How to build a sauna at your dacha. Small sauna with your own hands. Video: building a foundation for a bathhouse

What could be more pleasant than after completing summer cottage What about taking a steam bath in your own bathhouse, washing off the dirt and relaxing your body and soul? Of course, a luxurious bathhouse with a swimming pool in the country is an unaffordable luxury for many, so it’s worth taking a closer look at the projects of small buildings and building the one you like with your own hands, investing a minimum of money and getting maximum benefit and pleasure.

A small bathhouse can be built according to frame technology, lay it out of foam/gas/cinder blocks, bricks, build a log house from logs or timber. Most environmentally friendly material– wood, but bricks and blocks are more durable, reliable and fireproof.

Table. Comparative table of prices for materials for the construction of bath walls

Make/model/type/grade	Size/section, mm	Price in rubles
M150	25012065	RUB 16.90 per piece (240 pieces on a pallet)
First grade	1001006000	Price per 1 m3 from 5500 to 6700 rubles.
First grade	1501506000	5500-6900 rub. for 1 cubic meter.
First grade	401006000	7500 rub. for 1 m3
2.3 grade	401506000	5500 rub. for 1 m3
-	912502500	548
-	1212502500	802
-	6025050	40 rub. per piece (133 pieces in one cubic meter)

Prices for foam blocks

foam block

Economy bath project

Having looked at the prices for materials, you will notice that it is more profitable to build a bathhouse from blocks or using Canadian technology. Moreover, the latter will be more profitable if some of the materials are used or low-grade (for example, instead of an edged board, you can use an unedged one, adding color to a country bathhouse). More accurate data on material consumption can be obtained after drawing up a project and estimate.

Before starting construction, it is extremely important to think through the design of the bathhouse, calculate the amount of materials, note all dimensions and at the same time plan not only the location of the premises, but also the furniture in them.

Installation of a shelf in a steam room Selecting a bath size

The main room in any, even the smallest bathhouse is the steam room. There must be two or three floors of shelves and a heater. Even if the dacha plot is small, and the bathhouse is planned to be very modest, the steam room cannot be made with an area of 3-4 square meters based on the simultaneous stay of two people (visitors should be comfortable steaming with brooms, sitting and lying on the shelves at full height). Such standards are determined by safety considerations (in a very cramped steam room it is easy to get burned on a hot stove or scald your skin with hot steam).

Also, if the entire stove is located entirely in the steam room and fuel is loaded from the same room, it is worth increasing the usable area of the room by another 1-2 meters to make it convenient to store and add firewood to the firebox. Directly in front of the stove, a pre-furnace sheet measuring 1x1 m must be laid, which is also noted on the plan diagram of the future bathhouse.

The bathhouse will certainly provide water treatments Accordingly, you should think about a small shower located in a separate room or adjacent to the steam room. The second option, when the steam room and washing room are combined, allows you to save space and reduce the cost of installing sewer systems. sewage, interior partitions.

Last important room baths - dressing room or dressing room. There should be benches and hangers for visitors, a cabinet for bath accessories, and possibly a small table. It is also possible and preferable to have the heater located in the steam room, and the loading door opens into the dressing room, which allows you to save on heating.

In an economy bath you can do without:

plumbing system. But you will have to equip a stove with a tank and bring water in buckets manually;
separate bathroom. These amenities can be taken outdoors or in country house, if the bathhouse at the dacha will be used only in warm time year.

But you can’t do without electricity and sewerage, so it is advisable to order or build a septic tank / cesspool / drainage hole, and also extend a power line to the site where the bathhouse is being built, because steaming by candlelight is very inconvenient.

Be sure to indicate on the plan diagram:

dimensions of the building and each room separately;
ceiling height and overall height of the bath;
furnace location;
the sides into which the doors will open, including the firebox;
location of windows (in the steam room the window is located at a height of 185 to 195 cm from the floor and not above the shelf);
location of the socket and switch, shield and lamps (only products with a moisture protection level higher than IP54 are used).

Below are several projects of small one-story country baths.

Video - Designing a bathhouse

Video - Bathhouse project. Compilation

Construction of a small frame economy bathhouse at the dacha

Let's start with the base of the bathhouse - the foundation. Since the sauna will be small and relatively light, there will be no need to fill monolithic slab or make a buried reinforced tape. For a one-story bathhouse, a columnar foundation made of blocks or asbestos pipes with concrete poured into them is sufficient.

Stage 1. Marking

This stage is required for any type of construction. We choose a place on the site where the bathhouse will be located.

We take 4 pegs and a plumb line. We drive the first stake into the soil strictly vertically, that is, we mark the first corner of the house. From this point we set aside the length of one of the walls and drive in a second stake. We tie both pegs with a cord.

We place the third and fourth stakes in the same way. We check the equality of the marking diagonals and, if necessary, adjust the stakes and cord.

We also use a cord to mark the places where the interior partitions will be located.

We arm ourselves with a shovel and remove the top layer of soil along with the grass inside the cast-off. We level the bottom of the resulting base horizontally and compact it.

Video - Marking the foundation

Stage 2. Foundation

Let's consider the option of arranging a columnar foundation made of concrete blocks measuring 20*20*40 cm. Their price ranges from 45 to 60 rubles per 1 piece. You can use ordinary bricks (13-16 rubles per piece), including used ones.

We take a drill or a shovel and start digging holes measuring 50x50 cm for blocks or 35x35 cm for bricks. The distance between the holes is no more than 2 m, the depth of each is approximately half a meter. The holes should be located in the corners of the house, under load-bearing walls and interior partitions.

We tamp the bottom of each hole, fill it with a layer of sand and crushed stone (each layer up to 10 cm) and repeat the compaction process again.

Fill the crushed stone with liquid cement laitance. We stick one steel rod strictly vertically into the center of each hole.

We lay out bricks or blocks around the rod, 2 pieces at a time. in every row.

The posts should rise 20-30 cm above the soil. We check the horizontalness of the entire base by pulling the rope and using a bubble level. If necessary, we compensate for unevenness with a layer of cement mortar.

We cover each column with a piece of roofing felt.

Stage 3. Economy bath frame

For the frame you can use timber 100*100 cm or 150*150 cm. load-bearing elements It's not worth saving. It is also advisable to impregnate the wood with a fire-retardant composition.

The lower harness consists of 4 beams.

Connecting corners using the “claw” or “half-tree” method.

Connecting the beams of the lower trim

We cut threads on the reinforcing bars protruding from the corner posts (the pins on the intermediate posts can be cut off). We drill holes at the ends of the beams for these pins. We cut out the ends of the beams according to the diagram shown.

We assemble the lower harness by putting the bars on the pins. Tighten the nuts and locknuts from above.

Between the vertical beams we nail or fasten with self-tapping screws horizontal jumpers from a 50x50 mm bar. We strengthen the corner posts with jibs made of 50x100 mm boards.

All that remains is to make the top trim. To do this, we use a 50 mm thick board, which we screw to the ends of the vertical beams with long wood screws.

Prices for wooden beams

wooden beams

Stage 4. Gender

Let's look at an example of arranging a leak-proof floor in a bathhouse. In order not to waste time cutting lumber, we take fastening perforated corners, self-tapping screws and assemble the floor joists. We place boards 50x100 cm between the beams of the lower frame on the edge, maintaining a distance between the logs of 40-45 cm.

Assembling the floor covering from a board in the “on edge” position for greater rigidity

The floor joists can be covered with OSB-3 sheets (approximately 480-550 rubles per sheet 1250x2500 mm and 9 mm thick) or use the same wooden boards from which the joists are made. IN rough floor you need to provide a hole for installing a drain ladder from a washing room or steam room.

