can build a wooden garage to their taste. The only problem is choosing the right technology. Read about how to build a wooden garage with your own hands in this article.

The choice of garage construction technology, first of all, comes down to the expected financial costs. So, if you want to “get off with little loss” and save not only money, but also time, frame construction will help you solve the problem. Today, this technology is actively used for literally everything, from the construction of residential buildings and entire villages, to personal gardens, retail, office and other buildings.

Frame structures are delivered ready-made, but disassembled, and all you need is to assemble them on the foundation and install the roof. Manufacturers guarantee many years of operation even in adverse weather conditions. Wooden elements treated with special antiseptics, so such garages are not afraid of rodents, mold, or temperature changes. Additional coverage protective compounds will help make them even more fire-resistant, which in the case of wooden structures will be a significant advantage.

All these advantages guarantee proper conditions for “storing” the car, protecting it from bad weather, premature damage, theft, etc. And if earlier frame wooden garages took a long time and were problematic to build, then modern technologies They allow you to do this in just a couple of days. In terms of its strength, the lightweight structure can easily compete with heavy garages made of foam blocks or bricks, and the cost is several times less.

But in order for the frame to stand firmly and fulfill all its obligations, it is necessary to provide appropriate conditions - prepare the area, make a reliable foundation, roof, etc. Laying the foundation takes up most of the time, but it is an obligatory stage that requires full dedication. Here you may need construction equipment and the help of 2-3 people. After this, you can safely assemble the frame, fixing the elements with bolts and screws alone or together.

How to build a frame garage with your own hands

Before making a garage out of wood, you should make preparatory work– develop detailed project, calculate how much materials will be needed for the foundation, exterior and interior decoration, whether there will be heating inside, etc. This needs to be done right away in order to have an approximate idea of how much construction will cost and what you can save on if necessary.

Drawings of wooden garages can be viewed on the website of the manufacturer of frame structures and correlated with the intended location of the future building. You can also develop your own scheme, according to which a frame structure will be selected for you. For a good spacious garage with an entrance and a gate, a plot of 10x10 m is enough.

Work progress:

Interior arrangement of the garage

When most of the work is done, all that remains is to organize interior decoration premises so that the car is cozy and comfortable in any weather. There is no point in using expensive materials for the garage, since sooner or later they will become saturated with the smell of smoke, oil and gasoline.

To arrange the ceiling, use cheap lining, on which you lay paper and put insulation. Cover the attic floor with 25 mm boards and place ladder. This room can be used to store spare parts, paints, oils, etc.

Heating a garage - another one important point, which should not be overlooked. The room temperature should not fall below +16C, otherwise storage rules may be violated liquid products car care, and even carry out body work much nicer in warmth and comfort.

Important: Under no circumstances should electric coil heaters be used to heat a garage. Otherwise, there is a high risk of fire.

Portable heaters are also not best option– their low heat transfer is not enough even for small room. The best option would be to install a boiler and make water heating, install a 2 kW fan heater or a 500 W heat spotlight (depending on energy consumption capabilities).

Timber garage

Wooden garages (photo) can be not only frame, but built “the old fashioned way” - from timber. This is one of the most reliable, durable and inexpensive design options that can be made without outside help.

A timber garage has excellent thermal insulation characteristics and has natural ventilation - the walls “breathe”, odors do not stagnate. In addition, building such a garage is quite simple, even if you do not have professional skills.

Advantages of garages made of timber compared to other materials:

environmentally friendly natural material;
natural ventilation of the room;
wood is easy to process without equipment or special skills;
a wooden garage will harmoniously fit into the natural landscape of a country house;
durability (service life up to 50 years);
efficiency (savings on heating, maintenance and repairs).

Features of the technology

Any building, be it a residential building or a small garage, requires a strong foundation. For buildings made of timber, you can make monolithic, strip or pile foundation. The main thing is that it must rise above the ground by at least 20 cm, otherwise the tree will begin to rot and crumble when interacting with the soil. For 100% protection against rapid deterioration of wood, it should be laid between the first crown of beams and the foundation. waterproofing material.

