Sawing logs into boards with a chainsaw: - DIY installation instructions, cutting features, how to cut them at home, price, photo. Nozzles and accessories for a chainsaw How to make a longitudinal cut of timber

Is your band sawmill installed and all the necessary settings made? So it’s time to proceed directly to the sawing process itself. In order to obtain truly high-quality material, it is necessary to correctly install the log and secure it with special clamps.

From correct calculation The quantity and type of material you want to get from this log also determines the quality.

Having gained further experience, one glance at a log will be enough, and you will already know how much and what kind of material can be obtained from it. Learn to accurately determine where the top is and where the butt part of the log is. The butt part is usually larger in diameter than the apex. And this largely affects the thickness of the slab.

How to calculate a log

So, you have measured the diameter of the log, and it is measured from the top. We calculate the approximate amount of material according to the diameter and proceed to further actions.

Firstly.

We pay attention to all the bends and bulges of the log - a perfectly straight trunk is rare. Therefore, we try to turn it so as to get as little waste as possible from it, such as croaker. When the log is laid and fixed, you should make sure that it passes freely between the guide rollers.

Set the diameter size on the ruler of the sawmill, and to this size add the greatest height of the convexity of the log. This is the bulge that is higher than the diameter of the top or narrowest part of the log.

Using a regular tape measure, measure the height of the highest part, and start counting the dimensions from this size required material, taking into account the cut size, which ranges from 2 to 5 mm.

Secondly.

As soon as the width of the cut reaches the required size, and the remaining height of the log has reached the right size, it is turned over. That is, if you cut a beam, for example, at 150, then both the width of the cut and the height of the remaining log should correspond to this value, even be greater, taking into account the removal of the slab.

To do this, after turning the log over, start calculating from the final size until the full height of the log is used, but do not forget to take into account the size of the cut, which, as we already know, ranges from 2 to 5 mm.

For example, you have a log on your overpass that you have cut to a size of 260 mm. Let's turn the log over and continue.

The final result we want to achieve is a carriage with a thickness of 150 mm. Next, in a simple way, calculate that 260 mm-150 mm = 110 mm. We get as much as 110 mm thickness additional material. And it is precisely this that needs to be calculated correctly.

We take this additional size and calculate it to get the block, which has a size of 50 mm, 110-50 = 60, don’t forget the cut, and ours is 2 mm, 60-2 = 58 mm, then the plank, equal to 25 mm, 58 -25-2=31 mm, hump 20 mm, 31-20-2=9 mm.

As you can see, from our calculations, we get 9 mm slab, 20 mm slab, 25 mm gorge and 50 mm block. And the final size will be 150 mm.

Possible errors

As you can see, there is nothing complicated here. Often, inexperienced sawmills make mistakes in calculations when they start counting from zero. For example, if the final size of the material is 150 mm, then there is no need to add 2 mm to it for the cut, otherwise it will be 150 + 2 = 152. There should not be such an error, the cut is calculated only between the material, for example, 50 mm board and 150 mm carriage, we get it as described above, 150 + 50 + 2 = 202 mm.

If necessary, obtain edged material turn the log 90 degrees and perform the same manipulations as described above.

So you have cut your first log, look at the quality of the material and the accuracy of the dimensions. Make sure your calculations are correct. The main mistake When making calculations, it happens that they forget to take into account the size of the cut. Try to take this fact into account. And don't make such mistakes.

In the future, when you gain experience, the calculation will happen automatically in your head; it will be enough to look at the log.

We are sure that everything will work out for you, we wish you success in your work.

Sawing logs into boards with a chainsaw is the most convenient and quick way. With the help of special attachments and devices, independent production of almost smooth boards is ensured, the quality of which is in no way inferior to those produced industrially.

Attachments for sawing logs

Chainsaw - convenient universal tool in homestead farming. First of all, you should take into account that it has great power and compactness. Thanks to the centrifugal clutch, all systems and components of the mini-engine operate without overload for a long time; Power makes it possible to install any attachments. The chainsaw can be used in any position and in any terrain, since it is autonomous and has a diaphragm carburetor.

