How to make timber beautiful. Technology for building a house from timber with your own hands. Is it possible to

Wood is one of the most environmentally friendly building materials, so the desire to have wooden house quite understandable. Timber structures are becoming popular today, so construction companies offer ready-made options, but they are usually not cheap. Making a house from timber with your own hands is not particularly difficult, so we will now look at the principles of this matter.

At correct processing and laying wood, the structure turns out to be durable, but in practicality it cannot be compared even with frame house. Not so long ago, wood for buildings was taken as a single log due to the difficulties in processing it. Now a popular option is timber. We will tell you how to build a house from timber.

Peculiarities

During construction, timber has a significant advantage over logs - less of it is needed, but there are also disadvantages. The seams between adjacent products are poorly protected from all kinds of precipitation, so they require special treatment. It is possible to sheathe a structure made of timber with a certain material, but if this is not planned, then a chamfer of 20 by 20 mm must be removed from each timber.

The timber can also be subject to helical deformation, but modern technologies have helped get rid of this by creating a profiled timber with complex “protection”. Manufacturers of the material dry it thoroughly, which helps avoid shrinkage.

There is also glued laminated timber with increased strength indicators. Its important advantage is geometric stability, which does not allow the material to change shape under the influence of moisture.

Assembly technology

You can buy a ready-made kit for construction at the manufacturing plant and, upon arrival at the site, simply assemble it according to the plan. During installation, ties are used - metal pins with a special anti-corrosion coating. They are necessary for reliable fixation bars in a certain place.

Assembly order:

Foundation.
Geometry check.
Laying waterproofing followed by installation of the first level of timber.
The material is longitudinally fastened with a cross for attractiveness.
Assembling beams on wooden dowels with laying insulation between them.
After the walls are erected, they are mounted interfloor ceilings, including floor beams.
Rafter system. When developing it, 2% shrinkage of laminated veneer lumber is taken into account. The design uses sliding fastenings rafters
Laying roofing.
Interior arrangement. Insulation of floors and walls, production of partitions and other work. This stage also includes the laying of utility lines.
Terrace. If it is provided, then it is necessary to start laying the floor from a special impregnated board, made with the expectation of long-term operation when exposed to external factors.
Installation of windows and doors.

Now let's look at the main points of how to build a house from timber in a little more detail.

Foundation

The foundation can be columnar, strip and slab. The columnar foundation is one of the simplest. To make it, you need asbestos-cement pipes, which will need to be inserted into the prepared holes. This type of foundation also has the disadvantage of a lack of connection between the resulting pillars. It is more practical to choose a pile analogue, in which the piles are connected by a reinforced concrete slab.

Slab foundation – reinforced concrete slab, on which construction will continue. It will require concrete and reinforcement in large quantities.

The strip foundation is the most common due to the many options with different functionality. For heavy loads, a type of foundation with the same cross-section is used, while for light houses, a shallowly buried variety is used, which costs less, but is not inferior in reliability.

Walls

The walls must be assembled directly on the site. At the corners, the timber can be connected in one of two ways - with or without a protrusion. First, the strapping crown is laid on the prepared foundation and connected into half a tree. This type of fastening is used regardless of the selected connection of subsequent rows. The first floor should be about three meters high. When the walls are laid up the required level, make the ceiling and start the second floor, if one is planned.

You cannot build turnkey houses from timber! You need to first install the timber frame for shrinkage, and only do all the finishing work in the second stage, 4–6 months after shrinkage, otherwise there may be big troubles.

Materials

The seal is used for wooden houses very often. Moss, felt or hemp are sold in convenient rolls, so cut into strips required sizes they are quite simple.

Floor

Insulation plays an important role in laying the floor, so the structure is made double. Insulation is placed between the two layers, which also soundproofs the room well. By using edged boards a subfloor is created.

It is customary to hem this material from the bottom, but such fastening is not reliable. To improve the characteristics of the building, a cranial beam is used, which must be attached to the joists.

By following simple rules, you can easily build any shaped house from timber. Such buildings are distinguished by practicality, speed of construction and aesthetics.