Walls made of profiled timber should be laid in a log house. This can be done even alone if you order a ready-made log house. The cost will not be much higher, but the volume of work will be significantly reduced.

Timber garage floors can be poured concrete screed or lay wooden board. It is better to pour concrete floor on monolithic foundation. Below we will look at an example of building a garage on a columnar foundation with a plank floor.

As for the garage roof, it is better to make it elementary - single or gable. The construction of the rafter system will depend on the shape of the roof. In any case, water drains should be made according to the principle described in the previous chapter.

Construction stages

You can build a garage from beams without any special skills:

Any hardworking car owner can build a garage out of wood with his own hands, even without professional plumbing skills. Moreover, if you have a hobby other than car care, such as building scale models aircraft or wood burning, you can set up your own workshop in the garage. To do this, it is enough to carry out additional heating and lighting. Thus, the garage will turn from an ordinary specialized room into an integral part of the house, in which it is pleasant to spend your free time.

The optimal way to build a garage “with one hand” is to erect a frame. At the same time, it is not at all necessary to have experience in performing such work or to thoroughly know the technology. It is simple and intuitive. Step-by-step instructions for building a frame garage made of wood will help you understand all its nuances.

From the name of the frame garage it is easy to guess what lies at the heart of its design

A frame structure is a structure made entirely of wood. There are only metal fasteners and connecting elements(perforated corners and plates). The name of the technology is “speaking”, informing that the basis of the structure is the frame. After covering it with the selected material, a full-fledged building with load-bearing and non-load-bearing walls, a rafter system and floors is obtained.

There are three technologies for constructing buildings of this type:

Canadian. Distinctive feature– in the use of SIP panels. These products consist of thick (10-20 cm) polyurethane foam, covered on both sides with OSB (oriented strand board) sheets 9-12 mm thick.
Frame-panel, which involves the assembly of large panels from boards and their subsequent installation in the frame openings.
Frame-frame. The easiest to implement, allowing you to perform the entire range of work with your own hands, without the involvement of assistants and lifting equipment. This particular method of building a garage will be discussed next.

Basic elements of a frame structure

Frame garage made of wood - inside view

The frame building consists of the following elements:

foundation;
bottom trim;
wall frame made of vertical row and corner posts;
sheathing;
top floor;
rafter system (absent in buildings with flat roofs);
roofs.

The lumber used in construction is timber with a section of 100x100 or 150x150 mm and boards with a section of 15x50 mm and 25x20 mm. Sheathing - OSB boards 9 mm thick.

Note! Lumber does not always have the correct geometric parameters. Often boards and beams are curved to one degree or another. It is recommended to use a surface planer to calibrate materials. Since the tool is quite expensive, you can rent it and complete all the work on leveling the lumber in 1-2 days.

Do you need timber?

When building a frame wooden garage, timber is not indispensable

The technology allows you to replace the timber with a package of boards laid on edge and connected to each other with nails and metal pins with a cross-section of 6-8 mm. The price of solid timber and prefabricated timber is approximately the same. But the second one has one undeniable advantage: the prefabricated beam practically does not lead.

Otherwise, it is inferior to timber. When designing, it is taken into account that the permissible loads for it are 15% less than for solid lumber. But a garage is a lightweight structure that does not require significant pressure on the foundation and floors. Therefore, in order to save money and make it easier to carry lumber with your own hands, you can safely use beams from a package of boards.

Pros and cons of a frame garage

The number of advantages of a frame wooden garage is several times greater than the disadvantages

Like any other building construction technology, frame technology has its advantages and disadvantages. Moreover, there are much more of the former than all other methods of constructing a garage.

