The design of most modern fireplaces and stoves is based on metal fireboxes and chimney. And the role of spectacular decoration is played by the outer duct and chimney. Let's talk about materials that will protect these and other structures located in close proximity to hot surfaces.

A fireplace is an indoor stove with a wide open firebox and a straight chimney. It is curious that initially it not only performed heating functions, but also effectively ventilated the rooms. However, even today most consumers do not consider the fireplace as the main heating equipment. Rather, it is perceived as an element of the interior decoration of a living room or office, serving to effectively frame the fire.

The heat generator in popular types of fireplaces is a metal firebox like a potbelly stove and a pipe coming out of it. This simple device can become an accent element of the interior - just build a decorative portal and box around it, which can imitate brick or stonework and a chimney. One of the most simple ways box execution - frame made of metal profiles, covered with plasterboard.

We isolate heat

In solid fuel fireplaces, the temperature of gases removed from the fireplace does not exceed 400-450 °C. The temperature inside the decorative structure (box) is noticeably lower, but can reach 100 °C. And this circumstance must not be overlooked. So as not to damage the drywall. prevent it from overheating, and also so that, in turn, it does not heat up and deteriorate finishing(plaster, paint, etc.). An insulation circuit is installed inside the decorative Noro-6a. It provides reliable heat insulation (the external parts of the fireplace can be touched without fear), and warm air from the inside of the box it enters the room through the holes provided for this purpose. In addition, non-combustible insulation plays the role of an additional fire barrier. For example, when a fragment of a pipe connection burns out and fiery sparks come out of the combustion chamber (which, by the way, often happens when the rules for operating fireplaces are violated and the firebox is constantly overfilled) or in any other place finishing materials will not light up.

If the fireplace is supposed to be installed near a wall or in the corner of the room, then thermal insulation boards are also installed on all adjacent surfaces. They will protect the structure of the house from overheating, accidental sparks and ignition. At the same time, a larger amount of hot air will be retained inside the firebox and then distributed throughout the room, increasing the efficiency of the fireplace.

Thermal insulation of the fireplace - avoid overheating!

To insulate fireplaces, highly specialized materials made from stone wool in the form of slabs, say, are most often used. Fire Batts (Rockwool), price 1 pack. (8 pcs. size 1000 x 600 x 30 mm) - from 2760 rub.; PS17 (Ragos), price 1 pack. (7 pcs. 1200 x 600 x x 30 mm) - 1930 rub.; “TECHNO T 80” (“Tech-noNIKOL”), price 1 pack. (6 pcs. size 1200 x 600 x 50 mm) - 3580 rub. Their main feature- wide range of operating temperatures: from -180 to +750 °C. They produce two types of slabs: regular and covered on one side with reinforced aluminum foil, glued

special heat-resistant glue. The foil layer increases the thermal insulation properties of the structure by reflecting radiant heat.

If you choose the right material, when arranging the fireplace area, follow the recommendations of fireplace manufacturers and insulating materials, and during operation adhere to basic safety measures (do not leave a working fireplace unattended, do not place flammable objects near it), then you for a long time You will enjoy the warmth of a living and safe fire.

Warmth or heat insulation?

Many private developers often overlook the fact that the product line of each major stone wool thermal insulation manufacturer includes materials for different purposes.

Despite their external similarity, they have a different composition of raw materials and have different characteristics.

If for general building insulation the operating temperature range varies from approximately -50 to +100 ° C, then specialized products, say, intended for work in high-temperature environments (in close proximity to fireplaces, stoves, heating equipment), are designed for other loads, and the temperature of the insulated their surfaces can vary from -180 to +750 “C. The choice of such materials should be approached more thoughtfully, since conventional insulation at elevated temperatures will be ineffective.

Note:

There are two types of specialized high-temperature thermal insulation boards: without foil and with aluminum foil glued on one side with a special heat-resistant adhesive. The maximum permissible temperature on the foil side is 500 °C, on the stone wool side - 750 °C. In order not to deteriorate the properties of the product, the packaging should be stored indoors or under a canopy (horizontally, on a dry flat surface), covered with polyethylene.

