Installing a deflector on the surface of the chimney helps to increase its draft, and also decorates and improves its presentation appearance the entire building. There are various types deflectors, which differ in the technological aspects of their installation. We will talk further about the features of chimney deflectors and the rules for their installation.

Features and characteristics of the chimney draft deflector

A deflector is a device that has an aerodynamic effect, which is mounted on top ventilation duct, in this case, the chimney. Its main function is to improve traction in the channels. This is achieved using a physically proven law, which states that the static thrust in a given section directly depends on the speed of air flows that move in a modified transverse channel.

With the help of a deflector, draft is improved and the efficiency of ventilation and chimney systems is increased.

The operation of the deflector installed on the chimney is based on the fact that the wind, hitting an obstacle, before moving towards the chimney, is in an area where there is low pressure, which helps improve its draft.

With the help of scientific research, it has been proven that installing a deflector on a chimney pipe improves its efficiency by at least 15%. In addition, the deflector prevents snow, moisture, debris, etc. from contaminating the inside of the chimney.

The operation of the deflector does not depend on the weather in the environment or the wind. It is capable of improving traction in all conditions.

The deflector on the chimney allows air currents to hit it with outside, then they flow around the surface of the entire device, the air, in this case, becomes rarefied. It is thanks to this that traction is significantly improved.

The principle of operation and design of the chimney deflector

Smoke exhaust systems are present in almost every home, as they are one of the most important parts that make up any heating installation.

To provide effective work thermal structures, care should be taken to proper organization influx fresh air and smoke removal.

During naturally aspirated operation of heat generators, it is the chimney that is responsible for the stability of the output of combustion products. In order to reduce the wind impact on the chimney, deflectors are used.

Installation of this device is appropriate if smoke is not properly removed from the room. There are several factors for the appearance of this unpleasant phenomenon:

the presence of gusty, strong wind, which enters the pipe and reduces draft; in addition, it prevents combustion products from being completely removed;
the chimney is incorrectly positioned or its height is too low;
incorrectly selected chimney pipe diameter.

A windproof device - a deflector, helps remove gases from the smoke channels using the wind. The deflector independently changes the wind flow in the direction it needs. Thus, with the help of the wind, it turns out not to reduce, but to increase the draft.

Installation of the deflector is possible on a channel for both individual and collective use. In addition, the scope of their use extends to:

ventilation systems;
gas installations;
garbage chute trunks.

The design of the deflector for the chimney pipe consists of:

the lower cylindrical section, for the manufacture of which pipes made of metal, asbestos or ceramics are used;
diffuser - the upper cylinder, the diameter is larger than the lower one, three or four racks are used to fix it;
an umbrella shaped like a cone.

On the upper section of the lower part of the cylinder and diffuser there are ring-type fenders, with the help of which the wind is deflected. The design of the deflector is to ensure uninterrupted exit of combustion products from the chimney and improve draft.

Galvanized steel is used to make the diffuser and deflector umbrella.

The principle of operation of the deflector is as follows:

when the wind is exposed to the surface from above, gases are sucked in by the lower annular section;
if the wind begins to act from the lower part, then the gases are removed through the upper hole;
if the wind influence has a horizontal direction, then the traction improves through two rings at once.

The most ineffective operation of the deflector is observed when there is an upper wind influence on the chimney. At the same time, the wind is reflected with the help of an umbrella. All types of deflectors have this disadvantage. To eliminate it, in the process of making an umbrella, it should be made in the form of not one, but two conical parts, the connections of which occur with the part where the base is located. Thus, with the help of the lower cone, air and smoke flows are reflected.

Chimney deflector - varieties

In relation to design features and shape, deflectors are divided into:

devices with a flat top;
deflectors in which the lid opens;
with the presence of two slopes on the surface of the pipe, that is, with a gable-type cover;
with a semicircular pommel.

In the exterior of a house built in modern style a deflector version is used that has a flat top, which is made of a copper composition.

In addition, a version of the cap with a semicircular top is quite popular.

The deflector, which has a gable cover, provides reliable protection chimney from dust or precipitation.

Galvanized steel is used in the manufacturing process of the deflector. Although there are purchased versions of deflectors in which the metal is coated with plastic or enamel.

