Do-it-yourself electric garden shredder drawings. How to make a garden shredder with your own hands. Making a garden shredder with your own hands

To make a branch chopper with your own hands, you need to study all their varieties. Depending on the volume of processed material, the design should be selected required power. Do right choice in knife design.

During assembly, some components are made by hand. Standardized parts are purchased or used from used units. A good option is the use of devices that have expired. These include washing machine, grinder or walk-behind tractor.

Operating principle of the unit

The schematic diagram of any branch chopper consists of the following components:

engine;
1 or 2 working shafts;
knives;
receiving hopper;
frames;
protective casing.

The garden crusher is mounted on wheels. This creates ease of movement within the dacha.

During engine operation, torque, through a chain or belt, is transmitted to the shaft. The knives located on them grind the branches, which are fed through the receiving box. Shredded wood is formed, which is placed in compost pit. The principle of operation resembles the operation of a meat grinder.

Industrial units for knife chopping of thick branches are produced with high power. This is not required in the conditions of a summer cottage. Therefore, for home needs, smaller size branches are made by hand.

Types of shredders

The basic design of all types of branch choppers is the same. They differ only in engine power and types of knives.

Some designs have a gasoline engine, others have an electric engine. The first one is more powerful and is engaged in chopping large branches. Independent of power source. Possesses greater mobility. Electric is weaker in power and the operating distance depends on the length of the cable. But it is mobile due to its lightness.

The engines differ in power:

1. Electric motor up to 1.5 kW. Capable of chopping branches up to 2 cm in diameter. Most processing is carried out in small areas.
2. 3 – 4 kW. Copes with wood up to 4 cm. Used in small garden or dacha.
3. 6 kW or more. The work is carried out on large farms. Trunks 10-15 cm in diameter are processed.

As a rule, a 4 kW engine is installed on a homemade unit. There is no point in installing more, since there will be a large consumption of electricity. To carry out work on chopping branches on a summer cottage, such costs are not required.

Engine speed doesn't really matter. The final rotation speed of the knife shaft is 1500 rpm. It is adjusted by the diameters of the pulleys.

Torque is transmitted using a chain, belt or directly by installing a cutting tool on the motor shaft.

Depending on the cutting tool, branch choppers are divided:

1. Twin-shaft type. This is a powerful unit that is capable of chopping large branches. Several knives are installed on the shafts. The degree of wood chopping depends on their quantity.
2. Installation with cutting disc. If the engine power is from 3 kW, then the knife is attached directly to its shaft. For weaker units, a transmission link is used.
3. With circular saws from a circular saw. Refers to the simplest designs.

Frame making

Whatever the type of device, the frame has approximately the same design. It is welded from pipes and angles in accordance with the recommendations:

1. The height size is selected based on human height. To make it convenient to place the branches in the bunker.
2. For the stability of the structure, its width is set at 500 mm. The size of the length does not matter, it is a free value.
3. For rigidity, cross members are welded between the posts.
4. For ease of movement, wheels are installed below.

The frame size is coordinated with the engine parameters. It is impossible for him to speak out for her dimensions.

Step-by-step assembly of twin-shaft type

To make such a unit, a drawing is created. He assists in the manufacture of the structure.

The necessary materials and tools are selected:

engine;
metal plates 10 mm thick – 2 pcs.;
gears – 2 pcs;
pulley – 2 pcs;
shaft – 2 pcs;
bearings – 5 pcs;
knives;
metal for the body;
metal pipe;
wrenches,
perforator;
welding machine.

The frame is made in the usual manner. If you plan to install 4 knives, then take a square blank and grind shafts on both sides to fit into the bearing. For 3 knives you need a round block in which the cuts are made for them. Holes are drilled in the blanks.

Knives are attached to them. The attachment points are marked. Holes are drilled and threads are cut into them.

A drum is formed, which consists of 2 walls, 4 pins and a protective casing. To create the walls, metal 10 mm thick is used. They have 2 holes for bearings.

Bearings are installed on the shafts and knives are attached. Using a keyed connection, the pulley is secured to the shaft. The keyway is formed using a torch. The entire mechanism is installed on the frame: a motor with a pulley and a drum. The pulleys are connected to each other by a belt drive.

The receiver is being manufactured. To do this, 4 sheets of metal are cut out in the shape of a trapezoid. They are welded in the form of a box. It is installed on bolts in front of the drum hole.

Disc chopper

A drawing is being prepared to create a disk chopper.

This design of the device is simpler.

For its manufacture, materials and tools are used:

engine;
pipes;
sheet metal 5 mm thick;
wrenches;
hammer drill.

It is better to buy knives that are factory-made, since they contain tool steel hardened to 66 Rockwell units. To make them yourself, you need a spring, from which a workpiece is cut to the required length. First, it is heated in a forge, leveled, additionally hardened and cooled. Then sharpening is carried out at an angle of 35-45 degrees. Holes are drilled into the body and the knives are ready for installation.

Alternatively, a pipe is used as a support for the unit. A cube is formed at the top, where all the parts of the mechanism are attached, and at the bottom there are wheels.

Metal is taken and a disk with a diameter of 400 mm is cut out of it. Holes are drilled in it for installing the shaft, as well as holes for attaching knives. Then the disk is installed on the shaft and the entire assembly is attached to the motor.

The formation of the receiving compartment is carried out in the same order as for a two-shaft apparatus.

From a set of circular saws

This type of design is one of the simplest. Circular saws with carbide tips are purchased in quantities of 20-25 pieces. This value can be increased. The knives are mounted on the shaft. Between them there are washers with a diameter of 20 mm. The length of the cutting surface is 80 mm.

Position cutting tool it is impossible to do it closely, because the thickness of the teeth is greater than the base. The washers compensate for this amount.

Before installing the knives, a thread is cut on the shaft. Then the nuts are clamped on both sides.