At all times, wooden houses were considered the warmest and most environmentally friendly. They have high heat and soundproofing properties. If earlier wooden houses were built from logs, then modern ones can be built from ordinary, glued or profiled timber.

The house, built from timber, has a beautiful and rich appearance, and inside it creates an atmosphere of warmth and comfort. It is very easy to breathe in it, as wood has good air permeability.

The timber differs in manufacturing technology (glulam and solid wood), humidity (dry and natural humidity), and profile. The most popular are profile and laminated timber. They have a rectangular or square cross-section.

The profile beam has a certain profile and resembles a log. Its bottom and top sides are machined so that they fit snugly at the mating points. Glued laminated timber has all straight sides.

It must be remembered that during use the wood cracks and shrinks.

Glued laminated timber does not have this drawback, since it consists of pre-processed boards glued together with a special glue. Due to the fact that the timber has a rectangular or square cross-section, it is convenient to lay. The tongue-and-groove fastening system in profiled timber simplifies installation.

Therefore, even a person who has only a little construction experience can build a house from timber with his own hands. In addition, it is easy to do interior and exterior decoration, since geometrically correct form allows you to obtain smooth surfaces.

Any material can be used for cladding. Thanks to the tight fit of the timber, the formation of cold bridges is eliminated.

Foundation structure

Like any permanent structure, a house made of timber needs a foundation. The foundation is the foundation of the house and the service life of the entire structure depends on its quality.

The most suitable for a wooden house is strip foundation, especially if it is planned to build a basement or cellar under the house.

It is able to withstand significant loads and does not require special equipment during construction. For silty, wet and loose soils, it is better to build a pile-grillage foundation.

It differs from a strip foundation by installing concrete piles in trenches; asbestos pipes can be used as piles. A solid foundation is possible concrete slab, in this case it acts as a subfloor.

Let's consider phased construction do it yourself the most popular strip foundation. First of all, the marking of the future house is carried out: location external walls and load-bearing internal ones.

To do this, pegs are driven in at the corners and load-bearing walls and the fishing line is stretched. After tensioning the line, you need to measure the diagonals, they should be the same. According to the markings, trenches are dug, the width of which should exceed the thickness of the walls by 10 centimeters.

The depth of the trenches should be below the soil freezing level, but not less than 60 centimeters. At this stage, a pit is dug according to the dimensions of the future basement or cellar pit. The bottom of the trench is covered with a layer of sand and gravel or crushed stone, 10 centimeters each. In order for the sand to be better compacted, it must be moistened. Concrete 5 centimeters thick is poured on top of these layers.

At the next stage, do-it-yourself installation wooden formwork from a board 20 mm thick. When installing formwork, spacers are placed inside for strength, and with external parties it is supported by support boards.

The rods are laid along and across the trench, tying the intersections with wire. After reinforcement it is poured concrete mortar. When pouring concrete, to avoid the formation of air bubbles in it, you should use a cement vibrator or compact it manually.

When concrete hardens, it must be constantly moistened so that it does not crack during hardening. According to the standards, concrete must harden for at least 28 days. After the foundation has completely hardened, you can begin building the walls.

If you understand that you cannot handle the construction on your own, then you can contact the company and order a house according to your or your project. For example, look at these options for houses made of pine, they are quite well designed, and the company’s experience and quality of materials are not in doubt among the professional community.

Watch our video collection on the topic:

Construction of walls and laying floors

Before you start laying the first crown along the entire perimeter of the base, you need to lay waterproofing layer their two milk roofing material. This layer will protect the walls from moisture penetration.

The layers should be laid in the following sequence: a layer of bitumen, a layer of roofing felt, then again a layer of bitumen and a layer of roofing felt. The width of the insulation should exceed the foundation by 30 cm.

Then the construction of the walls begins. Timber is taken for the walls depending on climatic conditions. If frosts do not drop more than 30 degrees, then timber about 150 mm thick is taken. Otherwise, the timber is taken thicker. The main load bears on the bottom trim, so it is advisable to place a backing board made of larch 5 cm thick under the first crown.

It is needed so that in the future, if repairs are required, not the entire lower crown is replaced, but only the wedding board.