There are a huge number of structural deflectors:

1. Using a Tsaga deflector allows you to increase draft in the ventilation and smoke ducts. This deflector is distinguished by the presence of a cylinder; they come in round and rectangular sections. In order for the deflector to function smoothly, it is installed at a distance of 100-159 cm above the roof.

Main components of this type the deflector is the presence of:

inlet pipe;
diffuser;
brackets;
body part;
umbrella

2. The deflector called “Smoke tooth” is different individual characteristics installation, which involve its installation using a door to the smoke collector. One end of it is inserted behind the wall, and the other is raised and installed on the chimney. To facilitate installation, care should be taken to remove the futerose plates located on the rear and side walls. In addition, there are two handles on this deflector, which are called “ cold hand”, it is with their help that the operation of the stove is adjusted and controlled.

3. Particularly popular is the use of the Grigorovich deflector, which does an excellent job of improving draft both on chimneys and on ventilation openings. This deflector has simple design, so it’s quite possible to do it yourself. This deflector includes a lower cylinder, which includes two pipes, an upper cylinder, a conical part and fasteners - two brackets.

To manufacture this type of deflector, it is better to use tin, galvanized steel or special steel intended for the construction of boilers. If it is not possible to purchase these materials, they are replaced with cheaper ones alternative options, only the service life of the deflector, in this case, is significantly reduced.

In addition to these options, chimney deflectors are spherical, star-shaped, open, and round. According to their purpose, deflectors are divided into devices:

for standard chimneys;
deflector for gas chimney;
for ventilation systems;
for garbage chutes.

Do-it-yourself deflector for a chimney pipe: manufacturing features

Each of their deflectors has custom sizes, which must meet certain parameters. For example, when calculating the height of the deflector, you should take into account the fact that it should be 1.6 parts in relation to internal size chimney, and the calculation of the width is 1.8 parts.

In addition, 1.2 is the width of the deflector. To build a deflector with your own hands you will need material in the form of:

galvanized steel;
copper;
stainless steel.

Although the purchase of these materials is expensive, it is best to give preference to them, since the deflector is most susceptible to external irritants in the form of wind, ultraviolet radiation and precipitation. Most best option- use of copper. We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the instructions for making a deflector with your own hands:

1. Before you start building a deflector, you should take care of taking measurements from the chimney and creating a drawing of the chimney deflector.

2. First, a diagram of all the parts that make up the deflector is drawn on cardboard paper.

3. They are transferred to the metal surface and, using special scissors, are cut out according to the specified workpiece.

4. Rivets, bolts or welding will help connect the necessary parts together.

5. Brackets are formed from steel strips, which are used to fix the cap.

6. The conical part of the deflector is installed on the cap.

First, the deflector itself is assembled, which is then mounted on the chimney. Next comes the installation of the lower cylinder, which is secured with bolts. Then the diffuser is fixed on it; clamps are used for this purpose. A cap with a reverse cone is installed on the surface of the diffuser.

Design features of the weather vane deflector

There is an option for manufacturing a weather vane deflector, which is distinguished by the presence of a rotating body part. It contains deflector canopies, a bearing assembly and a weather vane itself, which is responsible for the rotation of the deflector.

The principle of operation of this device is the passage of air flows through the inter-visor space, thus diluting and accelerating the air. This has a positive effect on increasing draft in the chimney, on the rate of fuel combustion and on improving air exchange, in the presence of additional ventilation.

With the help of these deflectors it is possible to prevent reverse thrust, formation of sparks and flame failure.

For self-made the design will require fixing the deflector at the edge of the chimney using rings with a bearing assembly.

Although there are weather vane deflectors of various designs, they are characterized by rapid deterioration due to the fact that the elements responsible for rotation fail. They are negatively affected by corrosion and pollution. In addition, in autumn and spring, the metal parts of the weather vane are exposed to condensed masses, which, when frozen in winter time, the weather vane stops working. Therefore, their use in regions with harsh winters is impractical.

Do-it-yourself deflector manufacturing technology

two cylinders located at the bottom and top of the device;
pipe;
conical part;
two brackets.

Before constructing the deflector, it is necessary to determine the size of the deflectors, for which it is necessary to measure the diameter of the chimney pipe, the mounting location and the height of the structure.