Be sure to stretch Izospan or other vapor barrier film under the wooden subfloor.

To insulate the floor, we again attach logs on top of the subfloor, between which we lay expanded clay, sawdust or red moss, and cover the entire “pie” waterproofing film and assemble the finished floor from boards or moisture-resistant plywood (from 260 rubles per sheet of 4 grades measuring 1525x1525 mm and 4 mm thick). The use of polystyrene foam as insulation, including packaging, is possible only in the dressing room.

Prices for Izospan

Stage 5. Roof

Before making the roof, we assemble the top floor (ceiling). We use the same fasteners and boards that were used when installing the floor joists.

It is better to make a gable roof for a frame economy bath. It will make the bathhouse more attractive in appearance, and the space under the roof can easily be converted into a sleeping area or a storage area for brooms. On the other hand, a lean-to structure will require less materials.

Templates for cutting rafters, racks, floor joists

Table. Types of roofs, diagrams

Roof type illustration	Advantages	Description
Flat or single slope	Saving of materials, ease of assembly, ability to use the roof.	For baths up to 6 meters wide, it is permissible to arrange flat roofs with a slope of 10-25 degrees and sloping rafters. The ceiling is made from coniferous bars from 100x100 to 150x200 mm. Laying step from 40 cm to 1 m. On top of the beams, a continuous sheathing made of edged boards or OSB without gaps is assembled, then a sheathing for insulation is installed - expanded clay with a layer of 10 cm, mineral wool or expanded polystyrene. Several layers of roofing material or other moisture-proof material are laid on top of the insulation. The roof itself can be made from corrugated sheets, antiseptic-treated boards, etc.
Gable. Suitable for baths with an area >12 sq.m.	Possibility of using the attic for household purposes or for overnight accommodation. The roof is stable and durable	The roof angle is selected from 30 to 45 degrees depending on the type of terrain. To install such a roof, the top trim and the Mauerlat must be made of timber. Rafter trusses are isosceles triangles with a jumper between the ribs (crossbar). The rafters rest on the Mauerlat and can hang a maximum of half a meter. The rafters are cut according to a template and assembled into trusses using metal fasteners and long self-tapping screws. The outer trusses on the gables are attached first, followed by the remaining rafters at intervals of up to one and a half meters. A sheathing of slats or boards is placed on top of the rafters, a vapor barrier is stretched, after which the roofing material, for example, corrugated sheets, is secured.

Video – Roof construction

Stage 6. Interior and exterior decoration

Table. Brief description of the stages of insulation, insulation and finishing of an economy bath

Work order	Scheme	Description
		Polystyrene foam will provide the walls of the bathhouse with additional rigidity and retain heat. For installation we use polyurethane foam and PSB-S-15. We cut out pieces of foam plastic according to the distance between the frame posts, insert foam plastic between them, and foam the cracks. It is recommended to cut out the foam 0.5-1 cm larger in size than the existing openings to avoid gaps.
		We use 2x5 cm slats. We fasten them horizontally. Fixation is carried out using wood screws. We take the distance between the slats equal to the width of the insulation.
		We lay mineral wool slabs between the lathing slats. We stretch a polypropylene cord over the mats and secure it with small nails or a stapler.
		The outside of the bathhouse can be covered with OSB-3 sheets, which can then be plastered or painted. Finishing with unedged boards or siding would also be an acceptable option.
		WITH outside baths under layer finishing material We attach the windproof film overlapping (you can use glassine). On the inside of the walls and ceiling we stretch foil vapor barrier with a thickness of 80 microns. We fix the overlaps of the strips with metallized tape.
Internal lining		The traditional material for interior decoration is lining. Economy option - aspen. It is better not to use pine lining in a steam room. It is permissible to sheathe the walls in the dressing room PVC panels or moisture-resistant plasterboard, and then paint.
External skin		Many interesting materials are used as external cladding, such as shingles or shingles. It's thin wooden planks, which are fastened with nails to the walls, and the rows are fixed with a slight overlap (top to bottom). An environmentally friendly and economical solution.

Stage 7. Ventilation

An economy bathhouse is probably a compact room, but this does not exclude the need for ventilation.

The hole for air flow is traditionally installed near the heater, closer to the floor, and the installation of the ventilation valve is carried out simultaneously with insulation and finishing of the walls. Air flow from supply ventilation duct must fall on heating element ovens. It is especially important to arrange effective ventilation if the firebox door does not open into the dressing room, but into the steam room.

Exhaust vent should be closer to the ceiling. The hood must be equipped with a damper. Air exhaust is organized according to ventilation pipe on the roof, the head of the pipe is covered with an insect net.

Natural ventilation can be organized through a small window located at a height of 185 cm above the floor level. Ventilation will occur with the windows and doors of the premises open.

Video - Ventilation in the bathhouse

Prices for bath fans

bath fan

Stage 8. Equipping the bathhouse

Having assembled a bathhouse with your own hands, make a metal stove with a heat exchanger and an external water tank. The main thing is to lay asbestos cardboard on the floor and wall behind the stove during installation, and cover it with a steel sheet to prevent spontaneous combustion of wooden surfaces.

Calculation of the load on the floor and rafters for a single metal furnace It is not necessary to do this; a floor structure made of 150x50 mm logs in increments of 45-50 cm and a 5 cm thick floorboard will perfectly withstand a heater.

Electrical wiring in the bathhouse is laid either before the finishing of the walls (hidden type) or after (external). Lamps and sockets are purchased and installed that are strictly moisture-proof, class higher than IP 54. Installation of a separate electrical panel and protection of all cables from moisture is required.

Prices for asbestos cardboard

asbestos cardboard

Other interesting projects of economy baths

A very unusual, but no less comfortable barrel sauna is a cylindrical wooden structure on two supports, internally divided into 2-3 compartments, the farthest of which is a steam room. The sauna is mobile, takes up little space, is economical and economical (very little fuel is needed to warm up a small steam room).

Turnkey barrel baths cost from 35 to 220 thousand rubles. In practice, to assemble such a bathhouse yourself, it takes half as much money and not a lot of effort and time.

Assembly and disassembly of the bathhouse is possible due to the boards used 45x90 or 50x90 mm with a tongue-and-groove connection. The length of the barrel, depending on the boards used, is 2.5-5 meters. The structure is secured with metal hoops. Additionally, the bathhouse can be equipped with a porch, roof, and canopy.

The water in the barrel bath is drained through holes in the floor. If you plan to install such a bathhouse at your dacha, you should remove the layer of soil, cover it with crushed stone, compact it, and install the bathhouse itself on a pair of stable, massive concrete blocks. The rules for installing the stove and laying electrical wiring are standard for any type wooden baths, including economy class.

Having spent the whole day fruitfully at your summer cottage, it is appropriate to start your relaxation with a visit to the bathhouse, where you can take a steam bath and in this way relieve accumulated fatigue. It is unnecessary to talk about the benefits of such procedures for the human body; this has long been a proven fact. The only thing left to do is to determine where the bathhouse should be located in the country and build it with your own hands. You will learn how to do this correctly from our article with step by step instructions for the construction of this popular structure.

Construction stages

To make a sauna yourself, you need to outline a clear procedure:

Choose a suitable location for construction.
Design a bathhouse building and determine its dimensions in accordance with needs, wishes and capabilities.
Select building materials and calculate their quantity according to the developed project.
Prepare the site and make the foundation.
Build walls, partitions and roofing.
Carry out the interior arrangement - install communications, install a sauna stove and organize ventilation.

