Japanese euonymus is a representative of ornamental shrubs. Beautiful green bushes in wildlife grow up to 5 meters in height, produce white-green flowers and produce reddish fruits.

Home euonymus plants are much smaller in size and bloom extremely rarely. The bush is covered with beautiful smooth leaves, they are slightly elongated and seem to be cut at the edges. Due to the varied color and shape of the leaves, Japanese euonymus is divided into subspecies.

The most famous varieties include euonymus with monochrome green leaves. Variegated shrubs are also particularly attractive:

• golden euonymus (the middle of the leaf is yellow);
• silver euonymus (leaves are white-green).

When painting Japanese at home, the main concern will be the preservation of its decorative coloring. It does not need special conditions, since it is absolutely unpretentious, but you still need to follow some recommendations for caring for Japanese euonymus at home.

Lighting

One of important points Caring for a plant involves providing it with sufficient lighting. For simple green euonymuses, a little sun is enough; they grow well even in the shade. But variegated bushes need more lighting, otherwise their color will disappear over time and they will become one color.

Air temperature

The plant does not respond well to elevated room temperatures. It feels most comfortable at 23 degrees Celsius. summer period. In winter, it is advisable to place the pot in a room with a temperature of no more than 12 degrees. In a warmer room, the leaves of the euonymus may fall.

Watering and spraying

Euonymus is a rather moisture-loving plant. In summer it needs regular watering. It is important not to allow the soil to dry out completely so that the leaves do not wilt. With the onset of autumn, the breaks between waterings increase, and in winter they rarely water with warm water.

The bush will be very grateful for regular spraying, and even a shower, especially in hot weather. summer days. To prevent residual impurities from appearing on the leaves after this procedure, you need to take settled, or better filtered, water.

Feeding and replanting

The plant is fertilized once a month mineral fertilizers, starting from spring and ending in autumn. During the growing season, complex organic fertilizers are applied once a week. Young shrubs are given nitrogen fertilizing to stimulate the growth of foliage.

Young plantings of euonymus need annual replanting, while adults need only once every 3 years. If an adult euonymus is of impressive size, you can simply update top layer soil.

To give the bush the desired shape and stimulate the growth of side shoots, it is pruned (it is better to do this in the spring). Since the bush itself branches very weakly, such pruning is done regularly. It is better to remove weak shoots too, so that they do not take away the strength of the bush

Young cuttings cut from the tops are used for propagating new plants. It is worth noting that cuttings that have at least 3 internodes after mature buds will be suitable for propagation. Euonymus also reproduces using seeds.

Caring for euonymus at home - video

Japanese euonymus (Euonymus japonicus) is a plant of the Euonymus family. Under natural conditions it grows in deciduous and mixed forests, in the subtropics or in temperate areas of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Japanese euonymus is not found on Far North and in the tropics. It is grown in the garden or park, as well as at home as an indoor or greenhouse flower.

Japanese euonymus - deciduous, evergreen with beautiful bicolor leaves and small flowers that appear in midsummer. Euonymus flowers are unremarkable, but the fruits look like small, pink lanterns. Fruits with seeds ripen closer to autumn.

Japanese euonymus.

The leaves of the plant look more decorative than the flowers; they are dense, shiny, with teeth along the edges, and have an original variegated color - yellow-green, gray-green, dark or light and bright. Gardeners have developed several new varieties of euonymus, with different colors and the shape of the leaves.

Under natural conditions, euonymus can grow up to 7 meters in height, in garden culture- up to 2-3 meters, well, indoor euonymus does not exceed 60-70 cm in height.

Agricultural technology

Japanese euonymus does not require care, but if it does not like the growing conditions in your garden, it will grow only in early spring. The rest of the time there will be no growth of shoots.

As a rule, growth occurs over two periods per season, and with good care in the garden, the Japanese euonymus grows by 15-20 cm over the course of a year. At the end of the euonymus growth period, cones with scales appear on the tops of the shoots - these are buds, from which at the beginning of the next period growth, new leaves will appear.