The frame is formed in a standard way. The bearings are placed on the shaft and fixed to the frame cross members.

The engine is installed, the chain is tensioned and the receiving hopper is installed.

Manufacturing from various devices

In order to make a wood chipper, you can use household appliances that have served their purpose. A small modification will make it possible to use them for a new purpose: to make a grain crusher or a branch chopper.

The main element in these devices is the engine. If it is in working order, then it only needs to be supplemented with some parts.

From the Bulgarian

The operating procedure consists of the following steps:

1. Capacity is selected.
2. A hole is made at the bottom.
3. The axis of the grinder is passed through it.
4. A knife is installed on top.
5. The tool is securely fastened.

When rotating, the knife should not touch the walls of the container. Branches are poured inside and the grinder is turned on at minimum speed.

From a walk-behind tractor

To make a chopper from a walk-behind tractor, you will need the following materials and tools:

walk-behind tractor;
knives;
bearing;
channel;
sheet material;
electric plane;
welding machine;
hammer;
Bulgarian;
drill;
set of keys.

The base is formed from a channel. A shaft from an electric planer, a knife and a pulley are installed on it. From the walk-behind tractor, torque is supplied through a belt drive to the pulley and shaft.

A receiving hopper is formed.

All structural elements are placed on the walk-behind tractor.

Making your own wood chipper provides significant savings. Factory models are expensive. At home, improvised means are adapted for this. Even if you have to purchase some components or have them manufactured, it will still cost much less than a purchased product.

An inevitable companion garden plot is plant debris in the form of grass and branches. It is not advisable to throw away or burn such waste, because it can be used to obtain natural fertilizer. It is enough to grind it to the state of wood chips. A garden shredder can easily handle this task. However, if there is no financial opportunity to purchase it, then you can make a garden shredder with your own hands. This article will tell you in detail how to do this.

Selecting a device based on technical parameters. How to make a shredder from scrap materials yourself.

As can be seen from the list presented, the design of a shredder with a disk mechanism is the simplest and most affordable. However, such a shredder can shred branches with a diameter of only 20 mm. But a chipper with two shafts can easily cope with large wood with a diameter of up to 80 mm.

Shredder assembly

Having all the necessary elements, you can safely begin to create the design of a garden branch shredder with your own hands based on the completed drawing. Assembling a garden shredder, regardless of the type of mechanism design, consists of several successive steps:

Frame installation.
Creating a bunker.
Assembling the grinding mechanism.
Installing the engine and grinding device on the frame.

Creating a chopper with a set of circular saw blades

The grinding mechanism of such shredders consists of circular saws, which are alternately mounted on the shaft with separating washers. Each disc has many teeth that can handle even hard wood. Therefore, it will process soft grass, tops and leaves in a matter of minutes. When saw teeth become dull, they can be easily replaced with new ones.

The shaft for the chopper can be machined using lathe or use a ready-made one from an old car's gearbox. The distance between adjacent saws should be about 10 mm. If the gap is smaller, it will reduce work area chopper If you create a larger gap, this will encourage small branches to get stuck.

Useful advice! The saw teeth should not be placed on the same line when fixing them on the shaft. It is better to install them chaotically. This reduces the load on the shredder shaft and electric motor.

It is better to use an electric motor, which is practically silent during operation and does not emit emissions into the atmosphere. harmful substances. To crush coarse material, you can use it, which has great power. The engine should be placed on a movable support so that the drive tension can be adjusted.

The frame for the shredder can be welded using channels, angles or profiled metal pipes. A thrust beam made of a metal profile can be welded to the base of the structure, which will become a support for stems and branches during crushing. When creating pedestals for bearings, it is important not to distort them. The axes of the motor and shaft must be in parallel planes.

The design of the bunker deserves special attention. It can be made from sheet metal. The container should be strong enough to withstand the impact of flying chips from branches. Using a movable support plate in the body of the hopper, it is possible to adjust the size of the chips. So, smaller fragments are suitable for fertilizer, and larger chips are suitable for kindling.

The size of the receiving socket should be larger than the length of the arms to protect them from damage. This also makes it possible to guide the branches into the shredder at a convenient angle.

This DIY garden shredder of branches and grass can cope with both soft waste and hard, thick wood. However, its main problem is the clogging of the space between the saws, which needs regular cleaning.

Creating a shredder with a blade disc

You can create such a grass chopper with your own hands from scrap materials. Since it is designed for crushing soft debris, its design will be very simple, however, it will not have a high strength rating. You can weld a bunker from sheet metal, or you can take an ordinary metal bucket. A casing from an old fan will also work.

To create a cutting system on a metal disk, knives are inserted into special slots, which can be pre-made from a spring sheet from a car. The disk is installed on the shaft. Next is the receiving box. A low-power 1 kW motor is suitable for such a shredder. All the details of creating a garden electric shredder You can watch your own herbs in videos offered on the Internet.

Assembly instructions for a twin-roll shredder

Work begins with creating a frame. To do this, use an angle grinder made of profile pipe two blanks 80 cm long and four parts 40 cm long are cut. Next, short sections are welded between two long blanks at right angles. The two internal parts must be spaced at a sufficient distance from each other to ensure secure installation of the grinding drum.

Useful advice! For the device to be mobile, the structure must have wheels for movement. To do this, two racks are welded to the frame, onto which an axle with wheels is attached.

The next step is to create the shafts for the chopping drum. If you plan to install four knives on one shaft, then we use a square metal blank. We make both ends of it round so that they can fit into the bearings. For three knives you will need a round blank in which the central part is sharpened. Three flat cuts are made in it for the subsequent installation of knives.

To create knives, you can take a small piece of a Kamaz spring sheet. Holes for bolts are made in the knives. Then you should perform sharpening machine, where the cutting edge angle is selected with a value of 35-45 degrees. Next, the sharpened knives are applied to the shaft and their attachment points are marked, in which holes are created, and the thread is cut.