Best option baths are a separate building, an extension to the house - this is economical, but inconvenient. There are no strict requirements for the placement of the building, except for one thing - compliance with fire safety standards. Based on them and taking into account the common wishes of dacha owners, we will give the following recommendations for choosing a location:

plan the construction site somewhere in the backyard, in a quiet place and as far away from neighbors as possible;
the optimal distance to a country house is 8-10 m;
excellent location - next to the home pool or on the shore of a pond;
think over the question of how to inexpensively connect water supply, sewerage and electricity to the bathhouse;
outbuildings from where they can be heard unpleasant odors(garage, barn, stable) should be as far as possible from the designed building.

Site plan with the location of the bathhouse

Note. If you decide to start building a bathhouse near a pond, then you need to foresee the possibility of flooding and take measures in advance, for example, raising the level of the clean floor higher.

Step one - choosing a project

Unlike similar structures erected next to private houses, 2 main requirements are put forward for a dacha building:

A summer cottage bath should be designed for daily washing after working day and fast heating. If warming up the steam room lasts for half a day, then it is easier and more convenient to use summer shower.
The design is designed to be as simple and cheap as possible. We do not take cases where the country house is a two-story cottage and the sauna should look like it.

Reference. For those who do not want to engage in construction in principle, there are options for ready-made mini-baths. For example, a mobile bathhouse in the form of a trailer for a car or a finished product in the shape of a barrel, shown in the photo.

In order for the steam room to be heated quickly, its size needs to be optimized for the number of people who constantly live in the country and take bath procedures. This will not create any problems for guests who can take turns washing. The drawing below shows the plan of a 3 x 3 m mini-bath, designed for two people to stay at the same time:

As you can see, the small house is divided into only 2 rooms - a relaxation room and a steam room combined with a shower. Because this budget option saunas, then the ceiling height is small - up to 2.7 m. If you need to divide the rooms and increase the size, you can take as a basis the layout of the building 5 x 3 m, shown in the following drawing.

Note. The terrace is shown in the picture conditionally and is built according to your wishes and dimensions.

For comfortable washing and relaxation of 4 people, the total area of all rooms in the bathhouse should be 20 m², 5 m² for each person. Then a 5 x 4 m building diagram with a large open terrace is suitable for you:

Stage two - selection of materials

In general, bathhouses are usually made from various building materials - bricks, blocks and even sandwich panels. But the best option is a tree and here's why:

wood is a natural, eco-friendly material;
it is easy to process with a minimum of tools;
lumber is affordable;
wooden structures are lightweight and do not require a powerful foundation (with the exception of log houses).

Bathhouse built using frame technology

When constructing a bathhouse, the environmental cleanliness of the constituent elements plays a special role. It's all about the high temperature, due to which building materials that are harmless under normal conditions begin to release compounds that negatively affect the health of those washing. Therefore, it is extremely undesirable to use any artificial insulation - mineral wool and polymers - in a bath house. What to use:

dried timber with a section of 15 x 15 or 10 x 15 cm;
edged boards 150 x 50 or 150 x 40 mm;
finishing lining;
materials for caulking – jute, moss, flax;
natural insulation materials - expanded clay, sawdust, clay and so on.

Log bathhouse

Note. For vapor and waterproofing, it is allowed to use polyethylene films and special membranes that allow moisture to pass in one direction.

A few words about how best to build a bathhouse from lumber, or more precisely, about the design of the walls. There are 3 methods to choose from:

Installation using frame technology.
Prefabricated timber structure.
Walls made of logs (log house).

The preferred option is a bathhouse built with your own hands from timber, shown in the photo below. It meets all the requirements and is relatively inexpensive. Yes, frame building costs less, but is used for insulation basalt wool, which releases carcinogenic substances when heated. The log house is environmentally friendly, but requires construction strip foundation, and this means an increase in the cost of the project. In addition, the logs must be able to be connected correctly to make the structure beautiful and warm.

Advice. If you want your bathhouse to look like a log house, nothing prevents you from building it from timber, and then finishing it with a block house that imitates a log.

We are building a turnkey country bathhouse

Before you start construction work it is necessary to prepare the selected site. Remove unnecessary objects, stones and vegetation from it in order to calmly begin marking. If the site has a slight slope, then it is advisable to level the site.

Using pegs, rope and measuring instruments, make markings to outline the contours of the future building. Make sure that the setbacks from other buildings correspond to your calculations, and then mark the installation points for the foundation supports. Usually they are placed like this: 4 corner posts, and between them - intermediate supports with an interval of no more than 1.5 m. For the installation of internal partitions and logs in the middle, several more rows of posts are planned.

Base structure

We took the columnar type foundation as the basis as it is the simplest and cheapest to implement. There is no point in pouring a concrete strip under a small country bathhouse, unless it is built from a log and therefore has a decent weight. The work algorithm is as follows:

In the places marked with pegs, dig holes 0.7-1.2 m deep, depending on the location of the stable soil layer. Make the dimensions of the recesses 20 cm larger than the dimensions of the future columns so that they can be conveniently laid out.
Compact the bases and sprinkle them with sand to a height of 10-15 cm, and on top make a so-called footing 40 mm thick from cement-sand mortar.
Lay out brick or cinder block posts to the required height. Inside each, insert reinforcing bars with a diameter of 12-14 mm to secure the beams.
After the solution has hardened, treat the masonry with bitumen mastic, which provides waterproofing, and lay regular roofing felt on top (2 layers are needed).
Fill the depressions around the supports with soil and compact it.

If the soil at the dacha is oversaturated with moisture and is subject to frost heaving, then the columnar and strip foundations will not last long. In winter, the freezing soil will push it out and the structure will warp. Since the depth of the unstable horizon sometimes reaches 3 m, the pile-screw foundation shown in the photograph will serve as a reliable foundation here. Laying so much concrete is simply unrealistic and pointless.

The essence of the idea is to screw piles with blades into the ground to the required depth so that they reach dense soil that does not allow subsidence. The wet soil will not be able to push them back - the blades will get in the way. The construction of a pile-screw foundation is described in detail in the video:

Construction Guide

The crucial moment is the installation of the first crown. The beams are laid on supports, aligned horizontally and at the corners, and then secured. If you need to connect 2 beams to increase the length, then the joining is performed on one of the foundation pillars by cutting into half a tree.

Attention! Before erecting wooden bath structures, all elements should be impregnated with an antiseptic.

Connect the bars at the corners in the simplest way - “in the paw”. To speed up the process, make a template for cutting the ends, shown in the diagram:

Before combining the sawn beams, lay the joint with caulk - jute or flax fiber. Repeat the same action before laying subsequent crowns so that there are no gaps between the elements. Connect every 3 rows of bars with steel staples - dowels, as prescribed in the diagram:

To cut internal partitions into external walls, it is necessary to saw out each beam to obtain a half-wood connection, as shown in the figure. Other cutting methods are also shown there, but they are more difficult for a novice carpenter to implement.

Note. Using the presented connection diagram, you can assemble walls with cuts, as is done in log houses. But keep in mind that the consumption of timber will increase.

During the installation process, check the vertical position and, if necessary, adjust the position of the elements before installing the dowel. Having reached the design height, lay the boards around the perimeter (on technical language- Mauerlat) and proceed to assembly rafter system gable roof, whose design is reflected in the photo:

The installation procedure is as follows:

Attach transverse beams to the Mauerlat in increments of 0.5-0.6 mm.
Place in the center of each crossbar vertical stand. Rafters are attached to it, resting the other end on the mauerlat.
To support the rafters, place 2 slanting lintels on each beam. Nail the sheathing boards on top.
Cover the sheathing with diffusion membrane sheets and nail it with strips. Install a roof covering made of slate, corrugated sheets or metal tiles.
Support the ceiling beams from below with clapboard. Sew up the gables with the same material.

