A chainsaw is a phenomenal device in its capabilities. There is hardly any other tool that can compete with it in terms of breadth of use. Chainsaws are intended primarily for sawing wood, but their use is not limited to this. They are widely used as a universal drive for devices of the most for various purposes. Chainsaws are used to cut metal and stone, drill wells, pump water, pull out stuck vehicles, swim, etc. The potential capabilities of chainsaws are realized using various attachments and accessories.

Such wide range Several factors contribute to the work performed by chainsaws. First of all, it is the presence of a powerful (relative to its weight), compact, reliable and unpretentious gasoline engine, capable of working in the most difficult conditions. The diaphragm type carburetor and sealed fuel supply system allow the saw to operate in different positions, except perhaps completely upside down. The successful design of the centrifugal clutch reliably protects the systems and components of the chainsaw from overloads and breakdowns. Simplicity of power take-off is also important; It is easy to connect any device to the output shaft of the tool. And finally, the advantages of a chainsaw include its autonomy, which allows it to be used anywhere.

However, do not forget that amateur chainsaws are not designed to work all day in intensive mode..

Petrol cutter attachment

One of the most popular, perhaps, is the attachment that turns a chainsaw into a gas cutter.

Its main unit is a bearing unit with a shaft, at one end of which there is a driven pulley driven by a V-belt, and at the other end there is a mandrel for securing cutting wheels. Depending on the brand of the latter, a gas cutter can cut metal, stone, brick or tile. The end part of the attachment is made with a groove for attaching it to the saw.

Debarkers

Clean the log from bark, branches and growths, select a longitudinal or transverse groove in it, cut cups in the logs during construction wooden log houses, giving a rounded surface flatness and many other operations can be performed using attachments called debarkers.

By design, debarkers are divided into drum and disk. The first ones are used mainly for removing bark from logs (cinders); the disk ones cut out mounting grooves, cups, recesses, etc.

The working part of the devices consists of a drum or cutter mounted in a bearing unit. Like most chainsaw attachments, debarkers are driven by a V-belt drive. For this purpose, there is a driven pulley on their axis. By selecting the diameters of the pulleys and changing the engine speed using the accelerator, you can obtain the optimal rotation speed of the working tool, which provides the necessary processing parameters.

The figure below shows debarkers with various shapes working tools: cutter for cutting grooves (a), flat plane (b) and spherical (d), figured cutter (c).

Pump

The nozzle designed for pumping water can be used for emergency water supply to a house, watering a garden, draining a flooded basement and foundation pit, etc. It is a conventional centrifugal pump, equipped with a bracket with holes for attaching to a chainsaw and a pulley for driving the pump turbine into rotation.

The principle of operation of this chainsaw attachment is similar to the principle of operation of all centrifugal pumps. A hose is connected to the central fitting (1), which is lowered into the water. The pressure hose is connected to the fitting (3). Before starting work, the water necessary for the pump to start pumping is poured into the plug (2). When the pump turbine is rotated, a reduced pressure is created in the suction pipe, drawing in water, which is then discharged through the pressure hose.

Boer

A motor drill is a device that is useful in any household, but it is used relatively rarely, which makes its purchase not always advisable. Purchasing a drill attachment for a chainsaw will cost less than buying a motor drill.

Chainsaw drill. Two different nozzles.

The rotation speed of the auger during drilling should be relatively low, so a gearbox is used to reduce the speed. It can be made in the form of a V-belt or worm (preferably) transmission.

Winch

A winch driven by a chainsaw can be used for a wide variety of work: pulling out stuck vehicles, moving trees, lifting and moving building materials, towing boats and boats onto land, in various emergency situations.

Its traction force depends on the power of the chainsaw and can reach 1500-2000 kg, and even more with an additional block. To perform its functions, the winch must be equipped additional accessories: a pull-out block to increase traction force and change the trajectory of movement, hooks, anchors, sling belts for securing to a tree trunk, rock, soil or car.

boat motor

A chainsaw with a special attachment can be used as outboard motor. A device installed on the boat with a three-bladed propeller and a gearbox with a gear ratio of 2:1 is capable of moving through water at speeds of up to 20 km/h with a fuel consumption of 1 l/h.

Devices for longitudinal sawing of logs
(mini sawmills)

Most chainsaw attachments are designed to longitudinal sawing logs Their differences from each other consist in the location of the cut (vertical or horizontal), the diameter of the logs being cut, the accuracy of the cut, and ease of use.