How to adapt a mechanism for cutting logs into boards? To do this, just install the appropriate attachments on the chainsaw.

To cut a log along its entire length, a saw attachment is suitable. longitudinal sawing logs in horizontal plane. Thanks to it, the boards are of the same thickness. After the necessary proper drying, they are suitable for construction. The attachment is a small frame that is attached to the tire on both sides.

In addition, there is a lightweight nozzle that is fixed on only one side. As a result, the boards are not as smooth as in the first case. Fences and sheds are built from such boards.

An auxiliary tool is a drum debarker-finer.

With its help, logs can be easily cleared of bark.

The nozzle is a drum, works thanks to a V-belt drive. It is attached to the moving belts using special pulleys on both sides of the axis. By selecting the diameter of the pulley, you can select the optimal shaft rotation speed.

Sawing logs lengthwise

To get an even cut, you need to install a guide. It can serve as an industrial mini-sawmill. But such devices are expensive and not everyone can afford them. Therefore, logs are usually fixed homemade holders from boards with the same guide.

Sawing of logs into boards is carried out with a chain for longitudinal cutting. If there is none, a regular chain, sharpened at an angle of ten degrees, will do. Only in the process of work will you have to sharpen it from time to time. An attachment is installed on the chainsaw - a guide frame for an even cut.

To cut a log lengthwise, you must perform the following steps:

Make a leading line. To do this, you need to fasten two straight long boards at an angle of 90 degrees.
Place the log on the stops, thus fixing its position.
Attach the nozzle.
Using self-tapping screws, attach the supports to the ends of the log on both sides. Check horizontality with a level.
Attach the leading ruler to the supports with self-tapping screws.
Install another one horizontally support board, which should rest against the ground and slightly lift the log.
Using a chainsaw with a horizontal cutting attachment, cut off the first piece of log.
Move the guide ruler and fix it.
Make a second cut of the log perpendicular to the first.
There is no need to use the leading ruler any further. The resulting board will serve as a guide.
Determine the thickness of the cut using the frame.
Make the next cut perpendicular to the second. The result should be a piece of wood, the underside of which is covered with bark.
Make a fourth cut to separate the remaining part of the wood that contains the bark. You will get an almost perfectly even block of wood.
Next, cut the block to the middle.
Turn it over to the opposite side and continue cutting until the end.

If the thickness of the boards does not matter, cutting off the edges with bark is not necessary. In this case, you can use an edger and cut into boards from the very beginning.

Making cross cuts

Cross sawing is used to cut logs into firewood, as well as to create cross-cut wooden disks for construction garden benches, decorations garden paths etc.

Cutting a log crosswise is done as follows:

Place the log horizontally on wooden supports 0.5 m high.
If necessary, you can clear it of bark.
Using an ax or saw, make marking cuts at equal distances from each other.
According to the marks, cut the log.

Special attachments and chains are not needed for this work. A regular chain will do.

Maintaining safety during work

To avoid operational failures and accidents, safety precautions should be observed when working with materials and tools:

When working, do not allow strangers, especially children, onto the work site.
During work, you should use protective equipment against noise and sawdust that fly away during cutting.
You should carry a first aid kit with everything you need to use in case of cuts.
When using a circular saw, you must put it on protective cover.
Do not pour gasoline into a heated chainsaw tank.
Use the chainsaw only for its intended purpose, do not turn it on at full power if it is not in operation.
There is no need to press hard on the saw while working.
The log for cutting should be installed on the right side.

Chainsaw serves convenient tool, which can be used for self-production boards It is suitable for use in household plots where it is necessary to repair or build new outbuildings. In such cases, a large number of boards is not required. Therefore, they can be easily cut from any logs in required quantity. Once you acquire the skill, the work is done quickly, and the quality of the boards is excellent.