To work you will need:

metal sheet;
metal scissors;
fasteners such as bolts, nuts, rivets;
scribers;
thick cardboard base;
ordinary scissors.

In order not to spoil the expensive steel, a cardboard mock-up of the deflector is first cut out and adjusted to the dimensions of the chimney. Next, using a previously prepared layout, all metal parts are cut out. To do this, cardboard blanks are applied to steel and traced using a scriber.

Metal scissors will help you cut out the elements. All parts are connected using metal rivets, bolts and nuts. Steel strips are used to make brackets.

After preparing everyone the necessary details The deflector is assembled:

a lower cylindrical element is mounted on the chimney pipe, which is secured with bolts;
the diffuser is fixed on it;
The brackets help secure the surface of the return cone and cap.

Tip: If there is too large diameter chimney pipe, to reduce it, a metal wire is used, which is wound around the deflector.

Among the advantages of manufacturing this deflector design are:

good protection of the chimney from debris and weathering;
duration of operation;
increasing the efficiency of the chimney.

Among the disadvantages of this deflector are:

imperfect design;
difficulties arise in taking measurements and manufacturing.

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Chimney deflector

The system that removes smoke from heating devices and appliances is considered one of the most important components heating equipment, which is equally important when arranging comfort and coziness in a residential building.

A proper chimney system performs two main functions: the removal of all elements released during fuel combustion, and the correct and high-quality air flow. Special attention it is worth paying attention to those chimneys that do not have forced pressurization, which forces you to spend more time on calculations and construction of such systems.

Their main problem can be considered strong air currents in the environment, which disrupt draft and correct work chimney This leads to improper operation of thermal generators and smoke in the living room or boiler room. This problem can be corrected with the help of a deflector on the chimney, which is able to establish draft and exhaust in a non-forced system.

Possible problems associated with system smoke

Most often, smoke in the chimney system occurs for the following reasons:

strong wind gusts, as a result of which air under strong pressure penetrates into the pipe, which causes a decrease in traction force and smoke in the living room;
the smoke passage is too narrow, which is not able to supply the system the right level traction;
insufficient lifting height of the chimney pipe, which does not allow the formation of the required pressure and draft force in the pipe.

Statistical type deflectors are designed specifically to solve all these problems, allowing the chimney to work extremely correctly and efficiently. The use of this element of the system is relevant for private or collective ventilation and chimney systems. As a rule, there are no restrictions on the use of this auxiliary device if its location does not interfere with other functions of the chimney.

Purpose and use of deflectors

As a rule, chimney systems are considered the most important element of the entire heating system, because it is the operation of the chimney that affects the process of fuel combustion and the removal of all combustion products from the system and the house in particular.

The whole work process heating boiler depends on the quality of air flow and the complete removal of smoke from the system. Without the proper amount of oxygen, the combustion process is impossible, and food residues in a living space can seriously harm the health of residents.

In order to organize correct level draft in the system, you need to know some of the features of the chimney, the design and organization of which must be correct. First of all, it is worth considering the required cross-section of the pipe intended for air inflow and outlet. Important factors include the height of the chimney and its configuration. Now let's look at these requirements in more detail.

The choice of the required cross-section directly depends on the power of the thermal energy generator. The smoke exhaust duct or passage itself must be of a vertical type and straight enough so as not to create air jams during operation.

The height of the pipe should not be less than 0.5 m above the level of the ridge element of the roof structure.

In the event that compliance with these requirements does not produce a tangible result, it is worth resorting to the use of a deflector, which is mounted on top part chimney pipe.

The principle of operation of the deflector is to use the wind as an additional tool in leveling or increasing the level of draft in the system. Externally it looks like this. At the end of the pipe, a part of the system is installed that has a larger internal diameter than the chimney itself.

A strong wind allows you to create a rarefied space in the deflector, into which all combustion products remaining in the chimney move.

Among other things, the deflector also has additional useful features, which have a positive effect on the entire operation of the chimney duct. With the help of such an element, you can protect the system from rainwater and snow getting into it in winter. As a rule, this helps the system function efficiently in any weather.

Types and principles of design and operation of deflectors

Deflectors can be made in several generally accepted configurations and designs:

TsAGI type deflectors;
round type deflector (Volper);
deflector designed by Grigorovich;
open and H-shaped deflector.