Next, we proceed to create the grinding mechanism. Using a welding machine, round holes are made in two metal walls for installing bearings. Using special pads and bolts, we install the bearings inside the metal walls. We insert the shafts into the bearings, securing them securely. They must be located at a sufficient distance to prevent them from touching. Next, the drum walls are connected using threaded metal studs and nuts.

Now let's start creating the receiving bunker. To do this, four parallelepipeds are cut from thin sheet metal. Next, each edge is bent by 4 cm. A short section in one direction, a long section in the opposite direction. We connect all the parts using self-tightening rivets or welding. Holes for fastening are made on the bent edges at the base of the box.

Now gears are put on the shafts to synchronize the movement, and the entire structure is installed on the frame and secured with bolts. Then the motor is installed, which is connected to the shaft by a belt drive or chain. It is better to take an engine of high power, but with a low number of revolutions. At the end, the receiving hopper is installed and secured. Then put on all rotating parts of the shredder protective cover to prevent foreign objects from entering the shredder.

The main advantages of such a unit are its high power and technical ability to chop thick branches with a diameter of 20 to 80 mm. This will depend on the number of knives and the number of revolutions. Numerous Internet sites present detailed recommendations How to make a wood chipper with your own hands. Video examples more clearly display the entire assembly and installation process homemade device.

How to make a shredder from scrap materials

Many thrifty and thrifty owners are in no hurry to throw away old tools and household appliances. They find new uses for them. It’s worth showing a little imagination, using logic and ingenuity, and from improvised tools and old parts you can create a real helper in the household. Let's look at some simple options making a homemade chopper of branches and grass from simple and affordable materials.

Shredder from an angle grinder and a vacuum cleaner

One of these homemade designs is a DIY garden shredder made from an angle grinder, an old vacuum cleaner and lawn mower blades. One famous inventor, Vladimir Belyaev, proposed his own branch chopper, the video of the creation of which inspired many to modernize this idea and offer their own vision when creating a dacha assistant. Next, let's look at one of the interesting and popular options.

To create a simple but productive design, you will need an old working vacuum cleaner, a Makita grinder with a power of 3.2 kW, blades from a lawn mower, a stable wooden base, a receiving funnel and a metal table with a vertically welded sheet of metal.

The receiving funnel is mounted horizontally on a vertical metal sheet welded to the table. This sheet must be thick to support the bolted angle grinder and the knives mounted on it. If the seat of the three-blade blades from a lawn mower is not compatible with an angle grinder, then it is necessary to sharpen them so that the blades fit securely. To prevent the crushed mass from getting stuck between the knives, metal sheet a pipe from an old vacuum cleaner is attached, which supplies air. It is advisable that the grinder and the vacuum cleaner turn on at the same time.

The metal table is located on a wooden stationary base. You should also install a protective cover that will prevent the reverse movement of chopped branches.

Such a simple version of a garden shredder with your own hands, a video that clearly confirms this, can be easily created at your dacha, without complicated work steps and purchasing additional materials.

Washing machine shredder

A garden shredder can be created from an old washing machine. To do this, you will need a body and engine from the equipment, an old saw, a bucket and other parts, and tools for fastening the structure.

A side hole is made in the body of the old washing machine to allow recycled materials to exit. Knives, which can be made from pieces of an old saw, are attached to the bottom of the container using a special sleeve. An existing one built into the old one is used as an engine. washing machine. A receiving container for crushed waste is installed near the side opening.

Drill shredder

Another rudimentary invention is a homemade shredder using an electric drill. The operating principle of this mechanism resembles a vegetable cutter.

To create the design you need to take an old stool. Drill a hole with a diameter of 12 mm in it. WITH reverse side The stool is attached to a housing with a bearing. A bucket with a hole of the same diameter is installed on the stool and secured with self-tapping screws. A bearing is inserted into the hole, onto which a shaft with knives fixed to it is mounted. high speed steel. A dual-mode drill is connected to the end of the shaft from the bottom of the stool via a quick-release chuck.

Soft raw materials are thrown into the bucket and an electric drill is started. After thoroughly grinding to the desired state, the mulch is removed. This design is designed for a small volume of recycled waste.

The process of making and sharpening a knife deserves special attention. One-sided sharpening should be performed. The sharpened plane is located below. For chopping freshly cut grass, the diamond-shaped knife shape is ideal, in which the blades can be rounded. This allows the grass to slide freely along the cutting edge of the chopper blade without getting wrapped around it.

From the proposed options, we can conclude that you can create a garden shredder with your own hands from any available material. It is enough to have an electric motor adapted for a 220V network, any round container of sufficient size, a steel sheet, a hacksaw for wood or saws from an old lawn mower to create a cutting mechanism.

Subtleties when choosing an engine for a shredder

A certain engine power provides the required performance of the shredder. When choosing an engine, you should be guided by some important rules:

For small branches, you should choose a motor with a power of at least 2 kW. The higher the power rating, the greater the productivity and technical capability of the shredder.
To grind soft waste in the form of grass and leaves, a 1.5 kW motor will be sufficient.
Power gasoline engine should not be less than 6 hp.
Do not use overly powerful motors over 3.5 kW. They consume a lot of electricity, but the maximum performance of the unit is not achieved.
The engine speed does not have a big impact on the performance of the chopper. What is important here is the rotation frequency of the knives, which is ensured by a V-belt drive.
To reliably chop branches, the blade shaft should be set to a speed of no more than 1500 rpm. This happens due to correct selection diameters of the driving and driven pulleys.

Useful advice! It is better to make pulleys for belt drives with 3-4 grooves. This will allow you to change the speed on the shaft by moving the belt, which is necessary for different operating conditions of the chopper.