We spread the trunk onto the boards

Note. To cut a trunk into logs, you may need a sawmill or an electric or chainsaw with machine tools.

What will you need for this?

The chainsaw is the most accessible tool, and there are a number of reasons:

sawing of trunks can be done directly for logging. This does not require any stationary or autonomous power sources, only one tool;
Compared to an electric saw, a gasoline saw has much more power. what is key point with longitudinal dissolution of logs;
it has a soft start and soft speed control. this means that the risk of breaking the chain during operation is reduced to almost zero (it is, of course, possible, but for this you need to try very hard);
compared to a sawmill, the price of a gasoline-powered tool is several orders of magnitude lower;
Compared to an electric unit, inertial braking works much faster here;
The operating instructions allow you to extend the time of intensive use up to 1 hour;
it is possible to carry out work with high humidity air (rain, fog)

Device for dissolving trunks

As we have already said, experienced sawers can cut a log without any equipment, but for beginners they will definitely have to purchase or make their own machine for fixing the log, an attachment frame for the saw and a guide for an even cut.

It should not be forgotten that during such work the tool experiences very heavy loads. Therefore, if you want to do this professionally, then you will naturally need an appropriate model, that is, as powerful as possible.

Professionals call the most popular and most best options, this is Stihl MS-660 or Stihl MS-880. Such units produce more than 7 horsepower, which ensures uninterrupted operation under heavy loads.

Frame parts

To adjust the thickness of the sawn board, a special steel frame is put on the bar, which is capable of adjusting the distance from itself to the bar.

The frame is ready - views from different angles

In order to make such a corner, you can buy a square tubular steel profile 20x20 mm, but you can also use the material at hand. For example, duralumin legs from an old school desk fit perfectly here.

A thick board was used as a guide.

As a guide, to make something like a stationary machine, you will need some kind of rigid metal, most likely steel, profile, or a thick, flat board under a log, as shown in the top photo. In reality, it looks the same as in the picture - two sawhorses are installed and a guide (board or profile) is placed on them.

But it should be taken into account that such a device can only be used for short logs, since if it is increased (the distance depends on the thickness of the guide), there will be a deflection, which will lead to an unequal thickness of the material being produced.

Big Mill Timberjet

The thickness of the board or the cut will be even only if some kind of template is used to guide the chainsaw - a leading ruler or guide. It is very convenient to use the Swedish Big Mill Timberjit machine for this purpose, which you see above - it costs about 9-10 thousand rubles.

Here it’s up to you to decide whether you need such a device, but after spending once, you get a compact device that, together with the saw, can be delivered to the site on a motorcycle.

To get started, you will need a push-pull saw and a guide bar with two nuts. With this device you will be able to unravel logs up to 60 cm in diameter. Please note that in this situation you will have to acquire a chain for longitudinal cutting of the trunk, but if for some reason it is not possible to purchase it, then resharpen a regular chain at an angle of 10⁰.

The Big Mill Timberjet kit comes with a variety of parts that will help you install and secure the wooden guide. It turns out that when driving the chainsaw, the frame slides along this guide, and the tire does not move to the side.

Note. No matter what type of wood you process, in any case the chain becomes dull, and in order for your sawing process to occur without problems, it should be periodically sharpened.

The frame is installed on the guide

Sawing with a chainsaw - process

Now let's see how to cut a log into boards with a chainsaw:

first we make a guide - take two even edged wooden boards and fasten them together in the form of a half-Tee;
from pieces of the same boards we make stops for the half-Tee guide - fastening devices are included in the kit;
roll up the log using a tilter and place it on a convenient base prepared in advance;
secure the frame to the tire with nuts;
after that we attach the supports. who hold a ruler to the ends of the log, checking its horizontal level;
We fix all the fasteners with self-tapping screws. since it will be extremely difficult to remove the nails at the end of the work;
we check that the cutting line does not run along the ruler, but 10 mm higher;
start the saw and make the first cut;
we free the log from the stops and rearrange the structure to the next cutting line so that it turns out perpendicular (90⁰) to the finished cut;
Now we turn the log again and fix it with boards to the stop on the ground - you will no longer need the ruler, it will be replaced by the cut made earlier.