The stone doesn't burn

Stone wool is produced from non-flammable raw materials - rocks of the gabbro-basalt group with the addition of a small amount of binder to give shape, and in high-temperature insulation there is very little of it (less than 2% by mass fraction).

The thin fibers of this heat-insulating material can withstand temperatures up to 1000 °C without melting; they are not damaged, remain connected to each other, retain their strength, shape and do not collapse in the absence of mechanical stress on the material.

Stone wool products are classified as non-flammable building materials(NG according to GOST 302W), which are used both in low-rise cottages and in high-rise buildings. In addition, in the event of a fire, such thermal insulation delays the destruction process for some time. load-bearing structures buildings.

Since the operation of the fireplace and its chimney is associated with the combustion process and high temperatures, their installation requires an extremely careful and balanced approach. There is SP 7.13130.2013 “Heating, ventilation and air conditioning. Requirements fire safety", which clearly outlines the principles of constructing furnace chimneys, penetrations and installation of insulation from the point of view of fire safety. Ignoring these rules can lead to very sad consequences.

Based on our practice, the majority of private owners whose bathhouse or cottage burned down installed a fireplace or stove on their own and violated the rules for installing a chimney through the ceiling or did not maintain the fire-prevention distance between the heating equipment and the wall, although this parameter is indicated in the installation instructions.

Practical advice on fireplace insulation

To increase the fire safety of the ceiling that the chimney crosses, a decompression chamber is installed by horizontally installing a heat-insulating slab. It is advisable to provide two ventilation grilles in the box: one for cooling the decompression chamber, and through the other warm air will spread throughout the room. To metal guides using self-tapping screws attach sheets of drywall. They will become the basis for decorative finishing fireplace.

Fireplace insulation diagram

1. Chamber cooling hole
2. Decompression chamber
3. Ventilation grill
4. High temperature stone wool slabs
5. Box made of plasterboard slabs
6. Chimney
7. Firebox body

Do-it-yourself fireplace insulation

Installation of Fire Batts when installing a fireplace - photo

First they prepare required quantity thermal insulation boards, and their size must correspond to the dimensions of the fireplace insert (a). Heat-resistant mineral glue is applied pointwise to the slabs. cement based, if the insulation is foil - then on its non-foil surface (6). Then the slabs are glued to the wall (c). The joints of foil insulation are protected with heat-resistant aluminum tape (g).

A fireplace insert with decorative portal, leaving between the latter and the insulation layer air gap not less than 4 cm (d). After this, metal guides are mounted above the decorative portal and thermal insulation slabs are also installed between them (e)

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Installing a fireplace indoors and organizing its efficient and safe operation is not limited to just the construction of a foundation, frame and chimney. To complete all the work yourself, you need to apply knowledge of several branches of physics, including thermal phenomena. One of the most important stages construction is the thermal insulation of the fireplace, this is a set of measures to ensure the protection of the surface from heat leakage. Several fireplace blocks are insulated at once: the firebox, the body and the chimney.

Fireplace design drawing

Why is thermal insulation needed?

The role of the thermal insulation material is that, due to its poor thermal conductivity, the transfer of energy through the layer of material is difficult. Thus, it is possible not only to preserve the heat that the fireplace produces, but also to protect the structural elements of the house from high temperatures.

Chimney insulation serves several purposes.

• At the external location of the pipe, intense heat exchange occurs with the cold air of the street space. A huge part of the amount of heat is released into the atmosphere, but could be used to heat the room. If you reduce this share, you will achieve higher efficiency indicators. The solution to this issue will be insulation, which is applied on top of the walls of the chimney.
• Combustion products that are emitted through the chimney contain carbon dioxide and water vapor. The temperature of all this gas exceeds a hundred degrees. Upon contact with cooled external environment the walls of the chimney form condensation on the surface of the latter. Acids, which are a combustion product, are mixed into it. The result is a chemically active environment, leading to the destruction of the walls. The appearance of condensation can only be avoided by increasing the temperature of the pipe itself, that is, by providing it with high-quality insulation.
• In places where the chimney pipe passes through the ceiling or roof, contact of materials necessarily occurs. In case wooden buildings this situation is a fire hazard. But additional function insulation will be to protect the ceiling surfaces.