Boards and all timber should be thoroughly treated with an antiseptic to protect against rotting and harmful insects, as well as with fire-retardant compounds that protect against burning.

The first crown is laid halfway across the tree, regardless of how subsequent crowns are laid. There are three corner connection methods:

end to end;
half a tree;
using a root spike.

After the first or second crown, floor logs are laid. If the base allows, then the logs are laid on it; if not, then they crash into the first crown. The rigidity of the structure is ensured by the joists and the finished floor.

Therefore, the thickness of the finished floor depends on the distance between the joists. The smaller the distance between the joists, the thinner the finished floor can be.

For example, with a distance between the joists of 40-70 cm, a floor with a thickness of 25-40 mm is laid. The logs must be laid strictly horizontally. A subfloor made of unedged boards.

A layer of waterproofing, a layer of insulation, a layer of vapor barrier are laid successively on top of the subfloor, and finally the finishing floor is laid.

In the future, each new crown is laid after the previous one is installed. Insulation is laid between the beams: jute, tow or flax. It is better to use tape insulation of a suitable length, which is secured with a stapler.

The gasket eliminates the formation of cold bridges, prevents condensation from collecting and mold from forming. This allows you to extend the life of the house. The crowns are fastened together using vertical pins - dowels. They prevent the timber from twisting and moving.

Pins can be wooden or metal. Metal ones are more reliable, but they are more expensive. Install the dowels in increments of one and a half meters. They usually pass through 2-3 crowns, holes 3-4 cm in diameter are drilled in a checkerboard pattern.

When laying timber, it is necessary to install window and door frames, cutting the timber to the appropriate length. The boxes are attached to the timber with nails.

If there are no boxes, then temporary risers are installed from unedged boards with the dimensions of future window frames. Internal partitions are made only after the construction of the log house and are cut into the main walls.

If under construction two-story house, the dimensions of which are more than 6x6 meters, then at least one partition must be installed on the first floor, which will act as an additional support for the floor on the second floor.

After the first floor of the house is laid out with your own hands, the second floor is covered and the construction of the log house continues.

The ceiling acts as a subfloor on the second floor. Waterproofing on the second floor is not needed. The insulation layer is made for best warmth and soundproofing of the floor. On construction market We offer a wide selection of floor coverings:

parquet board;
linoleum;
laminate;
tile;
carpeting, etc.

Any covering is suitable for a house made of timber; it is important that it harmonizes with the interior of the room and fits overall design rooms.

Roof installation

After the walls are erected, the construction of the roof begins. Roofs can be single-pitched, gable, broken, cross, hipped and others. The most popular are gable and broken.

Due to their simplicity, they can be easily installed with your own hands. In addition, the design of these roofs allows the construction of an attic.

Roof installation consists of the following steps:

installation of the rafter system;
installation of a waterproofing layer;
installation of a thermal insulation layer;
laying roofing material.

The basis of the roof is the ceiling. It must be durable and reliable. For its device are used ceiling beams. They are laid in increments of at least one meter. When laying beams, you must use a level to achieve a general plane and perfect horizontality.

Then, using rafters, the structure of the future roof is mounted. It is rigidly fixed using crossbars, spacers and racks. First, a frame of rafters is installed, which are laid at a distance of one meter from each other. Then the fronts are laid out with timber or boards.

At the last stage, lathing is placed on the rafters in increments of at least 40 cm. Next, a waterproofing and thermal insulation layer is installed.

When the roof frame is ready and all layers have been laid, you can begin to lay the roof. The main purpose of the roof is to protect the house from precipitation and external mechanical influences, but it must also be in harmony with the appearance of the entire house.

The most popular types of roofing materials are metal tiles, slate, ondulin and corrugated sheets. Most cheap option roofing - lay roofing material on the sheathing and cover it with slate sheets on top.

Care and finishing work

If you build a house with your own hands from laminated veneer lumber, then immediately after its construction you can begin finishing works. According to the rules, it takes about two years for a wooden house to shrink. During this time the tree adapts to climatic conditions where the house is located.