These features of the development of euonymus must be taken into account for proper care of it; at the beginning of the period of active growth, it is fed with nitrogen fertilizers, then with complex fertilizers, and during the formation of new buds - with potassium-phosphorus fertilizers.

During the dormant period, feeding is stopped, and watering is carried out only to prevent the soil from drying out. After an active growing season, the plant goes dormant and stops growing. This applies to both indoor euonymus and park varieties.

Caring for euonymus in the garden begins with its planting. To do this, prepare a soil mixture from leaf soil, turf, peat and sand, in which there should be two parts of turf, and one part each of the remaining components. However, Japanese euonymus is not picky about soil; ordinary garden soil with the addition of sand is suitable for growing it. If the soil is too acidic, lime is added to it.

In hot weather, watering the euonymus is combined with spraying with water from a hose, but this must be done before or after sunset to prevent sunburn on the leaves.

Reproduction

Japanese euonymus grown in the garden is propagated by dividing the bush, seeds and cuttings.

The division of the bush is carried out early spring before the start of the first period of active growth. 1-2 shoots are separated from the parent bush along with the roots and planted in a previously prepared place. When planting, the stems are cut to a height of 20-30 cm to reduce the load on the roots. New shoots will grow from this stem or from the roots.

To propagate euonymus by cuttings, they are cut from young shoots in June-July. The cuttings should be 6-7 cm long, with at least one internode; before planting, they are treated with a means for developing the root system.

The cuttings are rooted in a mixture of leaf and turf soil, humus and sand. The cutting takes root in 1.5-2 months, after which it is planted on permanent place, while the new plant is created necessary conditions and provide attentive care.

Euonymus propagation by seeds collected last year occurs in the summer. Before planting, they are stratified at a temperature of 2-3 degrees for 4 months. As a result of stratification, their skin should burst, this will indicate that they can be sown. The seeds are finally peeled and soaked in a pink solution of potassium permanganate for 1-2 hours.

Then they are sown in containers with moistened soil mixture and covered with a transparent cover. After the emergence of seedlings, the cover is discarded, hardening the plants at normal temperature and lighting. IN open ground young plants are planted only on next year, and before that they are given the desired temperature at home. Before planting in a permanent place in the garden, the plants are hardened off for 2-3 days, leaving them in the open air.

Euonymus at your home

There are several varieties of Japanese euonymus that can be grown at home as an indoor flower:

• Japanese euonymus, or pseudolaurel, is a very heat-loving plant that can die at temperatures below +5 degrees, so it can only be grown at home or in offices. Its leaves can be variegated or single-colored, the flowers are white, blooming in late spring.
• Euonymus microphyllus - this variety has variegated, yellow-green, raised leaves. The flowers are small, white, and appear in late spring. This variety is suitable for planting in the garden and for growing at home.
• Dwarf euonymus has oblong bicolor leaves and red-brown flowers collected in umbrellas. This is a creeping type of euonymus that can be grown in hanging flowerpots as an hanging plant.

Japanese euonymus is best grown at home in a well-lit place in a room with south side- it will feel equally good in direct sunlight and in diffused light.

With the onset of summer, the flower pot can be taken out to the balcony, veranda or yard. We must not forget that this is a houseplant, you cannot immediately place it under strong rays of the sun, getting used to them must occur gradually. Caring for euonymus at this time should consist of watering and spraying in the morning or evening.

As for the temperature, it should be no lower than +5-10 degrees in winter, and no higher than +25-30 degrees in summer. In winter, the euonymus enters a dormant period, and if you keep it in a warm, heated room, it will begin to shed its leaves.

Caring for indoor euonymus consists of watering and fertilizing, which the plant especially needs during the period of active growth. The buds, from which inconspicuous flowers will eventually develop, can be removed immediately so that the plant does not waste nutrients on them.

To plant euonymus at home, use a mixture of humus, turf and leaf soil, with the addition of river sand. Another option for soil mixture is turf soil with peat and sand.