The main advantages of homemade garden shredders

A homemade shredder does not require too much care. It can be used for more than just shredding grass, leaves and branches. It will ideally recycle any household waste. It can be used for crushing fruits fruit trees for subsequent preparation of puree, jam or homemade wine.

Homemade shredders can handle branches with a diameter of up to 100 mm, while factory units simply will not allow such large plants to pass through. There is also no need to monitor the moisture content of raw materials for processing. But for factory shredders such negligence is unacceptable. Since in most models the engine is located at the bottom of the structure, the possibility of moisture getting on it must be excluded, which will inevitably lead to breakdown.

An important argument in favor of a homemade device is the cost of the entire structure, which will be much lower than the price of a finished shredder. This also applies to replacing a failed part, which will not be expensive.

In addition, a homemade garden chipper differs in its degree of productivity. All garden waste that falls on the grinding mechanism is instantly processed into small chips.

As can be seen from the above, reliable and faithful assistant for shredding garden waste, you can create it yourself from scrap materials. It is enough to have some skills in plumbing and have parts in your garage old technology, necessary tools and materials. Next, having chosen the most appropriate method for yourself, sketch out a drawing of a branch chopper with your own hands. Video various options Performances of a homemade shredder can be viewed on the Internet. Based on the drawing, prepare all the necessary elements and begin assembling the chopper.

If you are not sure about own strength, currently you can buy a homemade wood chipper from the proposed options, which will meet all the requirements and satisfy your wishes at an affordable price.

An inevitable companion of a garden plot is plant debris in the form of grass and branches. It is not advisable to throw away or burn such waste, because it can be used to obtain natural fertilizer. It is enough to grind it to the state of wood chips. A garden shredder can easily handle this task. However, if there is no financial opportunity to purchase it, then you can make a garden shredder with your own hands. This article will tell you in detail how to do this.

Do-it-yourself garden shredder: basic design elements

A garden shredder, also known as a shredder or chipper, greatly facilitates the process of caring for summer cottage plot. With its help, you can easily clear the area of branches and grass. Recycled raw materials can be placed in a compost pit to obtain natural fertilizer. It is advisable to use the resulting small wood as firewood for heating the house. Shredded fruit tree chips are ideal for smoking meat.

The design of a garden shredder is quite simple. It consists of the following main parts:

bunker;
drive;
grinding mechanism;
metal frame with a protective casing.

Some models may be equipped with additional elements:

a hopper for crushed organic waste;
pusher;
a sieve to regulate the woodchip fraction.

The operating principle of any chopper is the same as that of a meat grinder and is as follows. When the shredder is turned on, the engine starts, which drives the working shaft equipped with a cutting mechanism. At this time, garden waste enters the receiving funnel and is crushed into fine chips using a cutting device.

Grinding mechanism

Before you start creating a homemade shredder, you need to clearly determine the type of waste that it will process. This directly depends on its design features and performance characteristics. Garden shredders are classified according to three main parameters: the type and power of the engine and the type of chopping mechanism.

The following options for the grinding mechanism are available:

milling, for processing hard wood;
universal knife;
roller, for grinding thin branches of trees and shrubs;
with rotating turbines for chopping thick branches;
hammer, for recycling thin branches;
trimmer, based on the use of fishing line, for soft debris.

At self-assembly For the chopper, preference is given to a knife system or a combination of circular saws. You can make a two-roll design, in which two or three knives are installed on a massive disk and rotate towards each other.

Engine type and power

The shredder can be equipped with an electric or gasoline engine. Each of them has its own important advantages and some disadvantages. A garden shredder powered by gasoline is more mobile. Its operation does not depend on the power source. It is capable of processing thicker large branches. However, such chippers are more bulky and heavy. In addition, they emit harmful substances into the atmosphere during their activities.

Shredders with an electric motor are lighter and more convenient to use. However, they are inferior in terms of power and depend on energy resources.

The ability to process a certain type of garden waste depends on the engine power. For small volumes of waste, where the diameter of the branches does not exceed 20 mm, a 1.5 kW motor is sufficient. If it is necessary to grind branches 20-40 mm thick, then it is advisable to use a motor with a power of at least 3.5-4 kW. Shredders equipped with a 6 kW motor can cope with large wood 100-150 mm in diameter.

The next design feature of shredders is the type of drive. This function can be performed by a chain, belt or the motor shaft itself, on which the knife mechanism is fixed.

Steps to creating a DIY garden wood chipper

Creating a shredder with your own hands is a very labor-intensive process that requires the master to have technical knowledge and high level practical skills. All work consists of two stages. The first, preparatory, consists of creating a drawing of a garden shredder with your own hands and purchasing necessary materials. The second stage is the actual assembly of the shredder.

Creating a Shredder Drawing

The drawing can be done by hand or using a special design program on a computer. The main structure of the shredder consists of a hopper, a frame, a motor, a shaft with a blade mechanism and a protective casing.

Examples of do-it-yourself drawings of wood chippers clearly show that various crushing mechanisms can be used for the cutting system.

If you use a set of circular saws, the drawing of the chopper will be quite simple. A shaft with 15-30 fixed circular saw blades is installed on a metal frame, which is driven by an engine using a belt drive. For this purpose, pulleys are located at the ends of the shaft and motor. As the do-it-yourself shredder drawings show, branches for heating a house are shredded precisely thanks to such a cutting system.

To create a shredder with a knife disk shredding system, the drawing indicates the diameter of the cutting disk, the number of knives and their location. The disk itself can be placed vertically or at some angle. The number of knives affects the degree of grinding. There can be from 1 to 3 pieces.

There is an option to create a chipper with two shafts. You can see this grinding system in the video. Drawings of a do-it-yourself wood chipper with a two-roll cutting system are distinguished by the presence of two shafts with knives, which are located between metal plates. Each shaft is equipped with 3-4 knives. The knives themselves are secured with bolts and are offset to the side relative to the center of the shaft.