Corner placement option

Internal insulation of fireplaces involves the localization of energy inside the firebox for the purpose of its directed transmission. The fireplace should not emit heat in all directions, especially if it is installed near a wall. It should warm those sitting directly in front of the fireplace. Special reflectors for fireplaces are installed inside the firebox and serve as a screen from infrared radiation. As a result, all the heat escapes through the combustion hole into the room.

A fireplace is not only an original piece of furniture, but also a heating device.

A fireplace is not only an original piece of furniture, but also a heating device. Although, as a rule, not the only one. It allows you to create the ideal atmosphere for a relaxing, comfortable stay. Many owners country houses after working day or weeks they prefer to spend evenings with family and friends near a live fire.

Fireplaces are placed in different ways:

• built into a load-bearing fireproof wall or attached to it (wall-mounted),
• placed in a corner (corner) or in the center of the room (island).

They are decorated with openwork casting, valuable types of wood, tiles, polished or crushed marble (natural or artificially aged) and other finishing materials.

Briefly about the design of the fireplace

The design consists of two main parts - the firebox (this is the basis of the fireplace) and the chimney. Between them is the so-called tooth. Combustion products, passing through it, sharply change direction. There are also additional parts: valves, grate grids, doors, dampers, etc.

Fireplaces come with open and closed fireboxes. Options with an open firebox have a relatively low efficiency (10-25%). They are characterized by an increased fire hazard, but provide an opportunity to contemplate an open fire and at the same time improve the ventilation of the room.

Fireplaces with a closed firebox have higher efficiency, and the risk of fire from them is much less.

Types of chimneys and their features

The most important part of the fireplace is the chimney. This is a vertical sealed channel to create traction. Draft is needed to remove fuel combustion products, as well as to supply oxygen and ensure air exchange in the room.

The chimney must be fireproof and withstand the effects of:

• high temperature,
• chemically aggressive exhaust gases,
• a mixture of soot and condensate formed during fuel combustion.

Therefore, they are made from steel, ceramic or glass pipes, or traditionally laid out from solid clay bricks. Let's briefly look at all these types:

Brick chimney - least expensive, but not the most effective option. And the process of laying it is quite labor-intensive. Recently, for better removal of flue gases inside brick chimney insert a special insert steel pipe.

Steel chimney, the most common and available today, consists of two pipes round section of various diameters. Outer pipe made of stainless or galvanized steel, and the inner one is made of stainless steel. Such a chimney is called coaxial. We are already a little familiar with it from the article Selecting, installing and maintaining a chimney. Between the pipes there is a fibrous insulation with a thickness of at least 50 mm. A prefabricated steel chimney is quite easy to install, relatively lightweight and does not require the construction of a foundation. Therefore, I immediately want to warn readers against low-quality homemade products in this area. The point is that on construction markets you can find “home-made” coaxial chimneys. Trying to save money, “craftsmen” place ordinary heat-insulating wool in the gap of such a chimney instead of heat-resistant wool specially designed for this purpose. The heat resistance limits of these materials are not comparable. The conclusion suggests itself.

A more complex modular ceramic chimney consists of 3 layers:

internal ceramic liner, external elements (blocks) made of lightweight concrete and insulation between these layers. This design is more durable and provides high level thermal protection. However, installation of a ceramic chimney requires highly qualified performers.

Glass chimney- the most expensive and difficult option, but looks very impressive and stylish. It is typically used for island fireplaces. Glass chimneys are resistant to corrosion and high temperatures, as well as good draft and thermal efficiency. The installation of such a chimney is trusted only to professional performers, since it is necessary highest quality works

Chimney thermal insulation

The chimney must be reliably insulated. Between it and the house structures (ceiling, roof access) a fireproof cut made of non-combustible material (for example, stone wool) should be provided. The thickness of the cutting depends on the type of fireplace and chimney design.