Thermal insulation of ceilings with sawdust

To prevent heat from escaping through the roof, be sure to insulate the ceiling. Use sawdust mixed with clay, vermiculite or expanded clay. Do not lay the floors until you have installed communications into the building - water supply and sewerage. The construction of a bathhouse from timber is described in great detail and in an accessible way in the video:

Interior arrangement

The organization of water supply and wastewater disposal begins at the stage of foundation construction. While the solution hardens brickwork pillars, you should dig trenches for communications, as was done in the example in the diagram:

To fully equip a bathhouse in your country house, you need to complete the following work:

Lay water and sewer pipes along the trenches (the former should lie higher than the latter) with outlets at the designated points. At the entrance to the building, insulate these communications.
Place at least 30 cm of expanded clay on the ground so that it forms a trench under the steam room and washing room. Place a sewer pipe into the gutter and fill cement screed, as shown in the diagram below. After this, you can sew up the floors with boards.
Install plumbing fixtures and connect them to the supply pipes. Install sinks and siphons.
Make lighting by connecting it to the mains via an RCD. Use lamps and switches that are not afraid of moisture, and hide the wires inside special corrugated sleeves.
Organize ventilation by installing adjustable wood dampers in the outer walls.
Build wooden shelves and place them in the steam room.

Installation of an inclined subfloor in a steam room

A separate issue is the installation of a sauna stove. There is no need to build a brick one, it is too time-consuming and expensive. It is better to install a metal one (you can make it homemade) with a firebox placed in the dressing room. The recommendation for installing a chimney is this: take insulated sandwich pipes and try to immediately lead the duct to the street so that you don’t have to go through the attic and roof. The wooden walls of the steam room must be protected from the stove with steel sheets - this is a fire safety requirement.

Installation of a sauna stove and crossing wooden floors with a chimney

Conclusion

From the above, the conclusion suggests itself: to build even a simple bathhouse in a country house you will need to put in a lot of effort. But don’t let this bother you, imagine that to complete all the work you have hired a team of builders who will present you with a hefty bill. Add here the time spent supervising construction and the unknown number of mistakes made by workers. Here it is worth remembering the proverb adapted to the occasion: if you want to make a bathhouse well, build it yourself.

Design engineer with more than 8 years of experience in construction.
Graduated from the East Ukrainian National University. Vladimir Dal with a degree in Electronics Industry Equipment in 2011.

Small bathhouses for a summer residence - several interesting projects for self-construction

Bath- this is one of the main buildings on the modern personal plot. Here you can relax and take a break from household and garden work while improving your health. However, in order to bath building functioned correctly, during its construction you should take into account a number of nuances.

Traditional sauna includes several functional premises, however, due to territorial limitations personal plots, home craftsmen strive to reduce the size of the structure as much as possible. Sometimes this reduces the area of the premises, and in some cases some of them have to be abandoned altogether.

This article outlines several useful tips By design and construction of small bath structures.

Features of bath buildings

Traditional Russian bath was made of wood. However, today such buildings can be erected from any building blocks.

Ideally bath building should include the following premises:

Waiting room. This is an ordinary hallway or dressing room, in which there is a closet where the clothes of bathhouse visitors are hung, as well as a place to store fuel.
Rest room- usually the largest room in the bathhouse, where there is a table where you can have tea and have conversations with friends.
Washing, where a container of water is located for receiving cooling procedures.
Steam room — main place in the bath, Where stove-stove being installed, heating the air in the steam room.

Unfortunately, due to space saving, such a set of rooms is not present in every bath, which will be discussed below.

Reasons for building a small bathhouse

These days small sauna for the cottage can be built for several reasons:

Lack of free space.
Low price, because the costs for small-sized construction will be much lower.
For practical reasons. The smaller the building, the lighter it is and puts less pressure on the foundation, therefore, it is easier to maintain it in proper condition. And there is simply no need for a single person or a small family to build a whole mansion for bathing procedures.

About the distribution of space in small baths

If your goal is do-it-yourself small sauna in the country, then to save space you should listen to these tips:

Waiting room And rest room Most often they are combined into one large room. Naturally, if you do not plan to use the bathhouse by several people at once, then it is better to make the rest room a small, cozy room, placing a table for four people and four stools here.

Advice! Should only be used simple wooden furniture . Upholstered furniture covered with leather or fabric is not suitable for such rooms, because constant humidity will have an extremely negative impact on appearance such upholstery.

You also need to decide from which room the fuel will be loaded into the stove.

Often the oven is loaded from the rest room, because:

It is more convenient to store firewood here; in this case, there is no need to bring it into the steam room.
Despite small sizes steam room, loading fuel from this room will be inconvenient.

Along one wall there is a place for storing firewood, a stove door and a door to the steam room.
On the opposite wall there is a wardrobe and a table with chairs.

Advice! The interior of the rest room should be as simple as possible. Before you decorate it various items, think about whether they are suitable for the given premises. Skins and stuffed animals are clearly a bad choice.

If you are planning to build a very small bathhouse (for example, 3 by 3 meters), then you can completely abandon the rest room.

In this case, you need to do the following:

At the entrance there is a small hallway that contains a closet and space for storing fuel.
Fuel is loaded in the steam room.
The interior consists of three rooms: an entrance hall, a sink and a steam room.

Calculation of space for bathhouse premises

Wishing build a small bathhouse, it is very important not to overdo it, because considerations of saving space should not be higher than the functionality of the room.

The volume of the rest room should be calculated taking into account the fact that each visitor has 2-3 square meters of area.
The area of the washing room is calculated similarly to the rest room.
The steam room may be more crowded; here one and a half to two square meters per person.

It is advisable that there is one small window in each room. This will save you energy costs when taking bath procedures in daytime days.

Advice! Windows should be located at a height above the height of the average person, that is, at a distance of 185-190 cm from the floor.

Construction planning- a very important stage, since it is during the development of the plan that the further comfort from using the bathhouse is determined. Therefore, compiling project of a small bathhouse for a summer residence, you should compare all the pros and cons as much as possible to get the most functional structure.

Small bathhouses for a summer residence photo

Washing in a country bathhouse is a pleasure available to everyone. Its construction does not require large financial investments. In a minimal plan, such a structure is erected in a few days.

In this article we will look at the topic of how to build the simplest bathhouse at your dacha quickly and inexpensively.

Let's start by studying ready-made options, and discuss the designs of walls, floors, stoves and sewers that are popular among craftsmen.

The main conditions for the comfort of any bath are:

Walls, floor and ceiling well protected from heat loss.
Reliable insulation of structures from water and steam.
Compact, quick heating oven.
Effective sewerage and ventilation.

Examples of country baths

In photo No. 1 we see a simple bathhouse, reminiscent of Diogenes’ barrel. You can only take a steam bath in it. You won't be able to wash yourself here because there is no sewage system in the building. However, if desired, it is not difficult to do. To do this, you need to install a standard shower tray in the corner of the bathhouse and lead the drain pipe into the septic tank.

Photo No. 1 Build such a “barrel sauna” at your dacha and steam to your heart’s content

An important advantage of this design is its low weight, allowing it to be placed on a plank terrace.

The device itself the simplest bath from the container category is shown in photo No. 2.