Device for vertical cutting of logs. The simplest is the device for vertical sawing of logs, shown below.

It consists of an adapter (1), attached to the tire at its base, and a guide (2), which determines the straightness of the adapter's movement. The guide is installed on the board (3), which in turn is attached to the log being cut.

The main purpose of this device for a chainsaw is to ensure the straight movement of the bar. With its help, you can not only dissolve a log into two or four parts (quarters) or cut a beam out of it, but also saw it into boards or beams. However, in the latter case, you will have to rearrange the board with the guide each time, and it will not be possible to achieve great accuracy when sawing. The unfixed end of the tire may move to the side, as a result of which constancy of parameters and complete parallelism of the sides of the beams or boards are unlikely to be achieved.

Device for horizontal cutting. Using the device shown in the photo below, logs are cut into horizontal plane. Compared to a device for vertical cutting, it has increased functionality and accuracy, allowing you to cut boards or beams of the same thickness.

Device (other) for dissolving logs into boards

The device, which is attached to the tire in two places - the beginning and the end - has a frame structure that ensures the rigidity of the device. The mounting location (1) can move along the tire. This allows you to set the required cutting width (according to the diameter of the log) - within the length of the tire. The guides (2) can be installed at any distance from the tire, thereby ensuring required thickness cut beams or boards. The first horizontal cut is carried out using a guide frame (3) mounted on the log and serving as a base surface for the guides (2). For subsequent cuts, the flat surface(4), obtained in the previous pass. During operation, to avoid pinching the saw, wedges are inserted into the cut to prevent the cut from narrowing.

If it is necessary to cut logs whose diameter exceeds the length of a standard bar, a more complex device is used, which uses a long bar. In this case, the saw’s native lubrication system does not provide high-quality lubrication of the entire chain, so it becomes necessary to install an additional system consisting of a tank and a hose that supplies lubricant to the end of the bar. To ensure oil supply by gravity, the tank is placed on a rack above the tire.

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Wood, like natural stone, is one of the most ancient building materials. Despite the current construction market huge selection a variety of artificially created materials, timber is still very popular. In order to obtain high-quality lumber, the log must be cut into boards. In this article we will talk about how to cut a log into boards.

Types of log cutting

Sawing logs into boards is carried out in two main ways:

• radial
• tangential.

In addition, additional methods are possible:

• mixed
• semi-radial (rustic)
• central.

Radial sawing is a type of sawing during which the axis of the cut runs through the core of the log and, as a result, the annual rings in the section of the board form an angle of 76 - 900. The lumber obtained by such a cut has a uniform color and texture. Timber almost does not undergo deformation during drying and does not swell when moistened, because the dimensions of the wood change mainly along the line of the rings (across the fibers). At lumber radial cut annual rings are arranged according to thickness. Such materials are distinguished by the highest performance indicators in comparison with other types of lumber.

Tangential cutting is carried out along tangents to the lines of annual rings at a short distance from its core. The surfaces of the resulting boards are distinguished by a pronounced texture and a bright wave-like pattern of annual rings. Such lumber is characterized by higher coefficients of shrinkage and swelling from moisture compared to radial cut boards. As a result, they are greatly deformed when exposed to moisture. Such boards are in demand for use in dry conditions.

Rustic (semi-radial) and mixed types of cutting have characteristics of two main types of cutting simultaneously: radial and tangential. Therefore, they exhibit average shrinkage and swelling coefficients. Rustic cut boards are distinguished by straight lines of annual rings, which are located at angles of 46 - 75 degrees. to the layers. Mixed sawn timber is distinguished by the fact that the lines change from straight at the edges (along the width) of the board to arched towards the middle.

The center cut is made right in the center of the trunk and contains its core. Taking into account the fact that the core of the trunk is wood with the lowest strength indicators, center-cut lumber is characterized by a structure that is heterogeneous in strength.

Wood balance when sawing

Log diameter	Volume yield,%
	sleepers	boards	general	sawdust	piece otx.

Tools for sawing logs

Tools and cutting methods depend on the total volume of logs, such indicators as length and thickness. In addition, you need to take into account the quality of the future lumber. Cutting a log involves working with different instruments and specialized equipment. In order to obtain a small amount of lumber at home, the manual method of processing logs using a chainsaw or traditional hand saws with teeth for longitudinal cutting.