The deflector itself has a design consisting of several separate parts. These parts include the lower type cylinder, diffuser and umbrella. The diffuser has the form of a cylinder located at the top of the element, and the umbrella protects the chimney from rain and snow getting into it. As a rule, deflectors are made from galvanized steel, which eliminates the possibility of metal corrosion by such debris.

The operation of the deflector does not have any features in its concept that even a novice master is not able to master. The wind flow goes around the entire deflector, colliding with it. This allows air to penetrate into the upper cylinder of the deflector, increasing the draft in the chimney and drawing out all the smoke stagnant in the system. Due to the intensive movement of air inside the deflector, the traction force increases several times.

The design of this element allows you to increase thrust even when the wind flow moves in a vertical direction. For this purpose, there are special gaps in the upper part of the cylinder through which air penetrates into the ventilation and chimney systems.

It is worth taking into account such a thing as a downwind wind, which can make it difficult to remove smoke and reduce the level of draft in the chimney. Due to this wind flow, multi-directional wind flows are formed under the deflector umbrella, which clog the entire pipe.

Protection of deflectors from low winds

Due to the presence of this feature of wind flows, deflectors began to be equipped with special protective devices that help increase the level of draft in the pipe in any weather. To do this, an axis is installed inside the chimney on two bearings located at different levels.

A semi-cylindrical screen, a weathervane and a cover are installed on the axis. It is this design that protects the entire chimney from the effects of the lower wind flow.

After the direction of the wind flow changes, the weather vane rotates, thereby closing the chimney from the wrong wind flow. Thus, any direction and strength of the wind is not able to block the path of the exhaust smoke, and the draft in the chimney remains the same power.

Do not forget that the deflectors are designed for round pipes, which can become a problem if you have an old brick pipe with a square cross-section. In order to solve this problem, special pipes are used that act as adapters.

For chimneys with large square section, which are built for fireplace heating systems, it is necessary to use adapters in the form of spacer legs that connect the pipe and the deflector itself. These legs are made of metal strips that can be galvanized or high-quality painted.

Brick pipes require an appropriate transition with an inlet in the desired direction, which allows you to connect a round deflector and a square chimney. In other words, it is not difficult to secure this element of the chimney system in the presence of any type and shape of chimney structures.

You don’t have to buy a deflector at a hardware store, because you can make it extremely easily with your own with my own hands. To do this, you need to calculate the size and shape of the element, after which you can begin the manufacturing process.

On galvanized sheet steel it is necessary to draw the upper and lower cylinders of the future deflector, which is easy to do using a regular a simple pencil. You can cut out the necessary elements using metal scissors, which can easily cope with this task.

Once these two parts have been cut and filed, which is required to properly join the two edges of one part, you can begin to secure these edges. As a rule, a welding machine, bolts or rivets are used for this.

It’s worth noting right away that connecting a galvanized steel workpiece using welding machine extremely difficult, because it burns through thin metal quite quickly. It is for this reason that rivets or small bolts are most often used.

The finished cone cap must be secured to the upper cylinder of the deflector. This is done using small brackets made of the same sheet steel. The brackets are secured to the pipe using rivets. Do not forget that the brackets should only be attached to outside deflector so as not to create additional interference in its internal part for proper air flow and smoke extraction.

A reverse type cone must be attached to the element umbrella. In addition, the assembly of all parts of the deflector must be carried out directly on the pipe itself, which will allow for high-quality installation and fastening of each individual part of the structure.

Otherwise, it is possible to connect two elements of the system poorly, which will subsequently cause a malfunction of the structure and the entire chimney as a whole. In some cases, make this design on our own It's simply impossible.

As a rule, this happens when brick chimneys, which require high-quality adapters or racks. From this we can conclude that it is much simpler, more profitable and faster to buy this inexpensive element of the system than to try to make it yourself.

It is worth recalling that only galvanized steel can be used to make the deflector, which successfully resists the formation of rust, which negatively affects the life and quality of service of such a system element.

Smoke exhaust structures are the same important elements thermal installations, as well as stoves, fireplaces and boilers running on organic fuel. They are simply necessary: after all, for the proper functioning of the heating system, it is necessary to provide an optimal output of combustion products. If the chimney for the heat generator is made and designed correctly, it should provide a stable and natural discharge of combustion products, operating without pressurization. Otherwise, if these rules are not followed, you can create a special barrier in the path of wind flows and use a device such as a chimney deflector. This will make it possible to restore and increase traction, as well as continue the combustion procedure.