Four bearings are fixed in the holes of the metal plates, which are responsible for the free rotation of the shafts. And two gears driven by the engine ensure their synchronous rotation. Torque from the engine to the drive is transmitted using a chain or belt drive. The distance between the shafts is selected based on the width of the knives and the thickness of the branches.

Shredder structure: 1 - frame casing, 2 - frame, 3 - gear housing, 4 - working shaft, 5 - drive shaft, 6 - V-belt, 7 - electric motor, 8 - turntable

Necessary materials for making a chopper

To make a garden chipper, where the chopping system is a set of circular saws, you need to purchase the following components:

circular saws in the amount of 15-20 pcs. diameter 18 cm;
engine;
2 pulleys;
2 bearings with fastening;
metal washers in the amount of 17-22 pieces up to 5 mm thick for separating circular saws;

The device of the working (driven) shaft: 1 - bushing, 2 - shaft, 3 - cutting element, 4 - M12 x 35 mm screw with internal hexagon, 5 - spring washer A12, 6 - retaining ring 40 x 2.5 mm, 7 - gear MSGA4-50, 8 - bearing No. 6210

profile pipes to create a frame;
sheet metal about 2 mm thick for the hopper and casing.

For a shredder with a blade disc you will need:

engine;
sheet metal 2 mm thick;
sheet of metal and blades for the disc.

To create a shredder with two shafts, you need to purchase the following materials:

gasoline or electric engine;
two metal plates 10 mm thick:
a pair of gears to ensure synchronous movement of the shafts;
a gear or pulley for transmitting torque from the engine to the shafts;
pulley for the motor shaft;

Drive shaft structure: 1 - retaining ring 30 x 2 mm, 2 - MSGB4-15 gear, 3 - bushing, 4 - shaft, 5 - bearing No. 6207, 6 - driven pulley

5 bearings with fastenings;
chopping knives;
profile pipes to create a frame;
sheet metal with a thickness of at least 2 mm to create a receiving hopper and a protective casing.

Shredder assembly

Frame installation.

Creating a bunker.

Assembling the grinding mechanism.

Installing the engine and grinding device on the frame.

Creating a chopper with a set of circular saw blades

The shaft for the chopper can be turned on a lathe or used ready-made from the gearbox of an old car. The distance between adjacent saws should be about 10 mm. If the gap is smaller, it will reduce the working area of the shredder. If you create a larger gap, this will encourage small branches to get stuck.

It is better to use an electric motor, which is practically silent during operation and does not emit harmful substances into the atmosphere. To crush coarse material, you can use a walk-behind tractor, which has great power. The engine should be placed on a movable support so that the drive tension can be adjusted.

The size of the receiving socket should be larger than the length of the arms to protect them from damage. This also makes it possible to guide the branches into the shredder at a convenient angle.

Creating a shredder with a blade disc

To create a cutting system on a metal disk, knives are inserted into special slots, which can be pre-made from a spring sheet from a car. The disk is installed on the shaft. Next is the receiving box. A low-power 1 kW motor is suitable for such a shredder. All the details of creating a garden electric herb shredder with your own hands can be seen in the videos offered on the Internet.

Assembly instructions for a twin-roll shredder

Work begins with creating a frame. To do this, using an angle grinder, two blanks 80 cm long and four parts 40 cm long are cut from a profile pipe. Next, short sections are welded between the two long blanks at right angles. The two internal parts must be spaced at a sufficient distance from each other to ensure secure installation of the grinding drum.

To create knives, you can take a small piece of a Kamaz spring sheet. Holes for bolts are made in the knives. Then you should sharpen the knives on a sharpening machine, where the cutting edge angle is selected with a value of 35-45 degrees. Next, the sharpened knives are applied to the shaft and their attachment points are marked, in which holes are created, and the thread is cut.

Now gears are put on the shafts to synchronize the movement, and the entire structure is installed on the frame and secured with bolts. Then the motor is installed, which is connected to the shaft by a belt drive or chain. It is better to take an engine of high power, but with a low number of revolutions. At the end, the receiving hopper is installed and secured. A protective cover is then placed on all rotating parts of the shredder to prevent foreign objects from entering the shredder.

The main advantages of such a unit are its high power and technical ability to chop thick branches with a diameter of 20 to 80 mm. This will depend on the number of knives and the number of revolutions. Numerous websites on the Internet provide detailed recommendations on how to make a branch chopper with your own hands. Video examples more clearly display the entire process of assembling and installing a homemade device.

How to make a shredder from scrap materials

Many thrifty and thrifty owners are in no hurry to throw away old tools and household appliances. They find new uses for them. It’s worth showing a little imagination, using logic and ingenuity, and from improvised tools and old parts you can create a real helper in the household. Let's look at some simple options for making a homemade chopper of branches and grass from simple and affordable materials.

Shredder from an angle grinder and a vacuum cleaner

Drawing of a shredder for making it yourself: 1 - stands, 2 - base, 3 - rolling bearings, 4 - disk cutter, 5 - fan blades, 6 - hammer crusher bits, 7 - calibrating mesh, 8 - drive motor, 9 - feed hopper , 10 - pre-presser, 11 - folding shredder casing, 12 - stationary shredder casing, 13 - belt drive, 14 - pulley, 15 - belt tensioning mechanism

The receiving funnel is mounted horizontally on a vertical metal sheet welded to the table. This sheet must be thick to support the bolted angle grinder and the knives mounted on it. If the seat of the three-blade blades from a lawn mower is not compatible with an angle grinder, then it is necessary to sharpen them so that the blades fit securely. To prevent the crushed mass from getting stuck between the knives, a pipe from an old vacuum cleaner is attached to the metal sheet, which supplies air. It is advisable that the grinder and the vacuum cleaner turn on at the same time.

The metal table is located on a wooden stationary base. You should also install a protective cover that will prevent the reverse movement of chopped branches.