During this period, it is important to ventilate the room all the time to allow it to dry thoroughly and prevent rotting. After shrinkage, all cracks and cracks that appear on the walls must be sealed using a special mastic and constantly covered up as they appear in the future.

After the log house has shrunk, windows and doors are installed and you can begin to decorate it internally and externally. Houses made of profiled timber do not need finishing; they are beautiful in themselves.

In other cases external finishing involves painting or covering the entire facade facing materials. Interior decoration consists of finishing the ceiling and walls.

If finances allow or it is not possible to build a house with your own hands, you can buy a ready-made one. Prices for such houses depend on the architectural design and construction.

Their cost ranges from 7 thousand rubles to 20 thousand rubles per square meter. The more complex the project, the more expensive it is, especially if the house is built according to an individual project.

Below is a table of approximate prices for houses made of profiled timber:

House size, meters	Beam 100×150 mm, thousand rubles	Beam 150×150 mm, thousand rubles	Beam 150×200 mm, thousand rubles
5x5	350	390	450
6x4	450	530	590
6x7	530	610	650
6x8	550	630	690
6x9	739	790	850
7x9	865	895	987

Houses made of laminated veneer lumber are about one and a half to two times more expensive. This is due to more complex production technology.

In order for a house to last for many years, it must be constantly looked after. Update regularly every 3-4 years protective coating. Monitor the condition of the foundation; it should not be flooded to avoid rotting. With proper care, a house built from timber with your own hands can become a family nest and will last for decades.

How to build a house from timber. Video No. 2

How to build a house from timber. Video No. 3

How to build a house from timber. Video #4

At the moment, building a house from timber with your own hands is much easier than before. Almost everyone now has a computer at home and an Internet connection, where you can find tips and advice about this type of construction, so as not to make unnecessary mistakes.

In principle, you can build such a house using two construction methods:

First, you can find a company that produces kits of houses from timber, and order a log house of the required size, and after its delivery, assemble this kit with your own hands. You will spend much less time assembling such a house.
second, buy required quantity timber and assemble the frame, cutting it yourself to the required size.

For the construction of walls, you will need timber measuring 15x15 cm, and for partitions, timber measuring 10x15 cm is used. Before assembling the house, it is advisable to treat the timber with an antiseptic solution to protect the wood from wood-boring insects, rot and mold.

We lay the first row, which is called the strapping, on the prepared foundation. It will differ from the rest of the rows in that its corners must be connected to each other. This can be done by laying the corner beams overlapping, for which it is necessary to cut off half of each beam from opposite sides to the width of the beam itself and then fasten them with a dowel. For strength, it is advisable to make the dowel from birch boards.

The logs under the floor can be laid so that they are connected to the first crown. In this case, it is necessary to mark for the joists and make cuts according to the markings to a depth equal to half the height of the beam. Then he began to chop, trim, lay the lag, having previously placed insulation and secured with a dowel.

Before laying the second row of beams, insulation is laid on top of the first row. Can be used as insulation natural material moss or tow, or felt. Partitions must be cut into the walls, and insulation is also laid on them, otherwise their height after assembly will be less than the height of the walls. The rows are fastened together with dowels, which are driven into holes drilled in two beams.

The height of the walls after assembling the log house should be within 3 meters. If the house is one-story, then on the penultimate crown it is necessary to lay ceiling and rafters
beams, they also need to be embedded into the penultimate crown and secured with a dowel.

The rafter beams should protrude beyond the frame by a distance of about 60 cm on both sides.

Rafters can be installed from 10x15 cm timber, cutting them into a lock with a rafter beam and additionally fastening it to it with special brackets or brackets. To give
stiffness of the rafters, install a tie at approximately 2/3 of its length, and rafter posts under its ends. To give the rafters a vertical position, we install braces.

We make the lathing from edged or unedged boards 30 mm thick in increments of 10-15 cm.
We seal the gables with a tongue and groove board, but later it will have to be sanded and painted, or, as many people do now, covered with corrugated board.

To cover the roof, you can use metal tiles, corrugated sheets, and corrugated sheets. You can choose the color of this material at your discretion.