The sawmill is perhaps the most famous type of sawmill equipment. This is a woodworking machine that contains frame saws. Lumber is produced at the sawmill longitudinal cut, for example, edged board or timber. Sawmills allow processing logs with a diameter of 15 to 80 cm and a length of up to 7 m.

Cutting logs into boards using circular saws (circular saws) is carried out using a circular saw. Such equipment can be single-saw (single-disc) and multi-saw (multi-disc). Devices containing one disk are suitable for working with small-sized and low-quality raw materials. Using multi-disc machines, you can cut round workpieces of large diameter.

The most popular today band sawmills. They come in two types: vertical and horizontal. Cutting tool in such equipment is tape cloth, which is put on the pulleys. Work for tape machines guarantees the production of high-quality longitudinal and mixed lumber, such as boards and timber. This creates least amount waste.

On large industrial enterprises wood sawing lines are used. They allow achieving very high surface quality and precise geometry of the final products. Such lines are characterized by the highest productivity.

In addition to all the equipment listed above, such types of highly specialized sawmill equipment as debarkers, edgers, band-dividers and other types of machines are also used.

Very often there are situations when you need to produce a very small volume of boards or beams for your own needs. Of course, buying machines in this case is absolutely not an option. Having certain knowledge and skills, it is much more profitable to cut logs with my own hands, using an electric chain or gasoline saw. Despite the fact that this work is quite labor-intensive, the result is quite justified.

Most experts believe that a chainsaw is better suited for this purpose. Such equipment has high power and can operate without interruption for a long time. In addition, the operation of a chainsaw does not require electricity, so you can work far from the power supply, for example, right on the plot.

In order to cut a log into boards using a chainsaw, you will need more special tools such as a mechanism for securing a log, a frame-attachment for a chainsaw, as well as a guide for cutting. The attachment frame must be attached to the chainsaw bar so that it can be used to adjust the gap between it and the chain. This will make it possible to create boards of different thicknesses. It is worth purchasing a special chain for longitudinal sawing. It has a special tooth sharpening angle. The guide ruler can be made from a metal profile of the required length or a flat, rigid board.

Before starting work, you need to remove all the bark and remaining branches from the workpieces, and also carefully inspect the log for various flaws. This way you can choose the most suitable scheme cutting and, therefore, reduce the amount of possible waste.

If you are longitudinally sawing trunks, you need to make sure that the resulting lumber is of the same density across the entire width. Since the density of wood from the northern part of the log is much higher than from the southern part, the cut is carried out in a plane directed from east to west (or in the reverse order).

The first step is to remove the slabs from two opposite edges of the log. As a result, a double-edged beam will be obtained, which is then cut into boards or other lumber of equal thickness, according to the intended sawing pattern. The final product is unedged board, from which the edges must then be removed.

For many centuries, timber has been the most popular raw material for housing construction. Today, primitive processing methods have been replaced by modern equipment. For example, for cutting timber and processing it to required sizes, craftsmen use a sawmill. The disadvantage of such a machine is the cost. For this reason, many people make mini sawmills based on chainsaws.

April 04

All photos from the article

In the process of carrying out various works, there is often a need for longitudinal cutting of logs or timber. For this purpose the most various types equipment – ​​from stationary sawmills, to small installations, but these options cost a lot, and if you need to do a small amount of work, then sawing logs with a chainsaw will be the simplest and most rational solution.

Advantages of using this option

First of all, let’s figure out what advantages this cutting method has:

Ability to work in any conditions	Unlike electrical equipment, which is afraid high humidity, the chainsaw is capable of working in the most unfavorable conditions, without causing any damage to the structure, because all components in the chainsaw are adapted to work on outdoors and even under precipitation
Performance	If you are going to work for a long time, then you will need equipment with a power of about 7 horsepower or more, it can withstand significant loads, while the quality of work will be consistently high
Autonomy	Since the device runs on gasoline, you do not depend on electricity and can build a structure for sawing in any convenient place. This is especially convenient when working in areas where there are no power lines
Convenience	The inertial brake in chainsaws works faster than in electrical systems, and soft start and chain rotation speed adjustment provide high quality work, even if you have no similar experience

Important!
In addition to all the above factors, we should not forget the low cost of the structure; purchasing a stationary sawmill will cost several times more.