Causes of pipe smoke

The main causes of smoke, as a rule, can be named three points:

Incorrectly selected (very small) cross-sectional size of the chimney pipe.

Blowing in chimney(which very often happens during gusty and strong winds), and besides this, there is pressure on the smoke that comes out of the chimney, as a result of which the draft drops significantly and a little smoke remains inside.

Low height and poor installation of the chimney on the roof.

All about the deflector

Purpose of the deflector

— Deflectors should provide increased traction by deflecting air flows. Various designs deflectors carry out the same procedure - the appearance of an area low pressure when ambient air flows around an obstacle. At the same time, the wind does not disrupt the draft, but only enhances it.

— Using a deflector, you can achieve a significant increase in the efficiency of the pipe (up to 20%).

— A deflector for the chimney of a gas boiler, fireplace, stove... protects the smoke exhaust channel from snow and rain, as well as various debris, etc.

Tip: Installing a deflector on a chimney will give an excellent increase in draft if the chimney is not straight, but with two to four turns.

Using a deflector

Today, a deflector on a chimney pipe is used as a special air exhaust system for these structures:

— garbage chute trunks:

— outlets for the emission of all waste combustion products (from the operation of a generator, gas water heater, solid fuel boilers..);

— collective and individual chimneys;

— individual and collective natural ventilation channels.

Deflector options

There are deflectors of various designs:

Grigorovich deflector;
TsAGI deflector;
defl. H-shaped;
defl. star ("Shenard");
round defl. "Volper";
Astato open deflector.

Deflector structure

It consists of the following components:

- umbrella - or cone-shaped;

- lower cylinder;

- diffuser - upper cylinder.

Installing a deflector on a chimney

— The deflector is made from galvanized iron.

— The work of the lower cylinder is usually performed by a ceramic, metal or asbestos-cement chimney, on which the deflector itself is installed.

Tip: The diffuser, cap and return cone can be assembled independently using aluminum rivets or specially welded. resistance welding using a riveter.

Important: the patterns of the elements depend on the diameter of the chimney. pipes, but the proportions of the dimensions of the deflector parts must be strictly adhered to.

How does a deflector work?

The deflector works like this:

Air flows, when they hit the walls of the upper cylinder, bend around it from all sides.
The other part of the air flow, moving along the surface of the cylinder, turns upward and immediately sucks in all the smoke flying out of the pipe both from below and from above.
The movement in the pipe becomes very active and the thrust increases accordingly.
When the wind does not blow in a horizontal direction, but from bottom to top, or from top to bottom, at an angle, the chimney deflector helps increase draft. The wind passes through the gaps into the upper cylinder and sucks the smoke that enters into the chimney.
The only negative that is present in all deflectors is noted at the moment when the downwind blows: vortices form under the hood, slowing down and preventing the smoke from escaping.

Advice: When a downwind occurs, you need to place a reverse cone under the hood (umbrella), with its help you can reflect air currents with smoke, in particular, cut them and bring them out.

Deflector operation with wind protection system

A chimney deflector with wind protection (or weather vane) works like this:

— When the direction of the wind changes, the weather vane turns, and then the curtain that shields the chimney from the wind begins to spin along with it, so smoke can come out of the leeward side of the chimney without any obstacles.

— Wind currents, sliding along the top of the semi-cylindrical screen, suck it in, thus increasing the draft.

Tip 1: In order for the wind vane to rotate easily and freely along with the blade, the deflector bearings must be constantly lubricated, and in winter, ice deposits that arise when steam condenses, simultaneously escaping from the chimney with smoke, must be removed.

Tip 2: A chimney deflector with a windproof function is good to buy and use in southern, warmer areas, where winters are not so severe and there are many more sunny days.

Features of using deflectors

Fixing the deflector of chimneys with a round cross-section to rectangular or square chimneys brick pipes, occurs with the help of pipes (transitional).

Transition from square pipe shapes to round sections the deflector occurs only with a gradual inflow of brickwork.

If the chimney has a large cross-section, then special supports or legs made of strip steel are attached to the deflectors.