We install wooden entrance doors. The windows can be plastic or wooden, but made using modern technologies with seals and double-glazed windows.

All that remains is to do the interior finishing, but before starting it you need to wait a while for the house to shrink.

The construction of wooden houses is becoming more popular every day. This is due to the desire of people to acquire own home and get an environmentally friendly, healthy home. It is difficult to choose any technology for building a wooden house: frame, SIP panels, log house or timber. The most suitable in the ratio of “ease of construction – reliability of the structure and its energy efficiency” is to build a house from timber.

Timber house has a number of advantages that are difficult to compete with other materials.

As we have already noted – environmental friendliness. Wood is an excellent material for construction. Its main advantage is natural breathing. Walls made of timber will perfectly exchange gas and steam with environment. Wood is not only not harmful to human health, but some species are even very useful. Most often used for construction conifers wood It has long been known that coniferous wood releases phytoncides, which have an ionizing and disinfecting effect on the surrounding air. It should also be noted that the construction of a wooden house, in particular a house made of timber, does not harm the environment.
Good thermal insulation of the house. In terms of heat loss, a house made of timber is without additional insulation only inferior frame structure. But all the technology frame house construction consists of the use of insulation.

High speed of construction without the use of special equipment. Building a house from timber does not require the use of heavy construction equipment. It also doesn't require a large crew to raise the walls of a house. If we compare the construction of a 6 by 6 house made of timber or aerated concrete, and even more so of brick, the pace of construction can be almost 3 times higher. Even if you hire an experienced team of masons, you can only lay a certain number of rows. Then you need to wait at least one day for the solution to set. Anyone who has ever done masonry knows how a freshly laid wall wobbles. You can work with timber without breaks or stops. The rigidity of the wall is constant throughout the entire height of the wall throughout the entire construction period.
Relatively low cost. A house made of timber is superior in cost only frame houses. The reduction in cost is achieved not only due to the availability of the material itself, but also due to the construction of more simple foundation due to the low weight of the entire structure. Perhaps many will compare the cost of a cubic meter of foam block and wood, but do not forget the width of the wall of each material for successful thermal insulation. Saving foam blocks or bricks will lead to costs for insulation or, worse, heating.
The beauty and richness of construction forms. A house made of profiled or laminated timber requires virtually no façade finishing.

No construction technology is absolutely superior to all others. Houses made of timber are also not without their drawbacks. Basically, they are associated with wood defects. Timber is dead wood, unable to independently fight environmental conditions and insects. In addition, the timber is devoid of outer layers of wood, which have the greatest protective properties. Therefore, houses made of timber require careful care and protection from mold and insects.

It is worth mentioning the fire hazard of such a house. There are also shortcomings in the technology itself. In the first place comes significant shrinkage of timber walls and susceptibility to cracking. This is due to the impossibility of starting finishing the house immediately after its construction. You'll have to wait for the log house to settle. Although a solution to this problem has long been found - the use of kiln-dried timber or laminated veneer lumber. It is also possible to purchase a finished log house, which has already been settled on the manufacturer’s site.

As you can see, houses made of timber are not without their drawbacks. Whether the benefits tip the scales is up to you to decide. One has only to remember that our grandfathers and great-grandfathers built such houses without modern technologies and methods of wood protection. How long did these houses cost? At least 50 years, and some people still go to visit their grandfathers in an old house in the village. A properly built house made of timber can rival brick and concrete in terms of durability.

How to build houses from timber?

Construction of such complex design How a house is connected with many important stages. A mistake at any stage of construction will disrupt not only the elegant appearance or comfort of the house, but sometimes can even lead to a complete redo of part of the work.

How to prevent these mistakes? The most universal adviser is experience. It’s good if construction is not just a hobby for you, and you are already familiar with most operations first-hand. But even a “hardened” builder is not immune from mistakes. Therefore, we will try to make an approximate step by step instructions for building a house from timber. This is not a clear technological map, but it will still help you assess your strengths and make a decision to start building a building, and perhaps stop you from taking rash steps, and you will decide that it is better to entrust the construction to specialists.