Favorable conditions and good care contribute to the good development of indoor euonymus, so it needs to be replanted every year at a young age, and every 3-4 years at an “old” age.

Japanese euonymus, growing at home, is fed every 20-30 days in spring and summer with mineral and organic fertilizers. In winter, during the dormant period, fertilizing and frequent watering are not needed.

Japanese euonymus needs to be pruned regularly to form a beautiful crown. During pruning, weak, small shoots are removed, as well as shoots growing inside the crown. For intensive tillering, young shoots are pinched.

This plant is ideally suited for the formation of bonsai; its lush branches can be easily given any shape, cut into a cone, a ball, or an animal figure.

Caring for indoor euonymus includes measures to protect against diseases and pests. At home, the plant becomes sick with gray rot, in which it appears on the leaves. gray plaque And brown spots. As for insect pests, scale insects and spider mite. Both problems can be solved by spraying chemicals, which can be purchased at a flower shop.

Indoor euonymus is propagated in the same way as garden plant- seeds, cuttings and dividing the bush.

Watch the video: Japanese euonymus / Euonymus planting and care

Japanese euonymus is a decorative representative of the botanical world. Unlike other varieties of euonymus, this one can be grown both in the garden and at home. From the article you can find out what Japanese euonymus is, how to plant this plant and how to care for it.

The Japanese euonymus japonicus is valued primarily for its impressive decorativeness and ability to grow and develop safely both indoors and outdoors.

The decorative effect of the plant is given by its crown - lush, bright, and unusual in color. Euonymus has dark green leaves with pointed ends and a light border. The leaves are impressive in size and have a fleshy, dense structure. The plant is evergreen.

In addition to foliage, euonymus also boasts beautiful, decorative fruits. The shrub grows evenly, however, it adds more spring time. Over the course of a year, the increase in height ranges from 15 to 20 cm. In nature, Japanese euonymus can reach 7 meters in height.

Flowering is observed in mid-summer: the flowers are beautiful, collected in numerous panicles of yellow-green color. The berries appear in September and the fruiting period lasts until mid-October. Look at the photo of this wonderful plant.

The shrub tolerates unfavorable conditions quite well. external conditions: he doesn’t care about air pollution, shading, or small plot sizes - even in such conditions, the euonymus manages to grow well and delight with its beauty.

It is worth knowing that Japanese euonymus is poisonous, so children and pets should not be allowed near it. Despite its toxicity, the plant is used in folk medicine.

Application in landscape design

The plant is suitable for creating a hedge, as well as a border frame for plantings. If you put together a mix of different varieties Euonymus, you can create a wonderful picturesque composition - garden decoration.

Varieties with uniform green foliage are often used as a background for bright colors. Living garden figurines are also formed from such plants.

IN landscape design The most common varieties of Japanese euonymus are:

• pseudolaurel;
• microphyllus;
• dwarf.

Pseudolaurus in our country is grown as a houseplant or greenhouse plant. He can't stand it low temperatures, but very decorative.

Microphyllus is famous for its beautiful variegated leaves. This euonymus forms a low bush - a maximum of half a meter in height. But the foliage and beautiful flowers make it very elegant and elegant.

The dwarf Japanese euonymus grows up to a meter and is most often planted in open ground. The leaves of this shrub have a double color: bluish below and bright green above.

Landing

Let's consider the main points regarding the rooting of this plant.

Plot

We recommend planting the plant in the floor shady place. In such conditions, euonymus leaves turn out to be especially decorative - clean and bright, with a rich blue-green hue. In a sunny area, the foliage may dry out - especially if there is no regular and sufficient watering.

Temperature

Japanese euonymus does not like too hot temperatures. The optimal range for it is +25 degrees in summer and +18-12 in winter. In extreme heat, the plant may begin to shed its leaves.

Soil

Japanese euonymus does not have any special requirements for soil quality. The following soil mixture is optimal:

• sheet soil - 1 part;
• turf/garden soil - 2 parts;
• peat - 1 part;
• coarse sand - 1 part.