Pros:

High speed of construction. If there are good weather conditions, a frame measuring 4x6 m can be built with your own hands in 3-4 weeks.
Durability. A garage built according to all the rules will last at least 50 years.
Internal and external walls do not require additional finishing in the form of plastering and leveling, as they are flat and smooth surfaces.
Possibility of constructing a lightweight, inexpensive foundation.
Minimal shrinkage or its complete absence, provided that high-quality dried lumber is used.
Ecological cleanliness.
Lower thermal conductivity than brick and concrete buildings.
Ability to withstand significant and frequent temperature changes.
All-season construction.
Indoor microclimate favorable for human health.

Cons:

Among the disadvantages of frame technology, the hygroscopic nature of wood, its susceptibility to rotting and damage by wood-boring insects are primarily noted. Risks are minimized by treating lumber with special solutions - antiseptics. One of the most popular is “Senezh”. It is recommended to apply 2-3 layers of solution.

The second disadvantage of frames is the fire hazard. In order to increase the resistance of wood to the effects high temperatures, developed special means– fire-bioprotective. That is, they are also antiseptics, which allows you to save on the purchase of these solutions. The most popular and effective:

"Senezh Ognebio";
"Senezh Ognebio Prof";
NEOMID from Neohim;
"Pirilax" from "NPO NORTH";
"Woodmaster" from "NPP Rogneda".

Among the disadvantages of frame-type buildings is the difficulty of attaching hanging elements (shelves, cabinets, mirrors, etc.) to the walls. In order for a nail or self-tapping screw to reliably withstand the load, it must be driven into a beam or board.

Frames have a significant surface area - cavities filled with insulation (mineral wool or polystyrene foam/polyurethane foam). Therefore, when designing a structure, it is necessary to provide in advance for the presence of beams in those places where hanging interior elements will be installed.

Drawing up a project and cost estimate

Before starting to design a frame garage, they study the features of the materials used in its construction. The length of standard boards and timber is 6 m. You can order products of other sizes, but you will have to pay extra for this.

Note! By choosing building dimensions corresponding to 3 and 6 meters, they simplify the construction process, reduce its time and minimize the amount of waste.

In order to maximize cost savings, the geometric parameters of facing and roofing materials are also taken into account when designing.

For a 3x6 garage with a wall height of 3 m you will need:

timber 150x150 mm – 1.6 m 3;
boards 50x150 mm - 2.1 m 3;
boards 25x150 mm - 1.9 m 3;
boards 50x100 mm - 0.7 m 3 (for the floor, if it is wooden).

The advantage of frame construction is that you can save on lumber for formwork. It is constructed from existing materials, but to protect it they are covered with thick shields. plastic film. After dismantling the formwork, the boards are used for their intended purpose: to erect a frame.

Mandatory budget items

Purpose	Materials
Foundation made of monolithic reinforced concrete slab	— hydroglass insulation or roofing felt for waterproofing; - sand for filling the “pillow” with a thickness of 20-30 cm; — concrete M-300; - metal rods for reinforcement.
Frame of walls and ceilings, rafter system	— timber 150x150 mm; — boards 50x150 mm; - boards 50x100 mm.
Cladding of internal and external walls	OSB-3 (thickness 9 mm)
Roof sheathing	Boards 25x150 mm
Roof cladding	Ondulin, corrugated sheets, flat or wave-shaped slate, flexible tiles, metal tiles. Board 25x150 mm for filing eaves overhangs.
Insulation of walls and ceilings	Basalt slabs Rockwool “Light Butts” 150 mm thick.
Fire protection of wood	"Senezh Ognebio"
Fasteners	Metal corners, wood screws, nails.

On average, the cost of materials for the construction of a 4x6 m garage with a wall height of 2.7 m is 278 thousand rubles. (data current as of early 2018). The work of specialists in the construction of a building costs 180-200 thousand rubles.

To find out the exact amount of materials needed for the construction of a frame garage, you can use an online calculator that performs calculations in accordance with SP 31-105-2002.

To do this, you need to specify the structure parameters:

length;
width;
height;
step between floor beams (recommended 400 mm);
pitch between row frame posts (recommended 600 mm);
insulation thickness (100-200 mm).