Overview of some options

We will talk about the two most popular designs that provide best quality when working, and you yourself will determine what is more convenient and preferable in your case.

Homemade option

First, let's look at how to make a device for sawing logs with a chainsaw with your own hands.

The instructions for carrying out the work are as follows:

• It is best to use a frame from an old one school desk or pipe square section with a side of 20x20 or a little more.
• First of all, two clamps are made, these are elements 50-60 cm long, at one end of which a crossbar with two holes for tightening bolts and a small protrusion in the middle for clamping the tire is welded, an element of the same configuration is attached on top, the photo below shows already ready-made elements, as you can see, everything is quite simple, and having at hand welding machine, you can make them very quickly.

Boards and timber are one of the main building materials. Funds do not always allow you to buy ready-made boards. Many people have the opportunity to take a plot from a forestry department and harvest wood themselves.

Sawing logs is done using a sawmill, electric or chainsaw and additional accessories. When choosing tools, be guided by the amount of work.

The cheapest stationary sawmill with all components will cost you no less than 150 thousand rubles. If you do not plan to run a small business, purchasing such equipment is not practical.

More accessible tool- chainsaw. A chainsaw is more convenient than an electric one for several reasons.

1. No electricity is required for operation - this allows you to work with a chainsaw on plots.
2. Has higher power compared to electric.
3. It has a smooth start and convenient speed adjustment, which reduces the risk of chain breakage.
4. The inertia brake operates faster than an electric saw.
5. Long working time without interruption - up to 1 hour.
6. Allows you to work in conditions of high humidity.

To cut a log lengthwise with a chainsaw, devices for fixing the log, a special frame-attachment for the chainsaw and a guide will help.

When sawing with a chainsaw, the tool is subjected to heavy load. Household chainsaw will quickly fail. It is better to use a professional tool. Good option — Stihl chainsaw MS 660 or Stihl MS 880. These models have a power of more than 7 horsepower, which is enough for continuous operation under heavy loads.

A special metal frame is attached to the saw bar. The distance between the frame and the tire is adjustable, which allows you to cut the material into boards of the required thickness.

Having metal corners or legs from a school desk on hand, it is feasible to make a frame yourself.

The video shows how to make a frame with your own hands.

When working in stationary conditions, a hard one is suitable for the guide metal profile or a long, flat board. The ends of the guide are fixed on the trestles, and a log is placed underneath. This method is only suitable for cutting short trunks - there is a possibility of the guide bending. This will lead to uneven cutting of the trunk.

How to cut a log lengthwise

To ensure an even cut, you will need a straight template - a leading ruler or guide.

A good help in the work is the BigMill Timberjig mini-sawmill (Logosol). Manufacturer Sweden. The cost of such a set is considerable - about 9,000 rubles. Calculate how profitable it is for you to purchase such a tool. The ability to saw logs on site will help reduce transportation costs.

Sawing is done with a push-pull saw with two nuts for mounting the tire. The device allows you to secure and cut logs with a diameter of up to 60 cm.

In order to cut a log into boards, you will need a chain for longitudinal cutting. If you cannot buy such a chain, sharpen a regular one at an angle of 10°. Do not forget that the chain loses its sharpness during operation and needs periodic sharpening. A well-sharpened chain will make your work easier.

The kit includes tools and parts that will help you install the wooden guide. The frame attached to the chainsaw slides along the guide and does not allow the tire to move to the side.

Operating procedure:

How to cut a log crosswise

If you plan to saw the trunk crosswise and then cut the logs into boards, this is not practical. Usually a log intended for preparing firewood is sawn crosswise.

A log sawn crosswise is often used to make garden benches, tables. Look beautiful garden paths, decorated with sawn wood.. In this case, sawing is carried out into disks 10-15 cm thick.

1. Place the log on strong, stable trestles 60-80 cm high.
2. If you plan to remove the tree bark, do it before cutting.
3. Make a shallow cut that will serve as a guide groove.
4. Rotate the log 90º so that the saw bar fits in the groove.
5. When cutting logs into logs, first make notches with an ax.
6. Cut the log. Further processing material depends on its area of ​​application.