Deflectors should be used for those fireplace stoves that operate only on solid fuel.

All chimneys, regardless of the material of manufacture and configuration of the chimney structure, are equipped with special devices to protect the chimney from exposure environment called deflectors. Read the instructions on how to clean the chimney from soot.

What is it and what is it for?

The chimney deflector is structurally metal product, as a rule, cylindrical in shape, reminiscent of a kind of cap. The deflector performs several basic practical functions, and additionally a decorative function (used as a chimney decoration). The deflector protects the chimney from turbulence, thereby creating optimal conditions for high levels of traction under significant wind loads. In addition, the deflector is equipped with an additional insert (plate) that prevents precipitation and foreign objects from entering the chimney pipe.

Technical characteristics

Deflectors can have very different top shapes:

deflectors can be flat;
deflectors can be conical;
deflectors may have gable roof etc.

Types of deflectors

The chimney deflector, used to increase draft, consists of a cylinder, a diffuser, and an umbrella. The design of the deflector is designed in such a way that, in any direction of the wind, it can be diverted to the side, while ensuring effective removal fuel combustion products.

Weather vane - the deflector on the chimney has original design, allowing the deflector to rotate when exposed to wind currents.

Turbine deflectors for chimneys, unlike weather vanes, deflectors rotate only in one specific direction, converting and using wind energy to increase draft in the chimney channel.

When installing a deflector on a chimney made of brick, you will need additional installation of a special transition with an inlet in the desired direction, allowing you to connect a chimney of square or rectangular cross-section with a deflector having a round shape.

For chimneys of gas boilers the best option There will be a rotational (turbine) deflector installed.

An H-shaped chimney deflector is effective in gusty winds typical for the area.

Additionally, the chimney deflector can be equipped with a spark arrester, which is metal mesh located under the deflector cover.

When installing a deflector hood on a chimney, make sure that it is equipped with a drip line that drains the resulting condensate outside the chimney pipe.

Photo

There are practically no restrictions for installing a deflector on a chimney. The deflector can be installed both on individual chimneys and on the chimneys of collective chimney systems.

In a situation where there is a risk of fire roofing material, from sparks falling from the chimney, it is recommended to install deflectors equipped with spark arresters.

Design and calculation

The deflector device has its own design features, which should be adhered to when calculating the parameters of the product, otherwise the deflector will not perform its functions based on aerodynamic laws.

When calculating the dimensions of the product, it is necessary to keep in mind that the height should be 1.6 - 1.7 part of the internal diameter of the chimney pipe, the width of the hood should be 1.9 part, the width of the diffuser should be 1.2-1.3 part.

How to make?

The deflector manufacturing process can be divided into several stages:

preparation of the pattern (a scan of the main elements of the deflector is applied to the cardboard according to the calculations performed);
patterns are transferred to sheet metal;
parts are cut out;
the cut parts are connected to each other, either by welding or by means of fasteners;
it is additionally necessary to make steel brackets; they will be needed to attach the cap to the surface of the chimney;
a cap is assembled from parts (it is recommended to make the cap in the form of a reverse cone).

Cost of a chimney deflector

Prices for deflectors vary, depending on the diameter of the product, from 400 rubles/piece. up to RUB 1,500/piece

Video

Watch the video for a description of the deflector - spark dye in the video:

During the research work It was found that equipping a chimney with a deflector increases the efficiency of the chimney system by twenty percent.

A pipe for removing smoke from a stove or boiler in a private home requires a special device installed at the very top. Without this device, the chimney does not work well. We are talking about a deflector. It turns out that it is easy to build it yourself. Let's look at the principle of operation of this product, its types and methods of making it yourself.

Why do you need a deflector?

The purpose of the device is obvious - the product increases the draft of the stove and at the same time protects the heating installation from snow, rain and dirt. Without a deflector, the wind blows out the stream of escaping smoke, causing an obstacle or even resistance. The heat generator's draft drops.

Experienced data suggests that the presence of the described device on the pipe of a private house provides an increase in efficiency heating installation. The amount of such winnings is up to 20%.

How does a deflector work?

Let's look at the operating principle of the described structure using a simple example. This deflector has an outer (upper) cylinder and an umbrella.