Advice! It is advisable to assemble the frame with nails, as they effectively prevent the materials from moving in any direction. Self-tapping screws work better when pulled off.

Required Tools

Construction will require both power and hand tools.

When constructing a frame, wood is used, which determines the choice of tools.

Power tools

Circular (circular) saw. The Hitachi C7MFA-4800 is considered the most durable.
A screwdriver with two batteries with a power of at least 19W. Optimal choice– “AEG BS 12 X-R LMB–3200.”
Chainsaw. The best budget one is Echo CS-3500-14. Average price 7100 rub.
Concrete mixer with a capacity of at least 140 liters. Necessary for pouring slab or strip foundations. To build a columnar structure, manual mixing of concrete will be sufficient.
Angle grinder (grinder), 125 mm.
A miter saw required to make cuts at a specific angle. Circular will not cope with this task. The purchase of a miter saw quickly pays off in the speed and accuracy of the work.
Pneumatic nail hammer (optional).
Sharpener for sharpening hand tools.

Advice! Those who have experience in building frames themselves do not recommend buying a jigsaw. This tool is useless for most jobs and is completely replaceable with the existing manual and electric ones.

Hand and measuring tools

High-quality bubble levels in lengths of 200 and 60 cm.
Tape measure with a tape length of at least 8 m.
Chalk painter's lace.
Hammers for 500 and 1000 g.
Two hatchets, small and medium.
Mount.
Ticks (medium and large).
Shoe knife.
Set of chisels.
Wood saw.
Containers and shovels for carrying out earthworks and concreting.

Choosing a foundation

All frame structures are lightweight buildings and do not require a solid foundation. For this type of garage Any will do foundation:

slab;
MZL (shallow belt);
columnar;
on screw piles.

Alternative to traditional foundations

Semykin foundation - budget option

For small ones one-story buildings The most budget option is suitable - the Semykin foundation. It is built from car tires which are waste material. This significantly reduces the cost of the estimate. The internal cavities of tires are filled ¾ with sand and gravel and filled with concrete.

Among the advantages of a base made from car tires:

shock-absorbing properties that prevent the structure from distorting when the soil moves during periods of freezing and thawing;
durability;
cheapness;
high construction speed.

Foundation selection criteria

The optimal solution for any type of structure is a slab base. But when choosing it, it is necessary to resolve several important issues in advance:

where the inspection hole will be located, and what are its dimensions;
where and how communications will be located (electrical wiring, water supply, sewerage, ventilation);
determine the location of machines, shelving, workbench.

It is not always possible to foresee all the nuances of arranging a garage in advance, and in this case they choose strip or columnar foundations. They provide scope for choosing the location of all the above elements of the building and its interior.

Construction of a columnar foundation

A columnar foundation is a complex of supports buried in the ground located along the perimeter of the building. There are several possible ways to construct pillars.

From bricks laid on cement-sand mortar.
By pouring concrete into asbestos pipes with a cross-section of 200-350 mm;
Made from concrete blocks.
By installing formwork, reinforcing and pouring concrete.
From metal pipes with a wall thickness of more than 2 mm and filled with gravel and cement-sand mortar.

Regardless of the chosen method of constructing the supports, you will need to form recesses for them in the ground. Holes can be dug with a shovel or drilled with a motor drill. For the foundation for a frame garage optimal cross section recesses – 20-25 cm.

Construction stages:

Step 1. Choosing a location. It is important that the building is located at a distance of at least 1.5 m from trees, any fences and buildings.

Step 2. Marking. At this stage, using laser level find the corner points of the future garage and mark them with pegs. Connected with twine or polypropylene cord. Check the straightness of the corners and make sure that the diagonals of the rectangle are equal.

Step 3. Site preparation. If necessary, level the terrain of the selected location by cutting off hills and removing soil beyond the markings.

Step 4. In the places where the pillars are installed, pull the string “from wall to wall.” Optimal distance between the supports (without taking into account their cross-section) - 80-120 cm. The thinner the pillars, the smaller the distance between them is chosen.