Project selection

Before starting work, you need to assess the purpose of your future building. It could be country house for a spring-summer stay or a permanent structure for permanent residence. It is possible that your capabilities will allow you to start building an entire residential complex with a bathhouse and a garage.

Now you need to choose a project that can be found on the Internet. But do not forget that in a house made of timber, partitions are rarely made according to frame technology. So it’s worth choosing projects with room layouts.

The situation is simpler in the case of ordering the construction of a turnkey house from timber. You can choose one of the standard projects and adjust it as you wish. At this stage you will be able to estimate how much your new home will cost. Most projects on the Internet are listed with turnkey construction costs. You can easily calculate how much money you need to build a house from timber with your own hands. You only need to deduct approximately 30% from the turnkey project cost.

Selection of material for construction

If almost everything is clear with the type of wood, then with the profile of the timber it is not so simple. Pine and spruce are the most common materials for making construction timber. Often the first crowns can be made from larch or aspen. Don't be surprised by the application hardwood. Aspen, when exposed to environmental conditions without additional protection, becomes much stronger and more durable than pine.

Why aren’t entire log houses made from aspen? It is very difficult to find aspen lumber of proper quality with a seed origin of the trunk and the absence of heart rot (up to 80% of aspen trunks are affected by this defect).

There are several options for timber. Let's look at each of them.

Sawn timber

The cheapest material is ordinary edged timber with natural moisture. Its production does not require high-precision equipment, so there are plenty of suppliers of such material in any region. Typically, timber with a cross section of 150x150 or 100x150 mm is used.

Don't be under any illusions about the final cost of your home. Most likely, it will be only slightly lower than the cost of high-quality profiled timber.

Why does the price rise:

assembly of a log house from edged timber requires use interventional seals(profiled or glued beams do not require it due to the special design of the locks);
after shrinkage, you will need to caulk the crowns 1 or 2 times;
Due to natural moisture, timber exhibits significant cracks; such a house will require finishing both inside and outside.

All these materials and work will cost you a pretty penny. It should also be noted that it is difficult to store this material at the construction site. The timber should be folded on pads for ventilation and protected from precipitation. It’s good if the manufacturer took care of impregnation with an antiseptic. If not, then you need to treat the timber with an antiseptic until it turns blue or black to prevent insects from infecting the wood.

Another significant disadvantage of this material is the production of bowls during the assembly process or assembly without bowls at all (the timber overlaps from row to row). Inaccuracy in these works and loose fit leads to the formation of cold bridges.

Profiled timber

This is a specially milled timber of natural humidity or chamber drying, made of massive timber. Has design feature– the presence of a tenon and a groove (or several tenons or grooves - the so-called comb) on the upper and lower plane. Profiled timber can be supplied in two versions:

moldings - beams are supplied 6 meters long without bowls;
the timber is cut according to the design with the bowls cut down and window openings.

Of course, the first option is cheaper, but in this case you get the same disadvantage as sawn timber - handmade bowls lead to airing of the house in the corners.

Most manufacturers of profiled timber have special computer programs that calculate and cut the material according to their own needs. standard projects, and as provided by the customer.

The undoubted advantage of chamber-drying timber is the slight shrinkage of the finished building and the absence of cracks.

Glued laminated timber

The same profiled timber, except that it is made by gluing together several boards. Glued laminated timber is rarely produced as moldings due to high cost material. All elements are manufactured and labeled in accordance with the project.

The main advantage of this material is the absence of shrinkage finished houses. Glued laminated timber best preserves its geometry and has increased strength along its length, which makes it possible to implement the most daring projects.

The turnkey cost is the most expensive in its segment, but this is more than compensated by the quality of the material and its durability.

Expert opinion

Sergey Yurievich

Ask a question to an expert

The walls of a house made of laminated veneer lumber do not need finishing due to the absence of cracks. In addition to the installation of windows and doors, interior decoration You can start immediately after putting the roof on the house.