Photo No. 2 Option for a container country bath

It consists of one steam room. For washing, the owner needs to attach a canopy with a summer shower or add a sewerage system to the room, and the stove - a tank for heating water.

Photo No. 3

Improvising on the theme of a barrel-shaped bath, let’s pay attention to cellular polycarbonate. It can be quickly and easily assembled original design. In order for it to retain heat well, it will take two large sheets this material and a frame made of metal or wooden bars. A mineral wool insulation 10 cm thick is laid between them.

Photo No. 4

The ends of the building can be made from boards, stuffed onto an insulated wooden frame. Place such a bathhouse anywhere: at your dacha, on a polar ice floe or on the top of Everest and you will always be comfortable in its steam room (photo No. 5).

Photo No. 5 Simple barrel-shaped bathhouse

A small Russian bathhouse, made from scraps of timber, can be installed on oak posts. We see an example of such a structure in photograph No. 6.

Photo No. 6 Oak posts are an excellent support for a small wooden bathhouse

Larger structures require their own foundation. There are three options here:

Rubble concrete tape.
Brick columns.
Piles made of asbestos cement pipes.

Do not forget that the type of foundation affects the choice of material and wall design. Pile and columnar foundations are used to install a wooden frame, as well as for bathhouses made of timber or logs (photos No. 7 and No. 8).

Photo No. 7 Bathhouse made of SIP panels on screw piles

Photo No. 8 Brick columns – best option for timber, log and frame structures

The “tape” of rubble concrete is suitable for any walls (made of gas silicate blocks, logs and frames).

Photo No. 9

A cheap, reliable and simple version of a bathhouse is obtained using a technology called “clay mortar”. For such a structure you will need little: a truck of firewood, a cart of straw and a dump truck of clay (photo No. 10).

Photo No. 10

The best shape for a wood burning structure is round. It eliminates the need to reinforce masonry corners and looks aesthetically pleasing and original.

Borrowing from birds the technology of building nests from branches and clay, you can build such a simple and warm bath(photo no. 11).

Photo No. 11 Wicker frame coated with clay - “know-how” of an inexpensive bathhouse design

For exterior finishing For a frame bath, we can recommend the following materials:

Wooden blockhouse.
Metal tiles or corrugated sheets.
Plastic siding.
Cement particle board (CSB).
OSB board.
Flat slate.

It is best to use ecowool as insulation. It does not accumulate moisture, does not rot and does not burn. If ecowool is not available in your region, then you can buy ordinary mineral insulation in the form of a semi-rigid slab. It is easily and simply placed in the spaces between the frame posts.

To protect mineral wool from water vapor and reduce heat loss, the walls are lined with sheets of foil polyethylene. After that, a frame of slats is attached to them and trimmed with wood: alder, linden or pine clapboard (photo No. 12).

Photo No. 12 Steam and heat insulation of the walls of a country bathhouse built from any material

We do not recommend installing OSB board indoors. This material releases toxic gases when exposed to high temperatures.

Options for steam and thermal insulation of walls of a frame structure, as well as a bathhouse built from blocks or logs, are presented in Figure No. 1.

Rice. No. 1

Building a simple bathhouse with your own hands includes sewerage. It can be made from standard plastic pipes led into a cesspool or drainage well.

The water intake funnel is placed in the center or in the corner of the room, and the floor is made in the form of expanded clay concrete screed with a slope towards the drain. Before concreting, you need to compact the soil and cover it with several layers of waterproofing. Wooden floor- an excellent option, but in the bathhouse it quickly rots and requires replacement. Instead, we recommend making gratings from wooden slats and lay them on a concrete screed. After washing, they can be removed, taken outside and dried.

Photo No. 13

The design of the bath ceiling is standard. First, a vapor barrier film is “attached” to the rafters and counter-battens (3x4 cm) are stuffed. A clapboard cladding is attached to them. The gaps between the rafters are filled with insulation and covered with under-roofing film. It protects it from weathering and atmospheric moisture (Fig. No. 2).

Fig No. 2 Ceiling structure of a country bathhouse

A counter-lattice is stuffed onto the film, creating a ventilated gap between the roof and the insulation. The work on installing the ceiling and roof is completed by installing the main sheathing and laying the roofing material (slate or metal tiles).

The main “detail” of any country bathhouse is the stove. It should provide rapid heating of the air and maintain a high temperature. A metal stove heats up the fastest.

To accumulate heat and create steam, it must be equipped with a compartment for stones. There are many options for stoves for simple baths, so we will not dwell on them in detail. Let's just say that the easiest way to make a heat generator is from a large-diameter steel pipe, an old gas cylinder or barrel (photo No. 14). Another easy-to-use material is steel sheet 3-5 mm thick (photo No. 15).

Photo No. 14-15 A simple stove made of a pipe and a stove made of ferrous metal

Mastering the simplest techniques welding work, you can assemble such a structure without outside help.

What and how to build a simple bathhouse in the country?

What and how to build a simple bathhouse in the country? Washing in a country bathhouse is a pleasure available to everyone. Its construction does not require large financial investments. In a minimal layout this is

How to build a bathhouse in the country

It is difficult to meet a dacha owner who does not dream of a bathhouse. For this purpose, you can invite specialists or try to master the construction yourself. For beginners, it is better to choose a room project made from timber. Recommendations on how to build a bathhouse on own dacha, will help to create an overall picture of the process.

Selecting a location

The right location is the key to future comfortable relaxation and long-term operation of the facility. To build a bathhouse with your own hands, it is important to find a site so that external factors do not disturb the peaceful atmosphere and at the same time you do not cause inconvenience to your neighbors in the country. The following recommendations will help you choose the space where it will be most practical to build a bathhouse:

The facility should not be built in close proximity to water bodies to prevent soil erosion as a result of floods.
Dust from a road or field is of no use, so try to build a bathhouse in the backyard, in the shade of trees.
An effective ventilation system and properly equipped sewage drainage with your own hands will prevent the spread of unpleasant odors throughout the area.
The south side of the dacha site contributes better lighting baths, while creating a barrier to the wind.
In order not to disturb neighbors, it is better to build the object away from adjacent areas.
A sauna made of timber is more susceptible to fire, so it is better to build it away from other rooms in the dacha. If it is adjacent to a house, fire safety measures should be strengthened as much as possible.
Minimum distance between the bathhouse and the sources drinking water at the dacha is 20 m.
It is advisable to install the door with south side to make it easier to clear snowdrifts with your own hands in winter. It is practical to install windows on the western side of the site to allow watching the sunset.

Video material will help you get an overall picture of the construction of the bathhouse:

Design

Any bathhouse needs project preparation. With a modest budget at your dacha, you can build a small-sized steam room from 3x4 m timber.

A standard timber bathhouse includes a steam room, a washing compartment and a dressing room, which simultaneously serves as a relaxation room. Do-it-yourself construction involves choosing the most convenient arrangement of rooms and their sizes for you.

To build a house in your country house yourself, you need to have the following sketches:

general design of the bathhouse;
foundation arrangement diagram;
beam fastening algorithm;
roof installation procedure;
floor and ceiling drawings;
separate plan for each room;
stove installation project.

A compact bathhouse made of 3x4 m timber or a spacious 6x8 building is built in a similar way. Therefore, you can draw up drawings with your own hands, having previously read the recommendations of professionals. If desired, a special project is ordered from a specialized company.