Washing machine shredder

A side hole is made in the body of the old washing machine to allow recycled materials to exit. Knives, which can be made from pieces of an old saw, are attached to the bottom of the container using a special sleeve. An existing one built into an old washing machine is used as an engine. A receiving container for crushed waste is installed near the side opening.

Drill shredder

Another rudimentary invention is a homemade shredder using an electric drill. The operating principle of this mechanism resembles a vegetable cutter.

Drawing of a hammer shredder: 1 - loading hopper (metal 1 mm), 2 - edging of the neck of the loading hopper (corner 25x25 mm), 3 - flap/latch (metal 1 mm), 4 - M6 bolts for tie (8 pcs), 5 - framing of the loading hole in the housing (equal angle 25 mm), 6 - M8 studs (8 pcs), 7 - outer drum of the housing (pipe 270x6 mm), 8 - stator with grooves (pipe 258x6 mm), 9 - hammers (metal 3 mm , hardened to hardness HRC 45–47, 72 pcs), 10 - latch with a diameter of 3 mm (4 pcs), 11 - M20 nut with spring washer, 12 - hammer axis (circle with a diameter of 22 mm, 4 pcs), 13 and 14 - piping of pipes (equal angle 25 mm), 15 and 19 - rubber gaskets 3 mm thick, 16 - M8 nuts for fastening the flange (8 pcs), 17 - hammer rotor, 18 - flange (5 mm metal, 2 pcs), 20 - remote washers (metal 3 mm, hardened to hardness HRC 45–47, 70 pcs), 21 - retainer, 22 - drive shaft

To create the design you need to take an old stool. Drill a hole with a diameter of 12 mm in it. A housing with a bearing is attached to the back of the stool. A bucket with a hole of the same diameter is installed on the stool and secured with self-tapping screws. A bearing is inserted into the hole, onto which a shaft is mounted with high-speed steel knives attached to it. A dual-mode drill is connected to the end of the shaft from the bottom of the stool via a quick-release chuck.

Drawing of a manual grinder, for which you can use a drive from an electric drill: 1 - shell, 2 - bearing, 3 - drum, 4 - cross, 5 - handle for rotation, 6 - end wall of the housing, 7 - shield, 8 - sloped board of the tray, 9 - stand, 10 - side wall of the case

Subtleties when choosing an engine for a shredder

A certain engine power provides the required performance of the shredder. When choosing an engine, you should be guided by some important rules:

For small branches, you should choose a motor with a power of at least 2 kW. The higher the power rating, the greater the productivity and technical capability of the shredder.

To grind soft waste in the form of grass and leaves, a 1.5 kW motor will be sufficient.

The power of a gasoline engine should not be less than 6 hp.

Do not use overly powerful motors over 3.5 kW. They consume a lot of electricity, but the maximum performance of the unit is not achieved.

The engine speed does not have a big impact on the performance of the chopper. What is important here is the rotation frequency of the knives, which is ensured by a V-belt drive.

To reliably chop branches, the blade shaft should be set to a speed of no more than 1500 rpm. This occurs due to the correct selection of the diameters of the driving and driven pulleys.

The main advantages of homemade garden shredders

A homemade shredder does not require too much care. It can be used for more than just shredding grass, leaves and branches. It will ideally recycle any household waste. It can be used to grind the fruits of fruit trees for subsequent preparation of puree, jam or homemade wine.

In addition, a homemade garden chipper differs in its degree of productivity. All garden waste that falls on the grinding mechanism is instantly processed into small chips.

As can be seen from all of the above, you can create a reliable and faithful assistant for shredding garden waste with your own hands from scrap materials. It is enough to have some skills in locksmith work, to have parts of old equipment, the necessary tools and materials in your garage. Next, having chosen the most appropriate method for yourself, sketch out a drawing of a branch chopper with your own hands. Videos of various versions of a homemade shredder can be viewed on the Internet. Based on the drawing, prepare all the necessary elements and begin assembling the chopper.

If you are not confident in your own abilities, currently you can buy a homemade wood chipper from the proposed options, which will meet all the requirements and satisfy your wishes at an affordable price.

Owners suburban areas They know that caring for trees and shrubs requires constant pruning of unnecessary, dried and old branches. Most often, a pile of brushwood is burned, polluting the entire area with smoke and small particles of soot. But twigs processed for compost are excellent organic fertilizer! The only downside is the rotting process, which is extended over time, and the unaesthetic pile of garden wood, growing in breadth and height. An electric garden shredder (shredder or chitter) will help reduce the mountain of branches tenfold and speed up the transformation of brushwood into humus. Today there are many models of crushing devices for these purposes on the market, however, the price of such units is quite high. We suggest making the machine yourself, especially since a significant part of the materials can be found in everyone’s garage or on a pile of old scrap metal.

Design and principle of operation of an electric garden shredder

A garden shredder will help you get rid of branches and other organic debris.

To make your own electric wood chipper, you need to know its structure and operating principle. In the future, this will help in designing your own design and assembling the unit.

The garden shredder (chitter), regardless of the specifics of its operation, is designed simply and consists of the following parts and components:

engine;
metal frame;
working shaft(s);
cutting block;
receiving box;
flexible or gear transmission;
protective casing.

For convenience, the unit is equipped with wheels, which make it easier to move the structure around the garden plot.

Garden shredder diagram

The branch chopper works as follows. The torque from the electric motor is transmitted to the working shaft through a V-belt, chain or gear drive. The ratio of pulleys, sprockets or gears is selected so that the gear ratio can provide a rotation speed of the main axle of at least 1500 rpm. The chopping of branches fed into the receiving box is carried out with knives rigidly fixed to the working shaft.

There are crushing plant designs using two working shafts moving in the opposite direction. This scheme allows you to increase the productivity of the unit and makes it possible to process branches of increased size.