Acidic soil is not suitable for euonymus - in this case, the area must first be limed.

Landing

You can plant Japanese euonymus in the garden from May to September. You need to choose a cloudy day - not hot and preferably rainy.

The pit is prepared in advance - its parameters should be approximately twice the volume of the plant roots. A drainage layer of ground brick or expanded clay or crushed stone is laid at the bottom of the pit. Then there is a nutritious layer of humus, compost and soil is laid out.

The plant is placed vertically in the hole and carefully sprinkled with soil. After planting, the soil must be compacted and watered to prevent air pockets from forming.

The shrub should only be rooted in pre-moistened soil. In addition, when home growing useful to warm up bottom part pot - this activates rooting.

Care

Planting and care are the most important components of competent cultivation of euonymus, and if we have already dealt with the first point, now we will consider the second. Let's get acquainted with the main points of plant care.

Top dressing

In order for the euonymus to enjoy active growth and decorativeness, it must be regularly supplied with additional nutrition.

In the spring, euonymus needs nitrogenous fertilizing so that the green part is more actively formed. Then it's time complex fertilizers and for the formation of buds - phosphorus-potassium. In winter, fertilizing is not needed - at this time the plant is in a dormant period.

Attention: you cannot overfeed the plant, as this can lead to the euonymus losing its decorative properties.

Watering

Euonymus needs moderate moisture. Neither waterlogging nor drought should be allowed - the latter is more dangerous. If it's worth hot weather, then it is additionally recommended to spray the foliage: the procedure is carried out 2-3 times a week.

Trimming

In order for the bush to grow compact and lush, the tips of the shoots must be regularly pinched. The procedure can be carried out as the plant grows.

Wintering

In order for the euonymus to safely survive our harsh winter, it is recommended to mulch the root circle of the plant with sawdust, peat or fallen leaves before the onset of cold weather. Mulch will serve as a kind of “blanket” for the roots, protecting them from freezing.

If the plant has not yet reached two years of age, it needs to be covered in the garden. For this purpose, boxes, agrofibre, and burlap are used. An adult Japanese euonymus does not need shelter.

Protection from diseases and pests

The greatest danger to the plant comes from harmful insects - mites and aphids. As a result of damage by these pests, the foliage of the euonymus may begin to dry out, curl and fall off - and the plant thus loses all its attractiveness. If such a disaster occurs, it is necessary to spray the bush with Actellik or a solution of colloidal sulfur.

Dangerous diseases include rust and powdery mildew. Since these diseases are very difficult to treat, it is recommended to treat the bush preventively. Fungicides are used for treatment, and the procedure itself must be carried out in cool, rainy weather.

Home care

As mentioned above, you can grow this plant at home. Bonsai - miniature decorative compositions that decorate a home - are well formed from Japanese euonymus.

Care at home is similar to street care: the same regular watering and spraying in dry weather, fertilizing. IN summer time take the container with the plant to open air- this will only benefit him, it will strengthen him.

Euonymus growing at home in a pot must be replanted regularly. Young plant replanted annually, and starting from the fourth year - once every 3 years. When growing at home, consider additional illumination of the shrub, especially if the apartment windows face north.

Pinching shoots is also necessary for the plant. This procedure will help to form a lush compact bush, which looks much more impressive. In addition, it is recommended to regularly remove dried, damaged and old shoots - this rejuvenates the bush and preserves its decorative appearance.

Usually, the euonymus reacts in the same way to an attack by pests or any diseases - it drops its leaves. If you notice such an alarming sign, carefully examine the plant and carry out appropriate treatment if necessary.

With proper, complete care, Japanese euonymus produces two waves of growth over the course of a season. And if the bush grows this way, this means that favorable conditions have been created for it.

Reproduction

Japanese euonymus can be propagated in three ways:

• root division;
• seeds;
• cuttings.

The cutting method is more often used, since dividing roots is a complex procedure and does not always lead to success. Seed propagation is also painstaking and time-consuming, but is used quite often.