Thermal insulation of the chimney is necessary to:

1. prevent heating of the walls in contact with the chimney;
2. avoid rapid cooling of combustion products due to cooling of the chimney;
3. keep the house warm (i.e. increase the efficiency of the fireplace);
4. prevent the formation of condensation inside the chimney. Condensation of water vapor and resins will inevitably appear when the temperature of the flue gases decreases if the thermal protection is insufficient.

Brick chimneys are insulated with rolls of stone fiber, but more often they are plastered using reinforcing mesh. Round metal and ceramic pipes are wrapped in a roll of thermal insulation and covered with a stainless steel sheet on top. Sometimes instead metal sheet They also use grid plastering. We will talk about insulation materials below.

Why does a fireplace need thermal insulation?

When building a fireplace, you should pay close attention to its thermal insulation, especially for the chimney and those surfaces that are located close to the walls.

If the house is brick or made of foam or aerated concrete, and the fireplace in it is not insulated, this can lead to the finishing and even the walls themselves cracking and collapsing. And in log or frame houses a fireplace without thermal insulation can cause a fire in wooden structures.

The operation of the fireplace directly depends on how well the thermal insulation is arranged and the materials chosen for this purpose. In addition, this is a fire safety issue, so it is not worth saving on insulation and its installation.

The most significant indicator of the quality of insulation is its thermal conductivity. The lower the thermal conductivity coefficient of a material, the greater its ability to retain heat in a structure. This coefficient is the criterion for choosing insulation. Of course, such properties as durability, non-flammability, cost, etc. are also important.

Materials for thermal insulation of fireplaces

TO modern materials for the installation of thermal insulation of the fireplace and chimney include:

• stone, mullite-siliceous and siliceous fibers and products made from them,
• superizol,
• superpowers,
• vermiculite boards,
• gypsum fiber sheets,
• mineralite, etc.

Stone fiber

Stone fiber is produced in the form of thermal insulation boards and rolls. It comes standard and with a foil surface. The latter can withstand heating temperatures up to +7500 °C. Such fiber is obtained by melting a mixture of gabbro-diabase rocks taken in a certain ratio with limestone or marl. The resulting fibers are glued together with a small amount of binder, lightly pressed into piece products and metal foil is applied to one side.

Stone fiber slabs:

• fire resistant,
• hydrophobic
• resistant to rotting
• durable,
• in the event of a fire, the destruction of the building’s load-bearing structures is delayed for some time.

To insulate fireplaces, special rigid boards coated (on one side) with aluminum foil are most often used, for example Fire Batts ROCKWOOL FIREPLACE BATTS (Rockwool), PS17 (Ragos), "TECHNO T80" (TechnoNIKOL).

Mullite-silica glass fiber

MKRR-130, more often it is called ceramic, and even more often - kaolin wool. This is a heat-insulating material obtained by melting a mixture of technical alumina and pure quartz sand and blowing the melt of this mixture onto fibers.

Fiberglass is produced in the form of piece products - slabs and rolls, as well as in the form of lump wool, packed in boxes or bags. The binder is usually refractory clay, aluminous cement, liquid glass, organosilicon compounds. The average density of piece products is 80-130 kg/m³. They differ:

• low thermal conductivity,
• high heat and temperature resistance,
• low heat capacity,
• flexibility (which ensures a tight fit of the insulation to the insulated surface),
• good sound insulation.

Application temperature: long-term - up to +1150 °C, short-term - up to +1250 °C. However, it should be borne in mind that the cost of such fiber is quite high.

Superizol

Superizol (in Belgium - "Skamotek 225", in Germany - Silka) is an effective and durable slab insulation based on calcium silicate with a fine-porous structure and application temperatures up to +1000...+1200 °C. It is characterized by low average density, is environmentally friendly and easy to process.

It is easy to install, easily glued to insulated surfaces with IZOLGLUE glue, it is secured with self-tapping screws or a system connections G-K. You can cut a super-isol board with a regular saw.