Thanks to the high rotation speed, intensive grinding of wood occurs, which, after grinding, is sent to the compost heap. If we consider the design of a shredder through the prism of similar mechanisms, then its operating principle is similar to the operation of a meat grinder or blender. Despite the rather primitive design, when using a durable blade block and an electric motor with a power of 3 - 5 kW, the unit can process not only twigs, but also tree trimmings more than 5 cm thick into chips. There are also garden chitters that chop ten-centimeter branches, however, their design much more complicated, and the principle of operation is more perfect.

Classification of wood chippers

When planning to create a garden chitter, you must have an idea of the thickness of wood waste you will have to deal with. Since all organic waste shredders can be divided according to the power of the electric motor and the operating principle of the blade unit, the maximum diameter of wood trimmings affects the choice of design, operational parameters And technical specifications unit.

By type of power plant used

Garden shredders can use both electric motors and internal combustion engines. The advantages of the first are simplicity, compactness, ease of use. However, with the help of a gasoline or diesel power unit, you can create a truly mobile installation, and their power allows you to process branches more than 10 cm thick.

Shredders with an internal combustion engine have high power and are more mobile than electric units

IN homemade design It's easier to use an electric motor. In this case, there is no need to use additional components to ensure starting and warming up the engine, the final cost of the mechanism is reduced, and the installation and operation of the equipment is simplified.

When choosing an electric power unit, the following factors must be taken into account:

It should be noted that powerful electric motors require connection to three phases. If a conventional two-phase 220 V network is used, then the best way out of the situation is a gasoline or diesel power plant. Its power is 5 - 6 liters. With. will be sufficient in most cases.

According to the design of the knife block

The design of the blade block of a garden shredder determines the diameter of the branches that can be shredded, and what size of processed chips will be obtained at the exit of the unit. For example, the simplest devices can process only thin branches, cutting them into pieces of 2 to 10 cm, while more complex devices can crush thick branches, grinding them into dust or producing pieces 10 - 15 cm long.

The design of factory knives is most often presented in three versions:

disk-knife block, which is used for grass and twigs no more than 2 cm thick;
The garden shredder with disc blade unit has simple design, but is unable to process thick branches
a milling-type cutting system that can easily cope with thick branches up to 8 cm. The only condition is that the raw material must be dry, otherwise the cutters become clogged with wood fibers and require constant cleaning;
The use of cutters allows you to work with any organic waste
auger and turbine-milling cutting units are the most productive and versatile - they can equally easily process raw and dry fairly large branches into chips.
The use of combined turbine-milling or auger cutting units provides the device with high productivity

In home-made designs, it is difficult to replicate a screw or turbine-milling design, so craftsmen take one of the following cutting block designs as a basis:

two-shaft system with several knives;
disk-knife assembly;
stacked package of circular saws or cutters.

All three options are available for repetition at home and require a minimum of costs, since their production uses parts and assemblies from old automobile and agricultural equipment, sections of corners, pipes, etc. As for purchased elements, you can’t do without them . If there is no electric motor, circular saws or cutters, as well as other parts in stock, then you will have to buy them.

Video: Homemade blade-disk chopper

Advantages and disadvantages of a homemade device

A homemade garden shredder has many advantages:

low cost compared to factory-produced equipment;
the ability to create designs for specific purposes. For example, processed branches are often used as fuel, which requires special adjustment of the unit to produce larger-sized cuttings;
in a homemade design, you can use parts that can easily be found in any garage or workshop;
a homemade shredder can be used not only for crushing branches, but also for chopping grass, vegetables and fruits - as pet food or for recycling purposes;
at self-production equipment, you have the opportunity to use your mind and erudition, apply your own skills and abilities. A successfully working structure will serve as proof of your worth as an owner, increase self-esteem, and raise authority among neighbors and acquaintances.

As for the shortcomings, there are practically none. The only thing I would like to note is that equipment of this type belongs to the category of dangerous, therefore, when manufacturing the unit, it is necessary to provide structural elements, ensuring risk reduction, and during operation adhere to the rules for handling such mechanisms.

Making a garden crusher at home with your own hands

To make a wood waste recycler, you will need the ability to operate a welding machine plus some experience in metalworking. Creating a garden cheater takes place in several stages. At the first stage, they design the structure based on their own requirements and the availability of materials. On others, they begin to manufacture individual parts, assemble, configure and test the unit.

Required materials and tools

To build a wood waste shredder you will need:

You will need the most common tool, which any craftsman will always have:

welding machine;
electric drill with a set of metal drills;
angle grinder (colloquially “grinder”);
sharpening machine (emery);
set of wrenches;
hammer;
metal ruler, tape measure;
metal marker (scriber).

In addition, the finished product must be painted to protect it from weather conditions, as well as to improve aesthetics, so you will need a rust converter, primer and any exterior enamel.

Preparatory work, drawings

As previously mentioned, the design of a garden shredder includes a frame, an electric motor, a housing, a working shaft (one or more) with installed knives and a receiving hopper. The final look finished product directly depends on the chosen scheme and the features of its implementation.

The most important parameter that is taken into account when designing and making drawings is the location of the working shaft and the type of knives used.

A drawing of a garden shredder using two shafts looks like this: a pair of steel plates with a thickness of at least 10 mm are taken as the body, in which holes are milled for ball bearings. The knives are fixed offset relative to each axis of the mechanism. The synchronous rotation of the shafts is ensured by gears attached to them, to which torque is transmitted from the electric motor. The design can use both chain and belt. The calculation of the center gap is based on the dimensions of the knives, which, in turn, determine the maximum thickness of the processed wood.

For a mechanism with two shafts, it is not so much the speed of rotation that is important, but the amount of torque. Therefore, it is better to take an electric motor with a power of at least 4 kW and 3000 rpm and, due to the gear ratio, reduce the rotation speed to an acceptable value.