The finished bath project is used to calculate the volume necessary materials. You will need:

Beam with a section of 150x150 mm.
It is recommended to construct the floor from 4-meter edged boards 15x5 cm.
The ceiling is installed from lining, minimum dimensions which are 10x2 cm.
It is also convenient to carry out the interior decoration of a bathhouse in a country house using clapboard.
A vapor barrier film will perform the vapor barrier function perfectly.
Penofol is used as waterproofing material, polyethylene film is suitable for the same purpose.
To insulate the ceiling of a bathhouse, it is practical to purchase mineral wool materials.
Insulation of the wooden parts of the bathhouse from high temperatures is carried out with sheet asbestos. Building a safe steam room from timber with your own hands means taking proper care of all the nuances. In addition to protecting the panels near the hot stove, the bathhouse area near the chimney is also covered with sheet asbestos.
Jute is suitable as insulation for the space between the crowns; in extreme cases, use moss and tow.
A bathhouse in a country house is impossible without a foundation. To equip it you will need sand, cement and crushed stone.
The design of the roof depends solely on your own preferences.

It is better to start building a bathhouse in the spring, so that after the main stage of construction is completed, the wood will remain for a six-month winter. During this period, the timber will dry and give the necessary shrinkage.

Foundation arrangement

If you strive to do everything right, you won’t be able to quickly build a steam room from timber with your own hands at the dacha. At the initial stage, the area for the bathhouse must be cleared of debris, tree roots and shrubs. The next step is to build a foundation at the dacha; for a bathhouse made of timber, it is practical to choose the option of a columnar support structure. To build it correctly, use the recommendations of the experts:

Getting ready required quantity recesses for installing pillars. Mandatory installation locations for supports: at the corners of the bathhouse, the intersection points of internal partitions, along the perimeter of the building.
The installation step is determined based on the type of soil and the designed load of the bathhouse on the foundation. A 3x4 m object planned for a dacha does not need a powerful supporting structure; a more spacious bathhouse should stand on a solid foundation.
The optimal depth of the pits is 1.0-1.5 m; depending on the level of soil freezing where the bathhouse will be located, these parameters may change.
A sand-crushed stone cushion with a layer of 10-15 cm is formed at the bottom of the pit.
The asbestos-cement pipe is inserted strictly vertically, reinforcing bars are placed inside, after which the space inside and outside the pipes is filled with cement mixture.
After hardening, a brick wall is laid between the pillars.

Construction of walls and roofs

To decorate the walls of a bathhouse in the country with your own hands, it is recommended to purchase 150x150 mm timber.

To build smooth walls, after laying the first crown, the timber is leveled in all respects. Typically, do-it-yourself installation is done using the “hands-on” method. When forming the side surfaces of a bathhouse in the country, do not forget to leave window and door openings. The installation of crowns is carried out using wooden dowels. Build in the country quality sauna from timber, insulating each crown with jute or other heat-insulating material will help.

When the walls of the bathhouse are laid under the roof, the rafters are fixed in accordance with the planned roof configuration. Installation of rafters to the last crown of a bathhouse made of timber is carried out with staples. If you want to build a pitched roof with your own hands, the rafters are secured with internal and external supports. It is also possible to install two external supports for the roof of the bathhouse. The lower ends of the gable roof rest on the walls, and their upper edges create a ridge.

After forming the rafters, the sheathing should be built. The roof of the bathhouse requires the installation of materials that provide heat, steam and waterproofing of the room. After this, the roof of the bathhouse is covered with roofing.

Internal equipment

Building a foundation, wall and roof with your own hands is not enough. A bathhouse at the dacha needs to be equipped with communications. Things to consider:

Installation of sewer drains is carried out at the stage of forming the foundation of the bathhouse. To do this, a drainage well or pit is prepared outside the building. A pipe with a slope is laid between the drainage point and the steam room.

When the installation of the bathhouse sewer is completed, the floor can be built. It can be made of wood or concrete. In the latter case, the surface is tiled. This option for a bathhouse in the country is more practical from the point of view of long-term operation.
If you want to build wood covering, it is made leaky. The essence of the installation is simple: the boards are nailed onto the logs with a gap. When forming a small hatch for drains, it is closed with a grate.

The inside of the timber bathhouse is decorated with materials that prevent the penetration of moisture.
Doors and double-glazed windows are being installed.
To build a comfortable steam room, you should worry about the availability of running water and electricity. At the final stage, they install lighting fixtures, resistant to moisture.

Installation of oven and shelves

You can build shelves to suit your taste. In order to safely operate a bathhouse in the country, it is advisable to ensure that there are no sharp corners in the structure, since slipping indoors is quite easy. Do-it-yourself installation is quite simple: initially a frame made of timber is fixed, then the supports are decorated with boards.

The bathhouse at the dacha is equipped with various models of stoves, among the possible options:

build a traditional heater with your own hands;
install a metal structure;
buy an electric heater.

At the final stage, the bathhouse at the dacha is supplemented with the necessary accessories:

birch and oak brooms;
buckets, tubs and a mug for adding water;
wooden gratings, etc.

If you manage to build spacious room for relaxation, the bathhouse is decorated with a TV panel, upholstered furniture, utensils for tea or soft drinks. These little things are especially relevant if the bathhouse in the country has a terrace.

How to build a bathhouse in the country

How to build a bathhouse in a dacha It is difficult to meet a dacha owner who does not dream of a bathhouse. For this purpose, you can invite specialists or try to master the construction yourself. For beginners

Bathhouse at the dacha

Usually a bathhouse in a country house is one of the first buildings on the site, and this is not surprising, because it can be used as temporary housing during the construction of a house.

Today we will talk about how to build a Russian bathhouse yourself, how to lay a foundation for it, build walls, and how best to arrange a stove so that the bathhouse looks like a Russian village.

How to build a bathhouse in the country

It is necessary to begin the construction of a bathhouse by drawing up an estimate for the layout and construction of the main building. But first of all, you need to have an idea of the work ahead.

1. Selection and laying of the foundation. The option for laying the foundation depends on the design of the structure, the terrain and the type of soil. The base for the bathhouse can be strip, pile or columnar.

2. Construction of walls. For this stage, choose natural materials.

3. In the case of building a two-story Russian bathhouse, think about the floors between the floors. A publication about a house made of timber built with your own hands will help with this.

4. Construction of the roof.

5. Insulation of walls, ceiling and floor outside and inside the bathhouse.

6. Exterior finishing.

7. Construction of the stove and chimney.

8. Installation of doors, windows and flooring.

9. Interior wall decoration.

10. Arrangement of the premises.

We will analyze the main stages of construction.

Determining the location of the bathhouse in the country

If there is a river next to the future building, then install a bathhouse near a reservoir at a distance of 15 m from the water in order to eliminate the possibility of flooding.

Is there a road near your bathhouse? Then install the bathhouse away from it, on the opposite side of the selected area.

A bathhouse in a country house can be a separate building or a combined building with a house, greenhouse or summer kitchen.

There is an opinion that dampness and unpleasant odors appear in combined bathhouses, but if you follow sanitary and hygienic standards, correctly install waterproofing, ventilation and sewerage, you will be able to avoid such troubles.

Often the entrance to the bathhouse is made in the form of a veranda or terrace, and a recreation area is built nearby, where benches and tables are placed, trees are planted and a fountain is erected in an artificial reservoir.

Dimensions and layout of a bathhouse in the country

The size of the bath, of course, varies depending on your wishes; we will analyze the commonly used standards. Typically, the dimensions of a bathhouse in a dacha with your own hands are 6x4 m or 6x6 m; less often, rather small 3.6x3.6 m bathhouses are built.