Superizol is used for almost all insulation work when installing fireplaces. In particular, for thermal insulation of the chimney passage through the ceiling, walls and roof, adjacent walls behind fireplaces, lining of fireplace inserts, etc.

Vermiculite boards

They are obtained by pressing a mixture of expanded vermiculite grains (layered hydromica) with an inorganic silicate binder. Foreign analogues- vermiculite thermal insulation boards Thermax (Austria), GRENAR-ISOL (Czech Republic) and Scamol (Denmark). The average density of the slabs is 650-900 kg/m³, the thermal conductivity coefficient is no more than 0.13 W/(m.deg).

Vermiculite boards are characterized by:

• high fire resistance indicators,
• durability,
• rigidity,
• ease of processing,
• environmental safety,
• decorativeness.

The maximum temperature for their use is +1100 °C. But the material is fragile, easily crumbles and breaks, so it requires careful handling during installation.

Superpower

Supersil (Supersil) - heat, electrical and sound insulating, fireproof, environmentally friendly pure material made of silica fiber without a binder, recommended for use at temperatures up to +1200 °C. At low medium density it is different:

• sufficient strength,
• flexibility,
• ease of machining.

However, it is quite expensive. It is made in the form of rolls (stitched with silica thread without lining, covered with silica fabric or aluminum foil on one or both sides), as well as in the form of durable multilayer material from cross-linked silica fabrics, etc.

Gypsum fiber sheets

Gypsum fiber sheet (GVL) is produced by pressing a homogeneous mixture of cellulose fiber (fluffed waste paper) and gypsum binder. Possesses:

• density 1000-1200 kg/m³,
• high strength,
• durability,
• ability to maintain properties under any operating conditions,
• surface smoothness,
• hydrophobicity,
• water resistance,
• fire resistance.

At the same time, GVL is environmentally friendly and, importantly, inexpensive. In combination with insulation it can form a durable heat-insulating fireproof structure. It is used both for the construction of the fireplace itself and for thermal insulation of walls and floors near it. Gypsum fiber sheet cannot be bent, so it is not used when constructing chimneys.

Minerite

These are large-sized panels based on fiber cement (1200-3600) x (450-1500) x 6 mm with the ability of a solid surface to self-clean. The composition of mineralite includes:

1. cement (90% of total mass),
2. mineral fillers: mica, limestone and cellulose fibers.

The plates are characterized by increased impact resistance, do not burn, do not absorb moisture, do not rot, and are decorative. Application temperature - up to +1100 °C. They can be lined ceramic tiles, wallpaper, paint.

Installation and maintenance of the slabs is extremely simple. They are used to insulate walls when constructing fireplaces as fire protection and thermal insulation.

Methods for thermal protection of house walls from the heat of a fireplace

1. Boards that can withstand high temperatures are attached to the wall (for example, made of stone or mullite-silica fiber, gypsum fiber sheets or mineralite). Aluminum foil is attached to them. It will reflect the heat flow coming from the fireplace, due to which the heat spreads throughout the room. The advantages of this method: easy to implement and does not require large financial outlays. Minus: A wall covered in foil is unattractive.
2. A multilayer structure consisting of slats is mounted on the wall, between which slabs of temperature-resistant insulation are laid. Sheets of heat-resistant plasterboard or gypsum fiber board are attached to the slats, which are finished with facing material - ceramic tiles, artificial stone etc.

In what order should the fireplace and chimney be insulated?

The first stage is determining the type of work and the procedure for carrying it out, selecting materials and calculating their quantity. To optimize costs, you need to calculate how much and what kind of building materials will be needed for thermal insulation. Find out where you can buy them cheaper without losing quality. Increase the calculated quantity, for example, by 3-5%, since during the installation of materials they may be damaged.

The operation of the fireplace and chimney is associated with the combustion process and high temperatures, and their design requires very serious attention.