Step 5. At the found points, dig or otherwise form holes in the ground 100-120 cm deep.

Step 6. From boards with a section of 15x150 mm, formwork is made in the form of hollow boxes of the required size.

Step 7. At the bottom of each pit, pour a layer of sand 5-10 cm thick and a 10-15 cm layer of crushed stone. Each one is compacted thoroughly.

Step 8. Install the formwork in the pits and level it.

Step 9. Rectangular rods are tied from reinforcement bars and installed in the formwork.

Step 10. Prepare a cement-sand mortar with gravel filler manually or in a concrete mixer.

Step 11. Fill the formwork with concrete, compacting each layer.

Step 12. After the pillars have hardened, the formwork is dismantled.

Step 13. Check the horizontal alignment of the supports. Use a two-meter bubble level. Deviations of no more than 5 mm are allowed.

Installation work

Installation of the bottom trim of a frame garage

The next stage of work after installing the foundation is the installation of the lower frame made of timber with a cross-section of 150x150 mm:

2-3 sheets of roofing material are laid on each pillar;
each beam is sawn down from the ends so that a tongue-and-groove connection is formed at the corner points;
reinforce the joints with metal corners secured with self-tapping screws;
install intermediate beams, the ends of which rest against the pillars on the opposite walls of the frame;
connect the beams with the strapping using corners and self-tapping screws.

lay a floor on the lower floor (if you do not plan to install an inspection hole;
the wall frame and roof trusses are erected.

Most often, after installing the lower floor, they begin to install the corner and intermediate supports of the frame walls, which are connected by the upper frame. The step between the vertical posts is 60-80 cm. Then the external walls are sheathed with OSB sheets. Fill the openings between the frame posts with foam plastic or mineral wool slabs and begin lining the interior walls of the garage.

The rafter system is installed in accordance with the selected type of roof. The roof is sheathed with OSB sheets and a sheathing is installed on top of them for laying the facing material. The final stage of building a frame garage is finishing the external walls and roof. After which they begin to construct the blind area and access road.

Caring for a wooden frame garage during operation

Proper operation of a frame garage is the key to its durability. Since the structure is wooden, high air humidity is detrimental to it. WITH outside the building is sheathed with facing materials that protect the walls and roof from precipitation. Indoors, high-quality ventilation is required, natural or supply and exhaust.

Maintenance of a building consists of several regularly repeated actions:

inspection of the foundation and its timely repair;
inspection of finishing coatings of walls and roofs, elimination of detected deficiencies;
maintaining cleanliness and dryness indoors;
drainage device that removes soil and surface water from the foundation.

In order to build a frame garage made of wood, you need to choose the right materials and type of foundation, and study the instructions for performing each stage of installation work. A building built by oneself is the pride of the owner. Compliance with technology requirements guarantees the reliability and durability of the garage.

A garage is a structure necessary for every motorist, which ensures safety vehicle and protects the car from negative influences environment. Many owners postpone the construction of such a facility, assuming that its construction is too complex and expensive. However, today it is possible to build a garage with minimal time and financial costs if you build a frame structure. In the article we will learn about the main nuances and features frame construction.

Why are frame structures so popular?

IN recent years frame objects has become very popular. When using high-quality building materials and when proper organization works, such a garage will be in no way inferior to an object built of brick, wood or any other traditional materials.

Frame construction technology has gained wide popularity, primarily due to its ease of installation. You can erect a frame building yourself, without turning to professional installers for help, thanks to which you can significantly reduce the budget for the construction of the facility. In addition, such construction takes relatively little time - people experienced in this matter can build an object in just a few days.

The reduction in building construction costs is also due to the availability of modern building materials. And thanks to their low weight, delivery to the construction site can be completed without the involvement of specialized equipment.

The frame for a garage can be constructed from different materials, but most often they use wooden beam and metal profile.