When making a knife disk chitter, fewer parts will be required, but the size of the branches that it can crush will be smaller. A multi-groove pulley is used to change the rotation speed, and the quality of chopping can be adjusted by installing knives of different widths. The disk with attached knives does not have to be installed strictly vertically - it can be at any angle. It all depends on the designer’s imagination and considerations of convenience and personal preferences.

Drawing of a blade-disc chopper

To make a shredder with a knife block from two dozen circular saws, you will need one shaft, a pair of bearings in housings and a belt drive. It must be said that the performance of this design depends on the rotation speed of the cutting package, so a high-speed electric motor and a pair of pulleys of the same diameter are best suited for it.

Drawing of a chopper made from circular saws

Scheme of a chopper made from circular saws

The performance characteristics of the structure can be significantly improved by replacing circular disks with cutters of different sizes from metal-cutting machines. In this case, the speed of the mechanism is reduced, while simultaneously increasing the amount of torque.

Instructions for making a wood chipper with two working shafts

The work of creating a shredder for a suburban area is divided into several steps, which include manufacturing the frame, assembling the cutting unit, welding the receiving funnel and protective casing, as well as installing parts and assemblies on the base.

Parts for making a twin-shaft garden shredder

Two blanks 40 cm long and four 80 cm long are cut from a profile pipe or metal corner. They will be used for welding the base of the structure - the frame, or, in professional terms, the bed.
A rectangular frame is welded from two long and two short sections, after which internal crossbars are welded to it in such a way as to install a knife block on them.
If you plan to install wheels on the chopper, then racks are additionally mounted on the frame to install the axle.
The production of working shafts is ordered from a turner. When installing four knives, square blanks are used, on which they grind seats under bearings and pulleys. If there are three cutting elements, then the blanks are machined along the entire length, after which three flats (flat cuts) are made on them and holes are drilled for attaching the blades.
Good knives can be made from car springs
Shredder knives are made from springs from trucks or minibuses (such as Gazelle). To do this, cut the sheet into pieces of the required length, heat it in a forge and level it with a hammer. Next, they drill mounting holes and forming a wedge edge is performed. By knocking down excess metal on sandpaper, they achieve corners cutting edges 35 to 45 degrees on each blade. After this, the knives are hardened and finely sharpened on a sharpening machine.
Holes are cut out in the metal plates used as the housing of the cutting unit for installation of bearings. It is best, of course, to use a laser cutting machine at some enterprise or, at worst, a plasma cutter. If there is no access to such equipment, then you can resort to using a gas cutter or welding machine. The disadvantage of the latter method is that the resulting holes will be uneven, so their edges will have to be sanded for a long time and carefully.
The bearings are mounted, after which they are secured against longitudinal displacement with round plates-washers, which are attached to the outer surface of the housing.
The work of the garden cheater is associated with the formation of dirt and dust, so closed ball bearings are used in its design.
The shafts are installed, after which the side walls of the housing are tightened using studs and nuts.
Assembling the cutting drum housing
They begin to manufacture the receiving hopper. To do this, from 2 mm steel sheet Four blanks are cut out in the shape of a trapezoid, which are connected to each other by welding or rivets. In the tapering part of the box, 4–5 cm bends are made with holes for fastening.
For safety reasons, the length of the receiving hopper is increased so as to prevent the operator’s hands from getting into the action area of the cutting elements.
The grinding drum is attached to the frame, after which the drive gears are mounted on the shafts.
Gears provide the shafts with counter-direction of movement
The electric motor is mounted and a chain or belt drive is installed.
A protective casing is constructed from thin sheet metal to cover the rotating parts of the drive.
A feed box is mounted on the chopper.
Installation of the receiving box

The method of fastening the receiving box must make it possible to remove it to remove large, non-recyclable wood debris, clean the mechanism, sharpen knives, etc.
Make electrical connections.
Garden shredder assembly

In order to protect the chitter from corrosion, all its parts are cleaned with a wire brush and treated with a rust converter or other protective agent. After this, the unit is primed and painted using a spray gun or manually.

Shredding branches for heating purposes

The operation of an electric garden shredder, manufactured in compliance with all safety requirements, does not present any difficulties. However, during operation of the installation, you should adhere to a few simple rules and regulations.

When chopping branches, you should only wear safety glasses or a mask, a hat and high shoes. It is best to handle branches with bare hands, or, at worst, with tight-fitting gloves.
Do not place your hands below the opening of the loading hopper. If necessary, you can push the brushwood through the next portion of twigs or a special stick with a branch at the end.
The size of branches should not exceed half center distance between the shafts. When choosing wood waste intended for disposal, it is necessary to take into account the width of the knives used.
It is necessary to exclude the possibility of pieces of glass, stones, metal and plastic debris getting into the receiving hopper both during operation of the unit and during storage.
Raw branches lend themselves best to shredding on a two-shaft unit. If it is necessary to dispose of parts of rhizomes, they must be cleared of soil.
If wood debris becomes jammed in the working drum, the device is immediately disconnected from the network. Further removal of stuck debris is carried out only when the equipment is completely de-energized.
During operation, care should be taken special attention the place where the power cable is laid - it should not fall into the area where crushing products are released.

Reliable and durable operation of a wood chipper depends not only on proper operation, but also on storage conditions. Therefore, after each use, the shredder must be cleaned of any remaining processed products and stored in a shed or under a shed. In addition, you will need to monitor the sharpness of the cutting edges. Well-sharpened knives will make work enjoyable and reduce the load on the machine components. If the operating rules are followed, the garden shredder will provide safe and trouble-free operation for many years, making it easier to care for the area, bringing benefit and pleasure.

Thanks to my varied hobbies, I write on various topics, but my favorites are engineering, technology and construction. Perhaps because I know many nuances in these areas not only theoretically, as a result of studying at a technical university and graduate school, but also with practical side, because I try to do everything with my own hands.