Therefore, carry out work on installing a fireplace strictly in accordance with the requirements of SP 7.13130.2013 “Heating, ventilation and air conditioning. Fire safety requirements » , which provides the principles for constructing stove chimneys and the rules for installing insulation from a fire safety point of view. Good luck! published

If you have any questions on this topic, ask them to the experts and readers of our project.

Modern fireplaces- with factory fireboxes, cladding and chimney kits - less susceptible to the influence of the “human factor” than traditional brick structures, completely built by hand.

But also finished products there is a weak point - installation, especially issues related to the thermal insulation of the firebox, on which the performance of the fireplace and the safety of the home directly depend.

Materials for thermal insulation of fireplace inserts

Some “craftsmen” use it as the main, and sometimes the only material for thermal insulation of the fireplace - even in wooden houses- cheap mineral wool and mineralite.

However, the first begins to collapse when the firebox operates at peak power, the second allows a lot of heat to pass through, which leads to charring and, if measures are not taken, to fire adjacent to the fireplace wooden partitions and walls.

Professional installers use the following insulation materials:

• Calcium silicate slabs(popular brands are SilCa and Super Isol, also known as Scamotec). The material is attractive due to its light weight combined with strength and fire resistance. The slabs do not deform from heat and cold (t from -200 to +1100 °C), and are not afraid of moisture. Ideal for cladding walls behind the firebox and for creating fireplace surrounds, including complex shapes.
• Gypsum fiber sheets (Knauf). GVL are characterized by increased hardness and strength. Used for the construction of protective false walls and simple-shaped fireplace mantles.
• Basalt wool(Knauf, Paroc, Rockwool). This is high-quality cotton wool that does not sinter and does not sag over time. Operating temperature - up to 750 °C.
• Silica wool(Supersil) - a more fire resistant alternative basalt wool. The material does not contain a binder, the “weak link” of other mineral wool insulation materials, so silica wool can withstand temperatures up to 1200 °C.

You can line the firebox with brick or stone the old-fashioned way. But such structures are heavy and create additional load on the floors. Of the new materials, calcium silicate is the most interesting.

The slabs can be plastered, painted, faced with ceramics and “wild” stone.

General rules for installing thermal insulation of a fireplace insert

• There must be a gap of at least 5 cm between the fireplace insert and the insulation for unhindered air circulation. Also in the thermal insulation structure you need ventilation ducts, through which heated air will enter the room.
• Heat-resistant glue is needed to hold the materials together. Plates can also be connected with metal screws. Seal seams and joints: between slabs - with hot-melt adhesive or fire-resistant mastic, between sections of mineral wool seals - with fire-resistant foil tape.

The rest depends on the characteristics of the building, the fireplace insert model, and the type of cladding. Universal instructions for installation - as well as universal material- No. Therefore, it is better for non-specialists to contact experienced installers who will inspect the house, make measurements and calculations, and then offer materials and a thermal insulation scheme.

A fireplace in your home is an opportunity to enjoy warmth around the clock. But it is not enough to establish a fireplace; it is important to create conditions for its safe and efficient work. For this purpose, thermal insulation of fireplaces is carried out: chimney, firebox, walls using high-quality materials.

Why insulate the stove?

When it comes to thermal insulation of fireplaces, the question arises about its necessity. If there is no time, money or desire to spend additional work with a stove, then insulation may not be necessary. But to increase efficiency and increase service life, the work is necessary and important. And why exactly you need to make insulation should be considered for each part separately.

Fireplace insulation

• to prevent heating of walls located near the pipe;
• to increase the cooling time of the pipe, the heat from which is evenly distributed in the room;
• to prevent condensation accumulation.

Thermal insulation is also required to protect the walls adjacent to the fireplace. It is important to strengthen the load-bearing and interior design to prevent fire and damage to the finish along with the base. Insulation also increases efficiency, helping to quickly distribute heat throughout the room.

