To improve the quality of boards and bars, knots are drilled and the resulting holes are sealed on a SVSA-3 drilling machine. Repairing wood defects is possible in products with a thickness of at least 8 mm to a depth of 6, 9, 18 mm.
The machine consists of a frame with vertical guides along which a spindle block moves, designed to accommodate a knot drilling spindle, a glue injection device, a spindle for making a plug and driving it into the hole, drive and cam shafts.
The left spindle block of the machine is configured for drilling knots and driving plugs with a diameter of 25 mm, and the right spindle unit with a diameter of 35 mm. When you press the corresponding pedal, the left or right spindle unit is activated. In this case, operations on the machine are carried out in the following sequence:
Simultaneous drilling of knot and plug;
Installing the plug into the plug holder;
Moving the spindle block to the position of driving the plug into the drilled hole;
Return the spindle block to its original position and feed to cut the next plug.
Grinding machine – ShlPS-5
The grinding machine is used to impart roughness to the processed surface of high-class parts and products, and to remove sag from sashes, vents, transoms, and frame doors.
Cutting tool grinding machine is a sanding belt, paper or fabric backed.
In machines with a movable table and contact clamping of the workpiece
are fed in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement
The contact clamp (iron) is located along the movement of the workpiece and is controlled by a handle. The sanding belt is stretched between two pulleys. Working branch sanding belt moves over a movable table on which the workpiece is installed along longitudinal and transverse rulers. The table is moved manually.
After processing a batch of parts with sandpaper of one number, it is processed with sandpaper of another number until the desired surface roughness is obtained.
Parts to be grinded are sorted so that warped, winged, etc. parts do not get processed
Profiles and joinery
Boards for flooring.
Flooring boards are made from lumber that has undergone a drying process. drying chamber. The lumber is cut into rough blanks on a circular saw, and then milled on four sides on a four-sided longitudinal milling machine. The boards can be grooved, i.e. have a groove on one edge and a ridge on the other, and folded, which have folds on both edges. Grooves and folds serve to more tightly connect boards with edges. Boards are made from wood coniferous species. In heated rooms with a relative air humidity of no more than 70%, boards made of wood can be used hardwood. The moisture content of wood for making boards should be no more than 15%. In boards with defects (falling out knots, chips, etc.), seals are inserted with glue and the surface is cleaned, after which they are cut to size, if required, and then packed into bags.
Technological map making folded boards
Table 10
Cuttings
| Cuttings |  |
Cuttings for brooms and shovels are made from medium-hard hardwood. Length and thickness
cuttings depends on the type of tools for which they are intended.
The quality of cuttings should be determined according to OST 13-16-78.
Rot of all types, rotten, rotten and tobacco knots, cracks of all types, stepson, dry side, sprout, cancer, wormhole, wane are not allowed in the cuttings. Increased demands are placed on the attachment part of the cutting, which occupies bottom part cuttings with a length equal to 1/3 of its entire length. Knots of all types are not allowed in the mounted part of the cutting. The cuttings should be coated with varnish or drying oil. The humidity of unfinished cuttings should not exceed 12-16%.
The surface roughness of the cuttings should be no more than 100 microns. Cuttings should be stored in dry rooms.
24.05.2015
Using the SvSA machine, knots are drilled out in boards, bars, and panels, followed by sealing blind holes with plugs. Solid wood corks are produced on the same machine using a hollow drill.
All components of the machine are mounted on a rigid cast-iron frame (Fig. 156, a): table 1, support 2, spindle 3, spindle drive mechanism 5 and support movement mechanism.
The height of the table, depending on the thickness of the workpiece, is set manually using a handwheel. The support is mounted on the trunk of the frame, on which there are two spindles: one - 3 for drilling knots, the other - 4 for making and inserting a plug into the hole. The machine is equipped with special devices: one feeds a strip from which the plug is drilled, the second injects glue into the hole to be sealed. The support on the trunk moves automatically by an amount equal to the distance between the spindle axes.
The kinematic diagram of the machine is shown in Fig. 156, b. Drilling holes is done with spindle 1, injecting glue with fixture 2; spindle 3 is intended for drilling the plug and pressing it in; the spindles are driven by shaft 4 from electric motor 5; cam camshaft 7, worm gear 8, engagement clutch 9, pedal 10, cam 11 are intended for moving the caliper, cam 12 is for turning on the machine. The clamp is provided by device 13. The pawl of the glue mechanism can be in two positions: I - suction of glue, II - spraying of glue. A reservoir 14 is provided for the adhesive solution 15; the solution is sucked in by plunger 16 as it moves upward and fed into hole 17.
The bar with plugs is fed by mechanism 18. At the moment the plug 19 is pressed into the hole to be sealed, the plug 20 is in the holder 21 until the next operation. The bar feed mechanism consists of a roller 22 and a ratchet mechanism 23, driven by a driver 24.