The simplest deflector consists of a body (deflector) and an umbrella

During its operation the following processes occur:

The wind carries air masses. They hit the outer cylinder.
Then the flows swirl along its surface.
Some of them, rising after swirling above the outer cylinder, pick up smoke from the stove. Traction increases.
The umbrella, in turn, prevents precipitation and dirt from penetrating the heat generator.

People came up with this arrangement a long time ago, so its effectiveness has been tested for years.

This umbrella design has one drawback. If the wind blows from below, it hits internal surfaces umbrella. By being reflected, air masses prevent smoke from escaping. But similar phenomenon possible only with rare low winds. Although there is a solution to eliminate this shortcoming. It is like this - they use a secondary umbrella with reverse surfaces, that is, not convex, but concave.

Types of deflectors

There aren't many basic options.

Vane

This product consists of several interconnected visors that rotate in the wind. For such movement, a weather vane is located at the very top of the structure. Thanks to its flat surface, using the effect of a sail, it reacts to the flow of air masses and turns the entire structure behind it.

A modern deflector with a weather vane includes several visors and rotates under the influence of the wind

In many products, the direction of the wind is indicated by a special arrow-shaped pin.

The visors increase the draft of smoke from the heating unit. This is due to their location - they obstruct the wind, as if cutting it. At the same time they protect heating unit from penetration of precipitation and dirt. The advantage of this design is that it is always installed in the desired position - exactly where the wind blows. But this type of deflector has a drawback. The rotation of the visors is ensured by a bearing, but it is short-lived and requires periodic lubrication. And in cold weather the mechanism can jam.

The following design is based on the use of additional pipe sections.

The use of H-shaped deflectors is only justified in regions with strong wind loads

These elements are arranged in the shape of the letter "H". Hence the name: “H-shaped”. It is clear that in this case it is impossible for precipitation to enter the chimney due to the horizontally located pipe. Two vertical element on the sides of the structure provide an increase in smoke draft from the heat generator. Gases from combustion products are picked up by air masses and blown out simultaneously in several directions. The described design is often used in regions with constant strong winds. However, in temperate climates the effectiveness of such a device is low.

Spark arrestor

There are also types of devices that are used to get rid of combustion products remaining in the smoke. Usually, for this purpose, a classic deflector with a cylinder and an umbrella is equipped with a mesh. It extinguishes sparks.

A fine-mesh mesh prevents hot sparks from escaping beyond the spark arrestor deflector

This happens like this: combustion products hit the edges of the cells. When colliding with such an obstacle, the sparks immediately die out. The described advantage attracts owners whose chimney is located next to trees or other flammable objects. The mesh surface of this deflector can be integral with the walls of the cylinder, or it can be a horizontal barrier inside the pipe in the path of smoke.

The spark arrester has one drawback: if it is manufactured incorrectly this design may, contrary to its intended purpose, reduce cravings.

This is one of the most common options. It was developed at the Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute. The abbreviation of this establishment is in the name of the product. This deflector consists of a main pipe connected to the chimney, as well as a diffuser, a wide ring and an umbrella.

The advantage of the TsAGI deflector is the low location of the umbrella: warm air comes out of the chimney channel unhindered, which greatly increases draft

The principle of operation here is simple. The wind, breaking against the surface of the ring, picks up the smoke both from above and from below. And the umbrella, located inside this outer cylinder, protects from precipitation. The advantage of the described type of deflector is precisely that the umbrella is located below the top point of the ring. Consequently, the smoke coming out from under the specified element does not experience any obstacles in the form of wind at all. Disadvantages of the design include the complexity of manufacturing.

This is the simplest option that is easy to recreate with your own hands. The assembly includes an umbrella, a diffuser and a pipe.

The Grigorovich deflector can be easily made with your own hands

The wind hits the surface of the diffuser (part of the channel in which the flow speed increases due to a change in diameter). At the same time, external air masses from above pick up the smoke. The advantage of the design is its simplicity. The disadvantage of the product is that the umbrella is located high above the diffuser, and part of the wind still blows the smoke from the side. A cylindrical body can also be rectilinear in the absence of a diffuser. Due to the simplicity of the design, the Grigorovich device does not increase traction very effectively, but it protects well from precipitation.

Which is better: a deflector or just an umbrella?