The construction procedure itself includes several simple steps:

1. Preparing the construction site.
2. Digging a pit and creating a foundation.
3. Marking and assembling the wall frame.
4. Roof installation.
5. Insulation and wall covering.
6. Installation of garage doors.

To learn how to build frame objects with your own hands, you need to understand each of the described stages separately.

Start of installation work - preparation of the construction site and installation of the foundation

Preparatory work is considered the most important in any construction. The levelness of the foundation and the reliability of the entire new building will depend on the quality of preparation of the site for the construction of the facility. After selection suitable place on the site, it is necessary to clear the perimeter and carefully level the area.

The building site should be 50–60 cm larger than the perimeter of the object being built on each side. After marking, it is necessary to remove from the ground fertile layer soil with a depth of 15 to 20 cm. The easiest way is to dig such a hole using special equipment, although with some skill and free time you can get by with a shovel and do everything yourself. The bottom of the dug hole must be compacted manually or using a roller.

Any type of foundation is suitable for the construction of a frame garage, since the building will not be very heavy, and therefore will not create a serious load on the prepared foundation. However, in addition to the construction project itself, when choosing a foundation, you need to take into account the weight of the car that will be parked in the garage. Experts recommend creating a slab or strip foundation for frame objects.

After determining the type of foundation, it is necessary to mark the corner points of the perimeter for the walls. First you need to mark one corner point at which the marking mark is installed. Cords are tied to the cast-off - two on each side when installing a strip foundation, in this case the distance between the cords will determine the width of the planned strip. The cords are stretched along the sides of the future foundation to their entire length, after which they are fixed on opposite castoffs.

It is extremely important to make all corners of the future building straight. Using the crossbar of the installed cast-off, you can move the point of fixation of the cord on it within certain limits. To make sure the corners are square, you can measure the diagonals of the rectangle; they should be the same in length.

A frame garage can be built on a budget column base. Pole foundations are easy to install, can be made yourself, and are perfect for subsequent plank flooring, which must be strong and reliable enough to support the weight of the car. A columnar foundation can be made from different materials. Typically, to construct such a base, use reinforced concrete structures, concrete blocks, brick or combine several materials at once.

A strip foundation is more difficult to construct and requires much more time, since construction will have to use concrete mortar, which takes a long time to gain strength and harden. The main advantage strip base for a frame structure is that it provides ample opportunities to create an inspection hole. The floor of a garage on a strip foundation can be made of either wood or concrete.

The third most popular type of foundation for construction frame structures is a slab base. It is considered the most difficult and costly during construction, as it requires the creation the whole system compacted layers of different materials, on top of which concrete is already poured. The advantage of a slab base is its high strength, reliability and durability.

Design and construction of the building frame

After creating the foundation, you can proceed to the construction of the frame of the future structure. The garage frame can be made from metal profile, wooden beams or both of these materials at the same time. Having decided on the materials to be used, it is imperative to prepare a project. This document will allow you to correctly complete all stages of construction and build a truly high-quality, well-thought-out building.

Sami installation work It is customary to divide it into several stages:

1. Installation of the lower trim.
2. Assembly of vertical structures - walls.
3. Installation of the top trim.
4. Frame covering.
5. Installation of the roof frame.

First of all, waterproofing material (usually roofing felt) is laid on the finished base. Waterproofing is necessary to protect the wooden and metal elements of the future building from the negative effects of moisture. Ruberoid acts as a quite decent cut-off, thanks to which moisture will not spread from the walls of the foundation and from the soil during heavy rainfall.

At the next stage, a wooden beam of the selected size is laid on the foundation; it can be a beam of 120×120 mm, 150×150 mm or 120×150 mm. If desired, the timber can be replaced with a 50×120 mm board or a steel profile pipe with square section 10×10 cm. To secure the timber frame in the corners, dowels or a notch are used. Metal elements strappings are secured at the corners by welding, and wooden frames are secured with anchor screws or studs embedded in the base. When installing the frame on a columnar foundation, inside its frame, logs are laid on edge, which will be necessary to secure the plank floor.