The operation of the machine is as follows. The workpiece is placed on the table so that the knot to be removed is under the first spindle, after which the machine drive is turned on. Under the action of the cam roller, the spindle is lowered and the cutting head drills out the knot. After this operation is completed, the cutting head support is set to its original position and automatically moves by an amount equal to the distance between the spindle axes.
As the spindles move, the adhesive solution is injected.
After moving the calipers, the second caliper takes the place of the first, drills a plug from the strip and presses it into the prepared hole on the workpiece.
The bar feed mechanism is kinematically connected to the caliper movement mechanism. The working spindles can be adjusted to a depth of 4 to 20 mm and can drill knots with a diameter of up to 35 mm.
During the operating period of the cutting heads, the workpiece and the bar are held by an automatically operating clamp.
Chips from the surface of the workpiece are blown through nozzle 25 by fan 6 and sucked through the receiver into the pneumatic transport system.
Wood is a natural material, and by definition cannot be perfectly homogeneous, even and clean. Various defects are often found on wood raw materials - defects and deficiencies that can be localized on separate areas or throughout the entire wood mass. Wood defects reduce its quality and deteriorate technical specifications and narrow the prospects for the use of wood raw materials for furniture factories and at woodworking enterprises. Wood often receives mechanical damage during harvesting, transportation, sawing, etc. Defects of this kind are called defects.
The use of plug boats
Lumber with defects looks unsightly and cannot be used, in particular, in the furniture industry. In such a situation, wooden plugs - boats - small oblong-shaped segments with a well-processed front side will help hide defects and imperfections. They are used to seal unfused and tobacco knots, small cracks, resin pockets, tears and other defects discovered at the final stage of wood processing.
An important condition for successful sealing is placing the plug in the direction of the wood grain. When the master places it, it merges with the base and becomes almost invisible, provided that a boat of a similar texture is selected.
Advantages of using wooden boat plugs:
- the use of plugs restores the production potential of defective wood;
- Boat plugs provide aesthetics appearance solid wood products;
- It is possible to use them to make fasteners invisible, as well as to protect screws from moisture and from the occurrence of corrosion.
Size range of boat-plug profiles for wood
| Boat profile | Plug size | Width, mm | Height, mm |
| 2 | 8 | 13 | |
 |
22 | 15 | 13 |
 |
4 | 15 | 20 |
 |
8 | 8 | 11 |
 |
15 | 15 | 11 |
 |
20 | 20 | 11 |
Buy boat plugs for wood from the company "BRITA"
Our catalog contains a wide selection of boat-shaped plugs of various configurations with a perfectly executed front side. The products sold by the company are distinguished by high quality And affordable price. The boats are sold in packages, each containing 200 or 500 pieces.
Mechanized drilling and chiselling, wood drilling machines
Drilling machines
Drilling machines are divided into single-spindle and multi-spindle and are wall-mounted or column-mounted. The spindle of wall drill presses often has a hand-fed counterbalance arm. The spindle of column machines has a counterweight with a foot drive. The counterweight serves to ensure that the spindle moves into position on its own. top position. The depth of the drilled holes is determined by the setting ring.
The drilling head is equipped with various drills, the thickness of which can be 8-24 mm.
Drilling machine tables are mounted on columns. Using a handwheel and a bolt, they can be raised, lowered and tilted up to 30°.
Rice. 115. Horizontal drilling and grooving machine SvGD
Wall-mounted machines require about 0.5 HP of power. With. for holes up to 30 mm in diameter and 200 mm in depth. Machines on columns with a power of 1-1.5 liters. With. can select holes with a diameter of up to 70 mm and a depth of 250-280 mm. The drill speed is usually 2000 per minute.
Horizontal drilling and grooving machines are used for making oblong holes located horizontally.
There are three types of horizontal drilling and slotting machines.
The first type of machine has a table that moves vertically, slides onto the drill and has longitudinal movement.
In other types of machines, sliding the table onto the drill is replaced by the movement of the spindle drilling machine, which moves onto the material.
In machines of the third type, the table moves only vertically; the other two movements are performed by a spindle with a drill.
The horizontal drilling and grooving machine SvGD (Fig. 115) belongs to the second type. The machine consists of a frame 1,
Spindle 2 with a chuck for a drill and a support 5 with a table 4. The horizontal movement of the table is carried out by means of a lever, lifting - by means of a flywheel. To secure the part, clamp 3 is used. A stop ruler is installed on the table.
Technical characteristics of the horizontal drilling and slotting machine SvGD-3
The largest diameter of the drilled holes in mm. . 45
Maximum depth of drilled holes in mm. . 120
Maximum length of oblong holes in mm... 200
Spindle revolutions per minute......2850
Required power in kilowatts...................2.2
Machine weight in kg................320
The vertical drilling and grooving machine SVP is used for drilling round and oval holes as well as for performing grooving work.
The vertical spindle of the machine is driven by an electric motor through a belt drive. The machine table is mounted on a bracket and can move horizontally and tilt at an angle of up to 90° to the horizontal Vertical movement bracket along the column is done by hand.