Some owners prefer not to bother. They simply fit the end of the chimney with an umbrella on a holder. The latter is made in the form of a cylinder of the same diameter as the chimney. In essence, it turns out to be the same Grigorovich deflector, but with a straight body, without a diffuser. This device does not increase traction. But it justifies itself summer cottage, Where private house not used as permanent housing. If the owners heat the stove only a few times in spring and autumn, then they will be quite happy with the option with an umbrella on a holder.

At permanent residence V country house increasing traction due to the deflector is absolutely necessary. Otherwise, approximately a fifth of the heating fuel will simply be wasted. Therefore, in this case, it is better to add at least a wind-breaking ring to the design and get a full-fledged deflector.

Making and installing a deflector with your own hands

Let us take Grigorovich's classical construction as an example. The technology for its creation is simple.

Drawing the deflector details

First, let's make a drawing.

The sketch of the deflector can be drawn with a pencil, but it is important to transfer all the dimensions of the device onto it

Dimensions are assigned in proportion to the diameter of the chimney D:

We take the height of the entire product to be approximately 1.7 x D;
The diameter of the cap at the base is considered equal to 2 x D;
make the height of the cap about 5 - 7 cm;
the larger diameter of the diffuser is also taken to be 2 x D;
the smaller diameter is considered equal to the diameter of the chimney;
We take the height of the diffuser equal to 1.3 x D.

We assign the remaining sizes at our own discretion - as is more convenient.

Required Tools

To work we will need the following tools:

metal scissors;
hammer;
pliers;
rivet gun;
roulette;
pencil;
cardboard;
compass.

The material used is galvanized sheet 0.8 mm thick.

Step-by-step guide to assembling the deflector

The instructions for making the Grigorovich deflector are as follows:

On cardboard we draw in full size all the developments of the three elements of the product. To do this, take the drawing and mentally unfold the diffuser, pipe and cap on a plane. How to do this? With the pipe, everything is clear - you get a rectangle in which one of the sides is equal to the circumference. But with cones it’s more difficult. For them, take the value of the base radius R and the length of the inclined side L. Then the sweep angle is equal to 180 x (R/L).
The sweep angle is calculated using a fairly simple formula
Then we draw these three patterns and cut them out with scissors. To be sure, so as not to make mistakes in the developments, you can first assemble a model of the deflector from cardboard.
In order to check the correctness of cutting, first the model can be assembled from cardboard
We cut out the galvanized sheet along the resulting contours on the cardboard. To do this, we apply the patterns to the corresponding blanks. Each time we leave 10 mm on any edge. This is the reserve for connecting nodes. Draw the outlines with a pencil or marker.
We cut out the blanks with metal scissors. We receive in expanded form all the elements of the deflector - diffuser, cylinder and cap. We prepare the part holders in the same way. To do this, we cut five strips of 20 mm wide from galvanized sheet. We make three stripes to secure the umbrella. Their length is equal to the height of this element relative to the diffuser. Plus a centimeter margin on the tip for securing. Two strips are needed to fasten the interlocking edges of the umbrella and diffuser unfolds.
Using metal scissors, you can carefully cut a galvanized sheet according to the markings.

By folding the blanks, we give them the intended shape. We fasten the closed edges using tapes and rivets or bolts and nuts. We simply overlap the closed edges of the pipe. Next, we fix the resulting assembly with the selected fasteners.

Finished parts are fastened with rivets or bolts

We install three tapes at equal distances vertically on the diffuser. We secure them with rivets or bolts. At the end of the process, we also connect these three holders with the previously assembled umbrella. The deflector is ready.

The instructions given are also suitable for the construction process of other types of installations. Only in these cases will additional nodes appear, which means the complexity will increase.

Video: how to make a chimney deflector with your own hands

Attaching the deflector to the chimney

Now let’s look directly at the process of installing the product on the chimney.

There is an easier way. You can “put” the installation on the chimney and screw it with self-tapping screws using a screwdriver. But in this case, some of the smoke will penetrate through the fastener holes. Next, we heat the heat generator and check the draft by measuring the fuel burn time.

It turns out that making a chimney deflector is not difficult. It is enough just to have metalworking skills and strictly follow the instructions given. And the product does not require any maintenance during operation. All that remains is to check whether its fastening has become loose. The benefits of the deflector are obvious - fuel savings and warmth in the house.