Modern materials for insulation

Thermal insulation of fireplaces and walls to protect against hot fireboxes is carried out using several materials, many of them have been developed recently and are used mainly by professionals:

Chimney insulation with basalt wool

• • Basalt wool with a foil surface - can withstand high temperatures (up to +750 degrees). Goes well with other parts of the fireplace chimney.
  • Gypsum fiber sheet - obtained by pressing cellulose fiber and natural gypsum. It is characterized by high strength, the ability to retain properties under any operating conditions, and moisture resistance. Used for thermal insulation of the furnace and furnace box, extending its service life. The disadvantage is that the sheet cannot be bent, so it is not used for a chimney.
  • Calcium silicate is a material with high thermal insulation properties. Used when arranging the firebox and fireplace box. Calcium silicate is suitable for stoves that will be decorated with shelves and niches. Thermal insulation prevents overheating additional elements, as well as the fireplace itself. The material fits well on any surface and goes well with putty. Among the shortcomings - high cost. But when arranging a fireplace in a private home, silicate is indispensable.
  • Supersil is a fabric thermal insulation material with operating temperature up to 1200 degrees. It is based on silicon oxide, which is environmentally friendly and safe. When heated, the material does not emit dangerous vapors and is suitable for insulating fireboxes, hoods and walls. The high cost prevents superpower from being used.

Cheap and practical material, suitable for self-installation, is stone mineral wool in slabs. She answers everyone necessary requirements: non-flammability, excellent thermal insulation, high temperature resistance, durability.

Thermal insulation of fireplaces and walls is carried out in several stages

• • 1. Preparation. Calculate in advance how many slabs you will need to minimize costs and reduce waste.
    2. Wall insulation with mineral wool. The wall located next to the fireplace is exposed to high temperatures. As a result of strong heating, the structure is subject to fire and damage. To ensure that the heat is retained inside the firebox and does not go outside, mineral wool with a foil surface is used. Secure the boards with high-temperature adhesive or stainless steel dowels. This method of thermal insulation is suitable for fireplaces located at a distance of no more than 50 centimeters from the wall.
    3. Insulation with multilayer construction. If it is necessary to insulate walls located at a distance of more than 50 centimeters from the fireplace, then a multilayer structure is made, consisting of the following materials: metal lath for sheathing, wooden slats, mineral wool boards, reflector (foil), heat-resistant plasterboard, facing material(tiles, stone). This method prevents the walls from overheating while maintaining their attractive appearance. appearance(which cannot be said about nailed mineral wool).
    4. Thermal insulation of wooden and stone elements. This is done to protect against overheating and further damage. To do this, pieces are cut from mineral wool the right size and glued to the parts on the side adjacent to the fireplace.
    5. Thermal insulation of the chimney. It is carried out depending on the type of structure.

Fireplace insulation

How to insulate a chimney

Having protected the walls from the hot fireplace insert, proceed to insulating the pipe. For this, one of the following materials is used:

Chimney insulation

• • • mineral wool is the most popular and sought-after material, which is convenient and inexpensive to work with;
    • glass wool - its properties are similar to mineral wool, but it is more difficult to work with;
    • brick – the use of whole and chipped specimens is allowed;
    • slag slabs - designed for insulation in unstable climatic zones.

If the fireplace and chimney are made of brick, then insulation is carried out quickly and with little financial loss. To do this, the surface is plastered using a reinforcing mesh. At the junction of the pipe and the roof, reinforce it - lay an additional layer of brick. This completes the thermal insulation.

Much more difficult to work with round pipes made of metal and ceramics. These materials overheat strongly during operation of the fireplace, and accidental touching them will inevitably lead to severe burns. Therefore, be sure to take care of insulating such pipes. This is necessary to reduce heat loss and maintain the integrity of the pipe for a long time.

Thermal insulation is carried out with non-flammable materials of dense structure. Mineral wool is ideal and is used to wrap the pipe as the first layer. The second layer of insulation is reinforced on top - stainless steel sheets. They are wrapped around the chimney and welded. Instead of stainless steel, plaster can be used.

The above method of thermal insulation increases the efficiency of the chimney, increases the service life of the structure and prevents overheating of nearby surfaces. If all the work is done correctly, then re-installation will be required after about 15 years with intensive use of the fireplace.

Video: Insulating fireplaces