Technical characteristics of the vertical drilling and slotting machine SVP
Largest drilling diameter in mm.... 50
Maximum drilling depth in mm....120
Maximum groove length in mm.......200
Maximum spindle revolutions per minute 4500
Electric motor power in kt.....2.8
Machine weight in kg............420
Drilling and grooving machine with automatic feed SvPA (Fig. 116). The machine consists of a frame 1, a work table 3, a support 2, a spindle swing mechanism and a hydraulic drive, a feed 6.
Rice. 116. Drilling and grooving machine with automatic feed SvPA: 1 - bed, 2 - support, 3 - desktop, 4 - hydraulic clamps, 5 - spindle. 6 - hydraulic feed drive, 7 - table movement pedal
Rice. 117. Machine for drilling and sealing knots SvSA: 1 - work table, 2 - support with two working spindles, 3 - bed, 4 - handwheel for adjusting the table height
The clamping of the processed marial is carried out automatically by a hydraulic drive. The desktop is moved using a foot pedal.
Technical characteristics of a drilling and slotting machine with automatic feed SvPA
Largest drilling diameter in mm...............30
Maximum drilling depth in mm..................100
Maximum groove length in mm...................120
Spindle revolutions per minute......6000
Number of spindle swings per minute......150
Table sliding speed during grooving work
In m/min............0.1-1.5
Table sliding speed when drilling in m/min. . 0.1-3
Machine weight in kg...................................820
The machine for drilling and sealing knots SvSA (Fig. 117) is designed for drilling knots in bars, boards or workpieces with simultaneous sealing of the drilled holes with wooden plugs. Plugs for sealing drilled holes are produced on the same machine simultaneously with the process of sealing knots.
The machine consists of a massive frame 3, at the lower end of which there is a column supporting the lifting work table of the machine 1. At the upper end of the frame above the table there is a support 2 with two working spindles. One of the spindles is used for drilling knots, and the second is for preparing plugs and driving them into the drilled holes.
The machine operates as follows. The part laid on the table is brought with a knot under the first drilling spindle and secured. The machine's drive mechanism is turned on using the foot pedal, the first spindle is lowered onto the product and the knot is drilled out. After this, the caliper automatically moves and drilled hole glue is injected. When the second caliper stands opposite this hole, the plug is drilled out of wooden plank, fed by a special mechanism, and pressed into the hole.
Technical characteristics of the machine for drilling and sealing knots SvSA
Reach of the cutting tool from the machine in mm. . . .850
The greatest distance between the cutting tool and the table in mm.................... 150
The largest diameter of the drilled hole and driven plug in mm...........35
Maximum and minimum drilling depth in mm.20 and 4
The number of revolutions of the working spindles per minute. . .2650
Machine weight in kg...............1200
p.s. When copying materials and photographs, a link to the site is required.
Saratov 2007-2015
The SFL 002 automatic machine is designed for the production of a special repair “boat” plug for the subsequent sealing of unfused and tobacco knots, wormholes, resin pockets, small cracks, tears and other defects that appeared at the last stage of processing.
Sealing is carried out along the fibers. With a well-performed operation, it is very difficult to see even at close range a plug that has a similar texture.
This equipment pays for itself quickly due to the additional volume of repaired equipment. finished products.
The automatic machine for making boat plugs SFL 002 is recommended for medium and large production volumes.
| Productivity, pcs./hour | up to 750 |
| Workpiece size, mm | 68 +/- 0.5 x 22 +/- 0.5 x 270 +/- 5 |
| Plug size, mm | 8 x 12 x 65, R50 |
| Operating air pressure, bar | 4...6 |
| Air consumption (maximum), l/min | 25 |
| Power consumption (maximum), kW | 2,5 |
| Overall dimensions, mm | 820 x 750 x 1150 |
| Weight, kg | 250 |
Main advantages and features:
Automatic machine for making boat plugs SFL 002:
+High degree of automation - requires operator participation only at the stage of laying blanks.
+Equipped with numerical program control.
+ Has no domestic analogues.
+High performance is ensured by the production of two plugs in one cycle.
+Cutting tool included.
+Reliable components European quality: pneumatics “Camozzi” (Italy), gearmotors “Bonfiglioli” (Italy), electronics (Germany).
+Developed version based on the previous model SFL 001.
Options:
+It is possible to supply “boat” plugs made of pine in the quantity required for you.
+Equipment for cutting out defects: optimization line OPTIMA 7, automatic cross-cutting machine OPTIMA 5, semi-automatic cross-cutting machine STB 002-01.
+Length splicing lines of varying performance and functionality.
+Pneumatic clamps VP 02-2400/3200 for gluing boards and bars.
+Hydraulic vertical presses PV 005 for gluing timber and structural beams.
+One-sided gluing device UNK 009 and double-sided UNK 008.
+ Wires for assembling doors, windows, furniture facades BC 002-2200/3000.
+Hot membrane press PM 001 for gluing veneer and film to door elements.
+ Milling device for sampling defects PF 001.
+Double-spindle copy-milling machine SF 003.
+ Roller conveyors and inter-machine communication.