Conclusion

Of course, cutting logs into boards at home is not limited to just these two devices. If you do this yourself, then you will need to make a right angle on the trunk, and then using a frame you can prepare boards of any thickness.

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All photos from the article

Construction market replete with a huge number modern materials, which, unfortunately, are not natural. That is why wood is still the most popular - due to its versatility and availability, it is used in various construction industries. Any lumber, be it timber or boards, is made from logs, so our task today is to understand how to make the necessary building material from it.

Instead of a preface

Logs can be sawed using hand tools, or on different professional equipment, used in industrial scale.
The cost of finished lumber is directly influenced by its characteristics, namely the thickness of the materials and the amount of waste remaining as a result of the production process.

To reduce the amount of waste, logs are sawed on an industrial scale according to special schemes. living conditions Sometimes there is a need to cut logs yourself, so you should first become familiar with them.

What equipment is used

In production conditions, various professional tools and special equipment are used for sawing logs, selected depending on:

length of material;
its thickness;
quality required for products.

In domestic conditions it is usually unavailable, but it can be successfully replaced with a regular chainsaw, a woodworking machine with circular saw or .

At enterprises engaged in the production of lumber, wood sawing lines are used. This equipment is highly productive and allows you to obtain a high-quality product.

Sawmill - a machine for cutting logs into boards

One type of sawmill equipment includes a sawmill - a woodworking machine on which frame saws are installed. After processing, the final product is timber and edged boards.

Only logs of a certain size can be used as raw materials:

length should not exceed 7 m;
The diameter size range is much wider and ranges from 150 to 800 mm.

Round timber is also cut on circular saws called circular saws or circular saws. Such machines are divided into:

Most often logs are processed band sawmills allowing sawing round timber both horizontally and vertically. Thanks to high quality sawing logs, after obtaining the final material there is very little waste left.

But this is not the entire list of equipment used for large-scale production of lumber. There are also highly specialized machines that are used only in certain branches of woodworking.

Main types and methods of cutting wood

The method of sawing logs is chosen depending on the type of wood and what kind of workpiece should be obtained in the end.

Take into account:

parameters that determine the size;
shape;
surface quality;
requirements.

Logs can be sawn relative to the location of the growth rings.

There are three types of sawing in total:

Radial - along the radius of the growth rings, and the work is carried out with particular precision.
Tangential - the log is sawn tangentially to the growth rings, parallel to one of the radii.
Parallel-forming - cutting occurs parallel to the direction of the fibers.

Depending on the direction in which the logs are sawn, the methods of sawing them are also divided:

In the collapse - involves sawing the log in several places along its entire plane. They must be located parallel to each other. This is the simplest processing method, allowing you to ultimately get a pair of slabs and an unedged board.
With lumber allows you to first obtain side boards and beams, which, if necessary, are sawn into identical edged boards. This method allows you to cut a little more than half of all raw materials. Disadvantage: processing round timber requires the use of two sawmills.
Segmental - a beam will be cut from the center of the log. This name is due to the fact that two segments remain on the sides of the log, which are subsequently cut into tangential boards.
Sector - in this case, the round timber is cut into sectors. Moreover, their number depends on the diameter of the log and varies from 4 to 8. Next, the resulting fragments are sawn into radial or tangential boards.
Circular - designed for individual cutting of logs. This involves separating healthy wood from damaged wood.

Tip: when sawing off another board, the barrel must be rotated 90˚ around the longitudinal axis.

It should be noted that the last three methods, in contrast to the previous two main ones, are used quite rarely.