Cuttings

Cuttings are cut in June-July: the length of the shoot should be 5-6 cm, the cutting should have at least one internode and be green, non-lignified. It is best to take cuttings from a bush that is more than five years old. Cuts of shoots need to be treated with a root stimulator, and then planted in a greenhouse with prepared nutrient soil.

Seeds

Summer is more suitable for seed propagation. Before planting, the seeds need to be stratified for +-4 months at a temperature of +2-3 degrees - this measure will harden the seeds and rid them of harmful spores.

Plant the seeds when their skins burst. Planting is carried out by removing the skin from seeds that have been pre-treated with potassium permanganate.

So, we met such a wonderful plant as Japanese euonymus. Its uniqueness lies in the fact that it is the only euonymus that is suitable for both outdoor and indoor cultivation. Plant at proper care gives great decorative leaf, flowers and bright fruits are a real decoration for your home or garden

Japanese euonymus - very beautiful bush, chosen by land owners not only because of its neat appearance, but also absolute unpretentiousness. Growing such a crop is suitable even for a novice gardener. Let's look at the description of the plant and how planting and care are carried out.

Peculiarities

Japanese euonymus – ornamental plant, grown both indoors and outdoors. The description of the green shrub indicates that its crown is lush, bright and unusual. The leaf blades are dark green, but have a light border. The size of the leaves of the bush is very impressive, and their surface is dense and quite fleshy. Evergreens ornamental trees They also have beautiful fruits.

In a year, the pseudolaurel increases in height by about 15-20 centimeters, but in nature it grows up to 7 meters. Euonymus blooms in July, when the plant is covered with neat green-yellow inflorescences. At home, the plant blooms extremely rarely, since it does not always have enough cool period to form buds. In order to ensure the appearance of buds, it is necessary to keep the plant for 2 months at a temperature of 2 to 10 degrees Celsius.

The fruits grow in September and remain on the branches almost until October. The plant is unpretentious.

Popular varieties

TO popular varieties Euonymus japonica refers to "Latifolius Albomarginatus", characterized by the presence of bright green leaves with white stripes along the edges. "Albomarginatus" looks similar, but the edge of the leaf plate looks narrower.

In the variety "Moon" leaf plates are painted in a beautiful olive color with yellowish tints. Their border is wide and colored green.

Variety "Mediolictus" can be identified by the beautiful golden color of the plates and the green stripe as a border. "Microphyllus" has small green leaves with a golden edge.

Shrub variety "Aurea" characterized by the presence of a green border and a bright yellow longitudinal stripe. "Ovatus Aureus" is dwarf and has small leaves oval shape. The color of the leaf plates is a combination of a bright yellow border with an emerald longitudinal stripe.

Shrub variety "Bravo" has dark green jagged foliage. Some leaf blades are decorated with spots of yellow, beige, white or silver, located either in the center or along the edges.

Other well-known varieties of euonymus include the varieties "Marik", "Microphyllus aureovaryegatus" and "Ecstasy".

Subtleties of growing at home

Indoor euonymus is an ideal component for the formation of bonsai. Caring for the plant, in principle, is no different from what is required for street shrubs. Euonymus should be irrigated, fed, sprayed in hot weather, and also taken out onto the balcony on warm days. By the way, spraying is also required when the batteries are turned on. In addition, you will have to worry about regular transplantation. For the first 3 years of life, changing the potty is carried out annually, and then one action every 3 years will be enough.

In most situations the plant will also need additional artificial lighting, especially if the window openings of the room face north. Pinching is carried out as necessary to form a beautiful appearance of the euonymus. It is also important to regularly remove all dried, outdated or damaged shoots in any way. If home euonymus starts to shed leaves, you will have to carry out the necessary treatment of the bush.

The temperature in summer should be between 18 and 20 degrees, and in winter it should be maintained at 2-10 degrees Celsius.