These sizes are usually enough for a layout that can accommodate a steam room and a dressing room, which also serves as a relaxation room. You can also include space for toilet, shower and fuel storage.

Various literature sources recommend considering the following ratio of steam room and sink as 1:1. The locker room, in turn, in a common room should occupy a fifth of the total area. This ratio, of course, are not strict proportions, but it is advisable to take them into account.

Do-it-yourself bathhouse foundation

For reliable construction, it is necessary to choose the right foundation.

For dry and homogeneous soil, the following bookmark is suitable:

Place flat stones on the soil at the corners of the bathhouse, at the junction of the outer and inner walls, approximately one meter apart.

Place the lower crowns in the form of beams on top.

Treat the wood with an antiseptic or lubricate it with hot bitumen.

Fill the space between the stones with clay.

When constructing a foundation like this, the stones can be placed in a continuous strip, and a layer of waterproofing can be laid on top.

For wooden buildings suitable: columnar, strip and pile type of foundation.

Find out how to lay a strip foundation with your own hands by going to the “Building a House” section of the site. It is with a strip foundation that a bathhouse in a dacha will become a reliable structure.

The columnar foundation is laid using asbestos pipes, which are dug into the ground at a distance of 70 cm, and then filled with concrete.

Then it is built wooden formwork, which will connect the pillars and give the foundation strength.

A screw or pile base for a bathhouse is ideal for heaving soils. This type of foundation involves the installation of piles made of metal or concrete, laid in a certain way.

How to build walls for a bathhouse

One of the best materials timber and logs are used for the walls of the bathhouse. Recently, bathhouses built from frame walls, due to the simplicity of structure and use inexpensive materials These buildings are often used by many builders.

The next layers of logs are placed perpendicular to the first and connected “into a cup”. Such a connection is considered one of the simplest and least labor-intensive; it is also called a “lock” connection.

Then a groove is made on one side of the log, and a tenon on the other log. Afterwards the logs are stacked on top of each other. This connection is made with a tool called a “dash”; this tool will measure the required height and width of the recess.

Afterwards, a recess is cut out using an ax according to the marked marks, the main volume of which is removed with a chainsaw in order to save effort and time. If the log house of the bathhouse is built from timber, then you will need special machine, working with which you will get bars with the same and high-quality processing.

Line the spacer between the logs with tape insulation made from jute or flax and secure with a stapler.

1. Logs are laid out across the room towards the window at a short distance from each other.

2. Boards are placed on top in a checkerboard pattern and close to each other.

3. The boards are nailed.

4. The finished floor is treated with a primer.

Construction of a roof for a bathhouse in the country

After building the walls, start building the roof with your own hands.

Find out more about the types of roofs for your home by following this link.

Many amateurs most often begin to construct a roof using the following method described below.

First, a mauerlat (thick beam) is attached along the entire perimeter of the upper part of the walls of the summerhouse bathhouse using anchor bolts.

Such a wooden beam is intended to connect the future truss and the main walls of the building. After the base beam has been laid, work on laying the roof should be carried out in the following way:

Installation of a roof truss, the shape of which depends on what type of roof you choose.

Construction of sheathing, which is a paving or plank mounting grid.

The next move of the building depends on what type of roof you have chosen.

Now insulate the walls, floor and ceiling. When insulating the floor, its installation technology may differ slightly from that proposed. Read more about this in the article insulation wooden house with your own hands.

Thus, after the construction of the wall frame, insulation is laid out, then a vapor barrier in the form of aluminum foil and again a board that will serve internal walls steam rooms

Do-it-yourself steam room in a Russian bathhouse at the dacha

The structure of a steam room in a bathhouse at the dacha is quite primitive. Its main elements are the stove and shelves.

The brick stove is a heater, you can lay it out yourself.

Metal and electric ovens.

The last two types are purchased in specialized stores in already finished form and are supplemented based on your own wishes, for example, you can choose the type of fuel as firewood, stone, coal or liquid/gaseous fuel.

Also popular are stoves made from soapstone, a durable rock.

This stone is famous for its healing properties and allows you to warm up the steam room quite well.

The steam room has a low threshold and a small door, which is additionally insulated. Windows are most often abandoned to retain heat.

Upon completion of construction, the bathhouse at the dacha should be equipped according to your wishes.

Construction of a bathhouse in the country: choice of material and process of self-construction

As you know, in order to relax comfortably, you need to work hard. This phrase can also be applied to a dacha, since things are always busy there. And the bathhouse will have the right place there, because without it it is almost impossible to organize a proper rest.

It is simply necessary so that after excavation work the summer resident can not only swim, but also relax in the steam room with a broom, thereby cleansing and healing his body. In a word, such a structure is a very important and necessary dacha attribute.

Photo of a small bathhouse made of profiled timber on a columnar foundation.

True, not everyone can afford to order a bath from specialists, and the price finished products much more expensive than, for example, making it yourself. Therefore, the question of how to build a bathhouse at your dacha yourself is very relevant today among owners of suburban areas.

Which material to choose?

Photo of profiled timber.

So, if you decide to build such a useful structure with your own hands, then at the first stage a dilemma will arise as to which bathhouse is best to build at the dacha, since the list of materials for this is now quite extensive. And since the dacha, as a rule, is visited by many people seasonally, there is no point in considering expensive options.

Most people will ask how to build a summer bathhouse at the dacha so that it turns out to be inexpensive, yet strong and functional? There are no specific instructions for this, but there is a correct solution.

In this case, it is more advisable to focus your attention on more cost-effective materials, from which, despite the relatively low cost, you can also build a high-quality and reliable structure. Currently these include brick or profiled timber.

But how to choose between these two options? To make the picture clear, you should consider the characteristics of each bathhouse, built either from brick or timber.

Brick buildings have the following features:

shrinks a lot;
have good fire resistance;
during construction they require a lot of time and labor;
reliable;
more durable;
takes a long time to heat up;
the final price is more expensive than timber;
Internal wall cladding is required.

A brick bathhouse requires additional wall cladding.

A timber bathhouse has the following characteristics:

minimal shrinkage;
high environmental friendliness;
timber creates a special atmosphere inside the room with a pleasant smell;
internal wall cladding is not needed;
attractive appearance;
quickly and easily erected (from 5 to 10 days);
costs less than brick.

Thus, it is clear that brick bath, unlike timber, is attractive only in terms of durability and fire resistance. However, if something happens, the walls covered with smoke will be of no use, since they will still need to be demolished.

In a word, a bathhouse made of profiled timber is the most the right decision. Therefore, we will next consider how to build a bathhouse at the dacha from this material.

Step-by-step construction of a country bathhouse made of timber

Like any construction, the construction of a bathhouse requires correct selection locations, and determination of building parameters, and much more. Therefore, we will study these issues gradually.

Selecting a site for development and optimal parameters

A true example of the location of a bathhouse.

The most suitable place for a bathhouse is some distant corner of the site. Considering that it is a potentially fire hazardous object, according to safety regulations it is better to place it away from residential buildings. Engineering communication systems will need to be connected to the bathhouse, so its location should be such that it is convenient to lay them.

If there is a body of water nearby, then near it there will be a perfect place for such a structure, because after taking the paired procedures, plunge into cold water- unheard of pleasure. However, the distance between the building and the reservoir should not be less than 20 m, which will avoid flooding in the future.

Pay attention! The place for the bath should be level, without high drops.

As for the dimensions of the bathhouse, it is better to build it small, since such a structure will take less effort, time and money. Since the correct arrangement of a bathhouse in a country house should include a dressing room, a shower, and a steam room, then, as practice has shown, a building with an area of 6 by 6 m can be considered optimal.