Sawing at home

Purchase sawmills for use at home it is unprofitable both from an economic point of view, the price is quite high, and from a practical point of view. For these purposes, a regular chainsaw is quite suitable.

However, you can also use an electric one, but a gasoline one is much more powerful and does not require electricity, which is very useful when carrying out work far from civilization. Despite the labor intensity this process, if you have certain skills, labor costs can justify themselves.

All work related to cutting requires special equipment:

a device that secures the log in a stationary state;
a frame-attachment designed for a chainsaw - if it is necessary to obtain boards of different thicknesses, they are fixed to the tool bar, but in such a way as to be able to adjust the distance remaining between the attachment and the chain;
ruler-guide. It can be successfully replaced to the required length metal profile or regular board, the main thing is that it is smooth and rigid.

Tip: for a chainsaw you need to purchase a special chain that allows you to make longitudinal cuts. Her distinctive feature is the special angle of sharpening the teeth.

Process

The operating instructions will be as follows:

Free the logs from bark and branches. The less waste there is, the more finished material there will be.
Determine the cutting pattern that will be most optimal. Why inspect the log for possible defects.

Carry out cutting in the direction from east to west or vice versa. This is due to the fact that receiving quality material This is only possible if the density of the boards is the same across the entire width. Please note - the density of a tree trunk is north side much higher than from the south.
Remove the slabs located opposite each other.
Saw the double-edged timber formed as a result of this operation into lumber.
Remove the edges from the resulting one.

Advice: if any defects are detected in the log, for example, a false core, it can be rotated by 90 and 180˚ as with circular sawing.

Conclusion

If you decide to cut the log at home, you will have to use a sawmill, chainsaw or regular saw. Best results will show the first two options, and the process will happen much faster and with better quality.

Before starting work, it is advisable to draw a diagram of sawing round timber. The video in this article will give you the opportunity to find additional information on the above topic.

Whatever you can do with a chainsaw - with the help of all kinds of attachments, this tool becomes very multifunctional. Don't know how to cut a log into boards with a chainsaw? Now we won’t talk about that!

Chainsaw - a tool for all occasions

Most owners have no idea what capabilities are hidden in this seemingly single-function tool. We are talking about what functions, besides sawing logs into firewood, a chainsaw can perform in in capable hands. But just think - the tool is absolutely autonomous, fill the tank with fuel, and work where it’s convenient for you!

A wide range of work results in a powerful, compact and safe gasoline engine, who has a very unpretentious “character” and the ability to work in the most difficult conditions. Another good thing about a chainsaw is its sealed fuel supply system, which, in combination with a diaphragm type carburetor, allows it to work in a variety of positions, perhaps not upside down. In addition, the designers provided reliable protection components from overloads and breakdowns in the form of a centrifugal clutch.

Look at the chainsaw from a different point of view - you are holding in your hands a tool that is amazing in its capabilities! This is a universal drive for a wide variety of devices, capable of not only sawing wood, but also cutting metal and stone, pumping water, drilling wells, and even serving as a low-power engine!

DIY multi-tool

The most popular attachment, which is even produced by chainsaw manufacturers themselves, is the petrol cutter attachment, which turns the chainsaw into an autonomous version of an angle grinder. The nozzle device is a bearing assembly with a shaft, with a pulley installed at one end, which is driven into rotation by a V-belt. At the other end there is a mandrel for fastening abrasive wheels. By changing circles, such a grinder chainsaw will be able to cut stone, tile, brick and even metal. Of course, the circle is hidden in a protective casing, without which work with such a tool would be clean water playing roulette - whether you're lucky or not!

Of course, there are a lot of people who will call this method crazy, because you can buy a normal one and not have to worry about changing any attachments! However, in practice, the idea is completely justified - saws with high speeds, equipped with such attachments, work no worse ordinary Bulgarians. Of course, they can’t compete with professional powerful tools, but in the household they justify themselves. This device has two undeniable advantages - autonomy and saving money.