Double beam

Relatively young construction technology. Simply put, construction from double timber involves the construction of strictly parallel walls from a specially milled board with a tongue and groove. The gap between the walls is filled with insulation (ecowool or mineral wool). The material used is chamber drying. The construction of walls is a rather complex process, although it seems similar to construction from profiled timber. It is better to entrust the construction of such a house (at least the walls) to the specialists of the manufacturing company in order to avoid problems during the operation of the house.

Construction of the foundation

This is the most important stage construction. The foundation is the basis for the reliability and durability of any structure. The construction of the foundation must begin with a soil survey. It is also necessary to assess the load on the foundation. For construction one-story houses from timber 6 by 6 or 6 by 8 are usually used columnar foundation or screw piles. For more massive structures (8 by 8, houses with attics or two-story houses) a shallow strip foundation is installed or. For severe ground conditions may be recommended slab foundation(used when there is only one possible option).

Installation of Mauerlat and floor joists

The lower frame is usually the first crown of the frame. The logs are cut into the timber or secured using special steel supports. The installation of beams on the first floor is no different from similar structures in any wooden housing construction. The rough flooring is installed. Floors are insulated with any of the selected materials. Typically, this work is carried out after the house is under roof.

Walling

Profiled or glued do not have any special features. The building is going to be built row by row in accordance with technological map. No additional sealing between the rims is required. The beam is finally compacted under its own weight.

Working with mini beams ( double beam) requires compliance with several rules, but in general it is similar to working with profiled timber:

each subsequent row is tightly packed over the previous one (do not count on compaction under your own weight);
if the wall length is more than 3.5 meters, special cuts are hammered in;
the bowl of the subsequent perpendicular row should be exactly in the middle of the height of the previous row;
The presence of gaps when joining mini-beams along the length is not allowed;
strict parallelism in height between the inner and outer rows.

Violation of at least one rule leads to significant design problems, so it is better to entrust turnkey assembly to certified specialists.

Expert opinion

Sergey Yurievich

Construction of houses, extensions, terraces and verandas.

Ask a question to an expert

Assembling a log house from sawn timber is identical to working with log houses: the rows are compacted together with special materials, and the height of the timber is reinforced with wooden dowels.

Roof installation

Working with various forms roofing and types of finishing roofing materials no different from building any house. Here we can give you only one piece of advice - follow the roof construction standards. Installation of the roof is the most difficult stage. Refer to specialized literature or specialist help.

Building a house from timber is an excellent choice. Do it yourself or trust construction company– the decision depends on your experience and the ambition of the chosen project. Assess your strengths and skills in case self-construction buildings. Evaluate the developer market in your region and choose the most responsible and trusted one if you have chosen a project from construction company. Remember one rule: there is no such thing as a too low price with the same quality.

A modern house made of timber is not only coziness, warmth and lightness, but also original beautiful design which deserves attention. Wooden houses They have preserved their traditional appearance for hundreds of years and are known for their durability, reliability and comfort. And our article will tell you how to properly build a house from timber.

Today, timber construction methods have changed, the emergence of new technologies, new woodworking machines and tools make it possible to build a wooden house that will be a real masterpiece and can shock many. The environmental friendliness of such a house, the simplicity and speed of installation, win over many who want to build their own house with their own hands.

Construction from timber

How to choose the right timber for construction

Choice . The quality of the constructed building directly depends on the quality of the material. right choice will minimize the unpredictability of wood during operation.

The building materials market offers 4 types of timber:

Solid non-profiled timber– log, cut on 4 sides, size 150x150 mm, dried using natural drying, can be purchased at any sawmill, has a low cost. The main disadvantages are shrinkage, cracks, warping, and insect damage. Requires additional finishing, as well as enhanced insulation of seams. A cube of solid non-profiled timber costs about 150 USD.
One-piece on special equipment for forming the correct geometric shape and cutting out “locks” that improve the connections of parts and facilitate construction. The main disadvantages are shrinkage, cracks, warping, and insect damage. The price for such timber is approximately 250 USD per cubic meter. The best option with a price + quality ratio.
Glued laminated timber– made of individual blocks, which are glued together under pressure with special glue. Thanks to the use various types wood has high resistance to warping, deformation and cracking. Shrinkage of the beams is excluded, which allows you to move into the house almost immediately upon completion of construction. Compared to solid timber, it is less environmentally friendly. Price - 450 USD e per cubic
LVL timber – glued from 3 mm veneer. The highest quality and most expensive timber. Such timber costs about 1000 USD per cubic meter.