The pot can be either plastic or ceramic. The main thing is that the volume of the container allows you to comfortably place it inside. root system. If you move an euonymus from too small to too big pot, then you can provoke acidification of the soil and, accordingly, the death of the plant. Soil for home use It is better to choose loose and nutritious. The easiest way is to purchase a ready-made substrate intended for growing ornamental plants. deciduous shrubs in apartment conditions.

How to plant in open ground?

Planting euonymus in the garden in open ground is carried out only in a partially shady place. It is important to remember that excess sunlight will lead to a deterioration in the decorative effect of the deciduous plates of the bush and their falling asleep. Special requirements The culture does not have any information about the soil. The best solution will be a combination of part of leaf soil, the same amount of peat, a couple of parts of turf or garden soil, as well as river sand. If the soil in the selected area is acidic, then lime should be added to it immediately.

Planting is carried out from May to September on a sunny or rainy day. The hole is formed in such a way that its volume is a couple of times greater than the size of the root system. A drainage layer is formed at the bottom, created from pieces of brick, crushed stone and expanded clay. Next, compost or humus is laid out, and then soil. The seedling is placed vertically in the hole, its roots are covered with soil mixture. Finally, the surface is compacted and properly irrigated.

How to properly care?

Japanese euonymus requires care throughout the growing season, and during the winter months the plant rests in hibernation. With the onset of cold weather, it is enough to just mulch trunk circle peat, sawdust or dry leaves. Young shrubs can be additionally protected with burlap or agrofibre.

Watering

Irrigation of the crop should be moderate but regular. Both excess moisture and lack of irrigation are dangerous for the crop. In general, you can focus on the top layer of soil that needs to dry out. In the hot summer months, you can additionally spray the leaf blades about a couple of times a week.

During cold, rainy weeks, stop watering altogether to allow the soil to dry out.

Top dressing

Japanese euonymus needs fertilizers just like any other plant. In spring, the plant requires nitrogen to grow the green part. Further, mineral complexes containing potassium and phosphorus stimulate kidney development. IN winter time The pseudolaurel does not require fertilizing, since the bush is in hibernation. You can apply fertilizer as follows: 50 grams of urea in early spring, phosphorus-potassium fertilizers in mid-summer and, finally, 300 grams of slaked lime in the fall during digging.

Trimming

The Japanese euonymus does not need complete pruning, but it does need regular pinching. Such processing of the tips should occur with the growth and development of the plant so that the bush grows voluminous, but compact.

Reproduction methods

Japanese euonymus propagates in three main ways: by seeds, cuttings, or by division. Dividing the rhizome is a complicated and not always effective task, so it is used extremely rarely.

The most popular method is cuttings. Branches 5 to 6 centimeters long are pruned in June or July. It is important to ensure that each cutting has at least an internode, and that the surface itself is green and not covered with wood.

If possible, then select for cuttings the bush that has already crossed the 5-year mark. After the procedure, the cutting must be treated with a root stimulator, for example, “Kornevin” and immediately planted in the prepared nutrient soil, located in a greenhouse.

It is better to use a two-layer substrate, the bottom layer of which consists of river sand, and the top layer of loose soil mixture. Full roots will appear in 1.5 months.

It is better to propagate euonymus by seeds in the summer. Preparation for the procedure begins another 4 months in advance - the seeds are stratified at a temperature of 0 to 2 degrees Celsius. When the skin of the seeds bursts, they can be planted. First, the skin is removed, and the samples themselves are disinfected with potassium permanganate. Planting is carried out in loose, fertile and moisture-absorbing soil. Picking into individual containers is carried out when the sprouts stretch 3-4 centimeters.

Diseases and pests

Japanese euonymus often suffers from diseases and insect attacks, and also becomes deformed if not properly cared for. For example, insufficient sunlight leads to the shoots becoming excessively elongated. On the contrary, insufficient lighting contributes to the disappearance of pigment from leaf blades and, accordingly, deterioration in their appearance. Curling of the edges of the leaves may indicate that the bush is located in the sun. Yellowing of the leaves and their gradual falling off indicates excessive irrigation.