The photo shows the optimal arrangement of a bathhouse in the country (project 6 by 6 m).

Construction of a columnar foundation for a bathhouse.

To build a bathhouse, either a strip or column base is often used. The choice of one option or another depends on the type of local soil.

Important! At the stage of laying the foundation, you should definitely take care of the sewage system. To do this, a drainage well is dug outside the building.

So, if the soil at the building site is slightly heaving, it is better to give preference to a columnar base. To install it, pillars are placed along the entire perimeter of the future structure in all places where loads will occur: in the corners, at the junction points of internal partitions and external walls. Typically the interval between supports is 1.5-2 m.

Pay attention! The denser the soil on the site, the easier and cheaper it will be to lay a columnar foundation.

Construction of a strip foundation for a bathhouse.

If the soil at the building site is heaving, then a strip foundation should be laid.

It is done as follows:

First, the area is marked with pegs along the perimeter of the future bathhouse, and then a cord is stretched between them. The foundation must repeat all internal design walls.
Next you need to dig trenches. Their depth will depend on the occurrence of groundwater.
After this, sand should be poured into a layer of 10-20 cm at the bottom of the trenches. It should be lightly watered and compacted thoroughly.
Then the same layer of gravel is applied.
At the last stage, reinforcement is laid on a pre-made sand and gravel cushion, after which the formwork is installed and then concrete mortar is poured into it.

Pay attention! The strip base must rise above the soil by about 15 cm. In addition, its width is greater than the cross-section of the beam by about 10 cm.

After laying the foundation, the surface must be treated with a layer of molten bitumen. Then roofing felt is placed on top.

Arrangement of insulating layers on a strip foundation.

Wall construction process

At the first stage of this process, the strapping and the first crowns are laid from profiled timber with a section of 20 by 20 cm, which must be treated with an antiseptic. This is very important point, since the entire final result will depend on the evenness and quality of the work performed. To do this, be sure to use a building level.

Some advise not to attach the beams of the first row to the foundation, since under the weight of the structure they will already hold well to the base. In fact experienced craftsmen For reliability, it is still recommended to do this with anchor bolts with a diameter of 15-16 mm. They must go into the foundation to a depth of at least 10 cm.

Scheme for attaching the harness to the foundation.

After installing the foundation beam, all subsequent crowns should be laid. Since profiled timber has a tongue-and-groove system, it is very simple to build walls from it - the whole process is reminiscent of assembling a construction set. Unlike ordinary timber, caulking is usually not required for the profiled version.

Options for fastening timber in corners.

In order to tie the crowns into a single whole, the beams at the corners can be connected using several methods:

Whatever method is chosen, the strapping angles must be strictly 90 degrees. Interior partitions can be erected either simultaneously with external walls, or after they are raised. You should also remember about doors and window openings in the bathhouse.

Attaching the rafters to the last crown.

It is better to choose for a bath gable roof. After the walls are erected, beams are attached to the upper crowns, and then rafters are attached to them using the ridge method, the strength of which must be given special attention. Next, a sheathing is made, on which the roofing will be laid in the future.

It is imperative to lay a heat and vapor barrier layer between the rafters. The roof fronts are covered with siding or boards.

Conclusion

Finally, you can emphasize that the timber looks very natural and beautiful, so both the outside and the inside do not need to be sheathed. The only thing is that to give it a more aesthetic appearance, it can be varnished.

Construction of a bathhouse at the dacha: how to build it yourself, device, video instructions for installation with your own hands, photo

Construction of a bathhouse at the dacha: how to build it yourself, which one is better, device, video instructions for DIY installation, photo and price

- This is a difficult but completely doable undertaking. First of all, the owner must choose suitable material for the construction of a bathhouse.

Choosing a place to build a bathhouse

Start with a choice suitable place for the location of the building. The following recommendations will help you with this:

Before starting any construction activities, prepare a bathhouse project.

Define optimal size structures. One vacationer must have at least 5 m2 of the total area of the building. For example, if you are building a bathhouse for 4 people, its area should be at least 20 m2.

The standard sauna consists of a steam room, washing department, dressing room and rest room. Set the dimensions and features of the spatial arrangement of the listed premises that are convenient for you.

Prepare the following drawings:

You can make all these drawings yourself or find them in an open source. In general, timber bathhouse projects remain almost the same. If you have the desire and a sufficient budget, order the preparation of drawings from a professional.

Materials for building a bathhouse

To build a bathhouse from timber you will need a whole set various materials and devices, namely:

timber Traditionally, material with a cross section of 150x150 mm is used;
floor boards. The best option is a four-meter edged board 15x5 cm;
boards for the ceiling. Typically, lining is used with a width of 10 cm and a thickness of 2 cm;
materials for interior decoration. The lining is perfect;
vapor barrier material. The best option is modern vapor barrier films;
waterproofing material. If possible, use penofol. Plastic film is also suitable;
insulation for the ceiling. Mineral wool materials are well suited;
sheet asbestos. With it you isolate wooden elements buildings from high temperatures. Insulation sheets must be attached to the walls near the sauna stove. Wooden elements installed in close proximity to the chimney also need insulation;
bulk materials for arrangement. The set is standard: cement, sand and crushed stone;
roof finishing material. Focus on your preferences. The main thing is that the roof of the bathhouse looks good surrounded by the roofs of other buildings on the site;
insulation for inter-crown space. Use jute. Tow and moss are also suitable.

It is best to start building a bathhouse in the spring, because... After completing the main activities, the wood will need to be left for a six-month “wintering”. During this time, the material will dry and shrink as required.

Buy cement immediately before starting construction.

Bathhouse Construction Guide

The work is carried out in stages - from preparing the construction site to equipping the bathhouse with various accessories.

First stage - Preparing the area

Clear the construction site of all kinds of debris, bushes, large roots and, in general, anything that could interfere with the foundation stage.

Stage two – Pouring the foundation

Attach furring boards to the rafters. Lay hydro-, heat- and vapor barrier materials; bath insulation is one of the most important elements its construction will directly depend on the quality of the constructed bathhouse. Install the selected roofing finish.

Prices for various types of timber

Fourth stage – Internal equipment

Start by arranging the necessary communications.

You should take care of installation at the stage of creating the foundation. To do this, create a pit or drainage well outside the bathhouse, connected to the bathhouse by a pipe laid with a slope.

After completing the sewerage installation, make the floor. It can be concrete or wood. Concrete floors are usually tiled. This coating is more durable.

Wooden floors are traditionally made to leak. The technology is extremely simple: logs are installed, floor boards are nailed to them with some clearance. You can also create a small hatch for drainage and cover it with a perforated grill. The floor in this case should be made with some slope. As a result, moisture from the floor will fall into the hatch, and from there through the pipe will be discharged into a drainage well or pit.

To ensure that the wood lasts as long as possible, thoroughly ventilate the bathhouse after each visit.

Insulate the ceiling and walls of the building using suitable moisture, heat and vapor barrier materials. Install doors and double glazed windows. Provide running water and electricity to the bathhouse. Install the necessary electrical appliances.

Prices for thermal insulation materials

Thermal insulation materials

Fifth stage – Oven and shelves

Select the design of the shelves at your discretion. They are built in the same order: first, assemble support frame from strong timber, after which boards are nailed to the supports.

Also choose the oven at your discretion. You can lay out a traditional one, install a convenient metal unit, or a modern electric heater.

Heavy stoves require the installation of an individual foundation. At this point, everything is also determined separately, taking into account the characteristics of a particular furnace.