Another professional attachments that can be purchased at specialized stores– these are the so-called debarkers. Their functions exactly correspond to the purpose of the chainsaw and, in fact, increase its capabilities - in addition to cutting wood with the help of debarkers, it can be processed, namely, cleared of bark, growths and branches, as well as cut grooves in logs, which is useful during construction wooden log houses, and give the rounded surface a flat shape.

Debarkers are divided into disk and drum. The first ones are used for cutting recesses and mounting grooves, and the drum ones are used to remove bark from logs; they are also called debarkers. The device is a drum or cutter mounted in a bearing unit. The device is driven by a V-belt drive; for this purpose, there is a special pulley on the axis. Taking into account changes in the diameter of the pulley and the engine speed, you can also change the speed of operation of such a tool for optimal processing of wood.

With the help of a chainsaw and the appropriate attachment, you don't have to worry about emergency water supply at home if necessary - you can make a pump from this woodworking tool in a few minutes!

Essentially, the attachment is a regular centrifugal pump that is attached to the saw and driven by the same pulley and belt. The principle of operation is the same as for everyone else centrifugal pumps– one hose is lowered into the water, the second serves as a pressure hose. Before starting work, liquid is poured into the engine through the plug, which is necessary for the pump to “grab” the pumped water. When the turbine rotates, it creates a reduced pressure inside, due to which water is pumped out. The device is essentially the simplest, but imagine what use it can be when country house is de-energized, and the water supply issue needs to be resolved in urgently!

With the help of special attachments, a chainsaw can be turned into a drill or a winch, and even into outboard motor, capable of reaching speeds of up to 20 km/h with a fuel consumption of 1 l/h. However, these are already rarer cases, while devices for longitudinal sawing of logs, or, as they are called, mini-sawmills, are found quite often.

How to cut a log into planks with a chainsaw - vertical attachment

First of all, it should be noted that no one sets themselves the task of professionally cutting logs with a minimum amount of waste. For professional work You also need the appropriate tool, but the attachment for longitudinal sawing of logs will allow you to solve many small problems on the farm. Let's imagine, for example, that an old pear tree has dried up in your garden, and you just need a few boards to fill a hole in the shed. Instead of using a tree trunk for firewood, you can use an attachment to get the material you need.

Devices for longitudinal sawing of logs are divided into vertical and horizontal. Most simple device This is precisely the first option: the adapter is attached to the tire at its base, and with the help of a guide bar the straightness of the adapter’s movement is ensured. This entire structure is attached to a board, which serves as a stop for cutting and at the same time as a guide. The accuracy of such a device is not high - it can be used to cut rough boards or give a log a simple square shape, however, such a device is assigned corresponding tasks.

How to cut a log lengthwise - cut horizontally!

Much greater cutting accuracy is ensured by the horizontal structure, which is a rigid frame attached to the chainsaw bar in two places - at the base and at its end. The attachment points can be shifted to provide the required cutting width. Of course, such a device is intended for small logs, the diameter of which will not be greater than the length of the tire.

Using the guide element you can install required thickness boards The most difficult thing will be to make the first horizontal cut - in order to get an even cut of the wood, you need to attach an additional guide frame to the log, which will serve as a base surface for the stop. At subsequent stages of dissolving the log into boards, the surface for support and guide is already flat surface previous cut.

This design is quite easy to work with. Before sawing a log lengthwise, it must be well secured along its entire length - the less it vibrates, the smoother the cut will be.. To avoid jamming of the chainsaw bar, small wedges are constantly inserted into the cut to prevent clamping. It should be noted that no matter how hard we try, there will be quite a lot of waste compared to a conventional sawmill. To begin, give the log a square shape by cutting top layer from all sides, and only then proceed directly to dissolving the logs into boards.

It will not be difficult for craftsmen to make attachments of this kind with their own hands when working with welding and metal - the corresponding diagrams on the Internet are not uncommon, and from the material you will need several square hollow pipes, nuts and screws.