Safety rules when sawing wood

1. Use headphones, glasses, a respirator, gloves and thick clothing.
2. Keep children away from the work area.
3. Have a first aid kit on hand - circular saws and chain saws are high-risk tools.
4. Do not use the circular saw without the protective guard.
5. Do not pour fuel into hot tank chainsaw, wait until it cools down a bit.
6. Run the chainsaw on the ground with the chain brake engaged. Release the chain brakes only before starting to cut.
7. When working, hold the saw by the arc handle and move it forward along the guide. Do not press hard on the saw - it should move freely.
8. When pruning trees with a chain saw, take care of ladders - when working, the saw should not be raised above shoulder level.
9. If you are not left-handed, place the log on your right side.

How to properly cut a log. Video tutorials.

Work using the Timberjig sawing system.

Often, various household and industrial tasks require sawing logs. There is a whole list of all kinds of equipment for this, but many of the mechanisms are quite expensive. In such cases, you can save money and use a chainsaw with additional accessories. Their use will greatly simplify the process of preparing boards and other wood products.

Types of equipment for sawing logs

Depending on the direction of sawing wood, devices are divided into 2 types:

• Nozzles for longitudinal sawing of logs;
• Attachments for cross sections.

Both types of devices include a whole list various mechanisms, the use of which makes it possible to obtain required quantity lumber and boards of suitable sizes, which can later be used for repair and construction purposes.

Often high cost store equipment does not allow everyone to purchase them. On the other hand, there is no point in paying a lot of money for irregular use. In such cases, you can make an attachment for a chainsaw for sawing logs with your own hands.

Device for longitudinal sawing - how to make it yourself?

A do-it-yourself device for a chainsaw for longitudinal sawing of logs will consist of a strong frame, which must be securely fixed to the guide. It should be remembered that the frame must be secured on both sides, otherwise the accuracy of sawing the wood will be impaired. This will not make it possible to use ready-made boards for repair and construction work.

To make the equipment we need, we first need to study the drawings. The further work plan will be based precisely on the diagrams, which indicate the dimensions of the materials used and the correctness of their installation.

The procedure for manufacturing a device for longitudinal sawing of wood is as follows:

1. Find and prepare a frame for the future structure. Perfect for this role square pipe or an old children's desk. In this case, make sure that the cross-section of the frame is at least 20x20 mm;
2. Then we move on to production clamping elements. The dimensions of these parts must be at least 40 cm. The end side of each of the elements will later become the basis for the manufacture of a mechanical cross member. For greater reliability, it is best to weld the latter;
3. In the fixed cross member, you need to make several holes for bolt ties using an electric drill. In the center of the crossbar you need to leave a small protrusion, which will be required for reliable fixation tires;
4. We weld the same fasteners in the upper part of the structure. When making them, you need to take into account that the tire has a height slightly less than the width of the bolt clamps;
5. Next, we begin assembling the support frame. She must have rectangular shape and the length is 10 cm greater than the width;
6. In a perpendicular plane on both sides of the frame, two 10-centimeter parts need to be secured. To do this, you need to make several holes in the frame for the nuts, and weld the nuts themselves to the base of the frame;
7. Then we start making the handle. You can use a half-bent metal part and weld it to the structure;
8. At the end we begin to assemble the device. First, insert the clamps into the groin elements. Next, secure the chainsaw bar, paying great attention to the accuracy of its position. The distance between the tire and the side parts of the frame is determined depending on the width wooden blanks necessary for domestic purposes.

The listed actions allow you to make the most simple design for longitudinal sawing of wood. Having such a device at your disposal, you can make an unlimited number of boards, spending a minimum of your time.

From a homemade sawmill this design differs in that it does not have additional guides used for the production of not only boards, but also beams. In addition, this mechanism is smaller in size, which makes it more compact than a home sawmill.

Goats for sawing firewood with a chainsaw - the correct manufacturing algorithm

Nowadays you can find a large number of all kinds of goats, which greatly facilitate the preparation of wood for the winter. However, you can make such a device for sawing logs with a chainsaw yourself.

First, make a drawing further work. In it, indicate the dimensions of the elements and their location in the future structure.

After this, prepare necessary materials. For production you will need:

• Bars;
• Pillars made of strong wood;
• Metal profile.

After this, you can proceed directly to assembling the goat. At the same time, take into account your height, otherwise sawing logs on the manufactured device will be inconvenient. In most cases for comfortable work you will need a goat 120–150 cm high.

When making a structure, be sure to take care of personal safety. To do this, make the device as strong and stable as possible on the ground surface.