After this, you can proceed to assembling the wall frame. There are two assembly options:

1. At the installation site. That is, frame walls are assembled and fixed vertically at their permanent location. The method is used when installing wooden structures.
2. On the ground. Metal frame The wall is usually assembled horizontally on the ground, after which it is lifted and attached to the frame in a vertical position.

As elements of a wooden frame, timber 60×60 mm, board 30×150 or 30×120 mm are used. The metal frame is usually assembled from profile pipe 60x60 mm. After connecting the individual elements to each other and installing the prepared structure vertically, the top trim is performed, which is necessary to give the frame maximum strength. For piping, a beam or pipe is used, which in size must correspond to the size of the individual frame elements. For example, if the vertical posts are made of boards 120 mm wide, then the top trim can be made from the same board, laying it in two layers, or from 60x120 mm timber.

The erected frame must be immediately sheathed inside or outside with facing materials. Sheets of OSB or plywood, as well as corrugated sheets, are used as such cladding. Sheathing the inside or outside of the object will make it more durable and will allow you to proceed to the installation of the roof.

The garage roof can be made with a single or double slope. Gable roofs it is more expensive and difficult to build, but they allow you to equip useful attic space or prepare an under-roof space for storing materials and tools used on the farm. is carried out in several stages. First, the rafter system is made, after which the slopes are sheathed plywood sheets, on top of which the roof is laid.

Garage floor installation and installation of insulation materials

After installing the roof and covering the walls on one side, you can begin installing the floor in the garage. If the floor is laid before the roof is installed, the wood cladding may be severely damaged due to sudden precipitation. It is best to use non-tongue boards for cladding so that the trim can expand and contract due to changes in ambient temperature and humidity.

The flooring is made with a small gap between the individual cladding elements. Between the boards you need to leave a free space of at least 3–4 mm, so that when thermal expansion the finish was not deformed. The cladding is usually laid on logs made of wooden blocks and secured to the base with screws or nails.

There is no need to lay additional cladding on a slab foundation. It will only be enough to treat the surface with a special deep-penetrating strengthening primer, which can strengthen and bond the top layers of concrete and provide the base with better hydrophobic characteristics. The top of the concrete floor can be painted or covered ceramic tiles, or you can leave it without finishing at all.

The next step in the construction of a frame object is its insulation. It is very easy to install thermal insulation into the frame of a structure. The selected material is simply placed into the voids in the frame from the inside or outside (depending on which side the walls were originally sheathed on).

For insulation, you can use mineral wool, polystyrene foam, sprayed polyurethane foam and any other thermal insulation materials. Spray polyurethane foam is considered preferable for insulation frame structure. It is more expensive than most other types of thermal insulation and requires the use of special equipment, but it can completely fill all the empty space in the frame, including any cavities and cracks, thanks to which the building will be qualitatively protected from cold bridges.

After installing the insulation, you can begin covering the walls on the side where they have not yet been installed. facing materials. Any light finishing can be used for cladding; it is recommended to clad the building on both sides using the same material. That is, if the inside of the walls is already upholstered with OSB boards, then it is better to upholster the frame with the same boards on the outside.

Finishing cladding and installation of garage doors

To make the garage truly comfortable and attractive inside and out, all surfaces in it are additionally lined. For interior decoration, it is best to use reliable, durable and resistant to external negative influences materials. It is recommended to avoid cladding, which burns easily and contributes to the rapid spread of flames. There is no place for such finishes in garages where flammable substances may be stored.

Simultaneously with the finishing cladding, gates are installed in the garage, which can be swing, sectional, roller shutter or tilt-and-turn. For self-installation simple swing double-leaf gates are best suited; other designs require certain professional knowledge and skills during installation, which the average owner most likely does not have.

Construction frame building, although it takes quite a lot of time, it can be done completely independently. Of course, if you find helpers, the work will go faster and take away less strength, but with some skill you can do without them. Follow the instructions described in our step by step instructions sequence of actions, and you can make the garage of your dreams with minimal investment.