What type of timber to choose directly depends on your wallet, but no matter what you choose, you can build a high-quality wooden house using any type of timber.

When purchasing, check the finished logs for cracks, because even a small crack will certainly expand during shrinkage, which can lead to rotting of the log. Pay attention to the evenness of the beam; even a slight curvature will lead to problems when laying the crown, and this will significantly increase the construction time of the house.

Advice! Apply a little iodine to the timber; if the stain turns blue, this will mean that the timber is still too wet and cannot be used for building a house. Pay attention! When storing these products, you need to fold them correctly. Contact of the beam with the ground is unacceptable. In rainy weather, cover the timber with film so that its edges are open.

Construction of the foundation

For wooden houses, despite their insignificant weight compared to their counterparts made of stone and brick, the foundation is also the basis that ensures the stability of the building and does not allow it to sag under its own weight.

The choice largely depends on:

soil;
groundwater;
climatic conditions, etc.

There are various types foundations, we will look at the most common ones.

Columnar foundation- the cheapest, but also the most unreliable, can only be used on small houses. The main element of such a foundation is a pillar made of various materials: brick, metal, concrete, asbestos pipes filled with concrete, less often wood. The pillars are placed on a concrete pad in increments of one and a half meters in the corners and under load-bearing walls.
Strip foundation– the most common universal option, can be used on almost any soil. To make such a base, you need to dig a pit along the perimeter of the future house to the depth of soil freezing, then install the formwork and fill it with concrete. The inner perimeter of the foundation must be covered with crushed stone and sand. Construction of the building can begin three weeks after the concrete has hardened.

Pay attention! The height of the foundation should be more than 0.% m above ground level, this will protect the lower crowns from excessive dampness.

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Laying the first crowns

The process of assembling a house from timber can be called easy. How to properly build a house from timber?

The main thing is to be able to use the level and not rush.

Our foundation is ready, it’s time to install waterproofing, it is needed in order to separate the foundation from the walls of the house, thereby maintaining the balance of dampness.

We choose the beams for the 1st row, take the thickest ones, since the entire weight of the future house will fall on them. Experienced craftsmen It is recommended to take the first beam 5 cm thicker than the main beams.
Laying the first crowns begins with placing slats along the base of the foundation with a thickness of no more than 15 mm and a distance of 20-30 cm from one another; the slats must be treated with an antiseptic, and the space between them must be filled with mineral wool or polyurethane foam. This technique will protect the lower beams from rotting and dampness.
After the first crown is laid, we check the horizontal level of the surface of the beam. Do not check the evenness “by eye” - there is a level for this. The quality of the entire house structure depends on the correctly placed first crown.

Pay attention! Do not lay the beams too tightly - in the future the house will shrink on its own. There is no need to attach the bottom beam to the foundation. Advice. The beams of the bottom row should be treated on all sides with an antiseptic, or in the old fashioned way with machine oil.

Construction of log walls

Before building a house, in order to figure out how to properly assemble a house from timber, you need to understand the order of the wall construction process. The first step is to lay the crowns, align and fasten the beams using metal pins or wooden dowels.

They need to be driven into specially drilled holes, the diameter of which exactly matches the diameter of the pins. Such holes are drilled in increments of 1.5 m, the drill should pass through the upper beam and half of the lower one.

After this, the top beam is removed, dowels with a length equal to the height of the two beams are driven into the holes, then insulation is laid, and the top beam returns to its place.

All the crowns, up to the top two, are mounted in this way; they do not need to be fastened, since when erecting the roof they will need to be temporarily removed.

Advice! To insulate inter-crown seams, you can use tow, moss, and jute. The most convenient way is jute.

Installation of door and window openings

Planning doors and window openings in a timber house should be done in advance. A gap is left in the areas of future windows and doors; later, after installing the house, you can easily make the desired opening using a chainsaw.